動作自由度 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [dòngzuòyóu]
動作自由度 英文
degree of freedom of motion
  • : Ⅰ代詞(自己) self; oneself; one s own Ⅱ副詞(自然;當然) certainly; of course; naturally; willin...
  • : causereason
  • : 度動詞[書面語] (推測; 估計) surmise; estimate
  • 自由度 : ddegreeoffreedom
  • 自由 : freedomliberty
  1. Abstract : in the research of internal combustion engine, recordingin - cylinder pressure and temperature is an essential technique to study the thermal cycle of internal combustion engine. the combustion analyzer developed in this study will give both the measurements at sampling points per crank angle or sampling cycle, calculate and show the real time parameters which decide the working process of internal combustion engine, such as pressure accelerating rate, indicateed mean effective pressure, cycle - to - cycle variation, heat release rate, etc. compared with the imported congeneric products, the analyzer has many advantages such as chinese interface, low price, easy operateing, convenience in maintainance and easy upgrading

    文摘:為了測錄內燃機缸內的壓力及溫,開發了一種內燃機燃燒分析儀.該分析儀國產高速數據採集卡及行開發的控制軟體組成.它不僅能精確設置每曲軸轉角內采樣點的個數和採集循環數,而且在採集過程中能實時計算和表徵內燃機工過程的壓力升高率、平均指示壓力、循環變率、放熱率等參數.經實際使用以及與國外產品相比表明,此分析儀具有全中文界面、價格低、操簡單、使用維護方便、功能便於擴充等優點
  2. What interviewing to ever was aided financially by some electron company is big when 3 schoolgirls, less than allowing look on her face why oneself go to school the exultation after difficulty is solved, leave the author just heave a sigh heavily in succession, she says, she has the job that holds two or more posts concurrently in outside school every saturday all the time before, this job hard - earned, herself is cherished very much, in obtained after aiding financially this company often can ask them ( the student that gets this company to aid financially with her ) go helping do a few businesses, because ask for leave frequently, she has been dropped by demit now. . here her gently lachrymal rise : " we are born to also have our life miserably, have oneself character honor, the society gave us huge help, we can be after finish school, the newspaper office is answered to meet in the future, but not be now, what we need now is a normal life. . " see with respect to author place, the circumstance of this classmate has been been very lucky, the backside motive that a lot of company businesses aid financially impoverished student now often is to publicize his to rise thereby famous degree

    在采訪一位曾受到某電子公司資助的大三女生時,在她臉上看不到任何己上學困難解決后的歡欣,留給筆者的只是一聲聲沉重的嘆息,她說,她以前一直有一份每周六在校外兼職的工,這份工來之不易,她己很珍惜,在獲得了資助后該公司便不時的會要求她們(和她一樣受該公司資助的學生)去幫忙做一些事情,於屢次請假她現在已經被辭掉… …說到這里她輕輕的啜泣起來: 「我們貧困生也有己的生活,有己的人格尊嚴,社會給了我們極大的幫助,我們會在完成學業之後,在將往返報社會,但不是現在,我們現在需要的是一份正常的生活… … 」就筆者所見而言,這位同學的情況已經算是很幸運了,現在許多公司企業資助貧困學生的背後機往往是為了宣傳己從而提高知名
  3. Gland, switzerland - the fire brigades set up two years ago with wwf s support in the khabarovsk region, in far eastern russia, are leading the fight against a massive outbreak of fires in the habitat of the critically endangered siberian tiger, the conservation organization said today

    瑞士格蘭消息世界然基金會表示,極瀕危的西伯利亞虎的棲息地,目前發生大規模火災而兩年前世界然基金會在俄羅斯遠東地區哈巴羅夫斯克協助成立的特別機隊,現正負責領導滅火工
  4. Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources

    基於以上考慮,論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討:全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的來與演變,對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評,並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討;對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述,對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了己的見解;全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義,並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析,結合實例具體說明了方法的應用;深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工的極端重要性和復雜性,對傳統的地下水資源態預測方法進行了全面的評述,指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件,對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍,以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹,並應用於地下水態過程線的分析,採用時間序列中的b ? j法,蒙特卡羅方法,與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合,探討了地下水態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路;綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷,將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調,使模型更準確、更實用;對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析,內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀,科學的資源計算與評價方法,可靠的資源預測預報技術,可操的資源管理措施,外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。
  5. Abstract : the preventing and remedying desertification puts into practice prevention as main, principle of combining ecology protection with prevensing and remedying, principle of preventing and remedy and economy development and utilization coodinated and promoting, comprehensive preventing and remedying and chassified control combines, public particlpation and renovating person benifits combine for different responsibility body bearing different responsibility bearing principle, becanse of man - made fault causing desartification preventing and remedying responsibility carrying out action - person bearing principle, principle of gorernment mainly bearing desertification recovery caused by nature action and benifit ' s person undertaking reasonable burban and decide unified planing system, systen of desertification status investigation and monitoring early warning system, fallow, limited cultivating hand and help - the poor combined systen, prohibitory systan, priority region and urgent - action region system

    文摘:沙漠化防治實行預防為主,生態保護與防治結合原則,防治與經濟開發利用相協調促進原則;綜合防治與分類控制相結合;公眾參與和整治者受益結合;對不同責任主體實行不同責任承擔原則,人為不當活造成的沙漠化治理責任,實行行為者負擔原則;對用造成的沙漠化治理實行政府負擔為主,受益者合理負擔原則;確立統一規劃制;沙漠化狀況調查評估與監測預警制,休耕限耕和扶貧結合制,禁限制,優先區域與緊急行區域制
  6. The preventing and remedying desertification puts into practice prevention as main, principle of combining ecology protection with prevensing and remedying, principle of preventing and remedy and economy development and utilization coodinated and promoting, comprehensive preventing and remedying and chassified control combines, public particlpation and renovating person benifits combine for different responsibility body bearing different responsibility bearing principle, becanse of man - made fault causing desartification preventing and remedying responsibility carrying out action - person bearing principle, principle of gorernment mainly bearing desertification recovery caused by nature action and benifit ' s person undertaking reasonable burban and decide unified planing system, systen of desertification status investigation and monitoring early warning system, fallow, limited cultivating hand and help - the poor combined systen, prohibitory systan, priority region and urgent - action region system

    沙漠化防治實行預防為主,生態保護與防治結合原則,防治與經濟開發利用相協調促進原則;綜合防治與分類控制相結合;公眾參與和整治者受益結合;對不同責任主體實行不同責任承擔原則,人為不當活造成的沙漠化治理責任,實行行為者負擔原則;對用造成的沙漠化治理實行政府負擔為主,受益者合理負擔原則;確立統一規劃制;沙漠化狀況調查評估與監測預警制,休耕限耕和扶貧結合制,禁限制,優先區域與緊急行區域制
  7. The steel construction is made up of roof beam, post, purlin, roofing and wall, adopt the automatic production line to weld and take shape in the factory, construction site spend high - strength bolted joint reduce weld work load, make progress and quality receive the complete assurance

    鋼結構梁、柱、檁條、屋面和墻體組成,工廠內採用化生產線焊接成形,施工現場用高強螺栓連接,減少了焊接工量,使進和質量得到完全保證。
  8. Automated response to intrusions has become a major issue in defending cri tical systems because the traditional network security components run short of cooperation and automation. the system is requested to have the capability to cooperatively react without human intervention. an infrastructure that supports collaboration between security components is critically needed

    於傳統的網路安全組件在檢測與響應方面缺少協化程低甚至需要人工配置,而入侵者卻可能在計算速等方面大做文章,所以對網路入侵的響應已經成為關鍵系統防護中的首要問題,也就是說,我們要求系統在無人參與的情況下,具有協同檢測和響應的能力。
  9. Some successful examples about agricultural science institutions in industrialization of agricultural sci - tech products are by listing and analysing. it was concluded that agricultural research institutions should positively go to market under the help and leading of the government and relative sector. according to the demand of modern enterprise system the scientific company shoul d be positively set up by the academy of agriculture sciences and the sci - tech products should be integrated, altered, perfected and reprocess, which could transfer the unbodied assets to embodied merchandise

    通過列舉部分農業科研機構成果轉化的成功案例,並進行分析,出總結結論:農業科研機構應在政府和有關部門支持、引導下,主面向市場,利用身人才、技術等優勢,按現代企業制要求,積極興辦科技企業,企業對科技成果進行集成、改造、完善和再加工,將無形資產轉變或融入到有形的商品中去,並通過企業運進行示範、推廣、建基地、布網路,逐步擴大規模並形成產業,最終以科技成果產業化的形式實現農業科技成果的轉化。
  10. Abstract : we have studied the spontaneous emission from a three - level atom with an external - driving field in a photonic crystal. as a result of quantum interference and photon localization, the population in the two upper levels displays quasi - oscillatory oroscillatory behavior. this depends on the initial atomic state and the relative positions of the two upper levels from the forbidden gap. the intensity and the phase of the external field can affect spontaneous emission from the atom. the properties are different from a three - level atom either in vacuum or in aphotonic crystal without an external driving field

    文摘:討論了在雙光子驅用下,三能級原子在光子晶體中的發發射問題.於量子干涉和光的局域化用,兩個上能級中的占據數將具有周期振蕩或準周期振蕩的性質,這不僅依賴于兩個上能級與禁帶的相對位置,同時也依賴于原子的初始狀態,而且還與驅場的強、驅場的入射位相有關.這些性質既與真空中帶有驅場的原子的發發射性質不同,也有別于無驅用下光子晶體中三能級原子的發發射性質
  11. The tap - changer is made with solid state relay as its working mechanism and controlled by microprocessor. this switch has totally cancelled the mechanical drive organization, by the microprocessor according to the voltage of second side microprocessor decide the working condition of solid state rely, high regulation speed, need not transition resistor, rush current is low. operating frequently ; there is no electric arc to produce, can put in the fuel tank of the voltage transformer directly ; the structure is simple, the fabrication cost is low, benefit and use widely among the voltages transformer of distribution

    其中的有載調壓分接開關,它是一種完全固態繼電器為分接開關執行機構,單片機控制的有載調壓的變壓器分接開關。該開關完全取消了機械傳機構,單片機根據變壓器二次側電壓的高低,決定與變壓器各分接頭聯接的固態繼電器的工狀態。調節速快,改變分接頭時不需過渡電阻,沖擊電流小,可頻繁操;無電弧產生,可以直接放在變壓器油箱中;結構簡單,造價低,便於在配電變壓器中推廣使用。
  12. By use plc, system can complete function as follow : this auto - control system be applicable to the temperature and smoke and dust the deal the variety quick, control the process is difficult with the operation is ; by the temperature controlor can automatically follow to the wet tower " exit temperature, error in the ? 3 v including ; by to automatically spray fog to lower the electric resistance, with the function for full the electricity equipment accepting the dust ; because of adopting feedback closed loop, and come to a to respond to the speed quick, constant temprature control the accuracy is high ; because of adopting the sensors, and make the system circumstance to leak water quick ; system have many control parameter can set exit control temperature and adjust value low limit by key ; can communication with remote computer and have remote control

    通過使用plc ,使該控系統可以完成如下功能:適用於溫及煙塵量變化快、控制過程難以操的場合;通過溫控表跟蹤增濕塔出口溫,誤差達到3以內;通過噴霧來降低粉塵比電阻,以此充分發揮電收塵器的用;於採取了閉環反饋迴路,達到了響應速快,恆溫控制精高;通過使用各種檢測傳感器,使得異常情況泄水快;該控系統具有多套控制參數,增濕塔出口控制溫及調節閥下限值可通過按鍵設定;可與上位機通訊,具有「現控遠控」功能。
  13. An improved high - resolution current - mode sorter is presented. its structure complexity is o ( n ), which is crucial to the expansion of its size, and its dynamic range is large. only one clock signal and one reset signal are needed. no biasing signal is required. the operation point is constructed according to the input current, so it is self - adaptive, which is very important for an all - purpose component. in average value circuit, subtraction circuit, winner - take - all ( wta ) circuit and control circuit, it has good performance even at a large input current. this sorter has high precision, high resolution and low power, as has been proved via hspice simulation. it can be implemented in the standard digital cmos technology and widely used in many fields, so it is of great value in applications

    提出了一種改進的高精電流型排序電路.它的結構復雜性僅為o ( n ) ,便於擴展;態范圍大;它是適應的,工輸入電流確定,故不需要偏置信號,這對為通用器件使用的排序電路來說是很重要的.通過利用平均值電路、減法電路、 wta電路和控制電路,可以使該電路在大輸入電流下依然保持高性能. hspice模擬表明該電路具有高準確性、高精、低功耗的特點.它能用標準數字cmos工藝來實現,可以被應用於很多領域,具有很高的應用價值
  14. Since 1960s, the mechanical strength reliability and structural system reliability, whose main failure modes are fatigue and service life, has achieved a great deal of development and been applied to engineering machine, aeronautical and astronautical engineering, electric apparatus, bridges, ship, civil engineering etc. with the developing of space technology and tendency of machine towards high speed, precision, automation, one realizes the importance of mechanism reliability based on the accuracy of motion, for the errors of mechanism occurred more often than that of structure, especially in the field of aeronautical and astronautical engineering and operate system of weapon

    上個世紀60年代以來,以疲勞、壽命為主要失效模式的機械強可靠性、結構體系可靠性研究得到了很大發展,並迅速應用於工程機械、航空航天、電器設備、橋梁、船舶、土木工程等。隨著空間技術的發展以及機械的高速精密化、化發展,人們逐漸認識到以機構參數的準確可靠為主要指標的可靠性問題日益突出,因為在很多機械上機構的故障多於結構的故障,尤其是在航空航天及武器操縱系統方面。於這些機構的運轉特性,振可靠性的研究亦佔有突出的位置。
  15. This subject aim at designing a linear power amplifer whose output power is 40w for 225 - 450mhz band. but it seems not easy to finish the task because of this power amplifier own unique requirements including high output power, broad working frequency band, high linearity, and flat gain. due to the complexity involved, theoretically several soltuions are derived in the final scheme such as broadband matching technology, power - retreat, power synthesize, automatic power control and negative feedback. in addition, the design will be optimized by eda software and the final test result indicates that our design is successful

    本課題的目標是研製一個輸出功率為40w的225 450mhz的線性功率放大器。於該功放要求輸出功率大,工頻帶寬,帶內增益波小,線性高,所以其終合設計難大。鑒于這個原因,在理論設計上筆者採用了寬帶匹配、功率合成、功率回退、負反饋、功率控制等技術;在實踐中精心設計電路,並且配合eda軟體模擬,最終達到所要求的指標。
  16. This article attempts to explore the reform trends of the grass - roots self management system of urban residents by reviewing the innovation phases in this scope from 1996 to 2003, and to reflect on the momentum of institutional innovation by examining the endoglossic conflict between orientation of institution and its social foundation

    但是,於這場制變革的內在推力來源於國家而非居民身,因此,現有的制創新不可避免地在國家所的制定位和制所需的社會基礎之間面臨張力,其最終績效取決於我們能否實現制變革驅力的轉換。
  17. So, the reformation of internal management mechanism based on incentive mechanism has become a chief mission faced chinese medium and small type private enterprises. being a kind of long - term incentive institution in western developed countries, stock option motivation has experienced nearly thirty - year ' s exploring, trying, correcting and perfecting, but in china, it starts just now, and it belongs to a new thing. because there are many obstacles and restrictions from domestic macro - environment, it is doubtless that we should make some improvements and innovations combined with our practical situations on the basis of consulting the foreign schemes in order to make our designed schemes owning feasibility and exerting its strong incentive force instead of citing directly or copying simply the foreign ready - made modes

    股票期權激勵為一項優良的長期激勵制在西方發達國家已經歷了近三十年的探索和發展,對這些國家的企業特別是高科技企業的高速健康發展起到了巨大的推用;而在我國才剛剛開始,而且於我國宏觀環境的種種障礙,註定不能照搬國外現成的方案和做法,只能是在參考國外方案的基礎上結合我們己的實際情況進行改造和創新,這樣才可以使構建出的股票期權激勵模式具有可行性,並發揮出其強烈的激勵效能。
  18. In large rotating machinery using filmatic bearing ( turbogenerator, air compressor, etc. ) there is a potential trouble from impefect installation or running conditions, a metals " contact between rotors and shells. the trouble is usully called rubbing. the advantage of ae technologe in the rubbing diagnosis and early detection is showed. instead of classical ae characteristic parameters ( counts, amplitude, energy, duration and the other ones ) a new feature extraction by frequency analysis of ae envelop signals is discussed. both research of ae process and field experements indicate that periodic components in the envelop spectrum related to rotational speed increase evidently at the beginning of rubbing production, hence are highly sensitive to the rubbing fault diagnosis. according to the new design an acoustic emission equipment for the rubbing diagnosis named buaa ae testing system is developed and described

    汽輪發電機、空氣壓縮機等採用油膜支撐的大型轉機械,於安裝或運行中的原因,在轉子旋轉過程中,可能和器壁發生輕微的摩擦和碰擊,簡稱碰摩.聲發射技術在碰摩發生特別是故障早期診斷上有優越性.本系統的特點是沒有沿用傳統的計數、幅、能量和持續時間等聲發射特性參數,而是在聲發射包絡信號的頻率分析中進行特徵提取.聲發射發生的過程分析和現場試驗都表明這種方法對碰摩檢測很敏感,在碰摩發生的起始階段,包絡譜中與轉速同步的周期性分量顯著增加.根據這種新的設計思想行研製了buaa碰摩聲發射檢測儀並對此了介紹
  19. The automatically inspect and control system for thickness of tire cord fabrics is not equipped for the calendar machines that made in china up to now. because of the thickness of tire cord fabrics is measured and controlled by manual, the quality of products cannot be guar anteed and a lot of rubber compound were wasted. in the article, the data process and data read of the other calendaring process parameters have designed

    另外,於被控制膠片厚較薄,若控制系統執行機構大幅,嚴重時有可能造成壓延機兩輥相抵,使輥筒斷裂等重大的設備事故,因此,在常規控制的基礎上,通過採用增量式調節的特點,來實現厚控制,建立並推導切合現場實際使用的數學檢測公式和數學控制模型,然後通過編制相應的計算機軟體來實現控制的目的, 。
  20. The set consists of the following working procedures : shattering ; stirring ; pressing pieces into slices ; rolling ; selecting by vibrating ; elevating ; arranging ; barbecuing ; conveying cold air etc. the assembly line is not only characterized by its sensitive automation and good stability but also by its excellent configuration and international advanced technology. so it is a good substitute for imported equipment of the same kind

    該生產線打料、攪拌、壓片成塊、滾圓、震篩選、提升、排列、烘烤、冷卻輸送、震篩選等工序組成,整線具有操化程高,機組性能穩定,其外觀和設備先進性具國際先進技術,可代替進口設備。
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