參比離子 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shēnbǐlízi]
參比離子 英文
pilot ion （= reference ion）
  • 參 : 參構詞成分。
  • 比 : Ⅰ動詞1 （比較; 較量高下、 長短、距離、好壞等） compare; compete; contrast; match; emulate 2 （比...
  • 離 : Ⅰ動詞1 （離開） leave; part from; be away from; separate 2 （背離） go against 3 （缺少） dispens...
  • 子 : 子Ⅰ名詞1 （兒子） son 2 （人的通稱） person 3 （古代特指有學問的男人） ancient title of respect f...
  • 離子 : [物理學] ion
  1. The method of obtaining high concentration of na2feo4 solution by quick electrolysis mainly contains four aspects : adoption of either a diaphragm or an ionic membrane electrolytic cell in which a thin anodic cell lying between the two cathodes, ( 2 ) using an iron anode that has larger specific surface area, ( 3 ) keeping suitable concentration of naoh in the anodic cell, adoption of lower current density and higher electrolyzing speed. the practical technique parameters follow a s below : the naoh solution of 14 - 16mol / l, the temperature of 303 - 308k, the surface anodic current density of 300a / m2, the unit electrolyzing speed of efficiency larger than 6. 0a / l

    快速電解獲取高濃度na _ 2feo _ 4溶液的方法，主要包括四個方面：採用兩陰極室夾一厚度較小的陽極室的隔膜（或離子膜）電解槽；使用比表面積較大的鐵網陽極；保持陽極室中有適宜濃度的濃naoh溶液；採用較低的電流密度和較高的電解速度。具體工藝參數是： 14 16mol / lnaoh溶液、溫度303 308k 、表觀陽極電流密度300a m ~ 2 、有效單位電解速度6 . 0a / l 。
  2. A lot of experiments have been done in the process of exploiture soft packaging li - ion battery about how to choice the rational arts and crafts. the content include : how to deal with the collector, add how much pvdf in the material, how long the material need to stirring and the right viscidity, how much condubtivity agent the electrode need, what theckness is best, choice different collectors, the degree of dryness of the electrode, theckness of pressed model, how much electrolyte will be added, placement how long after added the electrolyte, system of formation how to influnce the battery, in formation the battery need or not need preesure from outside, how to vacuumize and the optimize matching positive pole and negative pole. with these practice make sure the parameter of the positive pole should less than 90 m ; according to different vacuumize order the conduc - tivity agent in anode will be 5mass % and 9mass %, respectively, and in cathode the data is 2mass % ; every 100mah added to 0. 4 ml electrolyte ; before formation the battery should be placement 8 hours and the system of formation must be less than 0. 01c before the voltage reach to 3. 0v ; should press in outside when battery in formation ; to these batteries which capacity more than 350mah the vacuum time not excess 15s ; the optimize matching positive pole and negative pole between 2. 10 : 1 and 2. 15 : 1. finally make out the battery which cycling performance and security are all very well

    液態軟包裝鋰離子電池的研究主要是對關鍵工藝進行了優化設計，具體包括:集流體的處理、 pvdf的加入量、漿料攪拌時間和粘度、導電劑的加入量、電極膜的厚度、不同集流體的選擇、電極膜的乾燥程度、壓型的厚度、電解液的加入量、注入電解液后靜置時間的長短、化成制度的影響、化成時電池所具有的壓力影響、抽真空的處理、正負極活性物質的匹配。最後確定出液態軟包裝鋰離子電池最佳工藝參數:正極膜的厚度小於90 m ;根據化成時不同抽真空順序，確定正極膜中的導電劑的加入量分別為5mass %和9mass % ;負極膜中導電劑的加入量為2mass % ;電解液的加入量為每100mah添加0 . 4ml ;化成前電池的靜置時間應當大於8h ;電池在3 . 0v之前採用小於0 . 01c的化成制度;在化成過程中應當施加一定的外部壓力;對於350mah的電池抽真空的延時不應大於15s ;而正負極活性物質的質量比應當在2 . 1 : 1 2 . 15 : 1之間。
  3. The effort of manganese removal was studied and the kinetics of manganese removal was tried to establish. the factors of dissolved oxygen concentration, fe2 + concentration, ph, p concentration and closing of the filter were studied to evaluate their effort for biological manganese removal, and the correlation of residual manganese and oxidation - reduction potential was also discussed. as the iron content of water was high, experiment results showed that the reaction was zero order, as the iron content of water was low, the reaction was first order. the time needed for the cultivation of biological manganese removal was 60 70 days. the filter operated at the filtration rate of 8 10m / h, silica sand of effective size 0. 95 1. 25mm filled the filter to a depth of 1200mm

    試驗結果表明，成熟后濾砂表面濾膜的x射線衍射圖譜與mno _ x ? 5h _ 2o （ x = 1 . 86 ）的x射線衍射圖譜一樣，濾膜成熟后的結構在進水物質不發生變化的情況下不發生變化;合適的碳磷比對生物除錳有明顯的促進作用，試驗條件下的投磷量不會對出水造成二次污染;生物除錳需要亞鐵的參與，亞鐵的存在除了能夠促進微生物分泌胞外酶並刺激其活性外，還通過鐵離子的變價傳遞電子，催化錳離子的氧化反應，從而促進對二價錳的降解。
  4. We have prepared a series of neodymium binary / ternary complexes, such as nd ( acac ) 3 ' 2h2o, nd ( tfa ) 3 ' 2h2o, nd ( hfa ) 3 ' 2h2o, nd ( dbm ) 3 ' h2o, nd ( acac ) 3phen, nd ( tfa ) 3phen, nd ( hfa ) 3phen, nd ( dbm ) 3phen, nd ( tta ) 3 ( tppo ) 2, nd ( hfa ) 3 ( tppo ) 2, nd ( acac ) 4hpy, nd ( tta ) 4hpy and ndq3. the effects of organic ligands, synergistic coordination agents and different substitution groups for - diketones on effective line width and photoluminescence intensity of neodymium complexes were investigated. the photoluminescence spectra indicate that synergistic coordination agents can shield neodymium ion and impede water molecules penetrating into inner coordination shell to satisfy large coordination number of nd3 + during hydrous synthesis process, so the luminescence intensity of neodymium ternary complexes is stronger than that of neodymium binary complexes

    發光光譜研究表明，由於協同試劑的參與，屏蔽了水分子參與配位，降低了羥基（ oh ）對釹離子激發態能級~ 4f _ （ 3 2 ）的猝滅，三元配合物的熒光強度均比二元配合物強，其中配合物nd （ tta ） _ 3 （ tppo ） _ 2在1340nm處的熒光強度最強，適合作為摻雜的光學活性物質，來制備有源光波導材料；在有水工藝條件下，單純地氟化配體未必能提高釹配合物的近紅外發光性能。
  5. This experiment studies the relation of ionic current signals and a / f ratio on different premixed pressure

    通過控制預混壓力和空燃比兩個參數變化，消除了由於發動機循環變動對燃燒狀態和離子電流強度的不穩定影響。
  6. The membrane properties were found to be dependent upon the content of styrene. the membrane physic - chemical properties compare to nafion 117 except that their chemical stability has to be further improved to make them acceptable for practical use in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell. the proton transport through the membrane follows the " liquid - like " proton conductivity mechanism y and the water balance is important for the working condition of the fuel cell

    對磺化膜的研究分析表明：膜的性能參數如離子交換容量、吸水率、水合系數、形體穩定性、導電性能、化學與熱穩定性等依賴于膜中苯乙烯含量，且接枝苯乙烯相互間的位阻效應對膜性能影響很大；膜的性能可與nafion膜相比較；質子在膜中的傳導遵循「似液體」質子傳導機理；電滲析與擴散作用使膜保持水平衡。
  7. The latter electrode is made by a 3 - electrode system with cv voltage. in the system, ta foil is acted as the working electrode, a pt foil as the assistant electrode and ag / agcl electrode as the reference electrode. stuff rucl _ 3 ? nh _ 2o is confected into electrolyte. after electrolyzing with cv voltage, ru ion can deposit on ta foil in the fashion of hydrated ru compound

    在循環伏安法中，用原料水合三氯化釕配製成的電解液，將鉭片作工作電極、鉑片作輔助電極、銀/氯化銀電極作參比電極組成三電極系統，向電解池通入循環伏安的電壓進行電解，使釕離子以水合釕化物的形式沉積在鉭基體上。
  8. The influences of the calcination temperature and time, the concentration ratio of deionized distilled water to c - v _ 2o _ 5 and the agitation time on the synthesis of a - v _ 2o _ 5 were studied by orthogonal array design and the interactions between the parameters were considered. so the optimum experimental factors were obtained. lithium rechargeable battery positive electrodes based on these optimum conditions could lead to experimental cells with large discharge specific capacity and good cycling performance

    用正交實驗研究了煅燒溫度、煅燒時間、去離子水與晶態v _ 2o _ 5 （ c - v _ 2o _ 5 ）的濃度比和陳化時間對合成a - v _ 2o _ 5的影響，討論了這些參數間的交互作用，並獲得了最優試驗參數，以該最優試驗參數所制備的a - v _ 2o _ 5為可充鋰電池正極的實驗電池，具有較大的放電比容量和較好的循環壽命。
  9. 3. the author designs ortho - experimentations of palygorskite acidification and organising modification by adopting propyl alcohol as thinner of wd - 51, and acquires the best craft parameters and craft conditions for gaojiawang palygorskite acidification and acidified palygorskite organising modification, namely : the best craft parameters and craft conditions for gaojiawang palygorskite acidification is : parlygorskite : h2o = 1 : 3, activation time 50 min, activation temperature 96, hydrochloric acid concentration 1. 0 n, parlygorskite granularity - 100mesh ; the best craft parameters and craft conditions for gaojiawang acidified palygorskite organising modification is : wd - 51 concentration 2. 0 % ( wt % ), modification temperature 120, and modification time 60 mins, adopting iso - propyl alcohol as thinner of wd - 51. 4

    設計坡縷石粘土酸化正交實驗和有機化改性正交實驗，取得了高家窪坡縷石粘土酸活化處理和酸化坡縷石用wd - 51進行有機化改性處理的最佳工藝參數和工藝條件，即：高家窪坡縷石酸活化處理的最佳工藝參數和工藝條件為：固液比為1 ： 3 （固體為高家窪坡縷石粘土，液體為去離子水） 、活化時間50min 、活化溫度為96 、鹽酸濃度為1 . 0n 、粒度為- 100目。
  10. By changing the negative bias current density, gaseous ratio and total pressure, nanocrystalline diamond film is prepared by ion - assisted bombardment method at the substrate temperature of 700 ? 00 ? and mixture gaseous of ch4 and h2 the effect of growth parameters on the diamond film is studied. the diamond film presents very low compressive stress and excellent field emission character

    採用離子輔助轟擊法，以ch _ 4 、 h _ 2為源氣，襯底溫度為700 900 ，通過改變襯底負偏壓、 h _ 2和ch _ 4氣體比例以及工作氣壓，制備出納米金剛石薄膜，並對工藝參數對金剛石薄膜沉積的影響進行了研究。
  11. They have different properties from montmorillonite and fe oxyhydroxides such as larger specific area, different surface potential, etc. under the acidity, temperature and other conditions ( initial arsenate concentration, ion strength, duration of adsorption ) simulated to that of soil in tropical and sub - tropical area, the adsorption of arsenate on the prepared fe - oxyhydroxide - montmorillonite complexes were conducted

    在參考實際土壤ph值和離子強度的條件下，分別以ph值、砷初始濃度、離子強度、吸附時間、吸附溫度為影響因素，進行了低聚合羥基鐵?蒙脫石復合體、蒙脫石原樣及水合氧化鐵吸附砷酸根離子的對比實驗；並用正交實驗方法，進一步研究了上述因素對復合體砷吸附能力的相對影響程度。
  12. In this paper, some investigation and design as following. have been carried out on er - yb codoped phosphate glass waveguide laser first, three primary performance parameters of er - yb waveguide laser pump threshold power ; output power and slope efficiency have been commulated and analysed theoretically based on er ~ ( 3 + ) - yb ~ ( 3 + ) energy configuration ; rate equation of stable state and transmitting equation. the influences of er - yb ions concentration ; enabled waveguide length ; light dot radius of signal light and pump light ; reflectivity of output lens on three above parameters have been researched

    首先，從er ~ （ 3 + ） - yb ~ （ 3 + ）能級結構出發，結合激光穩態速率方程與傳輸方程，對鉺鐿波導激光器的三個主要性能參數:閾值功率、輸出功率、斜率效率作了理論計算分析，並研究了鉺、鐿離子濃度、光波導激活長度、信號光與泵浦光光斑半徑比例、輸出耦合鏡反射率對這三個關鍵性能參數的影響。
  13. Results show that when the ratio of the ion concentration is 1. 707, ph of the reaction is 10. 0, reaction temperature is 45 and the aging time is ih, the ultra fine mn - zn ferrite precursor particle can be obtained

    得到粒度最小的參量值如下：離子濃度比為1 . 707 ，溶液ph值為10 . 0 ，水浴溫度為45 ，陳化時間為1h 。
  14. In order to obtain the mn - zn ferrite precursor particle which has itra - fme property, the optimum technological condition was obtained through the orthogonal experiments in this paper. in the co - precipitation procession of preparation the leading factors that affect the size of the particle are ratio of the ion concentration ( a ), ph of the reaction ( b ), temperature of reaction ( c ), and aging time ( d )

    本文通過拉丁正交試驗，以粒徑尺寸為考察目標，將離子濃度比（ a ） ，反應ph值（ b ） ，水浴溫度（ c ）和陳化時間（ d ）作為四參量，利用每一參量為變量進行試驗確定各參量值，從而確定製備超細錳鋅鐵氧體前驅體粉末的條件。
  15. When the third pretreatment method was adopted, microwave input power was 700w, gas pressure was 1000pa and substrate was tangent on plasma ball surface, diamond films showed higher nucleation density by contrast

    經過對比採用方案基片處理方式，基片和等離子球處于相切位置時，在微波輸入功率700w和反應氣壓1000pa時沉積工藝參數時，基片成核密度較高。
  16. As to the polyreference implemention of the least - squares complex frequency - domain estimator in mathematical separation technique of modes, this thesis builds a right matrix - fraction description model to estimate the system poles. then frequency point stabilization diagram is set up and analyzed to automatically determine natural frequencies, modal damping ratios and modal participation factors. finally mode shapes are identified based on the least squares theory

    對于模態數學分離技術的多參考點最小二乘復頻域識別技術，先建立右矩陣分式頻響模型，識別出系統極點，再通過建立和分析頻率點穩態圖，能自動的確定出結構的固有頻率、模態阻尼比和模態參與因子，最後根據最小二乘原理識別出模態振型向量。
  17. The surface hardness variations of some kinds of polymers were compared and the influence factors such as ion species, particle energy and dose were analyzed

    通過比較幾種不同類型的聚合物材料在注入前後表面硬度的變化，分析注入離子種類、注入能量、注入劑量等工藝參數對聚合物的影響。
  18. 6. the durability of concrete structures resisting chloride diffusion in different water cement ratio and different contents of fly ash and silica was analyzed and durable life was predicted based on the results of the test, which will be helpful to preparation of high performance concrete ( hpc ) as well as durability design and assessment of concrete structures

    系統地研究了低水膠比及摻加粉煤灰、硅灰的高性能混凝土的電滲透性和氯離子擴散系數，分析了水膠比以及粉煤灰和硅灰等活性集料對混凝土結構抵抗氯離子侵蝕的耐久性能的影響，並對高性能混凝土結構抗氯離子侵蝕的耐久壽命進行了預測，為氯鹽污染環境下高性能混凝土的配製以及混凝土結構耐久性評估與設計提供參考。
  19. The fourier transform infrared ( ftir ) spectrum is an effective technology for studying the hydrogen content ( ch ) and the silicon - hydrogen bonding configuration ( si - hn ) of hudrogenated amorphous silicon ( a - si : h ) films. in the paper, ch and si - hn of a - si : h films, fabricated at different ratio of h2 / sih4 by microwave electron cyclotron resonance plasma chemical vapor ( wmecr cvd ) method, have been obtained by analyzing their ftir spectra that are treated by baseline fitting and gaussian function fitting. the effects of ratio of h2 / sih4 on ch and si - hn are studied

    Fourier紅外透射（ ftir ）譜是研究氫化非晶硅（ a - si : h ）薄膜中氫含量（ c _ h ）及硅-氫鍵合模式（ si - h _ n ）最有效的手段，對于微波等離子體化學氣相沉積（ mwecrcvd ）方法在不同h _ 2 sih _ 4稀釋比下制備出的氫化非晶硅薄膜，我們通過紅外透射光譜的基線擬合、高斯擬合分析，得出了薄膜中的氫含量，硅氫鍵合方式及其組分，並分析了這些參數隨h _ 2 sih _ 4稀釋比變化的規律。
  20. In order to otain high quality zno thin films, we, for the first time, employ the plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition ( pecvd ) to prepare high quality zno thin film at low temperature using a zinc organic source ( zn ( c2h5 ) 2 ) and carbon dioxide ( co2 ) gas mixtures. the effects of the growing condiction and the native oxide layer of si substrate on the quality of zno thin films was studied in detail. to prepare p - zno and overcome the dufficulty of reverse due to the interaction between the n atomic, we obtain high qulaity p - zno by a easy way of thermal zn3n2

    為了在低溫下制備高質量的氧化鋅薄膜，我們採用金屬有機源和二氧化碳氣源，首次利用等離子體增強化學氣相沉積的技術在低溫下制備了高質量的氧化鋅薄膜，系統地研究了生長條件以及襯底表面氧化層對薄膜質量的影響，確定了生長高質量氧化鋅薄膜的優化條件；為獲得p - zno材料，克服在zno中摻n雜質間相互作用影響摻雜效率不易獲得p - zno的困難，我們通過熱氧化zn3n2的方法制備了p - zno ，獲得了一系列研究結果： 1 、詳細研究了氣體流速比，襯底溫度和射頻功率實驗參數對氧化鋅薄膜特性的影響。
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