債因 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zhàiyīn]
債因
英文
obligandi causa-
Our protection system of inheritance obligation should be improved in entity and procedure in all sides. in entity, basic principles should be confirmed that inheritance obligation must be protected by law ; the recognition of inheritance must be based on lawful status, assisted by a proviso ; the denoted properties from the decedent to the heir due to marriage, business, a mensa et thoro and so on after the decedent ' s death should be regarded as inheritance. inheritance obligation should only be that caused by the decedent ' s behavior, based on public law and private law
我國的遺產債權保護機制應從實體和程序兩個方面全方位的予以改造? ?在實體法方面：首先確立「遺產債權受法律保護的基本原則」 ，遺產的界定應以法律地位說為基礎，另輔以但書，被繼承人生前對繼承人因結婚、營業、分居等事項所受之贈與應視為遺產，遺產債務只能是被繼承人生前行為所引起的公法和私法意義上的債務，不包括繼承費用，繼承費用雖由遺產支付，但只屬遺產的負擔。Here comes a story about three people with sliding fortune : a gangster running away from mafias after killing their boss ; an ex - doctor who has just got out of prison because of his malpractice ; and a woman with serious liver aliment escaping from debt collectors because of her heavy spending on shopping
這是一個關於三個人的故事：一個剛剛殺掉社團首領，正在逃跑的社團成員一個因診治失當被判入獄，剛從獄中步出社會的醫生一個患有肝病，因購物而借下巨債，正在逃避債主的女人。First, it reduced any incentive the bcra might have had to devalue the peso by converting its liabilities into us dollars a measure of greater significance for argentina than for hong kong, since banks clearing balances in the former also include statutory liquidity deposits
首先，這項措施把阿根廷央行的負債轉為美元，從而減低了阿根廷央行把披索貶值的誘因這項措施對阿根廷的影響比香港大，因為前者的銀行結算餘額包括法定流動資金存款。Research on managerial principles of export credit insurance, including exposition on fundamental principles of insurance, i. e. utmost honesty and credibility, insurance interest, compensation for loss, basic connotation of proximate cause and its application in export credit insurance. it will also include research on some special applicable principles in export credit insurance, such as risk sharing, insurance fee, buyer ' s credit quota application, blanket insurance, indemnity waiting period, and claim persistence, etc
其中包括：對保險法基本原則即最大誠信、保險利益、損失補償、近因的基本內涵及其對出口信用保險的適用進行論述；對出口信用保險中適用的風險共擔、保險費、買方信用限額申請、統保、賠款等待期、債權不放棄等特殊原則進行研究。At present, our country enact the defined interest rate policy, the interest rate is not marketed, but our country reinforce market economy, the method of government debt bond market clean price trade is adopted, the government bond debt index of the stock exchange institution of shanghai, the usage of the usa bid in the government debt bond market, the market factors are more and more t influence the government debt bond market benefit, the marketed interest rate is on the agenda
現階段，我國實行利率管制，利率沒有市場化，但我國實行市場經濟，目前國債市場採用凈價交易，我國的國債法即將出臺，上海證券交易所的國債指數運行，國債發行市場美國招標使用，國債發行流通日益市場化，市場因素越來越在國債市場發揮巨大作用，利率市場化已經走上了日程。The lessee will, therefore, be asked to submit his balance sheet and his profit and his profit and loss accounts for the past three years, in addition to his budget plans for the years to come
因此租賃人除了要提供今後若年的預算計劃，還要提供過去三年的資產負債表和損益賬目清單。2 ) the principal factors result in earning management include : clientage - agent model, debt covenant, political cost covenant, asymmetrical information, accounting policy, faultiness of accounting standard and accounting system
盈餘管理形成機制的主要因素包括：委託代理關系、債務契約關系、政治成本假設、非對稱信息存在、會計政策選擇、會計準則和會計制度的不完善、信息披露制度不完善、上市公司治理結構等。Broadly speaking, guaranty legal relation should include three contractual relations and three interested persons, that is, the relation of obligatory right and debt between obligee and debtor, the clientage between debtor and guarantor, and the guaranty relation between guarantor and obligee. so the counterplead right of guarantor to obligee comes from not only the guaranty contract between the two parties, but also the major contract between obligee and debtor. thus guarantor has both the exclusive and general counterplead rights
從廣義角度看，保證法律關系應當包含三個合同關系、三方當事人，即債權人和債務人的債權債務關系，債務人和保證人的委託關系，保證人和債權人的保證關系，因此，保證人對債權人享有的抗辯權不僅僅來自雙方的保證合同，還來自債權人與債務人簽訂的主合同，故而擁有了一般抗辯權和專屬抗辯權。This paper has following main views : according to the contract benefited to the third party : firstly the third party gets rights to demand debtor performing the duty. secondly creditor has rights to ask debtor to perform his duty to the third party, and if debtor does n ' t perform his duty, creditor also has rights to claim for compensating his loss resulted from debtor. thirdly debtor can use the rights of counterplea derived from the contract to oppose the third party
本文的主要觀點有：在為第三人利益合同中，第三人擁有直接請求債務人履行債務的權利；債權人同時享有請求債務人向第三人履行債務的權利，債權人對因可歸責于債務人的事由而對自己所造成的損害有權請求賠償；債務人可以合同所產生的一切抗辯來對抗因合同受益的第三人。This part dissertates the concrete forms and constitution parts of infraction upon rights of obligee, pointing out that two forms are direct and indirect infraction and five constitution parts are : rights of obligee are legal ; infraction conductor has subject bad faith ; infraction conductor actualizes the delict ; rights of obligee are damaged ; the damage is the consequence of the infraction action
在這部分中，重點論述了侵害債權的具體形態及構成要件，指出可分為直接侵害和間接侵害兩種侵害債權的形態。分析了其構成要件： 1 ，債權為合法債權； 2 ，侵權行為人對于其行為主觀上具有惡意； 3 ，侵權人實施了不法行為； 4 ，債權人受到損害。 5 ，侵害債權的行為與損害後果有因果關系。Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law
再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。The author suggests that our country should perfect the preemptive right of shareholders to subscribe to new share in order to protect the proportional benefits of shareholders in company ; meanwhile the rigid disinvestment system should be improved. at last the responsibilities of directors for increasing and decreasing company ' s capital illegally should be strengthened in order to make shareholders treated equitably and prevent directors from fighting for controlling power of company and other personal benefits
之後指出，我國應完善股東的新股認購權制度，以保護股東在公司的比例性利益； 7t化的減資制度應予改善，對因虧損而減資，不必設置債揪異議程序，為餓東在公司增減資本中獲得公平的橢，防止董事藉此爭奪公司控制權或謀取其他私利，應強化董事在公司違法增減資本中的責任。His feckless behaviour landed him in court for debt
他沒出息的行為使他因債務上了法庭。Once the creditor ' s rights that assures because of this guaranty cannot come true, hypothec person has authority to appeal to at law, so that realize creditor ' s rights, the requirement auctions this room
因為該抵押擔保的債權一旦不能實現，抵押權人有權訴之於法律，要求拍賣該房以便實現債權。Gilts ( short for gilt - edged securities ) are not shares but stock issued by the government and therefore reckoned to be safest of all
國債（金邊證券的簡稱）不是股票，而是政府發行的公債，因此被認為是最安全的。Many people are never out of debt because they buy everything on time.
許多人永遠欠債，因為他們無論買什麼都是分期付款。Keeping the bank going may offer taxpayers a better chance of getting their money back, if it can be sold once conditions in the housing and credit markets improve
繼續經營該銀行更有可能償還欠納稅人的債，因為一旦售房情況和貸方市場有所好轉，可以將其拋售。The three main conclusions are drawn : ( i ) by choosing 19 financial indexes, this paper makes a demonstrative analysis of the annals data of the listed companies in henan province in 2004 via factor analysis method, and finds out five principle factors which have important modifying effect on the evaluation of achievements of the listed companies. they are profit factor which represents the reward structure of the listed companies, the gained profit factor which represents the profitability of the companies, the debt service factor which represents solvency of the company, the management factor which represents the managed capacity of the companies and the development factor which represents the capacity for development. each principle factor multiplying its corresponding variance contribute rate get the synthesis score of each company respectively, consequently this paper makes an comprehensive evaluation of each company
主要得出以下三個結論: （一） 、選取19個財務指標，用因子分析法對2004年河南省上市公司年報數據進行實證分析，找出對上市公司業績評價有重要影響的五個主因子，分別是代表上市公司利潤構成的利潤因子、代表公司獲利能力的獲利因子、代表公司償債能力的償債因子、代表公司經營能力的經營因子和代表公司發展能力的發展因子，綜合各個主因子得分乘以他們相應的方差貢獻率，得到各個公司的綜合得分，從而對各個公司的優劣作出一個綜合評價。Many less developed countries are in debt because they borrowed money from richer countries in order to develop industry
許多不太發達的國家都負了債，因為它們從較富裕的國家借錢來發展工業。The corporation was able to achieve a substantial saving in funding cost by adopting a pre - funding strategy to capture market opportunities in the first half of 2000 to issue debts at sub - hibor levels after swapping the proceeds into floating rate obligations
按揭證券公司採取積極的預先集資策略，在年上半年把握有利的市場機會，以經利率掉期后低於港元銀行同業拆息的息率發債，因而大大減低資金成本。分享友人