寄主選擇性 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [jìzhǔxuǎnzháixìng]
寄主選擇性
英文
host selection-
The convexity of the seed capsule is of decisive importance in host selection.
種子囊的突起對寄主的選擇起著決定性的作用。Provided with additional fresh hosts at emergence and the early stage of adult, the females showed no increased preference to volatiles in the y - tube olfactometer
羽化期和成蟲初期是否投放新鮮寄主，對雌蜂的氣味選擇性沒有明顯的影響。Some aspects of the interactions in the tritrophic system of two brassica plants, the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella, and the parasitoid, diadegma semiclausum, were studied in the laboratory. firstly, the host selection of p. xylostella and d. semiclausum were examined by choice tests using two host plants and cultivars. secondly, the behavioural responses of p. xylostella and d. semiclausum to various plant volatiles were bioassayed
本文以十字花科蔬菜-小菜蛾-半閉彎尾姬蜂三重營養關系為研究對象，主要就小菜蛾及半閉彎尾姬蜂對不同蔬菜的產卵選擇性、蔬菜揮發物在小菜蛾及半閉彎尾姬蜂寄主選擇中的作用、半閉彎尾姬蜂的寄主搜索行為和學習行為等方面進行了研究。Abstract : biological invasions are a continuous feature of a non - equilibrium world, ever more so as a result of accidental and deliberate introductions by mankind. while many of these introductions are apparently harmless, others have significant consequences for organisms native to the invaded range, and entire communities may be affected. here we provide a survey of common models of range expansion, and outline the consequences these models have for patterns in genetic diversity and population structure. we describe how patterns of genetic diversity at a range of markers can be used to infer invasion routes, and to reveal the roles of selection and drift in shaping population genetic patterns that accompany range expansion. we summarise a growing range of population genetic techniques that allow large changes in population size ( bottlenecks and population expansions ) to be inferred over a range of timescales. finally, we illustrate some of the approaches described using data for a suite of invasions by oak gallwasps ( hymenoptera, cynipidae, cynipini ) in europe. we show that over timescales ranging from 500 10000 years, allele frequency data for polymorphic allozymes reveal ( a ) a consistent loss of genetic diversity along invasion routes, confirming the role of glacial refugia as centres of genetic diversity over these timescales, and ( b ) that populations in the invaded range are more subdivided genetically than those in the native range of each species. this spatial variation in population structure may be the result of variation in the patchiness of resources exploited by gallwasps, particularly host oak plants
文摘:生物入侵是不均衡世界的一個永恆話題，尤其是當人類有意或無意地引入物種后.很多引入顯然是無害的，但另外一些則有著嚴重的後果，會給入侵地的生物以至於整個生物群落造成影響.本文總結了分佈區擴張的常見模式，概述了它們對遺傳多樣性和種群結構式樣所造成的影響.描述了如何根據以一批遺傳標記所得到的遺傳多樣性式樣來推斷入侵途徑，來揭示伴隨擴張選擇和漂變在形成種群遺傳樣式中的作用.本文對日益增多的群體遺傳學方法進行了總結，這些技術可以用來在不同的時間尺度上推斷種群規模所發生的巨大變化（瓶頸效應及種群擴張） .最後，我們以歐洲櫟癭蜂（膜翅目，癭蜂科，癭蜂族）一系列入侵的數據為例對一些方法進行了說明.從500 10000年的時間尺度上，多態的等位酶位點上等位基因頻率的數據表明: 1 ）遺傳多樣性沿入侵路線呈不斷下降的趨勢，支持了冰河期避難所作為遺傳多樣性中心的作用; 2 ）入侵地區的種群與該物種原產地的種群相比，遺傳上的分化更為強烈.這種種群結構在空間上的變異可能是被櫟癭蜂開發的資源尤其是櫟樹寄主在斑塊上出現變異的反映However, volatiles from the same treatment plants of chinese cabbage cultivars or common cabbage cultivars were no difference for adult females. ( 3 ) the females of d. semiclausum reared on radish were tested in the oviposotion selection of d. semiclausum between chinese cabbage and common cabbage. when d. semiclausum wasps were provided with equal numbers of larvae of p. xylostella, the number of hosts parasitized on chinese cabbage was more than on common cabbage
（ 3 ）以蘿卜為寄主植物飼養的半閉彎尾姬蜂，對白菜、甘藍不同寄主植物上寄主幼蟲的產卵選擇性試驗結果表明，當寄主幼蟲的密度相同時，該蜂顯著嗜好寄生白菜上的小菜蛾幼蟲，而對白菜早熟五號、夏豐兩個品種間以及甘藍蘇晨一號、京豐一號兩個品種間小菜蛾幼蟲的寄生率無顯著差異。Finally, volatiles collected from the headspace of various plant treatments were collected and identified. in addition, the learning and the host foraging behaviour of d. semiclausum were studied. the resulte are summarized as follows : ( 1 ) the females of p. xylostella reared on radish were tested in the oviposition selection of p. xylostella between chinese cabbage and common cabbage
結果如下： （ 1 ）以蘿卜為寄主植物飼養的小菜蛾，對白菜、甘藍不同寄主植物的產卵選擇性試驗結果表明，小菜蛾在白菜上的產卵量顯著大於在甘藍上的產卵量；小菜蛾對白菜或甘藍各四個品種的植株的產卵選擇性也表現出一定差異，但總體上差異不大。分享友人