似然方程 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [sìránfāngchéng]
似然方程
英文
likelihood equation-
In the model the film thickness in the passage was obtained at first using two phase flow theory ; then, similar analysis solution of concentration distribution of the pollutant in liquid phase and biofilm was obtained through mass component equation of pollutant in gas - liquid phases combined with the biochemical kinetic equation of mass transfer in biofilm and dismission of oxygen limited ; at last, the distribution of pollutant along the filter height and the waste gas purification efficiency were obtained
該模型首先運用兩相流理論獲得了通道內液膜厚度，然後通過污染物在氣相、液相的質量組分方程，結合生物膜內的傳質與不?慮氧限制的生化反應動力學方程，獲得了污染物在液相和生物膜中濃度分佈的近似分析解，最終得到污染物在氣相中沿塔高的濃度分佈及廢氣凈化效率。Phylogeny analysis is performed with phylip software package and encoding sequence of bdnf gene. the phylogeny trees have been drawn with three different methods ( maximum parsimony method, genetic distance method and maximum likelihood method ), respectively. the analysis outcomes are not all consistent for the reason that it is closely related to the selected methods and the conservative level of the sequences
採用不同的統計學分析方法，最大簡約法（ maximumparsimonymethod ） 、最大似然法（ maximumlikelihoodmethod ）和遺傳距離法（ geneticdistancemethod ） ，得到了物種系統發育進化樹，但拓撲結構並不完全一致，這是可能是因為分子系統學研究與採用的分析方法和所選基因的保守程度即作為分子標記的可信度密切相關。Then, it is possible to define a state - space representation of the fractional model, which permits to approximate the continuous - time response of an ideal system
然後，可以定義非整數階模型的狀態方程實現，它允許近似理想非整數階系統的連續時間響應。In this paper, we expand eigenvalue of poisson equation using bilinear element, by the formulation of the error expanition, we can conclude that it is a upper bound. and by two numerical example, we computer the approximate eigenvalue of poisson equation in square and l - shape domains, then we analyses the approximate eigenvalue. we also extraplate the error expansion and enhance the accuracy of the eigenvalue form the second order to the forth order
本論文對poisson方程的特徵值採用雙線性元進行展開，得到了誤差展開式，通過誤差展開式，我們能得到特徵值是上界。通過數值算例，計算方形與l形區域上的poisson方程的近似特徵值，並對數據進行分析，驗證了理論的正確性，然後通過對誤差展開式外推，收斂級數可以從二階提高到四階，得到了高精度的解。First, we concisely recall the formation and development of bose - einstein condensa - tion ' s theory and it ' s experimentation. secondly, we briefly intro - duce some properties of weakly interactive bose gases, and derive the nonlinear gross - pitaevskii equation that is the condensate macroscopic wave function ' s equation. thirdly, we give a exam - pie, an approximation analytical solution of the gross - pitaevskii equation in a spherical symmetric harmonic trap is derived by a perturbation theory approach, this solution is consistent with that numerically obtained
全文共分為四章：第一章首先簡要的介紹和回顧了玻色-愛因斯坦凝聚理論的產生和發展，以及其實驗研究的過程，然後著重介紹了弱相互作用的玻色氣體的一些性質，並推導出了凝聚體宏觀波函數滿足非線性的gp方程，還以球對稱的諧振子勢為例，用標準的微擾方法求出了定態的gp方程近似解，發現其與已知的數值結果符合得很好。We construct cost function which combines the likelihood function and boundary constraint function
它利用似然函數和邊界約束方程構造代價函數，來描述區域特徵。We expand the eigenvalue of possion equation using wilson nonconforming element. by the formulation of the error expanition, we can not conclude whether it is a upper bound or a lowr bound. but we guess it is a lower bound, and by two numerical example, we find thatwe are right. we also extraplate the error expansion and enhance the accuracy of the eigenvalue from second order to third order
通過數值算例，計算方行與l行區域上的poisson方程的近似特徵值，並對數據進行分析，驗證了我們的推測是正確的，然後通過對誤差展開式外推，收斂階數可以從二階提高到三階，得到了高精度的解。There are no other additive integrals of the motion. thus every closed system has seven such integrals : energy, three components of momentum, and three components of angular momentum
這七個運動積分具有可加性固然不錯，但為什麼只有這七個呢？前面說積分常數就是運動積分（或許還包括它們的線性組合吧） ，而運動方程都是線性的，似乎那些運動積分都具有相加性啊？The important parts of this work consist of : 1. the high frequency asymptotic evaluation of wave equations in nonhomogeneous medium by maslov ' s method is systematically studied, and formulations of the high frequency asymptotic evaluation in nonhomogeneous medium which varying only in one direction are constructed
本論文的工作作為國家自然科學基金地震波傳播與成像項目（ no . 40174032 ）的一部分，得到如下結果： （一）論文分析了利用maslov方法求解非均勻介質中波動方程高頻近似解的基本原理和求解過程，構造了介質系數只在一個方向變化時波動方程高頻近似解的通用計算公式。By the help of matrix and difference equation, we give an expression of likelihood function of normal distribution ma ( 0, 1 ) sequence, which has important application in mordem control theory
藉助矩陣和差分方程，具體給出了在實際中具有重要應用的一類數學模型? ?正態ma （ 0 ， 1 ）序列的似然函數的一種顯式表示，即具體表示成了模型參數的函數Abstract : the sequentially censored statistical testing scheme of success ratio, of which the deducing process is based on probability ratio or likelihood ratio, is commonly used in reliability demonstration test
摘要：成功率序貫截尾統計試驗方案是可靠性驗證試驗中的一種常用方案，其理論推導過程基於「概率比」或「似然比」 。In chapter two, we consider the non - ruin probability. in section one. by adapting the techniques in [ 5 ], we obtain the integral expression of non - ruin probability in section two, firstly, we prove the twice continuous differentiability of non - ruin probability, then we obtain the integral - differential equation satisfied by ( u ) in section three, we introduce the auxiliary function e ( u ). as u = 0, gives 0
類似於[ 5 ]中的方法得到不破產概率滿足的積分表達式在第二節中，首先證明了不破產概率的二次連續可微性，然後得到不破產概率滿足的積分-微分方程由於不破產概率零初值時的值不確定，我們在第三節中引入了輔助函數e _ （ u ） ，使得u 0時， e _ （ 0 ） 0 。The same conclusion as derived from the original pda under approximate condition is concluded this way without any approximations. the second method is the instant - state performance prediction based on the hyca method. this method not only gives the off - line recursive error variance relation, but also gets a series of performance measurement such as track life
然後應用兩種方法對其進行性能估計和預測，一是基於riccati方程的穩態性能估計，其結果與pda演算法近似條件下得出的結論相同；二是基於hyca方法的瞬態性能預測，不僅給出了誤差方差的離線遞推關系，而且得到了航跡壽命等一系列性能指標的估計值。This feature reflects the physical phenomenon of breaking of waves and development of shock waves. in the fields of fulid dynamics, ( 0. 2. 1 ) is an approximation of small visvosity phenomenon. if viscosity ( or the diffusion term, two derivatives ) are added to ( 0. 2. 1 ), it can be researched in the classical way which say that the solutions become very smooth immediately even for coarse inital data because of the diffusion of viscosity. a natural idea ( method of regularity ) is obtained as follows : solutions of the viscous convection - diffusion pr oblem approachs to the solutions of ( 0. 2. 1 ) when the viscosity goes to zeros. another method is numerical method such as difference methods, finite element method, spectrum method or finite volume method etc. numerical solutions which is constructed from the numerical scheme approximate to the solutions of the hyperbolic con - ervation laws ( 0. 2. 1 ) as the discretation parameter goes to zero. the aim of these two methods is to construct approximate solutions and then to conside the stability of approximate so - lutions ( i, e. the upper bound of approximate solutions in the suitable norms, especally for that independent of the approximate parameters ). using the compactness framework ( such as bv compactness, l1 compactness and compensated compactness etc ) and the fact that the truncation is small, the approximate function consquence approch to a function which is exactly the solutions of ( 0. 2. 1 ) in some sense of definiton
當考慮粘性后，即在數學上反映為（ 0 . 1 . 1 ）中多了擴散項（二階導數項） ，即使很粗糙的初始數據，解在瞬間內變的很光滑，這由於流體的粘性擴散引起，這種對流-擴散問題可用古典的微分方程來研究。自然的想法就是當粘性趨于零時，帶粘性的對流-擴散問題的解在某意義下趨于無粘性問題（ 0 . 1 . 1 ）的解，這就是正則化方法。另一辦法從離散（數值）角度上研究僅有對流項的守恆律（ 0 . 1 . 1 ） ，如構造它的差分格式，甚至更一般的有限體積格式，有限元及譜方法等，從這些格式構造近似解（常表現為分片多項式）來逼近原守恆律的解。It comes up with a new notion, d - solution, which is applied to the distance estimation, by virtue of hilbert space ; furthermore, the dissertation has gained a necessary condition which is identity of minimum mean - square value in linear function classes, so that d - solution extends minimum mean - square value within the domain of nonlinear function equation or equation system ; and, the dissertation studies in detail the classical moment estimation and maximal likelihood estimation on the parameters of ar ( p ), a series of theorems in the estimation section shows the moment estimators are consistent on the ground of large samples jikewise, those distribution functions of the estimated parameters accord to maximum likelihood estimation converge gauss distribution if the white noise is gaussan
首先，藉助hilbert空間理論，提出了距離估計的d -解，給出了d -解的必要條件，這個條件在線性函數類里即是極小二乘估計法， d -解的必要條件滿足的方程實質上將極小二乘估計法推廣到多函數及非線性函數類。再而，詳細地研究了多元弱平穩序列自回歸模型ar （ p ）的參數經典的矩的替代估計和極大似然估計，獲得矩的替代估計的一致性的結果。對基於gauss白噪聲假設多元弱平穩序列自回歸模型的均值、白噪聲的協方差陣的極大似然估計都有依分佈收斂到多元正態分佈的統計性質。In view of chaotic systems composed of a sum of a linear and nonlinear part, a compensative control method using radial basis function networks is proposed, the rbf networks trained can eliminate the nonlinear part of the chaotic system, the resulting system is dominated by the linear part
然後針對大多數混沌非線性系統由線性函數和非線性函數兩部分構成的特點，用rbf網路補償系統非線性部分，使原系統變成近似線性系統，再結合線性狀態反饋控制技術，對lorenz方程和duffing振子進行了非線性補償控制。In the second part, we consider a class of reaction - diffusion equations in developmental biology. near the bifurcation points, using the liapunove - schmidt reduction process, we obtain the nontrivial solution branches which are bifurcated from the trival solution when the parameter changes
然後考慮發育生物學中一類反應擴散方程組，在分歧點附近利用liapunov - schmidt約化技巧，得到了從平凡解分歧出來的隨參數變化的非平凡解枝以及它們的近似解析表達。At first, it uses the nsga - ii for obtaining the approximate pareto optimization solutions. then, local search is run with previous each solution to find a better solution using the mode search algorithm
該演算法首先利用nsga -演算法得到近似的pareto最優解；然後以增廣的加權tchebycheff方程作為評價函數，採用模式搜索法對由nsga -演算法得到的每個解再進行局部優化。First, we simply introduced the optical wave - guide theory : the fluctuation equations of planar wave - guide and the preparation of embranchment wave - guide. then based on maxwell equations and in the paraxial limit we deduced the formula needed in calculating fd - bpm. the refractive index section was n ( x, y )
然後我們在maxwell方程的基礎上，根據慢包絡近似理論，在折射率截面為n （ x ， z ）的條件下，利用有限差分近似來代替偏微分方程，推出了有限差分光束傳播法計算所需要的公式。Such variatio in size ， shape ， chemistry ， conduction eed ， excitation threshold ， and the like as had been demo trated in nerve cells remained negligible in significance for any po ible correlation with the manifold dime io of mental experience
類似於這些已經被在神經細胞中證明的在大孝形狀、化學過程、產生的速度、興奮閾值及其類似的方面上所發生變化，當他們被用來與大腦的體驗以可能的方式聯系起來的時候，他們在重要性上仍然是微不足道的。分享友人