倍差法 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [bèichāfǎ]
倍差法
英文
difference-in-difference-
The methods of direct measurement with low precision such as frequency and time interval methods and the methods of indirect measurement with high precision such as beat frequency method, dual mixer time difference method and frequency difference multiplying method are supported on the platform. the fundamentals of each method are studied. the quantization error is analysed and the illustration is given for each method
該平臺支持直接頻率和時差法兩種較低精度的測量方法以及雙混頻時差法、差拍頻率法和頻差倍增法高精度的簡接測量方法，本文研究了各種測量方法的原理，對各種測量方法的量化誤差作了分析，並給出具體的實例。90 % uv below 400nm could be shielded by the nano - sio2 sol. the time of the artificial aging of nano - sio2 - modified coatings prepared by the way of in - situ dispersion method was about twice as long as that of the nano - sio2 - modified coatings prepared by dispersing the nano - sio2 powder in the coating directly. on the other hand, the fadeproof time ( reaching the second level of color aberration ) of the nano - sio2 - modified coatings was 1. 83 times as long as that of the national standard for the super coatings
實驗證明:納米510 :溶膠具有很強的紫外散射屏蔽性能，對400nm以下的紫外光能屏蔽90 %以上;在位分散法納米510 :改性塗料的耐人工老化粉化時間比直接分散法納米510 :改性塗料提高了近1倍，耐變色時間（達到色差2級的時間）是國標優等品要求的1 . 83倍，較相應的未改性塗料提高了約25 % 。Research area is characteristic of heterosphere obviously, which mainly manifests that distribution, thichness and extent of delelopping of sand body is not symmetrical. difference of transverse permeating rate is more 10 times than longitudinal permeating rate. the research indicates : the principle productive formation at this area is the member of h8x, h8s on the lower hezi formation that are good reservoir
研究區儲層非均質性明顯，主要表現為砂體分佈不均勻、厚度不均，發育程度不一，滲透率縱橫向差異均在10倍以上等；儲層發育較好的層段是山西組山1段，是本區的主要產層；神經網路技術對于儲層物性參數的預測是一種比較有效的方法；儲層綜合評價指數對于儲層的評價具有一定的理論和現實意義。Y chromosome is transmitted in the form of hap - loid, leading to extreme disequilibrium of y chromosome genetic markers distribution in different population. the prerequisite of str application in forensic medicine is establishment of a database of population y - str loci haplotype distribution. therefore we need to form haplotypes by using the known highly polymorphic str loci and detect more local population
由於y染色體呈單倍體遺傳，導致y染色體遺傳標記在不同人群中的分佈極不平衡，群體差異比常染色體str位點更加顯著，在法醫學應用的前提條件是：建立含有多個y - str位點的單倍型的群體分佈數據庫。Fpga and dvb standard are introduced firstly, dvb - c standard and composition of its system are analyzed completely, development of modulator structure and dvb - c digital modulator composition are presented, more over, analysis of respective modular are given. then, principle of dvb - c digital modulator system are presented, they are error control technique 、 mqam 、 nyquist rule and root raised cosine filter 、 window design method for fir filter 、 multi - rate signal processing ( integer interpolating, conversion of fractional sampling, equal conversion of net structure, polyphase structure for filter, poly - phase structure for interpolator, multi - stage implementation of samplying conversion ) 、 distrubited algorithm 、 cic filter 、 dds 、 cordic algorithm
接著，專門利用一個章節闡述了dvb - c前端調制系統原理，他們了差錯控制技術、多進制調制（ mqam ） 、 nyquist準則與平方根升餘弦濾波器、有限沖擊響應濾波器的窗函數設計法、多抽樣率信號處理包括（整數倍內插原理、分數倍抽樣率轉換、網路結構的等效結構、濾波器的多相表示、內插器的多相表示、抽樣率轉換的多級實現） 、分散式演算法、 cic濾波器、直接數字頻率合成（ dds ） 、 cordic演算法。The modern robust design detailed the robust design based on engineering model, which explained the specific design process, the whole process from founding system model to solving it. it obtained the optimum combination of parameters and the maximum manufacturing errors, using fuzzy comprehensive judgment to dispose the problem of many targets, handling the design results by fuzzy probability to increase the reliability of the design. in the end, there supplied an example, the optimization design of a long distance hydraulic cylinder to interpret the specific design process, achieving its optimum combination and the maximum manufacturing errors, and verifying the practicability of the design results by the method of fuzzy probability analysis
在第二部分的基於試驗設計的穩健設計中，先對傳統的穩健設計，即三次設計（功能設計、參數設計及容差設計）的設計過程及原理進行了分析，指出了傳統穩健設計法中的不足，即沒有充分利用數字計算機的強大優勢；對于多因素多指標的設計，試驗周期長、計算復雜等造成設計周期長、成本高、效率低等缺點提出了改進的措施，即將虛擬現實技術應用於傳統的穩健設計中，通過模糊數學的方法（模糊綜合評判）來處理設計中的多指標問題，使設計達到事半功倍的效果。By taking advantages of epipolar line features and depth discontinuities in reference 中國科學院 軟件 研究所 博士 學位 論文 基于 圖 象 的 快速 繪制 技術 的 研究 images ， an efficient inverse wmping algorithm is pfoposed in chapter 3 for gcnerating nagcs of novel views by combining multiple eference images 帆 enhm different vie 呷 oints because continuous segnents determi 。 d by pairs ofedge pixels at co 。 spending epipolar lines are order kept ， only pairs of edge pixels in the reference 渝 明 e e necess 叨 口 cowute to obtain generalized disparity of all points in the desired image as a result ， sighficant acceleraion could be made in the endering pfo 比 鴕 two accelerating techiq 此 s e presented in this algori 山 mb accelerate the hole illing process his algorithm extends the reference images rom projection of single col ： ii ’ ected surface in previously developed nvnverse w 出 下 er to ima 驢 s captured rom complex scene in chapter 4 ， an 《 dent ibr method is prese 庇 仙 y takn ull 訕 antage of 呷 bies c 咖 the method can simulate the 3d details on sllri ： ace of object successfully he 。 叩 proach ， called rered ature mopmp consists of two pans at fst ， an origi 。 ltexture with orthogonal displacements per pixel is deco 啊 osed into a series of new t6 刀 mfcs with each 他 lug a given displacement per pixel ， called ae ， ea atures ， or lt hen hese lt e used to render the novel view by conventional texture mapping d avoid gaps n the endered hlla 驢 ， some phels are to be interpolated nd extended in the 廠 kaccoding to the depth differe eee between two neighbor pixels in the original texture as these ltlt fc … e much storage nd therefore much time is equired to install ltlt into the text ’ ufc buffec an 舊 thod is pfoposed to co 呷 fcss the ltlt ， nd the cottcspondingfclldering method is given experimental esults show that the new method is efficient ， especially n rendering those objects with a smaller depth rnge compared withtheir size ， such as relief surfaces of building
與己有的三維變換方法相比較，該方法不但成功地填補了由於投影區域擴張而產生的第一類空洞，而且成功地填補了由於空間深度非連續物體相互遮擋而產生的第二類空洞，從而方便地實現了虛擬環境中的漫遊；基於物體表面深度的連續性，本文提出了一個位移預測方法? ?此方法可以從單幅參考圖象獲得逆映射過程中所需要的目標圖象的位移信息，從而大大提高了演算法的效率：與通常的正向映射演算法相比，此演算法克服了多幅參考圖象所帶來的計算量成倍增長等問題，而且誤差較小。 2 ）基於極線幾何的快速逆映射演算法。利用參考圖象的邊界信息與隱含的遮擋關系，以及極線幾何的性質，本文第三章提出了一個基於極線幾何的快速3 『一中國科學院軟體研究所博士學位論文基於圖象的快速繪制技術的研究逆映射演算法，從多幅參考圖象精確合成當前視點目標圖象。The genotype is a main factor in the genetic transformation via agrobacteriwn - mediated. the results of orthogonal experiments of the factors which affect mainly the transformation illuminates that the erniuxin genotype + bacterium 15 x + explant + dip - dye is the best one. the cocultivation time is 28 days. the experiment shows that : the erniuxin cotyledon regeneration frequency is very high, and that the dongnong901 hypocotyl regeneration frequency is very high
確立了農桿菌介導轉化過程中基因型是影響轉化率的主要因素。通過極差分析，基因型為「二牛心」 ，菌液濃度15倍的，外植體為子葉，感染方法為浸泡法是最佳的組合。農桿菌與外植體共培養的時間為28h 。We propose in this paper an evaluation method for the transient performance of das, through the period signal, by utilizing the much smaller difference than sampling period between the multi - periods of signal and the multi - sampling periods, getting shorter equivalent sampling period ( i. e. higher equivalent sampling rate ), which is derived from input signal period and sampling period, and then, the problem that how to get the transient performance of das has been solved. the transfer function of das is then evaluated and identified, and practical test results are also presented
本文介紹一種方法，通過對其加載特定的周期性輸入信號，使用采樣周期的整數倍和信號周期整數倍間的微小偏差，獲得比實際采樣周期小得多的等效采樣周期，從而解決了數據採集系統瞬態響應特性的獲取問題；並進而獲得了數據採集系統傳遞函數的辨識和評價結果，實現了數據採集系統瞬態特性的總體評價。One end face of optical fiber sample sets on the carring - table of the micr - oscope is observed, selecting appropriate amplification, afterwards, take a ph - otograph with a ccd camera, then the picture was sent to the computer by the photograph - gathering card. the image is processed with a software automatic - ally, so this method can reduce artificial errors
具體方法是：將待測光纖製成品的一段樣品橫截面置於顯微鏡下，經顯微鏡放大，選擇合適的放大倍數，然後用ccd攝像頭攝像，利用圖像採集卡將放大后的圖像採集進計算機，利用圖像處理技術，通過軟體進行處理，從而實現處理過程的完全自動化，減少人為測量誤差。The main part and key technique of the cpa system is study : the generation of the femtosecond laser pulse is study, the modulation and maintenance of the ti : s laser is learned ; the types of the measurement for ultrashort laser pulse is generalized and the interferometric autocorrelation is expatiated ; the varieties of the stretchers is sum up and aberration - free stretcher is calculated and optimized to improve the stretching ratio ; the pulse selection is analyzed and a single pulse can be selected successful from the pulse train at a repetition rate of 82mhz ; the kinds of the amplifier in cpa system is gathered up, the eight - pass pre - amplifier and a good many effects in it is investigated. finally, the second, third and fourth - order dispersions in cpa system is analyzed systemicly, and the according means for dispersion compensation is worked out
對cpa系統的主要環節及關鍵技術進行了研究：掌握了鈦寶石激光器的調節和維護技術，較深入地研究了飛秒激光脈沖產生的機理，其中對群速色散、自相位調制、自鎖模等問題進行了詳盡的分析；總結了超短激光脈沖的測量技術，重點研究了干涉自相關測量法；在總結展寬器類型的基礎上，對無象差展寬器進行了理論計算、優化設計，提高了展寬倍數；深入論述了脈沖列的選單問題，熟練掌握了脈沖選單技術。In trade wind regions, the biases in fluxes from the biases in algorithm are about 3 - 4 times of the biases in the fundamental flux - related variables and 1 - 2 times in equatorial regions. in the most area of tropical atlantic, the evaluation of magnitude and time series trends of flux in whoi are more accurate than ncep1 and ncep2
結果認為ncep1和ncep2產品中，由演算法所帶來的誤差在信風區遠遠大於赤道區；在信風區，由演算法所帶來的誤差是基本變量所帶來的誤差的3 - 4倍，在赤道區，為1 - 2倍。The structural characterization of v _ 2o _ 5 compounds were measured bymeans of differential thermoanalysis ( dta ) and thermogravimetry ( tg ), scanning electron microscopy ( sem ), and x - ray diffraction ( xrd ). the testsreveale that materials which were prepared by sol - gel ( inorganic sol gel andmelting - coling ) showed that the amorphous structure, and the interlayer spacingenlarge a lot than that of crystalline v _ 2o _ 5
採用熱重與差熱（ tg - dta ） ，掃描電子顯微鏡（ sem ） ， x射線衍射（ xrd ）等測試手段對材料的結構性能進行表徵，結果顯示兩種溶膠-凝膠法（無機溶膠凝膠法和熔融淬冷法）制備的v _ 2o _ 5材料均為無定型結構，其層面間距均比晶體v _ 2o _ 5成倍增大。The main work has been finished in paper is below : 1. all kinds of structure of low - voltage op - amp were compared and analyzed, such as the three - times current, redundant difference pair, dc level shifter input stage, large current output, very low - voltage output stage. 2
對國內外的相關研究動態做了廣泛的調研，仔細比較了各種實現電路的優缺點，如輸入級的三倍電流鏡法、冗餘差分對法、電平移位法等，輸出級的大擺幅輸出級、超低電壓輸出級等。For the application of sic devices to radiation fields, it is important to know the irradiation effects and characteristics of sic materials and devices. the main contributions in this thesis are as following : temperature - and electric field - dependent electron transport in 6h - s1c is studied by single - particle monte carlo technique. the physical model used in the simulation is developed considering the main scattering mechanisms in details
為了能充分發揮sic抗輻照的優勢和潛力，本文首先對sic區別于常規半導體的特性作了系統的研究：用單粒子montecarlo方法研究了6h - sic的電子輸運規律，模擬的結果體現了6h - sic具有良好的高溫和高場特性以及遷移率的各項異性，其橫向遷移率和縱向遷移率相差近5倍。The sensitivity of the ternary complex reaction is very high with molar absorptivity of 1. 2 x105. the detection limits better than 0. 3 ug / l can be achieved
以三倍空白的平均標準偏差計，方法的檢出限為0 . 3 g l 。In this dissertation, the research trends for the problem have been introduced ; the ‘ dim ’ and ‘ point ’ has been strictly defined in mathematics from machine vision and human vision ; the ideal clutter suppression system based on clutter predication and the realization and evaluation of evaluation index has been studied, in succession the clutter suppression technologies have been researched. firstly, the classic nonparametric algorithm has been analyzed in detail and systematically, for it ’ s weakness that it cannot remove the non - stationary clutter ideally, kalman filter algorithm for clutter suppression in 2d image signal has been built. secondly, fast adaptive kalman filter is presented based on fast wide - sense stationary areas partition algorithm : limited combination and division algorithm based on quarti - tree algorithm, new taxis filter route algorithm which can break through the limitation of the necessity of pixel neighborhood of 2d filter and laplace data model with two parameters which is perfectly suitable for the residual image of kalman clutter suppression
首先分析了經典的非參數法，對於四種具有代表性的核，從前述的三個性能評價方面做了分析和對比，指出了其速度快的優點和對非平穩圖像適應性差的弱點，針對非參數法的弱點，重點研究了對非平穩圖像適應良好的卡爾曼雜波抑制技術:建立了非平穩圖像的類自回歸模型，在此基礎上建立了二維卡爾曼濾波基礎的兩個方程:狀態方程和測量方程;建立了非平穩圖像準平穩區域快速劃分演算法:基於四叉樹法的有限分裂合併演算法;二維空間的基於k排序的濾波路線演算法，突破了空域濾波路線上區域相鄰的限制;在這些研究的基礎上實現了快速卡爾曼估計，實驗驗證了該方法相對逐點卡爾曼估計可以提高運算速度三倍左右;雜波抑制結果表明傳統的高斯性檢驗並不適合卡爾曼估計后的殘余圖像，由此建立了殘余圖像的雙參數拉普拉斯模型，實驗表明其可以完好的吻合殘余圖像的概率密度曲線。Theoretically, this quadrature can classify image blocks effectively, which bring out big speed - up ratio in fractal encoding ; and this feature is a continuous value, which enables us to adjust the quality of decoded images by changing the number of classes. our experimental results show that, comparing with exhaustive search, when the class number is 25, we obtain 20 times speed - up ratio, with only image degeneration of 2. 08db, at the same compression ratio
_ }速比;這種不變量也是連續量，大量的數值實驗表明，因此還可通過改變分類數目來調竹解碼圖像的質量在壓縮比相同的前提下，與全局搜索法相比，塊分為25類時，可取得約20倍的加速比，而解碼質量只相差2A diploid - dependent regulatory apparatus was proposed by prof. luo et al to regulate gene expression. the haploid condition results in obstruction of gene expression and abnormal development because the diploid - dependent regulatory apparatus will regulate gene expression in the haploid embryos according to the same rule as in the diploid embryos. to study the difference at the protein expression level of the embryos of haploid and diploid in development and to identify the important proteins associated with the embryonic development, we extracted the total proteins of both the gynogenetic haploid and diploid embryos of goldfish in the same eye formation stages ( divided into the substages of he - 1 and de - 1, he - 2 and de - 2, he - 3 and d e ~ 3 respectively )
為了研究在金魚雌核發育單倍體和二倍體胚胎發育過程中的蛋白質表達水平的差異，並鑒定一些與發育相關的重要蛋白質，我們以遺傳背景一致的金魚雌核發育單倍體和正常二倍體的相應眼睛形成的發育階段的胚胎為材料（ 3個時期，分別為he - 1和de - 1 ， he - 2和de - 2 ， he - 3和de - 3 ） ，然後提取胚胎的全蛋白，用二維聚丙烯酰胺凝膠電泳的方法進行蛋白質點的分離，獲得了質量較好的凝膠圖譜，結果顯示大部分蛋白質點分佈在ph5 - 10 ，相對分子質量在10000 - 50000da 。This research established an estimating model of pinus massoniana stand volume with the elements as variates directly obtained from rs and the conditions of stand that were extracted from 130 samples of pinus massoniana stand from the fifth forest resource continuous investigation data in min - jiang watershed and flitered by the thrice standard deviation method and liner regression method and the correlation coefficient is 0. 735 the suitability and precision of the model were tested and regression analysised with data that were extracted from another 30 samples
摘要從福建省第5次森林資源一類調查落在閩江流域的樣地中抽取馬尾松林樣地130個，以rs可提取因子及樣地林分立地條件因子為可選變量，利用3倍標準差法進行異常數據的篩選，對林分立地條件定性因子進行數量化處理，通過逐步回歸構建閩江流域馬尾松林分蓄積量估測模型，研究結果所構建的蓄積量估測模型的相關系數為0 . 735 。分享友人