噪聲整形 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zàoshēngzhěngxíng]
噪聲整形
英文
noise shaping-
The main research advances can be summarized as follows : ( 1 ) study the signal processing ' s performances and methods of homing torpedo system comprehensively, in order to setting up a corresponding mathematical models ; ( 2 ) analyze the ocean channel ' s effects on the work of homing system, then found some models such as target echo signal, noise ( including background noise, target radiating noise, etc ), ocean reverberation. according to them, simulate the array signal ; ( 3 ) the system structure, every function blocks composing are studied and founded thoroughly. then, discuss methods of signal processing in time domain and airspace domain ; ( 4 ) program the simulation software of torpedo ' s homing system according to the simulation models and flow charts, which connected with torpedo ' s control part
本文所作的主要工作及研究成果主要有以下幾個方面： （ 1 ）對自導工作過程中的信號與信息處理的基本理論與方法進行了較為全面的研究，為建立一個較為完備的自導模擬系統提供了理論基礎； （ 2 ）討論了自導系統工作過程中海洋通道對目標回波信號與目標輻射噪聲信號等的影響，建立回波信號的數學模型、環境場中的噪聲信號模型（包括海洋環境噪聲、目標輻射噪聲與魚雷背景噪聲等）與海洋混響模型，模擬產生了聲自導系統基陣接收到的回波信號與噪聲信號； （ 3 ）深入研究並建立了自導模擬系統的總體框架，給出各個具體功能模塊組成，討論了聲自導系統對信號的時域與空域處理，並結合模擬程序中陣列信號處理模塊，給出固定多通道波束形成的模擬實現過程； （ 4 ）根據系統的模擬模型與已建立的模擬流程圖編制了通用魚雷模擬器自導系統模擬軟體，通過網路與控制系統相連，組成完整的魚雷模擬器。The investigation has declared that the fuel injection with bq fuel pump had higher injection pressure, bigger fuel supply rate and shouter fuel supply duration, which would cause the fuel injection quantity and the fule - air mixture to increase during ignition delay period, the pre - mixed combustion to become acutely, and finally result in increased power levels of noise
研究表明，裝配bq噴油泵，噴油系統的噴油壓力較高，供油速率較大和供油持續時間縮短，使得滯燃期的噴油量增加，滯燃期內形成的可燃混合較多，預混燃燒劇烈，導致整機噪聲聲功率級增加。Compared with the classical bp algorithm, robust adaptive bp algorithm possesses some advantages as following : ( 1 ) increasing the accuracy of the network training by means of using both the relative and absolute residual to adjust the weight values ; ( 2 ) improve the robustness and the network convergence rate through combining with the robust statistic technique by way of judging the values of the samples " relative residual to establish the energy function so that can suppress the effect on network training because of the samples with high noise disturbances ; ( 3 ) prevent entrapping into the local minima area and obtain the global optimal result owing to setting the learning rate to be the function of the errors and the error gradients when network is trained. the learning rate of the weights update change with the error values of the network adaptively so that can easily get rid of the disadvantage of the classical bp algorithm that is liable to entrap into the local minima areas
與基本bp演算法相比，本文提出的魯棒自適應bp演算法具有以下優點： （ 1 ）與魯棒統計技術相結合，通過訓練樣本相對偏差的大小，確定不同訓練樣本對能量函數的貢獻，來抑制含高噪聲干擾樣本對網路訓練的不良影響，從而增強訓練的魯棒性，提高網路訓練的收斂速度； （ 2 ）採用相對偏差和絕對偏差兩種偏差形式對權值進行調整，提高了網路的訓練精度； （ 3 ）在採用梯度下降演算法對權值進行調整的基礎上，通過將學習速率設為訓練誤差及誤差梯度的特殊函數，使學習速率依賴于網路訓練時誤差瞬時的變化而自適應的改變，從而可以克服基本bp演算法容易陷入局部極小區域的弊端，使訓練過程能夠很快的「跳出」局部極小區域而達到全局最優。This thesis explains the necessity of the character recognition technology of the computer at first, describe the meaning in which the handwritten numeral discerns ; pretreatment technology of handwritten numeral recognition, including two value, line segmentation, word segmentation smooth, removing noising, standardization and thinning are discussed two value concretely discusses whole threshold value, some threshold value, dynamic threshold value and utilize space information to carry on threshold, which are several kinds of common method of choosing threshold value, especially utilize space information to carry on threshold value is describe in detail ; adopting to the foundation of thinning based on mathematics morphology, thinning algorithm of serials same and thinning algorithm of protecting shape are discussed ; afterwards, according to principle ' s diagram of the on - line character recognition, by analyzing the structure feature of the handwritten numeral, this thesis has proposed the online recognition te chnology of the free handwritten numeral based on the stroke feature and the online recognition technology of the free handwritten numeral based on the multistage classifying device. detail narrated noise removing, stroke characteristic definition and discernment, distance criterion of whole word match ; then under the foundation of handwritten numeral segmentation, off - line handwritten numeral recognition is researched. especially minimum distance classifying device, tree classifying device and adaptive resonance ( art ) network classifying device is discussed at the same time, believes degree analyses are introduced to integrate a lot of classifying devices ; at the end, the typical application of the handwritten numeral recognition was briefly narrated, its application in extensive data statistics, financial affairs, tax, finance and mail sorting have been explored
二值化時對整體閾值二值化、局部閾值二值化、動態閾值二值化和利用空間信息進行閾值選取幾種常用的閾值選取方法進行討論，特別對利用空間信息進行閾值選取進行了詳細論述；在對通過對基於數學形態學的細化的基礎上，討論序貫同倫形態細化演算法和保形的快速形態細化演算法；然後依據聯機字元識別原理框圖，分析了手寫數字的結構特點，提出了基於筆劃特徵的任意手寫數字在線識別技術和基於多級分類器任意手寫數字在線識別技術，對其中涉及的筆劃識別前的噪聲處理、筆劃間特徵量的定義及識別、整字匹配的距離準則進行了詳細敘述；繼而在對手寫數字的分割的基礎下對脫機手寫數字識別進行了研究，對基於最小距離分類器字元識別、基於樹分類器的字元識別、基於自適應共振（ art ）網路的字元識別分別進行了詳細討論，並引入置信度分析將多個分類器進行了混合集成；最後簡單闡述了手寫數字識別的典型應用，對其在大規模數據統計、財務、稅務、金融及郵件分揀中的應用進行了探索。Take integrity of object information into condition, a two - dimension signal processing method which can make a measurement of the target ’ s speed as well as the range is brought forward at the basis of waveform parameter design. and simulation in the background of hf multi - object with noise is taken. a comparison of signal properties, processing and antinoise detection performance is taken between mcpc and another two high range resolution radar signals : single carrier pulse coded signal and step frequency pulse coded signal
考慮到目標信息提取的相對完整性，以高頻雷達為背景，在對多載波相位編碼脈沖串信號參數設計的基礎上，推導了三種多載頻相位編碼脈沖串信號的距離速度二維處理過程並相應的對多目標噪聲環境進行了模擬;將多載波相位編碼信號與另外兩種距離高分辨信號:單載頻相位編碼信號和相位編碼階梯跳頻信號，在信號特性、處理過程和抗噪聲特性方面進行了對比;本文從理論上為多載波相位編碼信號的波形設計和分析、信號的處理打下基礎。Sigma - delta modulator, combined with oversampling, effectively attenuate the in - band quantization noise in the output signal and enhance the signal - to - noise ratio ( snr ) through the shaping of the quantization error
調制器與過采樣相結合，對量化誤差噪聲進行整形，有效衰減輸出信號的帶內量化噪聲，提高了輸出帶內信噪比（ snr ） 。Because of the using of interpolation, noise shaping and switching amplification in the digital audio amplifier technology, the power supply modulator is not only much efficient but also behaving good in envelope amplification, this advantage is hard to implemented with conventional technology
數字音頻功放技術是近年發展起來的高效率音頻放大技術，該放大技術採用了過取樣、噪聲整形等數字音頻處理演算法和開關功率放大。採用該技術實現的電源調制器不但具備很高的效率，而且能高指標地放大包絡信號，是常規的電源調制技術無法實現的。After analyzed the basic principle of optimized noise reduction on tyre pattern, summarized three approaches to noise reduction. the first is trying to reduce size of single block or socket to reduce noise amplitude on time domain, the second is to adjust stripes sorting order and their interlace value to avoid noise - made by every single block - peak values on time domain overlayed and the last is to adjust ratio of blocks and sockets, ratio of stripe interval and stripe sorting order to avoid noise periodical distribution and abnormal high peak values in some frequency strip
論文第四章分析了輪胎花紋優化降噪的基本原理，總結出三條降噪途徑：在允許范圍內盡量減小單個塊或槽的大小、刻刀槽軟化花紋塊來減小噪聲時域波幅度；調整節距排列順序、花紋條之間的錯位值，使各發聲單元發出的聲壓時域波形的同向峰值錯開，避免同向峰值疊加；調整花紋塊和槽比例、節距比例、節距排列順序，盡量避免周期性分佈，使輪胎所發出的噪聲趨于白噪化，避免某些頻段的異常高峰值。Moreover, sampling at high frequency eliminates the need for abrupt cutoffs in the analog anti - aliasing filters. a technique of noise shaping is used in - converters in addition to oversampling to achieve a high - resolution
由於在- a d轉換器中使用噪聲整形技術和過采樣技術，可以用一個簡單的模擬電路加上復雜的數字電路使整個a d達到一個很高的轉換精度。By using peak - band algorithm, the aim area ( b area ) is segmented from the wear area image. aiming at the edge noise of image, mathematical morphology theory is applied to integrate edge. test results show that the segmentation algorithm is effective in identifying tool wear degree
針對邊界中存在的分割噪聲使用圓形形態運算元對邊界進行完整化，最終獲得了完整的刀具磨損區圖像，為實現通過刀具磨損區大小來評判刀具磨損程度的方法奠定基礎。Various high - speed flexible mechanisms are used popularly in modern industries. due to their small damp, and the coupling of their large overall displacement and local distortion, they are ready to vibrate under exterior disturbance, which usually leads to intense acoustic radiation, then deteriorate the circumference
工業領域廣泛使用著以彈性連桿機構為主體的各種高速機構，這些機構由於阻尼小、整體大位移和局部彈性變形之間存在剛彈耦合，所以極容易受到外界的干擾發生振動並產生強烈的噪聲輻射，對周邊環境造成噪聲污染。The disposal of the valves and intake manifold structure not only affect fresh air charge but airflow in the cylinder, which immediately affect combustion efficiency and the performance of dynamic, economic and emission. the structure of the air distributing institution has influence on charging efficiency and the noise of engine. the combustion chamber affects compression scale which has great influence on dynamical performance ; f / v which affects the exhaust of hc ; squash area and clearance which have great influence on the intensity of squash
氣缸蓋的氣門排列方式與氣道結構形式影響進氣充量和氣流在氣缸內的運動，從而影響了燃燒效率，對整機的動力性、經濟性以及排放都有直接的影響；配氣機構的形式影響充氣系數和整機噪聲等；缸蓋燃燒室決定了影響整機動力性能的壓縮比，影響hc排放的f / v和對擠流起決定性作用的擠氣面積以及擠氣間隙，所以燃燒室對整機動力性、經濟性、排放等都有重要的影響；氣缸蓋是整機熱負荷與熱應力最大的部件之一，熱負荷過高將不利於發動機壽命以及可靠性的提高。Comparing with conventional nyquist converters, - converters greatly release the requirements for high performance of analog circuit and precisely matched components. additionally, these converters exploit the enhanced speed, circuit density and low cost of modern vlsi technologies. currentlly, - adcs have been widely used for audio a / d conversion
- adc採用過采樣噪聲整形技術實現高精度模數轉換，和傳統的nyquist率模數轉換器相比，避免了對模擬電路性能指標和元器件匹配精度的較高要求，並可充分利用現代vlsi的高速、高集成度、低成本的優點，已成為音頻模數轉換的主要技術。Dsp chips produced by ti are suitable for the 1 - bit system design. they can achieve two important parts of the system, interpolator and modulator, and finish the input and output of signals
本文在實現一階sigma - delta調制器的基礎上，通過分析二階調制器的結構和系統函數，在dsp內實現了二階調制器，改善了噪聲整形的能力。The traditional signal processing methods that amplify, filter, rectify signal and count, which are used in vortex flowmeter now, has shortage in extracting real flow signal from noise. the methods that restrict measurement range or do n ' t measure small flow have to be adopted
目前渦街流量計所採用的放大、濾波、整形、計數的處理方式，在從噪聲中提取流量信號方面存在較大的局限性，只能採用限制量程比、不測小流量等方法來抑制噪聲。Some theoretical extensions are first made in this paper, with the following concepts, theorems and models presented - partial derivative and high - order partial derivative of waveform polynomial for describing the relation between input transitions and output transitions and redefining circuit sensitization ; the concept of waveform polynomial vector for describing a circuit with multiple inputs and outputs, especially for the unified description of circuit modules ; a sensitization theorem for sequential circuits for the purpose of exact timing ; theorems for transition numbers in circuits used to solve problems on noise, power consumption and etc ; waveform polynomial description for sequential circuits used to give a unified form for the function and timing behavior of a sequtial circuit ; and a data structure of generalized list for the representation and manipulation of waveform polynomial
波形多項式偏導和高階偏導的新概念，用來精確描述輸出跳變與輸入跳變之間的關系，並在本文中用來重新定義了電路的敏化和冒險；波形多項式向量的概念，用於形式化描述實際中的多輸入多輸出的電路，特別是用於統一描述電路模塊的功能及定時行為；時序電路的敏化定理，用於時序電路精確定時分析；波形多項式描述跳變及跳變數的定理，用於噪聲、功耗等問題的描述；時序電路的完整波形多項式描述，用於時序電路功能和定時行為的統一描述；波形多項式的多項式符號表示和運算的模型以及數據結構，用來實現對波形多項式比較有效的描述和運算。This paper focuses on the analysis of sigma delta modulation theories such as mathematics models, noise shaping characteristics, etc. combined with traditional pll fractional - n synthesizers structures, a project of sigma delta modulator is proposed, and the algorithmic analysis is implemented by fpga
本文在闡述-調制理論，分析其數學模型，噪聲整形特性基礎上，結合傳統小數分頻合成器，提出了-調制小數分頻鎖相環頻率合成器實現方案，及其在fpga里的調制器演算法。It is demonstrated that the theory and the method presented here can markedly improve the output snr, and minimize phase lag as well as the distortion of the system output signal with multi - frequency. a whole framework for multi - frequency signal processing is formed, including the methods of selecting system parameters and signal recovery
對于帶噪聲的多頻模擬信號，參數調節隨機共振方法能夠提高系統的輸出信躁比，並減小多頻模擬信號的波形畸變和相位延遲，本文給出了系統參數調節方法和信號反演關系，從而形成了較為完整的模擬信號處理方法。By dividing fabric image into many windows with the same size, choosing a window with minimum local entropy as a region of interest, thresholding the region and filtering out noise through opening function of mathematical morphology, calculating the defect shape factors as recognition parameters, a algorithm and method of detection of defects in fabric is studied : which has advantages of high identification, correctness, and fast inspection speed mainly because it can avoid complicated calculation of whole image and global searching when the feature parameters are extracted
摘要將織物圖像分成大小相同的局部窗口，選取局部熵最小的窗口為待研究的感興趣區域，在此區域內分割出疵點圖像並用數學形態學中的開運算濾除噪聲，計算疵點形狀因子等作為識別參數，研究表明此方法因能避免對整幅圖像進行復雜運算，在提取特徵參數時對圖像的全局搜索，具有識別正確率高、檢測速度快等優點。分享友人