代用特性 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [dàiyòngtèxìng]
代用特性 英文
alternative characteristic
  • 代 : Ⅰ動詞1 （代替） take the place of; be in place of 2 （代理） act on behalf of; acting Ⅱ名詞1 （歷...
  • 用 : Ⅰ動詞1 （使用） use; employ; apply 2 （多用於否定: 需要） need 3 （敬辭: 吃; 喝） eat; drink Ⅱ名...
  • 特 : Ⅰ形容詞（特殊; 超出一般） particular; special; exceptional; unusual Ⅱ副詞1 （特別） especially; v...
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 代用 : substitute
  • 特性 : characteristic（s）; character; performance; features; properties; behaviour; response; character...
  1. In contrast to traditional synchronous motor of electrical excitation, permanent - magnet synchronous motor ( pmsm ) has more advantages, especially the occasion that requires high precision of control and high reliability, such as avigation, numerical control machine tool, processing center, robot and so on. in addition, it plays an important part in ac motor in modem times

    與傳統的電勵磁同步電機相比，永磁同步電機具有許多優良的特性，尤其是在要求高控制精度和高可靠性的場合，如航空、數控機床、加工中心、機器人等方面獲得了廣泛的應用，在現代交流電機中也佔有舉足輕重的地位。
  2. Securitization of bank assets refers to combined management and investment activities in which commercial banks, by making use of the legally representable nature of their credit assets and other claimable credits, put certain assets into asset - pools, issue asset - backed securities backed by the assets in the pools in order to transform the illiquid credit assets into cash assets. then the asset - backed securities are entrusted. upon the expiration of the securities ’ terms, the underlying assets are realized to repay the principals and interests of the securities

    銀行資產證券化是商業銀行利用信貸資產和其他可主張的債權在法律上可被代表的特性，以確定的財產進入資產池為擔保發行資產支持證券，將沉澱的信貸資產變為現金資產，然後將該證券委以信託增值，在證券期滿時，變現擔保財產償還證券本息的一種組合經營和投資活動。
  3. On the basis of foreign documents, the dissertation firstly describes the morphology, taxonomy, and biological characters of cochineal insects. then, by using artificial climate cases in the lab, according to orthogonal design, 8 lands of combinations of temperature, humidity and light is set, while the temperature has four levels : 15, 20, 25 and 30, and the relative humidity has two levels : 60 % and 80 %, while the light also has two levels : 980 lux and 60 lux. through observations and analysis of hatching percentage, survival percentage of the first instar and during from the second instar to the adult, the population tendency index, generation life cycle, size and eggs of female adult, the development of the cochineal under different conditions is studied

    在收集、整理國外對胭脂蟲的研究資料基礎上，首先從胭脂蟲的形態學、分類學、生物學特性入手，進而在實驗室內利用人工氣候箱，應用正交設計方法，設計了4種溫度、 2種濕度、 2種光照梯度的不同組合，通過測定胭脂蟲的孵化率、 1齡若蟲的存活率、 2齡若蟲至成蟲期存活率、種群趨勢指數、世代歷期、雌成蟲的大小、懷卵量等生物學指標，深入研究胭脂蟲在這些組合下的生長發育狀況，應用數理統計方法，分析出溫度、濕度和光照對各項生物學指標的影響，找出胭脂蟲適宜的室內培育條件，並為野外胭脂蟲的培育提供一定的理論依據。
  4. By means of modern testing instrument such as xrd, sem, hydration token and structure of hardened mortar are analyzed and condign production parameters are obtained

    應用x衍射儀、掃描電鏡等現代測試手段，分析了硬化砂漿的水化特性、結構。提出了普通干拌砂漿適宜的生產工藝參數。
  5. With the thinking of futurology, this paper is divided into two parts, budgeting plan and budgeting execution, to try to detect the present problems and to find approaches to solve them. the purpose of this paper is to make the those methods more scientific to realize the combination of enterprise tactics management and strategy management in the systematic, strategic and total - attending way that other measures of management can not achieve

    帶著未來學的思想，文章將預算管理分為預算編制和預算執行兩大塊進行研究，試圖找到它們各自現存的問題及解決途徑，使之逐步完善科學，發揮出其機制性、戰略性、全員性等一系列其他管理手段無法替代的作用特徵，實現企業戰術管理和戰略管理的有機融合。
  6. The results of biological tests have demonstrated that allantoic fluid of the first passage virus did n ' t produce macroscopic pathogenic role to chicken embryos and after passaged for four times, gross lesions were observed in chicken embryo. the virus showed typical coronavirus under electron - microscope and it could n ' t form plaque in cef cells and could hemagglutinates chicken red blood cells after treatment with 1 % trypsin. to surprise, the virus replicated in cef cells also showed hemagglutination activity to chicken red blood cells. in addition, the spf chickens which inoculated with the virus isolated from the chicken damaged tissue showed clinical sign and grow lesion, but it ' s gross lesion did n ' t resemble to those of field outbreaks

    生物學特性：雞胚尿囊液經離心、磷鎢酸負染后，電鏡觀察該病毒為典型的冠狀病毒；該毒株的第一代尿囊液對雞胚無肉眼可見的致病作用，當繼代到第5代后，胚體嚴重病變；病毒在雞胚中隨著接種時間的延長，其效價增高， 96h可達到48h的2倍；該毒株可在cef上生長，但不能形成明顯的蝕斑；經1胰酶處理后可凝集雞紅細胞；雞胚的第四代尿囊液病毒回歸動物體，病死雞腎臟呈典型的花斑腎，腺胃則未見肉眼可見的病變。
  7. Zhuzhou hydropower junction project is a large - scale project with great capital invested, and the project would impropriate the land and work on the neighborhood environment. especially when the project develops up to a certain degree, the influence would be profound. therefore, the construction and operation of zhuzhou hydropower junction project should be on the basement of sustainable development in order to meet the need of the development of economy, environment and social service

    株洲航電樞紐工程是一個規模大、耗資多、影響面廣的大型工程，它以永久性佔用土地、影響環境為代價，特別是內河航道發展到一定程度后，這種影響將更為廣泛，因此，株洲航電樞紐工程的建設與運營應謀求其可持續發展，以滿足工程移民區域及移民安置影響地區目前及將來經濟、環境、社會發展的需求。
  8. Guan xiaohong, et al. ( 1991 ) established a strain of monoclonal anti - idiotypic antibody np30 of schistosoma japonicum, whice is an internal image antigen of gut associated antigen ( gaa ), its antibody isotype is igm. np30 has a partial cross - reaction with soluble egg antigen ( sba ) and membrane associated antigen ( maa )

    管曉虹等建立的日本血吸蟲單克隆抗獨特型抗體（ anti - id ， ab _ 2 ） np30是腸相關抗原（ gaa ）的內影像anti - id ，與可溶性蟲卵抗原（ sea ）有交叉反應，可替代蟲源性抗原用於血吸蟲病免疫診斷和抗病疫苗的研究。
  9. Arbuscular mycorrhizae have ability to improve mineral quality of fruit tree, replacing the fertilizer so called the biological fertilizer

    摘要叢枝菌根有增強果樹吸收礦物質營養的特性，起到代替肥料的作用，故稱為生物肥料。
  10. Methods : ( 1 ) the segregation of foreign target gene in the t1 by histochmical gus assays ; ( 2 ) identification of pure line from transgenic tomatoes ( tl ) through examining gus expression in pollens in conjunction with pcr analysis of marker gene ( npt ) ; ( 3 ) the transcript levels of leetrl or leetr2 in anti - sense transgenic plants ; ( 4 ) the phenotypes of the transgenic plants in tomato during whole life cycle under ethylene - treated and non - treated conditions

    本研究以反義乙烯受體leetr1 ， leetr2基因番茄t _ 0代種子為實驗材料，利用gus基因表達研究外源基因的遺傳規律，並藉助于pcr技術對目的和標記基因的鑒定獲得轉基因t _ 1代材料。利用gus基因在t1花粉中的表達鑒定獲得轉基因純合植株。研究了轉基因後代的生長發育模式、對外源乙烯敏感性，以及靶基因的表達特性，初步探明了它們在乙烯受體系統中的功能。
  11. Based on extensive investigation of construction technique history of chinese ancient buildings, the structure method, structure developing history and seismic behavior of chinese ancient timber structure buildings are analyzed in several respects of the structural system and form. through a series of experiments on constituent parts of chinese ancient timber building structure, including the tests on the corbels and brackets called dougong subjected to low cyclic reversed loadings, the tests on the wooden frame using the tenon - mortise joints as connections of column and beam subjected to low cyclic reversed loadings, the tests on vibration isolation effect of friction and slippage between column footing and their socle base, and a series of shaking table tests on a chinese ancient timber structure palace building mode under artificial earthquake at serving conditions, destroyed conditions and reinforced conditions, many valuable results of structures such as moment - curvature hysteretic loops of dougong structure and tenon - mortise joints under low cyckc reversed loadings, the static function, the seismic performance, energy dissipation, vibration reduction, energy - loss mechanism, nechanicalmode and failure mode were studied. aplenty of valuable parameters of the structure system were obtained, such as the natural period of structure, vibration modes, damping ratio, factor of vibration isolation, oscillate amplitude of ineitial accebration, velocity and displacement, magnitude of slippage, and the mechanism of structure failure and collapse etc. based on these research, the complete analysis of ancient timber structure under earthquake were carried out in which including mechanism analysis method, calculating mode, strength analysis of members and joints, strengthening methods for serving damaged ancient timber structure buildings were also taken into account

    依照宋代《營造法式》建造了抬梁式殿堂木結構構件及結構模型，對中國古代木結構中的典型構造如：柱腳在礎石頂面平擱簡支、柱架榫卯連接、柱高不越間之廣、側腳、生起、斗拱等的構造機理及結構功能進行了量化分析和實驗研究： （一）通過木柱石礎靜摩擦試驗，測定了柱腳與石礎古鏡面間的摩擦系數及摩擦力隨上部結構荷載變化的規律； （二）通過單柱承載力試驗，測定了古建築中木柱的受力變形特徵、破壞模式、及模型材料的變形模量、極限承載力、極限變形等參量； （三）通過柱架低周反復荷載試驗，測定了柱架的抗側移剛度、柱架恢復力特性及滯回曲線、榫卯張角剛度及其變化規律、柱架及榫卯的極限承載力和極限變形、及榫卯減振參數； （四）通過斗?低周反復荷載試驗和受壓試驗，測定了古建築木構件與木構件間摩擦系數，斗?抗側移剛度，斗?恢復力特性及滯回曲線，斗?抗壓極限承載力及受力變形規律； （五）通過抬梁式殿堂間架模型振動臺試驗，測定了殿堂木構架結構自振周期，地震反應振形、阻尼特性及阻尼比；按結構分層特點對柱腳、柱頭和斗?層上的屋蓋的地震反應採用多點同步測量，對柱根滑移、榫卯變形、斗?的變形、復位、耗能減振參數等進行了定量分析。
  12. In this thesis, the concept of " fractal " and the recursive algorithm of fractal structure are depicted. the wavelength - independent character of archimedean spiral antenna and the space filled property of koch monopole are analyzed by the method of moment

    本文介紹了分形的基本概念和分形結構的迭代演算法，採用矩量法分析了阿基米德螺旋天線的頻率無關特性和koch單極天線的空間填充特性。
  13. In exchange for enhanced enterprise features, you sacrifice simplicity, a small client footprint, and asynchrony. the first two should come as no surprise, especially if you ve been following the

    作為增強企業特性的代價，您犧牲了簡單性，客戶機佔用空間（ client footprint ）也不再像以前那麼小了，而且也沒有了異步性。
  14. In a study on a sedimentary basin analysis of the huanan orogenic belt, the sedimentary basin character and evolution in the southeastern passive continental margin of the yangtze plate is investigated with elaborate sedimentary environments and sedimentary character from the sinian to the triassic, and then the sedimentation sketch of this belt is established especially to be from rift, passive continental margin into foreland basin in the early paleozoic on the yangtze plate

    在華南造山帶沉積盆地分析和演化研究中，對揚子大陸東南邊緣從震旦紀到三疊紀沉積環境，沉積作用特點，沉積盆地性質和演化進行研究，特別是建立了中國南方揚子板塊早古生代從裂谷，被動大陸邊緣到前陸盆地華南造山帶沉積作用格架。
  15. Claw - free graphs have been a subject of interest of many authors in the recent years. the first motivation for studying properties of claw - free graphs apparently appeared from the beineke ' s characterization of line graphs in [ 4 ], [ 5 ]. however, the main impulse that turned the attention of the graph theory community to the class of claw - free graphs was given in late 70s and early 80s. during the period some first results on hamiltonian properties were proved in [ 6 ], [ 7 ], [ 8 ], [ 9 ]. prom then on, more and more authors began to study the problem of hamilton. they studied mainly in the following two aspects : cycle aspect and path aspect. we may obtain some results about cycle in [ 3 ] and [ 10 - 30 ]

    研究該圖類的最初動機來源於deineke [ 4 ] ， [ 5 ]線圖的特性，然而引起人們尤其注意是在70年代末80年代初，整個這個時期在[ 6 ] ， [ 7 ] ， [ 8 ] ， [ 9 ]中關于哈密頓性質的一些初步結果被證明從此用無爪圖來研究哈密頓問題日益活躍，人們主要從以下兩個方面來研究：圈方面和路方面其中關于圈方面的部分結果可參見文獻[ 3 ]及[ 10 - 30 ]等
  16. Cassirer ' s cultural philosophy emphasizes the construction characteristic of the cultural production significance as well as the function of culture, as the significance and the value system, in the human society life, which should become the important discourse resources for chinese present culture studies

    卡西爾的文化哲學強調了文化生產意義的建構特性以及作為意義與價值系統的文化在人類社會生活中的作用，應當成為中國當代文化研究的重要話語資源。
  17. Another advantage, contrast to using convolutional codes or turbo codes, is its low complexity while maintain high ber performance because the check equations are used to terminate the both iterations. we develop the theoretical error free feedback bound for bpcm - id and predict the threshold for decder convergence using the extrinsic information ransfer chart ( exit )

    利用非正則ldpc具有不同度的信息節點概率密度演化的差異，對高階星座中具有較高級別的子通道提供額外的保護，可使迭代反饋判決時，星座子集擁有最大的無錯反饋歐氏距離調和均值，從而改善系統的迭代收斂特性。
  18. The major achievements obtained in this paper are as follows : 1. it analyses the essential features of sericulture in detail and points out that it has many unique characters that are different from general agriculture, such as the irreplaceability of silkworm eggs, mulberry trees and cocoons, high special - purpose of reeling industry ' s assets, complete commercial characters of cocoons and so on

    本文主要研究成果如下：一、詳細分析了蠶業的基本特性，指出蠶業具有不同於一般農業的諸多特點，如蠶種、桑樹、蠶繭的不可替代性，繅絲企業的高度資產專用性，蠶繭的完全商品特性等。
  19. On the basis of the loess distribution, engineering geology and specific properties of road use in gansu province, this paper divides traffic volume grade according to the conditions of transportation of all high - grade highways which are being built and have already finished. besides, it analyses the relativity of three different test methods, establishes the related relations, and divides their strength grade after measuring rebound module of subgrade of the representative high - grade highways in gansu loess area. furthermore, it recommends the common semi - rigid and asphalt concrete design parameters by comparing the experiment in doors to outdoors, and draws up the optimized design program aga - lq based on advanced genetic algorithm and solves the non - liner optimization design model of asphalt pavement construction by computer

    本文基於甘肅黃土分佈、工程地質及路用特性研究，對該黃土地區在建和已建的全部高等級公路交通狀況進行了詳細調查和分析，劃分了交通量等級；對甘肅黃土地區代表性的高等級公路，利用三種不同方法實測了土基回彈模量，分析了各測試方法的相關性，建立了相關關系，對土基回彈模量進行了強度等級劃分；通過室內外試驗比較，推薦了常用的半剛性材料和瀝青混凝土設計參數值；利用計算機編制了基於改進遺傳演算法的優化設計程序aga ? lq ，並成功求解了瀝青路面結構非線性優化設計模型；最後經計算提出了甘肅黃土地區高等級公路瀝青路面典型結構，並編制了查詢圖庫軟體cx ? lq ，供設計單位直接選用，科學簡便地解決了甘肅黃土地區的路面設計問題。
  20. A new cooperation model, dreascom ( dynamic real - time strong cooperation model ), is proposed. two key technologies of cooperation model - group awareness and cooperation control, are studied, and specific mechanisms for group awareness and cooperation control in dreascom, dhga and dhcc, are also proposed. as a result, a prototype of the dynamic real - time strong cooperation system is developed to verify the cooperation model dreascom and related mechanisms

    文中首先分析了協同作戰指揮控制系統中的復雜性、動態性、實時性等特性，據此把它抽象為一種復雜的動態實時強協同協作模型dreascom ；研究了其中的群體感知和協作控制兩項關鍵技術，提出了適合於協同作戰指揮應用特性的動態層次式群體感知機制dhga和動態層次式協作控制機制dhcc ；在此基礎上設計了新一代作戰指揮控制系統平臺原型；最後開發了一個簡單的原型驗證系統，對本文所構造的協作模型以及相應機制進行了功能驗證。
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