估價和出價單 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [gūjiàhéchūjiàdān]
估價和出價單
英文
estimate and offer sheet-
So we consider five financial indexes includes stock b / p, e / p, current stock size, current stock stru and financial levge by the international tradition, then descriptive statistical test method and cross section statistical test method proved that b / p and current stock size have marked effect on the securities yield besides coefficient b. in the third chapter, the article fut forward a risk factor model, estimates yield sequences of every risk factor by weight regression, and then estimates each risk factor coefficient of different stock by time sequence regression, at last we can reckon the portfolio risk o2p and yield rp which consists n stocks
結合國際慣例，文章考慮了股票的凈值市價比（ b p ） ，市盈率倒數（ e p ） ，流通規模（ size ） ，流通比例（ stru ）和財務杠桿（ levge ）等五個財務指標，應用描述性統計檢驗和橫截面統計檢驗等多種方法，結果表明，除系數以外，凈值市價比（ b p ）和流通規模（ size ）對證券收益率部有重要的影響。在論文的第三章，提出了一個基於多因素的風險因子模型，並用加權回歸和時間序列回歸等方法估計出了不同證券的各風險因子系數（類似於單指數模型中的系數） ，據此，即可衡量出一個包括n只股票的組合的風險_ p ~ 2和收益率r _ p 。It is not only influnce the survival of valin group but also influnce the industrialization progress of hunan province. this book appraised the foreground of the product market, raising money and using money, budget and potential risk of this project by using the method of project evaluation, analysised avail factor and disadvantage factor, then bring forward measures of evading project risk to help erector and bank who provide a loan
本文運用項目評估方法，對華菱薄板項目的產品市場前景、資金籌措與運用、財務預測與分析及項目潛在風險等方面進行評價，分析項目建設的有利因素和不利影響，得出評估結論，提出規避項目風險的措施，為項目建設單位及項目資金承貸銀行提供指導和幫助。This article is based on the principles of risk management and insurance. it insights into the interrelationship among risk, insurable interest and such important factors as insurance value in mortgage insurance, explains the asymmetry of risk assumed and relevant coverage, shows the brand new concept of ratio of real estate insurance value, argues the application of replacement less depreciation approach to the valuation of insurance value in mortgage insurance, and analyzes the valued policy and moral hazard in real estate insurance
本文基於風險與保險基本原理和不動產估價原則，結合保險發達國家不動產保險實務和我國抵押貸款相關險種保單條款，深入剖析住房抵押貸款保險的風險、可保利益、保險價值等要素的內在聯系以及現行保險條款中風險與保險責任不對稱的原因，提出了不動產保險價值比率的全新概念，論證了住房抵押貸款的保險價值評估適用抵押房屋重置價值的觀點，並對不動產保險中定值保單和道德風險進行了探討。We write the program which used for fighting errors in absolute positioning. we also write the program which used for linear combinating in absolute positioning. from analyzing for the measurement of outer, we can conclude that we can use m estimation to estimate parameter in gps absolute positioning. lt has application value. using it, we can obstain the stable positioning result and remove the outer. in this paper, we calculate the data which from the baseline space of the gps calibration space. we also draw some conclusion using broadcast ephemeredes and smoothing pseudoranges. the positionging precision is in 1 - 2 meter
編制了gps絕對定位中抗差估計程序和應用線性組合進行單點定位的程序。通過對粗差量級的分析，得出在gps觀測量存在粗差時， m估計是有其應用價值的，它使定位結果較為穩定，減弱和剔除了粗差的影響。應用線性組合程序對gps綜合檢定場數據基線網點進行計算，得出用廣播星歷和平滑后的偽距可以給出較好的結果，點位精度在1 ? 2米。In this study, the author try to find a way to establish a new flood hazard risk management decision system by gis and other technologies, which will harmonize with the nature rule of the flood then the system will reduce the hazard of the flood through managing flood correctly and benefit to the human beings
（五）在防洪調度方面，從單純的防洪調度：防洪工程調度方案的制訂和評價，通過綜合分析確定淹沒范圍，擴展到社會經濟損失分析與評估。包括災前風險評估、出現洪災時的實時災情監測評估、洪水過后的災后損失評估。The main research contents are as follows. 1 ) the characteristics of semi - process industry based on make - to - order are studied, which means that the purchase tune is long while the due date is short, the working procedures are successive and discontinuous. then the general structure of production system based on make - to - order mode in semi - process industry is put forward, which includes estimate of the dynamic finite resources, evaluation of the order based on rough capability balance, material requirement planning, production plan, order tracing, collection and feedback of the local data etc. they all together form an integrated and closed loop system as a whole
研究的內容主要包括： 1 ）研究了半流程製造業面向訂單生產模式具有的采購期長、交貨期短和工序連續但工序間可間斷的特點，並基於此提出了適應半流程製造業面向訂單生產的系統總體結構，其主要內容包括動態有限資源能力評價、基於初能力平衡的訂單評估、物料需求計劃和生產作業計劃、以及訂單跟蹤和現場數據的採集和反饋等，它們在總體上形成了一個集成的和閉環的系統。All interested suppliers and exporters of the above listed items should contact us directly via e - mail by sending their products list / specification and export quotation for our first trial order confirmation
請所有對以上所列出的產品感興趣的供應商和出口商通過電子郵件直接與我們聯系，發送產品名單、規格和出口估價單以供我們確定第一次試訂單。3 the author analyzes the productive and opening potential and forecasts the demands of some kinds landuse and draws some conclusions : ( l ) the main cause for low production and income is the shortness of water and the poor fertility of land ; ( 2 ) constructive land is not suitable for farming and should be used for economy construction, and this is the main path to keep the total number of plantation in balance. 4. according to the land use, the author discover the unsustainable factors and use synthetical index method to evaluate the sustainability of landuse and the results are these : ( l ) synthetical and monomial value increase gradually with the change of time and sustainable degree of landuse rises year by year ; ( 2 ) the artical compartmentalizes the sustainable landuse into four grades : prophase, primary period, basic period and sustainable period according to the synthesical value with 30 %, 60 % and 85 %
4根據酉陽縣土地資源利用現狀，在評價模型採用綜合指數法進行評價的基礎上，結合單指標多角度評價法，找出土地利用過程中存在的不可持續性因素，採用綜合指數法對酉陽縣土地資源進行可持續利用評價，結果顯示: （ l ）綜合評估值隨時間變化呈增加的趨勢，而且單項指標的評估值也逐漸提高，可持續利用度在逐年上升; （ 2 ）根據事物發展階段論，按綜合評估值為30 % 、 60 %及85 %將酉陽縣土地可持續利用劃分為可持續利用的前期階段、初期階段、基礎階段和持續階段等四個等級，從酉陽縣1980年、 1990年以及2000年總的土地可持續利用綜合評估值來看，酉陽縣到2000年土地利用管理仍處在可持續利用管理的初期階段，離土地可持續利用的目標還相差較遠。Business valuation based on modern economy is one of the most difficult and comprehensive professional work in asset appraisal, but also stands for the trend of the appraisal. as china implemented planned economy all the long in the past years, the concept of business value was proposed later than other advanced countries. the study on the theory and method of business valuation we made is relatively backward. all these lead to that we merely use cost method in practice. with the improvement of market economy, the validity of cost method is challenged. hunting for appraisal methods suitable for china circumstance has become more and more urgent. this thesis presents its own opinion on the adjustment of the basic frame of theory of business valuation. for the first time, it puts systems theory into the study of the theory base, and believes that the enterprise as a compound entity has higher efficiency than the sum of its constituent, and then proposes new appraisal assumption. aiming at the obscure understan ding, it analyses a group of conception related to business valuation. after giving a whole analysis and study, this thesis indicates the income approach which emphasizes earning - capacity of a enterprise should become the correct choice of china, and makes a further study on the origin - features and feasibility of this method
植根于現代經濟的企業價值評估是資產評估中綜合性最強，技術難度最高的業務之一，也是評估業未來的發展方向，由於我國過去長期實行計劃經濟體制，企業價值概念的提出和運用時間較晚，缺少現代經營理念的積累，企業價值評估的理論與方法的研究比較滯后。本文試圖以理性分析和案例分析相結合的方法，系統研究和分析企業價值評估的基礎理論及其現實條件下，適應我國經濟發展的評估方法，以期為構建有中國特色的企業價值評估理論和方法體系做一些有益的探索。文章以企業價值評估的基本概念為起點，在對眾多關于企業性質的學說和理論觀點進行概括抽象的基礎上，指出了整體性、持續經營和盈利性是企業的重要特徵，依據企業的整體性運用系統方法闡明了企業的價值大於組成企業的單項資產價值之和，據此提出了反映企業價值評估特點的有機組合增殖假設；依據盈利性的特點，強調了企業價值評估的核心應為企業的獲利能力，而不是組建企業的成本；對企業價值、企業價值評估含義、特點的論述以及對相關概念的辨析表明了作者的個人觀點和文章的基本定位，而從評估目的入手劃分的以產權變動為目的的企業價值評估和以財務決策為目的的企業價值評估與企業價值評估的假設、評估核心共同決定了評估方法的選用。On the basis of collecting and processing many datum and materials. firstly. this paper analyzes main activities and cost constitutions of each stage of the life cycle of a fcs, and lay a foundation for later analysis and evaluation of system lcc. secondly, a basis method and usage range for estimating the system lcc are introduced. a multivariate linear regression model of pcs development cost and cost driven factor is built by use of the parametric method and supplies the base of cost estimation of newly - developed systems. thirdly, combine actual examples and make statistical analysis of lcc of a certain pcs developed by our institute, predict unhappened usage and service cost with grey prediction method, obtain proportion of each constitute to the lcc. forthly, according to actual conditions, use the fuzzy theory to overall evaluate efficacy of the fcs, fifthly, combimng our actual conditions, investigate specific measures of how to implement the life cycle cost management in our institute and put forward a new conception of developing web - based flight control system lcc management information system with pdm as the platform. at last, investigate important factors such as reliability and maintainability that may affect the life cycle cost of the fcs in detail, and put forward specific methods of lowering the life cycle cost of the fcs
論文在收集和整理大量資料的基礎上，首先深入分析了飛控系統壽命周期各階段的主要活動以及各階段的費用構成，為以後系統壽命周期費用的分析和評價奠定了基礎；其次，介紹了壽命周期費用估算的基本方法和使用范圍，並利用參數法建立了飛控系統研製費用與費用驅動因子的多元線性回歸模型，為新研系統的費用估算提供了依據；第三，結合實例對我所研製的某型飛控系統的壽命周期費用進行統計分析，運用灰色預測方法對未發生的使用及維修費用進行預測，得出了該系統的壽命周期費用以及各組成部分所佔比例；第四，根據實際情況，首次運用模糊理論對飛控系統的系統效能進行了綜合評價，構造了飛控系統系統效能模糊綜合評價模型；第五，結合我所實際，探討了如何在本單位實施加強壽命周期費用管理的具體措施，提出以pdm為平臺，開發基於web的飛控系統lcc管理信息系統的新構思；最後，對影響飛控系統壽命周期費用的重要因素如可靠性和維修性等進行了詳細地研究，提出了降低飛控系統壽命周期費用的具體方法。Recently, icbc is running a new system named colligate operation system, it funnel the disperse data and business into an independent system - a great business dealing system made by several subsystems, this is a deep hierarchy revolution on technique and operation. how to use its advance function, build up competition ability, win the customer, we need to know the function of the system, and reform the unreasonable problem, though discussing of organization structure, human resources, business reengineering, clearing the benefit of these factor. through the comparison of the living condition, management situation, position effect analysis, this text come to a conclusion : whole revolution can achieve optimize usage
業務流程再造的過程可以分為五個階段：形成條件階段；準備工作階段；分析設計階段；實施再造階段；評估改進階段，本文將以此為順序，通過再造形成條件一綜合業務系統技術變革地位的確立，從理論的高度論述業務流程再造的性質與必要性，結合pdca持續改進、組織行為學、管理學、價值鏈管理等知識指導流程再造工作的思路和方法，並找出實施步驟，最後用本單位的真實案例來分析流程再造的效果。Secondly, by combining with the whole process of m & a analysis the thesis comprehensively introduces the main contents and methods of business m & a " s value appraisal and detailedly introduces principles of discounted cash flow method, comparable company analysis method, comparable transaction analysis method, as well as the way how to determine the main parameters of them by giving corresponding examples. after that, it analyses the suitable range for use of different appraisal methods and the present situation of our country ' s business value appraisal, point out the problems and puts forward the solutions of them. thirdly, the thesis separately expounds how to choose financing policies and financing channels, how to analyse financing costs, how to determine the unit of financing ways
本文通過融會國內外企業並購相關理論，辨析了企業並購的概念和動機，介紹了企業並購的一般模式及並購方式的選擇；其次結合併購分析的大致過程全面介紹了企業並購的價值評估的主要內容及方法，對其中的現金流量折現法、可比公司分析法、可比交易分析法的原理及主要參數的確定予以了詳細的介紹，並分別附以相應的實例分析，同時還分析了不同評估方法的適用范圍和我國的企業並購價值評估現狀，指出了其中存在的問題，並提出了解決建議；此外，對企業並購的融資政策、融資渠道的選擇、融資成本分析和融資方式的確定單位? ?予以論述；最後，本文分析了企業並購的財務陷阱的成因及其可能造成的損失，並結合實際提出了避免財務陷阱的措施。These include proposals to bring claims relating exclusively to examination fees for qualifying courses within the scope of self - education expenses under the salaries tax ; to remove the mandatory requirement that a car parking space must be valued together with the dwelling concerned as a single tenement in order to qualify for the home loan interest deduction under the salaries tax, so long as it is financed by the same home loan ; and to empower the board of review to extend the time for lodging notice of appeal in respect of assessments to additional tax.
這些修訂包括薪俸稅下，個人進修開支扣除額范圍應包括納稅人純粹申領為取得資格而參加考試所支付的考試費用不包括課程費用刪除一項在薪俸稅下為扣除按揭貸款利息，利用同一項居所貸款購買的泊車處可獲優惠的規定即必須和有關居所作為單一物業一併估價的強制性規定及授權稅務上訴委員會可延長就補加稅發出上訴通知的時間。When choosing evaluative indexes, we take four aspects of fatalness of sea level rise hazards, vulnerability of land system, socio - economic and ecological vulnerability, and defending ability. we draw the map based on the relief map and the land utilizing map of 1 : 100000 scale, gain altitude values ( range of 1 km 1 km ) and the fundamental data of evaluation in the studied area using the software of mapinfo and socio - economic statistic data
運用mapinfo軟體和社會經濟統計數據，以盤錦市1 ： 100000地形圖和土地利用圖作為底圖，獲得地面1km 1km范圍高程值以及評估單元基礎數據，並計算出在沒有防護、不同潮位背景、海平面上升不同高度的條件下，遼河三角洲未來海平面上升將淹沒的土地面積、受災人口和經濟損失，以及不同土地利用類型的淹沒面積及相應的經濟價值。This dissertation has a deep analysis and research on manufacturing system structure, order evaluating algorithm, order forecast of quote and delivery time, modeling method and programming technology. the order " s authenticity, rationality, feasibility, economy and product " s price and delivery are deeply analyzed. an idea that builds the order evaluating system by utilizing fuzzy synthetical evaluating and ahp algorithm is put forward
論文對製造系統結構、訂單評估演算法、訂單報價及交貨期預測、製造系統建模方法、程序實現技術等進行了深入地對比分析研究，並對訂單的真實性、合理性、可行性和經濟性進行了深入分析，提出了利用模糊綜合評估演算法和層次分析演算法相結合的方法來建立整個訂單評估系統的思想，並提出用當前比較先進的作業成本法來進行產品報價預測和利用ddb技術進行產品交貨期預測的思想。During the research, the author carried out the new methods. on the basis of combination of theoretical curriculum and practical curriculum, and the theory and the practice in curriculum structure, author puts forward the mode of the theory and practice unified teaching. it is instructed by the idea of ability - based teaching. on the basis of vocational analyses, form the mode of the curriculum system and set up the objections of three - section teaching, that is knowledge, ability and attitude. using the form of dividing students into groups, individualized teaching and individual form of organizational teaching to set up the interaction system of envaluation, through the method of co - operation and set up the main method of teaching mode of criterion evaluation and correcting in time. in the research, based on the theory suppose, the author used experiment methods as follows : 1 ) to develop curriculum and make up teaching outline and teaching plan, on the basis of analyzing of vocational post ability ; 2 ) to develop teaching resources on the basis of teaching materials ; 3 ) to draw attention on the ability - based on teaching ; 4 ) to carry out the teaching objections based on objective teaching ; 5 ) to get the aim both the teachers and students on the basis of applying the way of co - operation ; 6 ) to envaluate the teaching quality based on the ability of students
通過整合學術性課程與實踐性課程，使理論與實踐在課程結構上融為一體等理論假設基礎上，提出「理論與實踐一體化」教學模式的設想：把「能力本位」的教育理念作為指導思想；在職業能力分析的基礎上，形成模塊式的課程體系；確立知識、能力、態度三個層面上的教學目標；採取分組式教學、 「個性化」學習、個別化的輔導等教學組織形式；倡導師生合作學習的教學方法；建立綜合能力評價體系，注重形成性評價和及時反饋矯正。在具體嘗試過程中採取了以下具體做法： 1 、以職業崗位能力分析為依據，開發課程、編寫教學方案； 2 、充分開發和利用教學資源； 3 、教師進行精心的課前準備，確定教學目標、認真準備教學現場、認真準備教學清單； 4 、著眼于學生技能的形成，合理安排教學過程； 5 、師生合作學習，共同達標； 6 、以學生能力形成為依據，評估教學質量。分享友人