受制於投資者 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shòuzhìyútóuzīzhě]
受制於投資者 英文
poor investor management
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  • 於 : 於名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 資 : Ⅰ名詞1 （錢財; 費用） money; wealth; expenses 2 （資質） intelligence; endowment 3 （資格） quali...
  • 者 : Ⅰ助詞1 （用在形容詞或動詞後面 或帶有形容詞或動詞的詞組後面 表示有此屬性或做此動作的人或事物） 2 ...
  • 受制於 : subject to
  • 受制 : 1. （受轄制） be under the control of2. （受害; 受罪） endure hardships, tortures, etc
  1. It was restaurant industry graven topic that that of that of from input / output angle said, how advance restaurant kernel ability to compete, with the purpose of advance business economic benefit, as soon as possible brought return, accelerating demonetization end, abaft experience know clearly near twenty year stodgy state look forward to reform mechanism, our state hotel industry be around by babyhood trend maturity, by seller ' s market trend buyer ' s market, such transit should make part rational consumer enjoy to good value for money, too brought ought to part superficial restaurant taste to inevitable ; the government owned restaurant at multinational restaurant bloc and civilian battalion restaurant enterprise " dual impact down, calendar by know clearly reform of monetary system cum bank commercialization, market open cum solution control, market cum competitive mechanism three phase, owing to planned economy belated issues, structure irrationality wrought a matter of and overlapping investment wrought a matter of wait threefold cause, make government owned restaurant at market competition middle gradualness forfeiture competitive edge, in progression appearance hot water, how advance government owned hotel competitive power a matter of, toward me state tourism possess strong operation significance, hunan lotus hotel namely same family pole tool on government owned three stars level hotel behalf of the for the last years, by way of hotel industry occupy quite specific gravity

    從投入產出的角度講，如何提高飯店核心競爭能力，以達到提高企業經濟效益，盡快產生回報，加速貨幣回籠的目的，是飯店業嚴肅的話題。在經歷了近二十年步履艱難的國企改革歷程后，我國飯店業已開始由幼稚走向成熟，由賣方市場走向買方市場，這種轉變將使得部分理性的消費者享受到物有所值，也使部分膚淺的飯店品嘗到必然的失敗；近十年來，作為飯店業占相當比重的國有飯店在跨國飯店集團和民營飯店企業的雙重沖擊下，歷經了金融體制改革及銀行商業化、市場開放及解控、市場及競爭機制三個階段，由於計劃經濟遺留下來的問題、結構不合理造成的問題和重復投資造成的問題等三方面的原因，使得國有飯店在市場競爭中逐漸喪失競爭優勢，相繼出現困境，如何提高國有飯店競爭力的問題，對於我國旅遊業具有強烈的現實意義，湖南芙蓉賓館就是一家極具代表性的國有三星級飯店。
  2. Secondly, why mortgage becomes a kind of prevailing way of purchasing the house lies in its rationed financing mechanism, making each side that participates in the mortgage benefit a great deal - solving the problem of the mortgagor who is short of funds ; reclaiming funds earlier and scattering the risk of investment ; gaining profits as well as opening up the market of investment

    其次，介紹了樓花按揭之所以成為一種流行的購樓方式，在於其融資機制合理，使參與的各方都受益匪淺。解決了購房者資金的不足；開發商可以及早回籠資金，分散投資風險；銀行獲得豐厚利潤，並且開拓了投資市場。
  3. However, small investors will still benefit from the mechanism, since it will help mitigate the risk of a prolonged deviation of the trading prices of fund units from the market value of the underlying bonds

    盡管小投資者不會直接參與實物交易，但由於這機制可減低基金單位的成交價長期偏離相關債券市值的風險，因此他們仍可受惠。
  4. In chapter 9 we summarize the whole paper, and explain the shortages of this paper and problems to further study. main conclusions of this paper are as follows : the first, state - owned funds have always been predominant in venture capital sources in china, and this caused the " government - operated model " which leads to excessive government ' s interferes and distorted venture capital contracts ; the second, limited partnership contract is better than incorporated company contract, because the former has obvious advantages in not only encouragement and controls, but also in investors " profits. however, this paper insists, incorporated company contracts will still be very popular in the near future because limited partnership still be illegal in most provinces of china ; the third, venture capitalists " share of profits in compensation clause of fundraising contracts is influenced by investors " attitude towards difficulties and obstacles of future investment

    本文研究的主要結論：第一，在我國風險資本來源中，政府風險資本一直居於主導地位，這造就了我國風險投資的「官辦官營」模式，使其契約機制從一開始就帶有「行政干預」的烙印；第二，有限合夥契約在約束機制、激勵機制、投資者收益三個方面都明顯優于公司制契約，因此是我國風險融資契約的發展方向，但由於有限合夥在我國受到法律限制，公司制契約在一定時期內仍是我國風險融資契約的主要形式；第三，融資契約報酬條款中的激勵系數受主體先驗概率影響，借鑒有限合夥契約，可對我國公司制融資契約進行改造與重構；第四，與債權契約、普通股契約相比，可轉換優先股契約可以有效緩解風險投資過程中的信息不對稱、降低代理成本，因此是我國風險投資契約的最優選擇。
  5. Owing to institutional, cultural, social and policy - triggered factors and the resulting opportunistic motives of organizations and individuals, there are abundant behaviors breaking laws and violating discipline, such as misrepresentation, earnings management, purchased auditing, fraudulent auditing, false information transmission, insider trading and etc, in the process of information transmission in china ' s securities market. as the result, market efficiency is undermined, both interests and confidence of investors are impaired

    由於機構和個人的機會主義動機及其背後的經濟制度因素、歷史文化因素、社會因素、政策性因素等誘因，我國證券市場信息披露、信息傳遞和信息運用過程中存在著比較嚴重的虛假陳述、盈利操作、購買審計、審計舞弊、虛假或不實信息傳遞、內幕交易等利用不對稱信息優勢謀取私利的違法違規行為，證券市場有效性大大降低，投資者（尤其是中小個人投資者）的利益受到侵害，投資者對證券市場的信心開始動搖。
  6. Corporate system is a typical form of the modern enterprise system ; it is the result of modern market economy and the large - scale socialized production. because of the limited risk and the unlimited benefit, it greatly stimulates the investor ’ s enthusiasm and strongly promotes the development of contemporary society. corporate capital is the “ blood ” on which a company should live, the material base for management of a company, and property foundation for a company ’ s responsibility

    公司制度是現代企業制度的典型形態，是現代市場經濟和社會化大生產的產物，它以投資者風險責任的有限性和資產受益的無限性極大地刺激了投資者的積極性，快速地推動當代社會的發展;公司資本是公司賴以生存的「血液」 ，是公司經營的物質基礎和公司對外承擔責任的財產基礎;現有法定、折衷和授權三種資本制，英國、美國等實行授權資本制，德國、日本、韓國等最初實行法定資本制，因實踐中存在的問題越來越多，先後改法定資本制為折衷資本制;近年來，就實施何種公司資本制度最有利於公司的發展成為大家關注的問題，學者們眾說紛紜，並沒有達成一致意見。
  7. Because lack more extensive investor to participate in, of legal person share current be restricted, cannot carry stock market more trade will reflect its real value

    由於缺乏更廣泛的投資者參與，法人股的流通受到制約，更無法通過股票市場的交易來體現其真正的價值。
  8. Since the issue of the risk in the second board has caught the attention of every party concerned, to curb the risk likely to occur during the operation of the second board market, we should avoid the problems at the preparatory stage. the following tasks must be put special focus on : reducing the administrative intervention to facilitate the process of issuing and checking stocks and to promote the sound development of distributing market, introducing the competitive selection system into the market to lay a solid foundation for the second board and boost the development of investors " investment conducts and controlling the rhythm of the distribution of listed securities at preliminary stage and the scale of initial raising of fund etc

    由於二板市場的風險問題受到了參與各方的關注，為控制二板市場日後運作的風險，從開始籌備階段就應避免問題的發生，應特別注意以下幾個方面的工作：減少政府部門行政干預，促進發行審查工作和發行市場的健康發展；引入「競爭性遴選機制」 ，使創業板市場的基礎扎實，促進投資者投資行為的成長；控制市場初期上市節奏並控制公司首次募資規模等。
  9. Rental income from the qualifying property and cash dividend income and interest income derived from permissible financial assets can be retained by the entrant and need not be ring - fenced under the scheme

    投資者可保留合資格物業的租金收入、由獲許金融資產所獲得的現金股息收入及利息收入，這些收入不受制於本計劃的規范。
  10. As the existence of the speculative nature of the securities and the non - efficiency of the securities market, market manipulation will not be eliminated

    由於證券本身固有的投機性質以及真實證券市場存在的非有效性，市場操縱行為有其存在的必然性，但由於其對證券市場和公眾投資者的嚴重侵害而應受到制裁。
  11. Options can make shorting easier, both because options can be a cheaper way of obtaining a short position and because options allow short - sale constrained investors to trade with other investors who have better access to shorting

    期權有助於賣空行為，一方面，這是因為期權是一種廉價獲得空頭頭寸的途徑；另一方面，期權使賣空能力受到限制的投資者能與其他具有更多賣空能力的投資者進行交易。
  12. Since 1987, the secretariat had organised annual supervisory seminars at the bis for promising young bank supervisors, attended by persons from about thirty - five countries worldwide. in addition, the secretariat was conducting several training courses annually at regional locations and was regularly invited to lecture at training courses organised by the regional groups themselves or other official organisations. in 1999 the bank for international settlements, in a joint initiative with the basel committee, set up the financial stability institute to take over and develop a multi - level educational programme

    例如，如果經理人所從事的交易同主管機構所制定的法律或者法規相沖突，那麼由此受到損害的投資者就有可能向經理人和受託人要求賠償如果是由於受託人未能履行適當的注意義務監管經理人所達成的交易，並且在發現存在同法律或者法規相沖突之後而未能採取措施取消或者更正不正當的交易，那麼就有受託人承擔責任。
  13. We discuss and compare the mechanisms of the corporate governance, and we argue that ownership structure is a consequence of investor ' s self - protection. in the chinese stock market, there is a common phenomenon that almost 70 % shares can not be transferred. they are state - owned shares

    公司治理結構的形成，受到所在國家和地區的法律體系、社會文化、融資制度以及股權結構等多種因素的影響，而股權結構的集中與分散甚至可以看成是由於不同的治理環境下投資者自我保護的結果。
  14. The author himself has been experiencing the turbulence of chinese securities market, and has the same feeling of greed of human beings in securities market with the minority investors, and has apperceived the impact on law especially civil and commercial law imposed by the concept of right - orientation and the principle of good faith, so it is natural that the author chooses the civil liability of securities fraud to be the topic of his graduation thesis

    我國證券立法尚未形成規制證券市場欺詐行為的民事法律責任體系，實務當中也是以種種站不住腳的理由漠視廣大中小投資者合法權益被肆意侵犯。作者親身體驗了中國證券市場的動蕩，並對通過證券市場表現出來的人性貪婪的一面與弱勢投資者感同身受，加之數年受法律尤其是民商法權利本位、誠實信用觀念的沖擊，於是有了本文便是自然而然的事情了。
  15. Under the immigration policy on entry of dependants for residence in hong kong, persons who have been admitted into hong kong to take up employment or full - time studies in undergraduate or post - graduate programmes in local degree - awarding institutions, or as entrants under the admission scheme for mainland talents and professionals, the capital investment entrant scheme or the quality migrant admission scheme, their mainland spouses and mainland unmarried dependent children under the age of 18 may apply for entry for residence in hong kong as dependants of their sponsors

    根據受養人來港居住政策，獲準在港就業或於本港頒授學位的院校修讀全日制學士學位或研究生課程的人士；或根據輸入內地人才計劃、資本投資者入境計劃或優秀人才入境計劃來港的人士，可以保證人身份申請其內地配偶及十八歲以下未婚受養的內地子女來港居住。
  16. Faustmann - hartman forest resource model of economic and environmental benefits has been selected to study the economic compensation issues on environmental benefits, economic incentives are used to encourage the owners or / and managers of watershed forest resources to manage their forests for natural preservation, in the meantime, all stakeholders - the owners, managers, policy - decision - makers, investors and beneficiaries and losers will learn the opportunities and constraints of watershed forest resource management. the research will be meaningful to decision - making for compensation fee institution for environmental benefits

    本研究應用綜合考慮經濟效益與環境效益的faustmann - hartman森林資源模型，研究水源涵養林環境效益的經濟補償問題，以創建經濟激勵機制促進水源涵養林所有者或經營者採取有益於自然保護的生產經營方式，並促進各利益相關者? ?水源涵養林所有者、經營者、政策制定者、投資者、水源涵養林環境服務的受益者、和環境退化的受損失者等了解投資於水源涵養林環境服務的機會與問題，同時也為我國森林環境效益補償制度的制定和實施提供決策依據，只有重要的理論和現實意義。
  17. With the development of corporation and corporate structure, cognate trade happened, cognate trade becomes wide - ranging and is allowed by law because it can accelerate corporate management, reduce trade costs and promote corporate competitions. but, as it exists conflict of interests and must lead to unfair in trade, cognate trade impairs other interest subject and is restricted strictly by law. because of traditional system, there are cognate relation in complicated state - owned enterprises and cognate trade widely in listed company

    關聯交易具有促進企業規模經營、降低成本、提高企業市場競爭力等功能，在實踐中得到廣泛應用，也為各國法律所認可；然而，由於關聯方之間存在特定的利益關系，關聯交易不可避免地產生交易上的不公平，從而給其它利益主體（如中小投資者、債權人）造成損害，因而又受到法律的嚴格限制。
  18. The third chapter first describes the operating mechanism of private funds, then focuses on practical methods to control the risks involved. comparatively speaking, china ' s private funds do n ' t have as many investment tools as their foreign counterparts and they mainly operate in the secondary stock market. as a result, the risks private funds confront are tremendous : private funds in china have no legal status, which indicates that the fund contract ca n ' t get proper legal protection ; the stock market has been far from perfect so that private funds have inadequate instruments to avoid risks ; the listed companies participating in private funds are vulnerable to risks ; private funds investors also confront the risks of unexpected policy change

    我國的私募基金與國外相比，運作方式較為單一，主要在二級市場操作，大部分依靠作大成交量，獲取券商返還傭金來獲取收益，以跟莊、鎖倉、聯合坐莊為主要投資策略，以中線持股、波段炒作為主要戰術，這就決定了我國私募基金面臨著巨大的風險：我國私募基金沒有合法地位，基金契約合同不受法律保護；證券市場品種單一，沒有避空機制，期權、期貨等金融衍生工具甚至根本不存在；上市公司參與私募基金引致巨大風險；由於目前國家對私募基金的立法沒有正式出臺，投資者還面臨著政策調整的風險。
  19. Given that corporate management can chose different accounting policies within legal framework, a company ' s book earnings are prone to be adjusted or rigged by its top executives, which may mislead investors in assessing the company ' s real return

    由於相關的會計準則為企業經營者留有較大的會計政策選擇空間，這使得公司的賬面盈餘及其增長較容易受到經營者的主觀控制。因此，如果投資者依靠以會計利潤指標為主的業績評價體系來衡量公司的盈利能力，他們就難免會被誤導。
  20. This due to the self - determinated, flexibility ways of running are the most favours to foreign investor ; while being disturbed by some restriction, chinese - foreign cooperation enterprise investor need to add up their cost greatly

    這主要是由於外商獨資企業經營方式自主、靈活，因而備受外國投資者青睞；而中外合作企業受制於一些合作因素的干擾，使投資者成本大?增加。
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