坡度變點 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [pōdùbiàndiǎn]
坡度變點
英文
point of change of gradient-
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該保潔車有七大特點： 1 、該車外型設計美觀大方，操作簡單靈活，明凈小巧的駕駛室免除了環衛工人在雨雪等惡劣天氣作業時的煩惱； 2 、佳鹿電動保潔車變速箱是我公司的專利產品，特點是拉重貨，輕松爬坡而且省電，延長電瓶的使用壽命； 3 、佳鹿電動保潔車后橋雙輪制動，是我公司的專利產品，特點是結構簡單，操作方便，維修容易，制動性能好； 4 、佳鹿電動保潔車超低的垃圾箱符合人體工程學的高度，使環衛工人能輕松地裝卸，倒車時具有良好的視線，減少事故的發生，安全系數高； 5 、佳鹿電動保潔車採用先進的電動推桿作為自卸動力，減輕了環衛工人的勞動強度，特點是故障少功率大，免維護； 6 、佳鹿電動保潔車整車採用鋼化玻璃，前進倒車都有良好的視線，不易劃傷，保證環衛工人的安全； 7 、佳鹿電動保潔車外部採用鋼板，內部採用玻璃鋼內膽，外部特點：鉸鏈在鋼板上不易松動，經常自卸不變形，經得起碰撞，內部採用玻璃鋼內膽，不生銹、不腐蝕，磨損后內膽可以更換，維護成本低。So it is chiefly that soil co2 concentration and its influencing factors should be studied in ordered to learn the mechanism of epikarst ecosystem and global carbon cycle. karst dynamics laboratory, ministry of land and resources, has been studied the mechanism of seven typical epikarst ecosystem and global changes through igcp 299 ( geology, climate, hydrology and karst formation, 1990 - 1994 ) and igcp 379 ( karst processes and the carbon cycle, 1995 - 1999 ) to igcp 448 ( world correlation of karst ecosystem, 2000 - 2004 ), while observation and analysis and research of epikarst ecosystem in mt. jinfo have just been beginning. the thesis analyzes that based - on observational point of green pond and deep dell in the west slope of jinfo mountain, co2 concentration and regularity of epikarst ecosystem contrasting woodland with uncovered land have been studied through the observation of temperature and humidity and co2 concentration
國土資源部巖溶動力學開放研究實驗室以igcp229 、 igcp379和igcp448項目為依託，開展了我國7個典型的表層帶巖溶生態系統運行規律及其全球變化影響研究，而其中金佛山的觀測、分析與研究則才剛剛起步，本文以金佛山西坡摘公碧潭幽谷為觀測點，主要通過coz濃度、溫度和濕度的觀測，開展林地表層帶巖溶生態系統與裸地表層帶巖溶生態系統coz濃度特徵及其變化規律的對比研究，這對進一步深入研究巖溶生態系統運行機制和全球碳循環以及開展全球巖溶生態對比有著重要意義。In the end of this thesis five conclusions were put forward : ( 1 ) hydraulic condition can influence the stability of land slope in different aspects. ( 2 ) the weight of the land slope is the inner factors of land slope, but it ' s not the decisive factor of causing a landslide. ( 3 ) the parameter of anti - shearing strength ( c, ) is the key parameter on analyzing the stability of land slope
文章最後得出了五點結論： （一） 、降雨對邊坡穩定性的影響是多方面的； （二）滑體自重是產生滑坡的內在因素，但不是發生滑坡的決定因素； （三）滑面的抗剪強度指標（ c 、 ）是進行邊坡穩定性分析的關鍵指標； （四）通過對個舊卡房滑坡體的位移觀測數據的分析，找到了位移變化的一些規律； （五）臨滑預報工作在現實生活中尤為重要。This railway becomes a single line from an intermediate point
從中間地點以後軌道變成單線，坡度更陡。For this reason, our objective is the research of the mechanism of runoff generation and characteristics of moisture changing process of slope farming purple soil, accordding to the theory of hydrology and the intergrated - means of compined the hydrology with the peodology, because it is the basis of the studies : soil erosion and protection, farming - land water balance, non - point pollute, etc., and the direction gist of runoff arrange implement, solving water hazard and management of irrigation and fertilizer
綜觀國內外有關研究，我們認識到對紫色土土壤產流和水分變化特徵的認識，是認識該區土壤侵蝕與保護、農田水量平衡、非點源污染等的機理和規律的基礎，也是解決該區水患問題、實施徑流調節而提高旱地的雨水利用程度，以及水肥管理等的基本科學依據。因此，以水文學原理為基礎，採取水文學與土壤學、地理學、水土保持學等相結合的途徑，研究紫色土坡耕地的降雨產流機制與產流後土壤水分的變化特徵，是具有新的科學價值和現實意義的。This kind of instability bulk movement is induced by wave cyclic loading, as a result the slope of bottom bed decrease, water depth increase, and instability bulk movement has the character of subregion, regularity and head erosion, thus it will influence evolvement of region of interest landform, and change flow field and bottom stratum condition continually, so will lead to dynamic influence on structure foundation soil
這種不穩定塊體運動由波浪循環荷載誘發，其結果使底床整體坡度減緩，水深加大，而且不穩定的塊體運動具有小區域、多發性和溯源侵蝕的特點，將繼續影響著海域以後的水深地形的發展演化，並不斷改變著該區的流場與底床地層條件，對構築物地基土的穩定性產生著動態的影響。( 三 ) under the dynamic load of the explosion, the numeric analysis has been done and achieve the rule as follow : ( 1 ) when the frequency of vibration is 0. 3hz, the acceleration of the slopes top gets the maximum ; so 0. 3hz is believed the natural frequency of the slope as a whole ; ( 2 ) the vibration of explosion can been magnified because of the condition of the landform, when the relative altitude is up to 45m, the acceleration of horizon gets the maximum ; when the relative altitude is up to 100m, the absolute value of acceleration and the deformation of horizon is larger than that in the bottom of the slope ; ( 3 ) in the period of forced vibration, at the top of the slope, the acceleration of horizon become larger and larger ; at the middle part of the slope, it becomes smaller ; ( 4 ) when the explosion velocity of is much little, the shallow part destruction is the primary deformation of the slope
（三）採用模態疊加法針對爆破動力作用，進行邊坡的動力響應分析，得出了以下結論： （ 1 ）振動頻率為0 . 3hz時，坡面頂部水平向加速度峰值最大；綜合考慮，可認為該邊坡的自振頻率為0 . 3hz左右； （ 2 ）地形對爆破地振動存在放大作用，研究剖面的坡面，水平向加速度及位移在地形相對高差45米左右最大，而後隨相對高差的增高而減小，相對高差為100米時，水平向位移及加速度絕對值均大於坡腳； （ 3 ）強迫振動段，水平向加速度值隨時間變化的規律為：坡頂節點總的變化趨勢是越來越大，而坡體中部節點的變化趨勢是越來越小； （ 4 ）當爆破振速較小時，變形破壞的形式表現為坡頂表面滑塌型。Based on the date of full - scale measurements, modeling wind tunnel tests and theoretical researches of the wind loads on low - rise buildings available, involved the date of the wind tunnel test and computational numerical simulation fulfilled in this paper, the effects of wind loads on low - rise buildings have been studied systematicaly and extensively. it reveled properly the principle of the changes of the surface mean pressures, local pressures, and fluctuating pressures with the building geometry, roof type and slope, wind direction, eave configuration, cladding system, and dominate openings
本文根據國內外有關低層房屋風荷載的全尺寸實測、模型風洞試驗及其理論方面的研究，包括本文進行的低層房屋屋面風壓分佈的風洞模型試驗和計算機數值模擬計算，對低層房屋的風荷載特性進行了系統而深入的研究，較好地揭示了低層房屋表面的平均風壓、局部風壓和壓力的波動隨房屋的幾何尺寸、屋面形式、屋面坡度、風向角、檐口構造、覆面材料和門窗開洞而變化的特點和規律。The result shows that the train passing capacity is closely linked with the train meeting place relative to the tunnel and that the train passing capacity decreases as the tunnel lengths and slops increase
對計算結果的分析表明，隧道的列車通過能力與列車的交會地點息息相關，而且隨著隧道長度和坡度的增大逐漸變小。On the basis of displacement - time series of the slope, a nonlinear dynamic model is set up according to backus generalized linear inversion theory in this paper. due to the equivalence beween autonomous gradient system and catastrophe model, a standard cusp catastrophe model can be obtained through variable substitution. the method is used in analysis of displacement data of huangci landslide and wolongsi landslide and in understanding how slopes evolve before sliding. the result shows that the nonlinear dynamic model can make satisfactory prediction result. is it most important that there is a sudden fall of d, which indicates the occurrence of catastrophe ( when d = 0 )
研究表明，滑坡變形失穩過程具有混沌和分維特性，可以用分形理論來研究滑坡預測問題，基於對任一連續函數，至少在較小的鄰域內可以用多項式任意逼近的數學理論，運用改進的backus廣義線性反演理論，以斜坡位移時間序列為基礎，反演了斜坡演化的非線性動力學模型。並利用自治梯度系統與突變模型的等價性，通過變量代換得到標準的尖點突變模型。Abstract : based on the conceptual two - flow model and pic numerical solution method developed in the companion paper, the present paper further investigate the model application in simulation of the typical debris flows. the model validation was carried out with the experimental data obtained by other investigators at dongchuan debris flow observation and research station in yunnan province. predictions were made in terms of the main controlling facetors including the channel slope, flow density and time interval between two blasts of debris flows. the predicted results could well reflect the observations reported by the geographers and sedimentologists
文摘:採用文獻[ 1 ]中提出的陣性泥石流運動與堆積的歐拉-拉格朗日模型，模擬了陣性泥石流的運動過程和堆積形態，得出了與地學研究中觀測結果較為一致的認識.文中針對影響陣性泥石流的關鍵條件，重點通過改變密度，坡度和各陣泥石流的時間間隔等參數，分析了這些參數變化對泥石流運動及堆積規律的影響，提出了簡化分析整個陣性泥石流的條件.研究表明，應用經試驗資料驗證的數學模型不但可以方便、快捷地定量描述陣性泥石流的一般特性，而且能夠提供關于陣性泥石流運動及堆積的更多細節Research results show that foundation pit slope soil structure destroy characteristic is subgrade shear strain destroy, namely, it is gradually destroy. lateral displacement of retaining and protecting piles has relations with embed depth, load grade and strength index parameter. soil displacement and timbering pile displacement are in harmony with deformation
研究結果表明，基坑邊坡土體具有地基整體剪切變形破壞的特點，系漸進破壞的過程；支護樁側向變形是樁嵌固深度、荷載大小、土體強度參數變量的函數；土體的位移和支護樁的位移滿足變形協調條件。The geomorphological instantaneous unit hydrograph ( giuh ) is viewed as the frequency distribution of the times of arrival of individual water deoplets at the catchment outlet. the travel path, for a typical hillslope cell. consists of a hillslope fraction, corresponding to overland flow and a stream fraction, corresponding to concentrated channeled flow. to obtain the time of travel, velocities must be defined. hillslope and stream velocities vary with location and must be strongly correlated with slope, and therefore a spatial distribution of velocities and hence of travel times could be obtained. the present methods of giuh neglect any time delays associated with overland flow pathways
地貌單位線被看作是流域上各水質點在弱相互作用下，到達流域出口匯流時間的頻率分佈。對於一個典型的山坡型網格單元，匯流路徑由兩部分組成，即坡地部分和河道部分，為了得到匯流時間，必須首先確定匯流速度。坡地和河道的匯流速度隨著區域位置而變，並且必然與坡度有關，因此，可首先計算流速的空間分佈，進而得到匯流時間的空間分佈。Investigation using remote sensing ( rs ) technology can breakthrough the limits of traditional methods, make full use of its capability of integration, visualization, rapidity and vast - dimensions analysis, and get better results the paper takes the up - to - date landsat - 7 etm + data, which is the most widely used, and quickbird data, which has the highest resolution nowadays, and according the features of the data and landslides, processes the quickbird data with 1 : 10 000 dem orthophoto correction and the landsat - 7 etm + data as follows : ( 1 ) selecting optimal spectrum band : selects 753 bands as the optimal bands ; ( 2 ) image intensifying : selects the principle components processing method on the basis of comparing several image intensifying methods ; ( 3 ) rigour geometric direction : corrects the geometric distortion of the map ; ( 4 ) image fusion : mainly takes his space transform fusion and resolution fusion method, and acquires maps with higher spectrum resolution as well as space resolution. after that, the visual effect of the image has been enhanced, and the interpretation precision
採用遙感技術，可以突破傳統調查方法的限制，發揮其宏觀、綜合、直觀、快速的特點，取得更好的效果。論文選取目前應用最廣的陸地衛星最新系列landsat - 7etm +數據和空間解析度最高的商業衛星quickbird數據作為主要的數據源，根據數據的特點及滑坡災害應用特徵，對quickbird遙感數據則基於1 ： 10000dem進行了正射校正，對etm +遙感數據進行了波段優選，選取了753作為最佳組合波段；圖像增強，通過各種增強處理方法的效果對比，選擇主成分分析法對圖像進行增強；幾何精校正，糾正圖像的幾何變形；影像融合，主要選取了效果較好的his空間變換融合和解析度融合，得到的圖像既具有較高的光譜解析度，同時也具有較高的空間解析度。經過上述數字處理，較好地改善了圖像的視覺效果，提高了圖像解譯的精度。By the application of the rough set theory, this paper makes quantized evaluation with the geological engineering model for slope, explains its establishing method and procedure, and presents a network for the recognition of the deformation and failure modes of slope. examples from practice are analyzed with the model, which concludes its advantages of high speed, precision, practicability and powerful quantization, exploring a new way for quantized model establishment for slope
應用rs （ roughset或粗糙集）理論，對邊坡地質工程模型進行量化判別，闡述了rs邊坡地質工程模型的建模方法及實現步驟，提出了邊坡變形破壞模式的識別網路，進行了實例分析，結果表明該方法具有速度快、精度高、實用性強和量化功能強等優點，為邊坡量化建模提供了新的思路。2. the concept design is the key phase of the first stage of system optimization. the paper emphatically discusses with emphasis several issues difficulty to answer, such as the determination of the soil parameters, the soil pressure and the safety factor and the reliability of retaining structure, summaries and analyses the main geotechnical problems during the excavation on the four familiar geologic strata of saturation soft soil on the class i terrace of the yangtze river, aged - clay, expansive soil and loess and investigates carefully the patterns of deformation and destruction of pit slope in the saturation soft soil, puts forward three basic principles of selecting schemes of retaining structure, namely : facing to the problem, facing to the characteristics of excavation and environment
（ 2 ）概念設計是深基坑工程第一步優化? ?系統（方案）優化設計中的關鍵，文中重點討論了概念設計中的幾個難點問題，如土性參數的確定、土壓力的選取、深基坑工程的安全度和可靠度分析等；總結分析了飽和軟土、老粘性、膨脹土和黃土這四類常見地層條件下的深基坑工程中的主要巖土工程問題，其中重點研究了長江級階地上的飽和軟土深基坑邊坡變形和破壞模式，提出了選擇支護方案的基本原則，即：面向問題、面向基坑特點、面向周邊環境特點。The results show that topographic slope gradient has important influence on soil and water loss, the bigger slope gradient and the more soil and water loss, and the slope gradient 15 is a relative threshold of soil erosion modulus, but the influences of topographic height and slope aspect are slight
結果表明：地形坡度是影響徑流和泥沙產生的重要因素，產生徑流和泥沙的模擬值隨地形坡度的增大而增大，地形坡度15是坡耕地土壤侵蝕模數的相對質變點；地形高程和坡向對產生徑流和泥沙的影響不大。The strain softening of dam body and foundation is the necessary condition for dam instability. according to observation data of dam cracks, a gray cusp catastrophe model is established to judge the stability of the crack. according to the slope observation data of a certain hydropower plant, a nonlinear dynamic model is developed by means of reversion and the lyapunov exponent spectrum, and the lyapunov information dimension are calculated for judgement of the stability of the slope
（ 5 ）基於變分原理，研究建立了能量形式的失穩準則，並說明壩體、巖基的材料具有應變軟化的性質，是大壩失穩的必要條件；並利用大壩的裂縫實測資料，建立了相應的灰色尖點突變模型，由此判斷裂縫的穩定性；根據某水電站庫區滑坡體的變形實測資料，反演其非線性動力學模型，進而計算lyapunov指數譜、 lyapunov信息維來判定邊坡的穩定性及穩定程度。Hong kong has a real estate finance mode characterized of finance industry interweaving and co - developing with real estate industry, real estate mortgage loans and securitization. singapore has one that is outstanding with its accumulation fund system, also active participating of banks in real estate industry. and the u. s. has one that the first and secondary mortgage markets are both highly developed, with abundanc e of real estate mortgage tools, among which the most widely used is adjustable - rate mortgages ( arm )
香港房地產金融的顯著特點是金融業與房地產業的融合發展、房地產抵押貸款，以及房地產證券化；新加坡的房地產金融獨具特色的是公積金制度以及銀行積極參與房地產業務；美國的房地產金融的基本特點則是發達的一、二級市場聯動的抵押貸款市場，擁有多種房地產抵押工具，其中應用最為廣泛的是可變利率抵押貸款（ arm ） 。Long - time in - situ supervision of a high rock slope was done. the supervised results show good stability of the slope. analysis of supervised data of multi - displacement - monitoring instrument ( mdmi ) showed that displacement of slope has intimate relation with free air temperature but the former lag behind the other
通過對某一具體工程的巖質高邊坡進行長時間的現場監測，結果表明該邊坡處於一個良好的穩定狀態；而分析多點位移計監測數據發現，監測到的山體位移和大氣溫度有著密切的關系，但前者的變化滯後於後者。分享友人