壤中流 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [rǎngzhōngliú]
壤中流 英文
prompt subsurface flow
  • 壤 : 名詞1. （土壤） soil 2. （地） earth 3. （地區） area 4. （姓氏） a surname
  • 流 : Ⅰ動1 （液體移動; 流動） flow 2 （移動不定） drift; move; wander 3 （流傳; 傳播） spread 4 （向壞...
  1. It can also restrain the decomposition of organic substances in the soil and the bind of nitrogen, and wash away the nutritious elements, such as magnesium, calcium, and potassium. the acid rain deprives the soil. it acidifies the rivers and lakes, and dissolves the heavy metal in the soil into water, therefore poisons the fish

    它可以直接使大片森林死亡，農作物枯萎；也會抑制土壤中有機物的分解和氮的固定，淋洗與土壤粒子結合的鈣、鎂、鉀等營養元素，使土壤貧瘠化；還可使湖泊、河流酸化，並溶解土壤和水體底泥中的重金屬進入水中，毒害魚類；加速建築物和文物古跡的腐蝕和風化過程；可能危及人體健康。
  2. Regard - ing the surface runoff mechanism, liang and xie 1, 2 presented a new surface runoff parameterization which dynamically represents both the horton and dunne runoff generation mechanisms within within a model grid cell together with a consideration of the subgrid - scale het - erogeneity, which can be applied to not only humid regions but also droughty regions as well 3, 4. regard - ing the soil water movement, xie et al. 5 developed an unsaturated flow numerical model based on the finite element method, and xie et al. 6 presented another numerical model to compute soil moisture and water flow flux together by means of a mixed finite element method

    在地表徑流方面，文獻1 3發展了一種同時考慮蓄滿超滲產流機制及次網格非均勻性的新的徑流機制模型，並用其改進了陸面模式vic variable infiltration capacity中的徑流計算，該模型既適用於濕潤地區也適用於乾旱地區4 .在土壤水模型方面，文獻5採用有限元質量集中法發展了非飽和土壤水流的數值模型，文獻6則採用混合有限元法建立了非飽和土壤水分含量和通量計算的數值模型
  3. Effect of pipe flow on interflow on granite slope in three gorges area of yangtze river

    長江三峽花崗巖坡面管流在壤中流中的作用
  4. On the formation mechanism, the rills were mainly formed by the concentrated action of the runoff on dyke slope, while the formation of socket mainly depended on surface runoff, subsurface flow and the existing defects within the dykes such as crack, mouse hole, fox and brocks dens

    在成因上，前者主要是降雨形成超滲地面徑流的集中對戧坡的侵蝕作用而形成；後者主要與坡面徑流、壤中流，以及土堤的薄弱點（如裂縫、鼠洞、狐1一灌洞等）有關。
  5. For the soil infiltration, generally, the order of the original and stable infiltration speed from big to small is the inner, the outer space and the paludal trace, as well as layer a b. in the view of the rainfall balance of the wildwood, the canopy interception is averagely 61. 10 % of the rainfall, the trunk runoff 0. 80 %, the inner 38. 10 %, the surface and the litter evapotranspiration 18. 00 %, the surface runoff does n ' t appear in the forest, and the interflow is also very small, which is 0. 30 % of the total rainfall ; the conflux is 21. 10 %

    原始森林的水量平衡中，林冠截留量平均占降雨的58 . 27 ，樹干徑流量占降雨的0 . 80 ，林內降雨占降雨的40 . 93 ，地表蒸發及地被物蒸散量占總降雨的20 . 13 ，林內很少發生地表徑流，壤中流量也極少，只佔總降雨的0 . 07 ；匯流量占總降雨的21 . 43 。
  6. If the topsoil is taken away by erosion, plants can no longer grow in the soil left behind.

    如果因水土流失而沖掉了表土，植物不能再在留下的土壤中生長。
  7. When soil antecedent condition is dry and the initial rainfall intensity is high, peak surface runoff also considerably lag behind that of rainfall, because of the formation of temporary relative impermeable top layer ; b ) surface runoff is controlled primarily by infiltration - excess runoff mechanism under unsaturated condition ; the major fraction of surface runoff are dominated by saturated infiltration - excess runoff response, only a small fraction by return flow mechanism when soil is saturated ; c ) subsurface flow is dominated by saturated runoff mechanism, and the duration of subsurface post the rainfall end is dependent upon rather the soil properties than the rainfall characteristics ; d ) subsurface flow intensity in cultivated soil layer ( 0 ~ 20cm ) is high up to 35mm / h when rainfall intensity is up to 120mm / h, indicating the existing of macropores and pipe flow in cultivated layer

    2 ）耕作制下紫色土的產流主要機制是： 1 ）當雨前土壤含水量未達到飽和狀態時，表面產流起始時間有明顯滯后現象，這與紫色土的快吸水性和較多非毛管孔隙密切相關；當雨前土壤較乾燥，降雨初期雨強較大時，易形成臨時相對不透水表層，表面產流峰也有明顯滯后現象。 2 ）表面徑流的產流方式主要是超滲產流，當土壤達到飽和狀態后，有四川大學博士學位論文小部分回歸流發生，但主要是飽和超滲產流發生，因為紫色土的相對不透水層和其它透水障礙層不明顯。 3 ）壤中流主要是飽和產流，與降雨過程有明顯的滯后，而且雨停后的壤中流產流歷時與降雨特徵無關。
  8. On the base of summarizing and evaluating chinese soil erosion models, this paper brings forward future developing directions that the soil erosion models should pay attention to : ( 1 ) paying attention to the theory researches of soil erosion models, consummating from erosion factors basis erosion prediction to erosion processes quantity and theory researches, studying each erosion factor and its interaction impact on erosion processes, and sediment dispersion, transportation and deposition action on complex slopeland, as well as different catchments scales ; ( 2 ) reinforcing the study of gravitation erosion and cave erosion mechanism, and big and middle scale catchments erosion models ; and ( 3 ) making the best of advanced rs and gis technology, providing plentiful datum for erosion models researches, making and for soil erosion models checkout

    在總結和評價中國土壤侵蝕模型的基礎上，提出了今後土壤侵蝕模型應該注重的發展方向： （ 1 ）注重土壤侵蝕模型的理論研究，將從以侵蝕因子為基礎的侵蝕預報向侵蝕過程的量化研究和理論完善，研究各侵蝕因子及其交互作用對侵蝕過程的影響，泥沙在復雜坡面以及不同流域尺度間的分散、輸移和沉積作用； （ 2 ）加強對重力侵蝕、洞穴侵蝕機制的研究，加強對大中流域侵蝕模型的研究； （ 3 ）充分利用先進的rs 、 gis技術，為侵蝕模型的研究提供大量的數據源，以利於對土壤侵蝕模型的檢驗。
  9. ( 2 ) irrigating with less water, only when the quantity of irrigating water in a puddle is more than 4000m1, it can spread into 20cm depth where the crop roots are gathered. otherwise, it is hard for the crops to absorb the irrigating water, and the irrigating water is wasting. ( 3 ) the vertical distribution state of n. p. k. is that, n. moves with the irrigating water fast and most of n. gathers in the soil of 30 - 40cm depth ; the moving rules of p. and k. are similar

    （ 3 ） n 、 p 、 k元素在土壤中的垂直分佈狀況為： n素隨滴灌水在土壤中的流動性較強，在30 ? 40cm土層集聚量較大； p素和k素在土壤中運移規律基本相似，都以土表集聚為主，到30 ? 40cm土層， k ~ +含量就接近對照，這說明土表滴灌施鉀肥實際意義不大。
  10. 3. for the two - region model of one - dimensional solute transport through heterogeneous soils considering scale - dependent dispersion and immobile region under steady state flow, the numerical model is obtained by characteristic finite element method

    對于穩態水流條件下，非均質土壤中考慮水動力彌散尺度效應以及不動水體存在時，一維溶質運移的兩區模型，建立了相應的特徵有限元數值模型。
  11. The available phosphorus contents of the run - off from the plot iii and plot iv were higher than that of other two plots " run - off. the nutriments of sediments from the four plots were higher than the nutriments of soil in the plots. the plot ii and plot iv had the higher enrichness degree of total nitrogen than the other two plots ; the available nitrogen enrichness of sediments from plot iv was the highest, that of from plot illwas the lowest ; the available phosphorus enrichness of sediments from plot iv was the highest, that of from plot illwas the lowest ; the available potassium enrichness of sediments from plot ivwas the highest, that of from plot ii was the lowest

    泥沙各種養分含量均高於小區內耕作層土壤中的相應養分含量，表現為：第2 、 4小區的流失土壤全氮養分富集度高於其餘兩個小區；第4小區流失土壤有效氮富集度最高，第2小區次之，而第1小區和第3小區的流失土壤有效氮含量與區內耕層土壤相似；各小區流失土壤中速效磷富集度為第4小區最大，第3小區最小；而第4小區耕層土壤中在流失過程中速效鉀西南農業大學二oo二屆碩士學位論文一積累量最大。
  12. Desert and oasis ecosystem are the main ecosystems in arid area. studying the characteristics of decaying process, decaying remainders and soil humic acids can accumulate the first hand data for studying the accumulation and decomposition of soil organic matter, the situation of soil fertility, substance cycling and energy flowing in desert - oasis ecosystem, and has the great significance on desert ecosystem restraint and oasis ecosystem extension

    研究荒漠綠洲生態系統中植物殘體在土壤中的腐解過程及腐解物和腐殖物質的特徵，可為研究荒漠綠洲生態系統中土壤有機質的累積和分解、土壤肥力狀況和荒漠綠洲生態系統的物質循環和能量流動積累寶貴的第一手資料，對于抑制荒漠生態的惡化，促進綠洲生態的發展具有重要意義。
  13. This thesis aims at promoting the innovation on irrigation methods and the development of irrigation techniques in vegetable cultivation, and also provides for percolation irrigation by way of experimental study on the seepage flow both in air and soil with zippered plastic pipes and on the application of percolation with zippered plastic pipes to vegetable tomato cultivation in shelves

    本論文通過拉鏈式塑料管大氣、土壤中的滲流試驗研究，以及在大棚蔬菜（番茄）栽培應用拉鏈式塑料管滲灌的試驗研究，希望為保護地蔬菜栽培灌水方法的革新和滲灌灌水技術的發展、拉鏈式塑料管作為滲灌管的可行性和優越性提供理論依據。
  14. Standard test method for determining radionuclides in soils by inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry using flow injection preconcentration

    使用流體噴射預集中的感應耦合等離子體質譜測量法測定土壤中放射性核素的標準試驗方法
  15. The most alarming of all man ' s assaults upon the environment is the contamination of air, earth, rivers, and sea with dangerous and even lethal materials

    在人類破壞環境的種種行為中，最令人擔憂的是人類向大氣、土壤、河流以及海洋中排放危險甚至致命物質，而當今這種污染在很大程度上是無法挽救的。
  16. The most alarming of all man ' s assaults upon the environment is the contamination of air, earth, rivers, and sea with dangerous and even lethal materials. this pollution is for the most part irrecoverable

    在人類破壞環境的種種行為中，最令人擔憂的是人類向大氣土壤河流以及海洋中排放危險甚至致命物質，而當今這種污染在很大程度上是無法挽救的。
  17. Soil nitrogen pool is the main body of terrestrial carbon pools, so it ' s change will possibly result in relatively great change of atmosphere n2o concentration, and, it ' s change will also affect global climate change. meanwhile, the nitrogen in the soil can also cause the water pollution through soil water infiltration and surface runoff

    作為陸地氮庫的主體，土壤氮庫的微小變化，可能導致大氣n _ 2o濃度發生較大的變化，以至影響全球氣候變化；同時土壤中的氮素也可以通過下滲和地表徑流等方式流入水體，導致水體污染。
  18. Cadmium ( cd ) is one of the mostly polluting heavy metal. first, to characterize the adsorption property of cadmium, cadmium adsorption isotherms in soils were determined by the batch experiment, and the adsorption parameters were obtained ; second, miscible displacement experiments were carried out in saturated homogeneous soil columns under steady - state water flow, and the dynamics of flux concentration of cadmium leached in soils were measured

    首先，用批量平衡法開展了鎘在砂質壤土、壤質砂土和粉壤土中的吸附特性的試驗研究，獲得吸附常數；其次，採用易混合置換實驗的方法，對其在穩定流場飽和土壤中的運移進行了室內研究，獲得了目標溶質鎘在定濃度輸入條件下的出流液濃度動態。
  19. Absolute amounts of soil erosion is not large for the falling gradient in black soil region, but the nutrient is high in erosion soil, the nutrient of erosion soil and runoff is high, which leads to soil fertility degeneration, while n and p nutrient pour into water with surface runoff, it leads to water nutrient enrichment and pollution, and becomes one of confined factors of water nutrient enrichment

    吉林農業大學碩士學位論文黑土地表徑流氮磷養分特徵及其與肥力退化的關系由於黑土耕作區坡度平緩，土壤侵蝕的絕對量並不很大，但由於土壤中攜帶的養分高，養分流失的較多，流失的養分將引起肥力的退化，而且氮磷等養分隨地表徑流流出匯入各種水體，引起水體富營養化和污染，成為水體富營養化的限制因子。
  20. On the development process, the rills were influenced by rainfall runoff on slope, but the sockets were the result of the long - term repetitious action of rainfall and runoff and subsurface flow

    在發展過程上，前者受降雨徑流侵蝕作用時間集中；後者是在長期多次降雨形成地面徑流和壤中流侵蝕的共同作用下，逐漸發展起來。
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