中足基節 的英文怎麼說

The paper can concern the soil ' s instantaneous fallout, soil ' s main settlement due to concretion, and the coactions of soil and pile by applying the contact surface to simulate the coactions. the paper can analyze the service behavior of reuniting foundation and the effect of the pile ' s intensity, length and distance. the paper is concerned with the stressing of pile and the arrangement of pile for the smaller cost to fit the subsidence of throughway

通過有限元計算，分析了復合地基樁土工作性狀，分析了樁的剛度，長度，樁距對地基沉降及超孔隙水壓力的影響，並根據復合地基中樁的受力特點，提出合理的樁的布置方式，在滿足高速公路路面沉降要求的前提下，節省工程投資，加快建設進度。

After entry of wto, there are still many maladjustments in guangxi ' s seed industry, such as the weak foundation of sees industry development ; the unformed market of the seed industry for fair competition ; small - scale seed enterprises ; no systematic connection among the cultivation, breeding and marketing ; lower qualification of staff who work in the seed industry and with weak sense of laws, and lack of the knowledge in operating experiences in the international market and trade etc. yet the un - efficiency system, unclear property right in enterprises, the lack of an effective mechanism to promote the rational use of resources in the seed industry and the lack of such concept as " the government creates environment and enterprises create fortune " are the deep - seated causes of the problems in guangxi ' s seed industry. therefore, the key points for promoting development of guangxi ' s seed industry under the wto framework are to focus on the promotion of the developing capability of seeds " integrated products, constantly deepen reforms, to adjust various relevant factors in the system of the seed industry which is inconsistent with each other, and to establish a new - pattern system with evident characteristics of the time spirit in order to meet the requirements of the market economy. hereinto, the specific strategies and measures for promotion of guangxi ' s seed industry development under the wto framework include kee ping up reform and innovation of the system of the seed industry, executing of non - nationalization reform in state - owned seed enterprises, formulating and executing relevant supporting policies, the improving the legal system in the seed industry, increasing public financial support on the seed industry, promoting the integration of cultivation, breeding and marketing, strengthening human resource development, developing the main body of the seed industry ' s market and making proper conditions for the functions of seed associations in the seed industry development etc

研究結果認為：發展種子產業應該把著眼點放在促進種子整體產品的開發上；種子產業的發展依賴于能充分發揮整體功能的新型種業體系的構建，而目前廣西種業體系中的品種選育、種子生產加工、種子經營以及政府管理、公共支持和社會服務六個主要組成部分都存在明顯的缺陷與不足；廣西種子企業綜合競爭力總體處于較弱水平；面對wto ，廣西種子產業仍有諸多的不適應，突出表現在產業發展基礎薄弱、尚未形成可以公平競爭的種業市場、種子企業規模小、育繁銷脫節、種業人才素質不高、種子企業法律意識淡薄、國際市場運作經驗和國際貿易知識不足等多個方面，而體制不順、企業產權不明晰、缺乏促進種業資源合理流動的有效機制以及「政府創造環境，企業創造財富」的正確理念正是導致目前廣西種子產業不能適應入世需要的深層次原因；因此，以提升種子整體產品開發能力為核心，不斷深化改革，調整種業體系中不相協調的各有關因素，構建起符合市場經濟體制要求的具有鮮明時代特徵的新型種業體系，是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展必須堅持的指導思想；其中，加快種業體制改革和創新、實施對國有種子企業的非國有化改造、制訂落實有關扶持政策、完善種子法律法規體系、加大公共財政對種子產業的支持力度、推進育繁銷一體化的形成、加強人才培養與引進、壯大種業市場主體、實行重點突破戰略、發揮種子行業協會作用等等，都是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展應該採取的具體對策措施。

Most damage of construction is due to the crack, so people always consider the beginning of crack as the sign of danger, it always makes people fear. with the development of economy in our country, the dimensions of construction is larger and larger, and the engineering is growing towards large - scale and complexity, because the refresh of material of concrete, the strength of concrete is improved, but a lot of crack appears in the engineering. in recent years, as the further development of economy in our country, the need of steel in the engineering is increscent, but the supply of steel in our country can not satisfy with the need, the price of steel is continuously rising, so it gives us a problem, we must save steel in designing construction and simultanentily controlling the crack of construction. so it gives us a new question on crack study

由於建築物的破壞往往始於裂縫，所以人們一般把裂縫的出現視作危險的徵兆，裂縫使人們產生恐懼感。隨著國家經濟的發展，工程建設規模越來越大，工程結構朝著大型化、復雜化的方向進展，隨著混凝土原材料的不斷更新，混凝土強度等級的不斷提高，在實際工程上出現了大量的裂縫問題。近年來隨著國家經濟的進一步發展，用於工程建設的用鋼量日趨增大，而國家的鋼材供應量不能滿足日趨增大的市場需求量，導致鋼材的價格不斷上漲，這就要求我們在節約鋼材用量的基礎上來設計控制工程中的裂縫問題，這也就給裂縫研究提出新的課題。

Section four, on the basis of discussion of the three sections above, point out the problems in the running accounting system

第四節，在前三節論述的基礎上，指出我國現行會計制度中存在的問題和不足。

By means of historical literature, the author analyzed the achievements made and insufficiencies existed in rural sports practice in china since the establishment of china, and put forward the following opinions based on his analysis : for the development of rural sports practice in china in the future, governmental functions should be intensified, and the mode of governmental functions should be institutionalized, standardized and legalized ; the construction of rural fundamental sports organizations should be strengthened, and rural fundamental sports activists should be cultivated ; local and national sports activity events should be fully explored, coordinated and promoted, so as to enrich rural sports activity contents ; rural sports activities should be properly developed according to the time, location, people and program, so as to add new contents to the celebration of traditional rural holidays ; attention should he paid to the issue of development of sports for disadvantageous groups and migrant laborers in rural society ; attention should also be paid to rural scholastic physical education and full utilization of rural scholastic physical education resources

摘要通過歷史文獻，分析了建國以來中國農村體育實踐所取得的成就和不足，在此基礎上提出：未來中國農村體育的發展要強化政府的作用，政府的作用方式要制度化、規范化和法制化；要加強農村體育基層組織建設，培育農村基層體育骨幹；要充分挖掘、整理和推廣地方性、民族性的體育活動項目，豐富農村體育活動內容；要因時、因地、因人、因項目制宜地開展農村體育活動，為農村的傳統節日慶典注入新內容；重視農村社會弱勢群體和異地民工的體育發展問題；重視農村學校體育，充分利用農村學校體育資源。

The essence of edid is to set up a normal behavior fuzzy sub collection a on the basis of watching the normal system transfer of the privilege process, and set up a fuzzy sub collection b with real time transfer array, then detect with the principle of minimum distance in fuzzy discern method the innovation point of this paper is : put forward the method of edid, can not only reduce efficiently false positive rate and false negative rate, also make real time intrusion detection to become possibility ; have independent and complete character database, according to the classification of monitoring program, design normal behavior and anomaly behavior etc., have raised the strongness of ids ; use tree type structure to preservation the character database, have saved greatly stock space ; in detection invade, carry out frequency prior principle, prior analysis and handling the behavior feature of high frequency in information table, have raised efficiency and the speed of detection, make real time intrusion detection to become possibility ; have at the same time realized anomaly intrusion detection and misuse intrusion detection, have remedied deficiency of unitary detection method

這種方法的實質是在監控特權進程的正常系統調用基礎上建立正常行為模糊子集a ，用檢測到的實時調用序列建立模糊子集b ，然後用模糊識別方法中的最小距離原則進行檢測。本文的創新點是：通過對特權進程的系統調用及參數序列的研究，提出了基於euclidean距離的入侵檢測方法edid ，不僅能有效降低漏報率和誤報率，而且使實時入侵檢測成為可能；設計有獨立而完整的特徵數據庫，根據被監控程序的類別，分別設計正常行為、異常行為等，提高了檢測系統的強健性和可伸縮性；特徵數據庫按樹型結構存儲，大大節省了存儲空間；在檢測入侵時，實行頻度優先原則，優先分析和處理信息表中的高頻度行為特徵，提高檢測的速度和效率，使實時入侵檢測成為可能；同時實現了異常入侵檢測和誤用入侵檢測，彌補了單一檢測方法的不足。

On the foundation of making deep investigations in the current medium - sized rvte of hubei, the author have pointed out the leading problems and deficiencies existing in medium - sized rvte of hubei at present. mainly showing in the following aspects : enrollment drops, it is difficult for the rvte to enroll new student ' s ; the funds are put into insufficiently, the condition for running a school is bad, teaching is of low quality ; the overall arrangement of the education structure is unreasonable, the area of the system is developed unevenly ; professional structure and course offered do n ' t meet the needs of rural economy development in new century ; the training objective is unreasonable and indifferent for the agricultural service, the content of courses is outmoded, the teaching form is single, and the link breaks away from the real agricultural production ; rural vocation education mechanism is not flexible, the ability is not cogent that run a school towards the society, . the efficiency in school management is not high

作者在深入調查研究湖北省農村中等職業技術教育現狀的基礎上，指出了當前我國農村職業技術教育存在的主要問題和不足之處，這些問題和不足之處突出地表現在：招生人數下跌、農村中等職業學校出現了招生難；經費投入不足，辦學條件差，教學質量不高；結構布局不合理，區域發展不平衡；在專業結構及課程設置上不適應新世紀農村經濟發展的需要；培養目標定位不合理，教學內容陳舊，教學形式單一，教學環節脫離農業生產實際，為農服務能力不強；農村職校教育機制不靈活，面向社會辦學力度不大，辦學效益不高，辦學活力不強。

Since long time ago, because of the complexed system, the managerial policies coming out from varies departments, the common exist questions such as the position restriction is universal existing, the infrastructure is weak, the fund investment is insufficient and the talented person is deficient of the tourism district, causes the level of specialized management of the tourist attraction in our country become low, the compatibility for market economy become worse, and the potential sustainable growth become insufficient, which are hard to adapt for the reform of socialist market economy organizational and satisfy the request for developing in the area economic society and people demanding for material culture which grows day by day

作為旅遊產業核心要素的旅遊景區，現階段卻是我國旅遊產業發展中的薄弱環節。長期以來，由於旅遊景區體制復雜、政出多門的管理格局，加之普遍存在的區位制約、基礎設施薄弱、資金投入不足和人才匱乏的問題，使得我國旅遊景區的專業化經營水平低，市場經濟適應性差，可持續發展后勁不足，難以適應社會主義市場經濟體制改革和旅遊產業發展的趨勢，難以滿足地方經濟社會發展的要求和人們日益增長的物質文化生活需求。

In view of this, think in person : in the teaching on chemistry in high school, to students " body and mind developing stage, individual character, type, using relevant attribution theory, through appropriate, systematic training on attribution, adjusting and optimizing attributive mode can make student realize what is good or bad influence towards their study and understand that the key to determine the achievement of the study is how hard they work, carry on rational, favorable attribution, learn to adjust themselves, improve self - consciousness, can evaluate oneself, face one ' s own shortcoming, learn oneself how to regulate, maintain the psychological health state, remain enough self - confidence, strengthen will quality, so that the students can face various kinds of difficulty that they meet during the course of learning, excite latent energy to overcome the difficulty and surmount oneself constantly

基於此，本人認為：在高中化學教學工作中，針對學生的身心發展階段、個性特點、歸因類型，運用相關的動機歸因理論，通過恰當的、系統的歸因訓練，調整、優化學生的歸因模式，可使學生對影響學業成就優劣的因素有正確的認識，明確努力程度才是決定學業成就高低的關鍵，進行合理、有利的歸因，形成對后繼學習有利的內部、外部動機，提高自我意識，能較全面地評價自己，正視自己的缺點，學會自我調節，維護心理健康狀態，始終保持足夠的自信心，增強意志品質，從而能夠正視學習中遇到的各種困難，並激發起戰勝困難、不斷超越自己的潛能。

Section iii proposes a possible organization of a reactive power market, a regional reactive power market established according to the distribution of the load and the reactive supply. the regional reactive power market is composed of a reactive energy market based on marginal pricing and a reactive capacity market based on a reactive regulating capacity payment. the cases in section iv, based on the market organization proposals and the reactive bid structure previously presented, performed on a five - bus system and the ieee 14 bus system, are used to analysis the effects of active bid, voltage control and power factor on the reactive marginal price

本文首先回顧了電力市場發展的歷史和現狀；然後對市場中的定價方法和無功輔助服務的內容及特點進行了總結，並介紹了一些國家的無功輔助服務市場模式和交易方法；接著立足我國國情，提出了單邊開放電力市場下的無功市場框架：即根據負荷和無功源的分佈特點建立區域無功市場，各區域無功市場又由相應的無功電量市場和無功容量市場組成；並提出了該無功市場模式下的機組報價模型和基於報價的以系統總購電費用最小為目標的無功電價計算方法；最後用一個5節點系統和ieee14節點系統進行了實例分析，初步研究了發電機有功報價、系統電壓控制以及負荷功率因數對無功電價的影響，得出了一些有借鑒意義的結論。

In terms of economization, it is important to know how to apply these fresh thinking and exert the potential of the new system. this article is based on the existed hvac cooled water system, aiming at the design problems encountered during design process, further bringing out a set of optimum system design method by inducing the concept of the lcc ( life circle cost ) of the water system. according to this method, we can realize overall hydraulic balance without increasing lcc, thus establish the base for high efficiency and economization

本文在國內外空調冷水變流量系統的研究成果基礎上，針對國內空調冷水系統設計方面存在的不足，對空調冷水系統的優化設計方法做了進一步的研究，將壽命周期費用的概念引入到空調冷水系統設計中去，提出了一種簡單可行的設計方法，根據這種設計方法，能使空調冷水系統在不增加壽命周期費用的基礎上，實現系統全面的水力平衡，為空調冷水系統高效、節能運行奠定了基礎。

According to the definition and considering our country ' s special condition, the article points out that the key to realize the model of sustainable development is to build up a positive < wp = 8 > relationship between economy and population 、 resource and environment, so we take the model that remedy and develop at the same time when carrying out the strategy of sustainable development. according to this, in order to promote the sustainable development strategy, we should consummate our tax policies from four aspects as follow : firstly, set a just and effective tax system when distribute resources and regulate economy, by this way, we can promote the adjustment of industries, and improve the efficiency of resource arrangement ; secondly, set a relative tax system targets to promote the research of science and technology ; thirdly, design a series of tax policies targets to protect environment, and consummate our tax system in resource protecting ; lastly, consummate the related tax policies in improving citizen ' s comprehensive capability and social insurance

鑒於此，我國的稅收政策也應從以下四個方面著手完善，以促進可持續發展：建立公平、有效的稅收分配和調控機制，促進產業結構調整，提高資源配置；建立以環境保護為目標的環境稅收政策，完善以資源保護為目標的資源稅收體系；完善稅收政策在促進人口素質提高及社會保障方面的措施。基於以上認識，本文進而對我國稅收政策在促進可持續發展戰略中的現狀作< wp = 6 >了分析，具體分析了我國稅收政策在促進科技進步，經濟結構調整，節約資源與保護環境等方面的作用與不足。我國現有的稅收政策在促進可持續發展戰略方面已發揮了巨大作用，對科技進步給予了越來越多的關注，對包括軟體行業在內的高新技術產業實施了各種稅收優惠措施；通過稅收政策有效調整了產業組織結構，促進了產業結構升級換代；通過各種稅費措施，對節約利用資源和保護環境都起到了積極的作用。

The concepts of " flexible water - saving " and " inflexible water - saving " are advanced, and the water - saving and production - increasing potentialities in northern china are calculated. on the theoretical basis of water - saving irrigation - including systematics, biology and physics - an analysis is made of the likely wastage nodes of irrigation water in the whole process of irrigation - starting from the water source to the uptake and utilization by the crops. in view of the two different cases, namely, sufficient water supply and insufficient water supply, the concepts of " flexible water - saving " and " inflexible water - saving " are advanced

2 、提出了「柔性節水」與「剛性節水」的概念，計算了我國北方地區節水潛力與增產潛力根據節水灌溉的系統學基礎、生物學基礎、物理學基礎，分析了灌溉水從水源到被作物吸收利用的諸環節中可能浪費水的節點，針對水資源充足及不足二種情況提出了「柔性節水」與「剛性節水」的概念，計算了我國北方地區節水潛力與增產潛力。

For the sake of prolonging the lifespan of nodes and improving the performance of stable and routing, a self - adaptive routing algorithm based on analytic hierarchy process ( ahp ) is proposed. the new algorithm induces ahp to cluster self - adaptively, and then it makes virtual backbone network by clusters and sinks, after that it creates routes in the virtual backbone network

模擬實驗表明新演算法較flooding節能，能較好的克服flooding演算法中報文冗餘度高、能耗大等不足。為了盡可能地延長節點的生存期限，提高網路的穩定性與路由性能，提出了一種基於層次分析法的自適應分簇路由演算法。

However, it is difficult to relate the histone acetylation level with the gene expression level. we indicate, although histone acetylation acts to enhance the access of transcription - associated protein to dna, the activation of gene expression only need containing some acetylation level, but the hyperacetylation and underacetylation would effect the gene expression, so as to the abnormal development

而在克隆牛中組蛋白乙酰化水平雖然有所降低，但如果這種降低仍然為基因的表達提供了足夠的基礎，這就對基因的正常表達造不成很大影響；但如果組蛋白乙酰化水平過高或過低，可能要影響到其他因子的作用，從而影響了基因表達的調節，最終導致生物個體發育異常。

Since the securities investment fund was first come up on march in 1998, it has six years development. till february 2005, there have been 124 securities investment fund published. even though the securities investment funds are developing fast, but the research about appraisal of the securities investment fund was only the first stage. some scholars attempted to do this thing, and some securities company also have reports about evaluation of securities investment fund, but there are not any feasible 、 fair 、 authorities methods and standards to evaluate of securities fund, and even any reliable evaluation outcomes are never published. the published information is only net value to be often know, the information about assets, liabilities, operation, portfolio can be known by annual reports and quarterly reports. published information on funds is defect, all these things make the investors know little about the funds, and even feel it mysterious, the result is to hinder the development of the fund. however, in the foreign countries, the ordinary investors often use funds as the investment tools. the evaluation outcome of securities investment fund is published everyday for the investors. to the fund managers, they must scientifically appraise their performance periodically or non - periodically, through this way, they can make asset of funds stable increase at long term. in a word, the scientific funds evaluation is very important to both the investors and the managers

二、研究目的基金業績評價研究是促進基金業健康發展的重要環節。建立一套完備的基金業績評價體系無論對投資者和基金管理公司，還是市場監管部門都具有非常重要的意義。對于投資者而言，通過分析基金的業績，可以獲得基金投資操作的準確信息，從而能及時調整投資策略，做出正確的投資選擇，避免盲目跟從一些不實資訊而遭受損失;對于基金管理公司而言，建立科學的基金業績評價體系，不僅可以對基金經理的努力程度和業績水平給出具體的量化評價，還可以依此來分析所實施的投資計劃是否達到或超過了投資目標，發現投資計劃的不足，判斷基金投資策略在市場中的適應能力，總結管理成功的經驗，提高公司的經營管理水平;對于監管部門而言，則可以通過建立

First, we examine whether the momentum strategies and contrarian strategies can create significant profits under different formulation horizons and holding horizons, whether past factors ( market return, characteristic of individual stock ) can provide an important implication about the profits of momentum and contrarian strategies. second, we discuss the reasons for the significant profits of momentum or contrarian strategies, including seasonality, cross - sectional risk factors, time - varying risk premium, industry momentum, and stock underreaction, overreaction, and random walk. third, we discuss the link of time series predictability of stock returns and momentum profits, including stock underreation, overreaction, delayed reaction, and time - varying risk premium

研究目的有四：其一，探討中國股市執行慣性策略或反向策略的顯著獲利模式及與各狀態因子（市場及個股狀態）的關系；其二，全面分析中國股市慣性與反向效應之潛在成因，包括截面風險因素、季節因素、時變的風險溢價、行業慣性效應以及行為金融模型與conradandkaul （ 1998 ）的隨機遊走觀點之爭論；其三，構建非效率市場之股票價格運動方程，並基於此，規范地演進慣性效應之時序生成途徑，包括反應不足、過度反應、滯后反應以及風險溢價的時變性；其四，探討中國股市中投資者的特殊信息反應模式，並以此來解讀中國股市的中短期過度反應與反應不足的現象，以及個股間的超前一滯后關系的表現模式及形成機理。

Based on the analysis of above drawbacks, this paper proposes frequent access pattern tree algorithm ( fapt ). this algorithm includes two steps : access pattern tree method, through the pattern matching method it saves user ' s visit sequences with tree ; pruning method, it uses frequent degree to prune access pattern tree which is under the frequent degree

在分析以上不足的基礎上，提出了頻繁訪問模式樹（ fapt ）演算法，該演算法包括以下兩個步驟:訪問模式樹的生成，通過模式匹配的方法將用戶訪問序列以樹形結構來存儲;修剪的策略，利用頻繁度對訪問模式樹進行修剪，修剪掉其中低於頻繁度的節點。

This method could be used for reference by other fp technology, and also by other biometric, image and pattern recognition and classification, etc. the main conclusion, the shortage and the prospect of the research of this thesis are given finally. structure - based fp recognition method not only makes best use of texture structure information contained in the gray level fp image but also reflect the local information

基於結構的指紋識別演算法充分利用了蘊含在指紋灰度圖像中的豐富的紋理結構信息，又能反映局部信息（細節點） ，因而彌補了傳統方法在小面積指紋的識別上的不足；基於anfis的匹配演算法和指紋的補償識別演算法，對于指紋圖像中的噪聲和變形有著很好的魯棒性，達到了令人滿意的識別準確率。

Based on the investigation of research and application of concrete - filled tubular column to steel beam connections in china and abroad, according to engineering practice, six full - size specimens that the joints composed by concrete - filled square tubular column and i - shape steel beam divided as a and b groups have been tested under cyclic - loading in this paper. the three specimens of group a are connected by bolt - weld and the group b connected by welded at the end of beams

本文在總結分析了國內外關于鋼管混凝土框架節點研究與應用現狀的基礎上，以實際工程為背景，在國內首次進行了a 、 b兩組共6個足尺節點試件的低周反復循環加載試驗，其中a組三個試件梁端採用栓-焊連接； b組三個試件梁端為全對接焊接。