外源性途徑 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [wàiyuánxìngtújìng]
外源性途徑 英文
extrinsic pathway
  • 外 : Ⅰ名詞1 （外面） outside; external side 2 （外國） foreign country 3 （以外） besides; beyond; in ...
  • 源 : 名詞1. （水流起頭的地方） source （of a river）; fountainhead 2. （來源） source; cause 3. （姓氏） a surname
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 途 : 名詞（道路） road; route; journey; path; way
  • 徑 : Ⅰ名詞1 （狹窄的道路; 小路） footpath; path; track 2 （達到目的的方法） way; means 3 （直徑的簡稱...
  • 途徑 : road; avenue; way; channel; approach; pathway; track
  1. Arginine feeding experiment showed that nitrogen metabolism in the s. tenebraius was obviously affected by arginine through two possible ways : ( l ) pronase activity in vitro could be influnced by arginine, as a result, the catabolism of nitrogen - containing macro - molecule was promoted and the nitrogen element in the broth was increased. ( 2 ) arginine could be transformed into glutamic acid, so that the biosynthesis of apramycin was promoted

    因而我們認為gln可能是安普黴素生物合成氮元素的供體。 arg添加實驗結果表明， arg可能通過兩種途徑影響黑暗鏈黴菌體內的氮代謝： （ 1 ） arg可能影響胞外蛋白酶的活性，進而促進含氮大分子物質的分解代謝，補充發酵過程中的氮素來源。
  2. Mixers are the key components of many microwave and millimeter - wave systems. the super - heterodyne receiver is always applied in modern communication system, mixer becomes the key component as is at the first part of system. but it is more and more difficult to get the choiceness lo source of the same band with the system is working at high frequency especially in the millimeter - wave. sub - harmonic mixer is a good solution to this problem now. in this circuit we need just half 、 quarter 、 even 1 / 8 of the rf signal frequency. in this paper the design and fabricate of sub - harmonic hmic mixers ( 2, 4 ) at w - band are introduced

    混頻器是微波通信、射電天文學、雷達、等離子物理、遙控、遙感、電子對抗，以及許多微波測量系統中至關重要的部件。在現代通信系統中，毫米波頻段通常採用超外差接收機，混頻器作為第一級就成為關鍵部件。由於在毫米波頻段，同頻段高性能的本振源成本高，技術難度大，採用分諧波混頻技術是解決此問題的有效途徑，只需射頻頻率1 / 2 、 1 / 4甚至1 / 8的本振頻率即可實現混頻。
  3. In recent years, plentiful and substantial fruits achieved by the lb method in simulations of hydraulics, multiphase flows, flows in porous media and heat transfer as well as magnetohydrodynamics, have revealed a broad perspective of application of this method, it will become a powerful competitor to the conventional approaches. in order to absorb the recent achievement in theory and application of the lb method, explore new ways in hydraulic computation to promote the development of practice, some work is car ried out in this thesis, as following : advances in the theory research and application, deductive process of the d2q9 model and some other commonly used models of the lb method are summarized. based on the hydrodynamic and general boundary conditions, a new joint boundary condition is presented, it integrates advantage of the two conditions above and obtains very good results in dealing with all kinds of boundaries of flow fields

    為了消化和吸收近年來lb方法在理論和應用方面的新成果，探索在水力計算方面的新途徑以促進lb方法實用化的發展，本文進行了下列研究工作：綜述了lb方法在理論研究和實際應用方面的新進展，以及d2q9模型的推導過程和其他一些常用的模型；在水動力邊界條件和通用邊界條件的基礎上提出了一種新的聯合邊界條件方法，它綜合了上述兩種邊界條件的優點，在流場的各種邊界處理中取得了非常好的效果，經過模塊化的處理以後這種邊界條件具有更好的實用性；針對均勻網格的lb方法計算效率較低的不足，提出了雙重網格的latticeboltzmann方法，通過二維poiseulle流動、后臺階流動和渠道方槽流動三個算例的模擬，證明這種方法能夠明顯地提高流場模擬的計算效率；此外，根據復雜區域流場的特徵提出了latticeboltzmann方法的分塊-耦合演算法，利用lb方法的計算特性實現塊與塊之間的數據交換，充分利用計算資源提高計算效率，通過對「 t 」型、 「十」型和「 x 」型分岔管道流場的模擬，展示了這種演算法的特徵和優點，以及它所具有的應用前景。
  4. It was suggested that the gene t13m11. 8 could be the ast candidate gene. this gene was 1432bp long with 6 exons and 5 introns. the putative protein of t13m11. 8 gene was highly homologous to dihydroflavonol 4 - reductase ( dfr ), which was an important enzyme in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway

    該基因的dna序列長1432bp ，含有6個外顯子和5個內含子，編碼的蛋白與花青苷生物合成途徑中的二氫黃酮醇4 -還原酶有較高的同源性。
  5. In this paper, it has been studied by the slope - controlled scr rectifier that external characteristic of welder relate to arc digging action and the strong arc force of arc welding power source in manual arc welding formed

    利用一種特製的變結構可控硅整流焊機，研究不同焊機外特性對電弧穿透力的影響；探討了手工電弧焊強電弧力形成機理；並且指出正確設計電源外特性，是獲得較強電弧穿透力的途徑。
  6. On the basis of the study of the theory and appraise method on land use in the small towns from home and abroad, this paper at first conducts a deep study on the development and role of the small towns, indicating that its development has sawn an uneven development phrase and becomes a carrier of the enterprises, a pool of surplus laborers, a hub of material exchanges between the rural and urban areas, a base of spiritual civilization, an important way to achieve urbanization. second, it conducts a study on the situation and features and the problems the land use, indicating that the efficiency of the land use is low, which has a direct influence on the development of agriculture and the role of the small towns. and the study of the demand of the land indicates the shortage of land is serious, and the small town must rationally use the land and increases its intensive role and the economical efficiency to meet the demand

    在分析國內外已有關于小城鎮土地利用的理論與評價方法的基礎上，首先對小城鎮在我國的發展、地位和作用進行了深入的分析，判明我國小城鎮發展經歷了一個曲折向上的發展階段，已成為鄉鎮企業的載體，農村剩餘勞動力的蓄水池，城鄉物資交流的樞紐，農村精神文明的基地，是我國城市化的重要途徑；其次，對小城鎮土地資源利用現狀和特徵進行了探討，並對發展小城鎮建設導致的土地利用問題進行了剖析，表明目前我國大多數小城鎮土地效益和規模效益低下，佔用耕地過多，直接影響農業的發展，影響小城鎮的地位和作用；通過小城鎮土地供需分析研究表明，我國土地短缺十分嚴峻，小城鎮土地需求缺口較大，小城鎮必須合理利用現有土地，增強集約功能和土地經濟效益，從而緩解需求壓力；最後，論文通過運用特爾菲法，描述統計分析法、多元統計分析（主成分分析）法和系統分析法中的層次分析法（ ahp ）等一系列方法，結合定性和定量兩方面，從土地質量、土地資源數量與結構、土地經濟效益、環境效益、社會效益等五個方面進行分析，篩選、建立了土地資源利用評價指標體系，在因子評價的基礎上，建立了土地利用綜合評價模型，並給出了評價過程和方法。
  7. Porous silicon ( ps ) is a new type silicon - based material developed in recent years, which has different properties compared with the crystalline materials. porous silicon can luminescence efficiently across the whole range from the near infrared, through the visible region, to the near uv region. this characteristic makes it possible to fabricate light - emitting devices and solve the key problem of the optoelectronic integrated circuit ( qeic ), opening up the bright future for the vlic

    多孔硅（ ps ）是近年來發展起來的一種新型硅基材料，具有與單晶硅材料大不相同的特性，例如，多孔硅可在近紅外和可見，甚至近紫外區輻射強烈的熒光，使得它可用來製造發光器件，並可望在解決光電子集成電子學的關鍵問題，為製造帶有光源的大規模集成電路等方面開辟新的途徑。
  8. Abstract : in this paper, the use and test status quo of internal and external large - sized coordinate measuring system is analyzed briefly and the composition, measuring method and error source are described. according to the internal use status quo and present level, the performance parameter, test method and material reference of the theodolite system suitable for indoor test and site test are proposed. the technical approaches for developments of the indoor large - sized standard and site material reference are given

    文摘:簡要分析了國內外大尺寸坐標測量系統使用和檢測研究現狀，敘述了經緯儀測量系統的組成、測量方法和誤差來源，根據我國使用現狀和現有水平，提出了經緯儀測量系統性能參數、檢測方法和標準實物，適用於室內檢測和現場檢測，給出了室內大尺寸標準研製和現場標準實物研製的技術途徑。
  9. This thesis regard internal property reorganization in the group of pangang as the research object, from chengdu seamless steel pipe limited liability company with chengdu iron and steel works inside exterior environment reorganizing in front and back commences, making use of to exceed the makel - bot with of five factors competition models and the method of factors analysis, after analyzing the reorganization of the business enterprise a profession for facing competes the situation. develop the development the business enterprise with the profession industry from the international local profession rival circumstance after analyzing the reorganization should the market position of the establishment with develop the strategy target. make use of the swot the analysis the method, to after the reorganization the development strategy of the business enterprise, from manage the angle proceeded the fixed position analyzes, for after the reorganization business enterprise development provided four kinds of developments strategy that eligibility choose : the brave development strategy, request the resources advantage, funds advantage, human resource advantage, technique advantage that new company make the most of new business enterprise in empress in reorganization, is an essential condition to increases to manage the level, quickly technique reforms, develop the high and additional worth product with new product production line, as soon as quikly change to strong and large business enterprise, realizes soon steel aircraft carrier dream ; dispersion strategy, the technology market quota with deal with produce high additional worth product, completely promote business enterprise brand image, extend high carry product of the exaltation product, is a necessary means to increases business enterprise performance, realizes business enterprise target ; defense strategy, adjusting the business enterprise organizes construction, reducing the intensive type in labor and the low additional worth product line, lower bad the property saves the deal, alleviating the business enterprise burden, attaining the casual wear go to battle, benefitting to the challenge that make frontal attack the rival ; withdraw strategy, compress the production of the high depletion and high cost product, simplify the production craft, controlling the cost of the end product in the lower level, is a valid path to increases business enterprise competition ability

    本論文以攀鋼集團內部的資產重組為研究對象，從成都無縫鋼管有限責任公司與成都鋼鐵廠重組前後的內外部環境入手，運用邁克爾?波特的五力競爭模型及因素分析法，分析了重組后的企業所面臨的行業競爭態勢。從國際國內行業競爭對手情況和本行業發展動態分析了重組后企業應確立的市場地位和發展戰略目標。運用swot分析法，對重組后企業的發展戰略，從管理角度進行了定位分析，為重組后企業發展提供了可選擇的四種發展戰略：即大膽發展戰略，要求新公司充分運用重組后新企業的資源優勢，資金優勢，人力資源優勢，技術優勢，是提高管理水平，加快技術改造，開發高附加值產品和新產品生產線，盡快立於強勢企業之林，早日實現「鋼鐵航母」夢的必要條件；分散性戰略，提高產品的科技含量和生產高附加值的產品，全面提升企業品牌形象，擴大高端產品的市場份額，是提高企業效益，實現企業目標的必要手段；防禦性戰略，調整企業組織結構，削減勞動密集型和低附加值產品生產線，降低不良資產存量，減輕企業包袱，做到輕裝上陣，有利於迎擊競爭對手的挑戰；退出性戰略，壓縮高消耗、高成本產品的生產，降低低端產品的比例，精簡生產工藝，將最終產品的成本控制在較低水平，是提高企業競爭力的有效途徑。
  10. Abstract : biological invasions are a continuous feature of a non - equilibrium world, ever more so as a result of accidental and deliberate introductions by mankind. while many of these introductions are apparently harmless, others have significant consequences for organisms native to the invaded range, and entire communities may be affected. here we provide a survey of common models of range expansion, and outline the consequences these models have for patterns in genetic diversity and population structure. we describe how patterns of genetic diversity at a range of markers can be used to infer invasion routes, and to reveal the roles of selection and drift in shaping population genetic patterns that accompany range expansion. we summarise a growing range of population genetic techniques that allow large changes in population size ( bottlenecks and population expansions ) to be inferred over a range of timescales. finally, we illustrate some of the approaches described using data for a suite of invasions by oak gallwasps ( hymenoptera, cynipidae, cynipini ) in europe. we show that over timescales ranging from 500 10000 years, allele frequency data for polymorphic allozymes reveal ( a ) a consistent loss of genetic diversity along invasion routes, confirming the role of glacial refugia as centres of genetic diversity over these timescales, and ( b ) that populations in the invaded range are more subdivided genetically than those in the native range of each species. this spatial variation in population structure may be the result of variation in the patchiness of resources exploited by gallwasps, particularly host oak plants

    文摘:生物入侵是不均衡世界的一個永恆話題，尤其是當人類有意或無意地引入物種后.很多引入顯然是無害的，但另外一些則有著嚴重的後果，會給入侵地的生物以至於整個生物群落造成影響.本文總結了分佈區擴張的常見模式，概述了它們對遺傳多樣性和種群結構式樣所造成的影響.描述了如何根據以一批遺傳標記所得到的遺傳多樣性式樣來推斷入侵途徑，來揭示伴隨擴張選擇和漂變在形成種群遺傳樣式中的作用.本文對日益增多的群體遺傳學方法進行了總結，這些技術可以用來在不同的時間尺度上推斷種群規模所發生的巨大變化（瓶頸效應及種群擴張） .最後，我們以歐洲櫟癭蜂（膜翅目，癭蜂科，癭蜂族）一系列入侵的數據為例對一些方法進行了說明.從500 10000年的時間尺度上，多態的等位酶位點上等位基因頻率的數據表明: 1 ）遺傳多樣性沿入侵路線呈不斷下降的趨勢，支持了冰河期避難所作為遺傳多樣性中心的作用; 2 ）入侵地區的種群與該物種原產地的種群相比，遺傳上的分化更為強烈.這種種群結構在空間上的變異可能是被櫟癭蜂開發的資源尤其是櫟樹寄主在斑塊上出現變異的反映
  11. This study puts the industrial structure theory and firm ability theory in the background of modern competition and, by logic reasoning and case study, converts the industrial selection approach of porter to the industrial innovation approach. the framework to create and sustain the competition advantages is to follow the external path of industrial innovation - opportunity finding - strategic alliance and the internal path of industrial innovation - asset reinforcing - strategic alliance, through the interaction of opportunity finding and assets reinforcing, basing upon the internal resources and ability and taking the advantage of those of other firms according to the rapidly changes of circumstances

    本研究進一步在現代競爭環境下認識產業結構理論和企業能力理論，通過邏輯推理和案例分析的研究方法過渡波特的「產業選擇觀」至「產業創新觀」 ，以「產業創新?機會開發?戰略聯盟」為外部路徑， 「產業創新?資產互補?戰略聯盟」為內部路徑，創新性地探討戰略聯盟在變化的外部環境條件下，立足自身擁有的資源與能力，調配其他企業的資源和能力，在機會開發與資產互補的交互作用過程中創造和保持競爭優勢的途徑和機理，構建戰略聯盟持續競爭優勢創造的理論框架。
  12. The author starts the study with defining some basic concepts and categories, then some related theories of environmental economics, resource economics, ecological economics, and sustainable development are employed to analyze the interrelation between environmental protection and economic development, and inner mechanisms that cause the unbalance between environmental protection and economic development. then the author judges the relationship between environmental protection and economic development in uryr by the methods of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis. on the basis of analyzing the reasons that cause the unbalance between environmental protection and economic development in uryr, and using the experiences of or drawing lessons from the development of other large river basins at home and abroad, the author designs some mechanisms that urge the cdee in uryr, then explores the channels of realizing the cedd in uryr

    本文研究的切入點是界定環境與經濟協調發展的相關基本概念及范疇，然後剖析環境經濟學、資源經濟學、生態經濟學及可持續發展理論等相關理論，力圖全面把握環境與經濟發展的內在聯系以及環境與經濟發展失衡的內在機理，以此為基礎，定性與定量相結合，綜合評判長江上游地區環境與經濟發展關系狀況；在全面分析長江上游地區環境與經濟發展失衡的原因基礎上，結合國內外大河流域開發的經驗和教訓，設計出長江上游地區環境與經濟協調發展的機制，探討長江上游地區環境與經濟協調發展的途徑，研究長江上游地區重點區域實現環境與經濟協調發展的對策措施。
  13. The seed - specific promoter commonly under investigation today belongs to promoter, which can promote the exogenous genes to express specifically in the seed, improve the plant metabolism path as desired, and raise the nourishment material content in the seed

    目前州門所廣泛研究的種子特異性啟動子基本上屬于類啟動子，它可以驅使外源基因在植物的種子中特異表達，按照人們的意願改進植物代謝途徑，提高種子中營養物質含量等。
  14. Generally speaking, there are four steps in the exploitation and utilization of kbc resources : setting objectives, evaluating and selecting curriculum resources and assessing the results. to be open, economic, economic, pertinent, individual, moderate are several principles to be followed, and they should be carried out by evaluation of the needs of infants and parents, prediction of social development and needs, exaltation of teachers " ability and realization of potentiality, optimization and integration of resources inside and outside of kindergarten

    園本課程資源的開發利用一般要經過確立課程目標、評估課程資源、選擇利用課程資源、評價開發利用效果等四步流程，遵循開放性、經濟性、針對性、個體性、適度性等原則，通過幼兒與家長的需求評估、社會發展和需要預測、教師能力提升和潛力展現、園內外資源的優化和整合、數字化資源的管理和便捷化等途徑來進行。
  15. The exon trapping, an " cdna - indepentent " technology, has been used for several years. its virtue is to know the position of the exon, exclude the others sources and eliminate the problems of the putative positive or reselection. so, exon trapping is one of the most important means for isolating the disease gene at susceptible sites

    近年來採用的外顯子捕獲是一種「 cdna -非依賴性」的技術，這種方法的優點是得到的外顯子都已進行了定位，排除了其它來源的可能性，消除了「 cdna -依賴性」克隆技術的假陽性及復選性問題，因此它是從易感位點分離疾病基因的重要途徑之一。
  16. Although israel is a strategic asset to the superpowers, israeli political - military leadership often emphasizes that the development of self - defense capability as a precondition for great - power readiness to support israel and cooperate with it. in this paper, author would introduce israel weaponry development model from several aspects : history, environment and context, implement way and social influence, etc. through this introduction, author tries to find some useful factors for china to accomplish the modernization of national defense

    本文以中東以色列為例，從歷史、環境、實施途徑和影響等角度分析了以色列武器裝備「外援-外源」型發展模式，並進一步分析了它是如何在「引入與自主」之間找到平衡點，憑借自己與西方大國，特別是美國的親密關系，在經過幾十年的技術和實物積累之後，從一群烏合之眾變成地區性的軍事強國。
  17. The model can not only show the influence of freeway on economics increase but also the influence of freeway on sustainable development of social economics through resource, eco - environment, et al which provides an effective way for quantifying externality of freeway

    該模型不但能反映高速公路對經濟增長的影響，也能通過資源、生態環境等反映高速公路對社會經濟可持續發展的影響，為量化高速公路外部性提供了有效的途徑。
  18. In this paper, the author discussed the principle such as holistic approach, interaction characteristic, systematicness, operation that should followed in the process of digitizing library collection resources, the main content including stocking electronic resources and digitizing library collection resources, and the implement method choosing xml as information organization technology

    就館藏資源數字化建設過程中應遵循的整體性、互動性、特色性、系統性、可操作性等原則，校外電子資源采購和本校館藏資源數字化等主要內容，和xml技術實現途徑進行了論述。
  19. From the result of electrophoresis, it known that the different components of the enzyme system were expressed cooperatively. in order to study the essence of cellualase induction of different carbon sources, the extracellular, plasm - membrane - bound and intracellular cellulases were made to transform different soluble inducers, and the productions were analyzed by gc chromatogram. the results supported the assumption that cellobiose acted as the direct inducer or the metabolic analogue, b - gentiobiose from cellobiose acted as the true inducer through different metabolism ways in different strains

    制備細胞膜外、細胞膜、細胞內纖維素酶，用定位於這三部位的纖維素酶分別轉化底物，然後進行氣相色譜定性分析，從而探討了不同碳源之間的誘導本質，結果認為不可溶的胞外纖維素以纖維二糖為橋梁，遵循不同的代謝途徑，直接或間接地誘導了兩株不同真菌纖維素酶的合成。
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