懲罰領域 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [chéngfálǐngyù]
懲罰領域 英文
retribution
  • 懲 : 動詞1. （處罰） punish; penalize 2. [書面語] （警戒） take or give warning
  • 罰 : Ⅰ動詞[書面語] （處罰） punish; penalize; fine; forfeit Ⅱ名詞（處罰） punishment; penalty
  • 領 : Ⅰ名詞1 （頸; 脖子） neck 2 （領子; 領口） collar; neckband 3 （大綱; 要點） outline; main point; ...
  • 域 : 名詞（在一定疆界內的地方; 疆域） land within certain boundaries; territory; region
  • 領域 : 1. （一個國家行使主權的區域） territory; domain; realm 2. （范圍） field; sphere; domain; realm
  1. The educational ideas of student - oriented and respecting students " character have been rooted in the mind of people. the public pay increasingly attention to and make a deeper discussion on a series of problems, like students " rights. under this background, punishment as an educational mode, its position and foundation get a challenge and suspect from different people unprecedentedly in the educational field, especially in the educational practice of both preliminary and middle school

    然而，隨著時代發展和科技進步，人類對自身認識不斷深入，教育理念不斷地更新，學生觀得到了根本性的改變，以學生為本、尊重學生個性的教育理念已經日益深入人心，公眾對學生基本權利等一系列問題日趨關注、探討日益深入，在這種大背景下，懲罰作為一種教育方式，在教育領域中尤其在中小學教育實踐中，其應有的地位和作用史無前例的受到了來自不同層面的個體的挑戰和質疑。
  2. It is a big problem in the executive would to determine the amount of the compensation, because the moral injury is imperceptible and immeasurable. though there is no equivalent relation between the injury and the compensation, the function of soothing and punishment of the compensation cannot be denied, and it is an effective means of almsgiving. at present, the compensation amount in china is too low. and it should be increased. besides, it is not suitable to have the uppermost limit of the compensation, because the society develops so quickly. the amount of the compensation depends on the free measurement of the judge according to the normal criterion and the defails of the case

    精神損害賠償數額的確定，是實務界的一大難點。因精神損害的無形性、不可計量性，故精神損害與賠償之間不存在商品貨幣領域里等價交換的對應關系，但金錢賠償具有撫慰與懲罰功能，因而不能否認精神損害賠償的金錢救濟方式。目前，我國精神損害賠償數額較低，應適當提高賠償數額。
  3. Punitive damages is n ' t suitable to be applied widely in nowadays in our country, but in some unusual areas where torts is very serious and the existing law is n ' t sufficient, we can use it

    在我國不宜廣泛適用懲罰性賠償，但在民事侵權行為十分嚴重，現有的法律制度不足以有效遏制的一些特殊領域，可以適用懲罰性賠償。
  4. Restorative criminal responsibility refers to one kind of crime responsibility idea and the pattern that takes repairing the harm and restoring the relations as the entity burden orientation in the crime domain of violating individual law profit. restorative criminal responsibility is opposite to the retaliatory or suppressive crime responsibility which takes exerting the harm and the pain as the burden orientation, it actually makes up, but does not depart from the contemporary mainstream criminal activity penalty theory ? ? " intergrative theory "

    恢復性刑事責任是指在侵害個人法益犯罪領域以修復損害與復和關系為實體負擔取向的一種犯罪責任理念與模式，它與以施加損害與痛苦為負擔取向的報復性或壓制性犯罪責任相對立，實是對當代主流刑事懲罰理論? ? 「一體論」的補足而非背離。
  5. Treating punitive damages as the main object to research, this thesis adopts various methods including comparison between two legal systems, legal interpretative analysis and case study, involves relevant problems such as the conception and character, the integrants and the character of liability. furthermore, this thesis also discusses the applicable realm of punitive damages in china " law

    本文以懲罰性損害賠償為研究對象，採用比較分析、法解釋學分析、以及案例分析等方法，主要闡明了懲罰性損害賠償的概念和特徵，以及中國現行法律制度下懲罰性損害賠償的構成要件和責任性質，並對今後我國懲罰性損害賠償的發展領域做了一些探討。
  6. In the article, the research has also widely involved in the disputed problems in the field of responsibility, such as : the national liability, legal person ' s liability, strict liability, the wrong legalization, the quantity determination for the punishment etc. author : she - junchen directed by prof. zhou - yongkun & hu - yuhong

    文章在論述過程中還廣泛的涉及責任領域的爭議問題，如國家責任、法人責任、嚴格責任、不知法律的免責性、懲罰的量的確定等問題。
  7. With the development of personnel system reform in chinese public institution, the teachers - engagement system in university come to reality. as well known, the foundation of teachers - engagement system bases on scientific teacher assessment. unfourtunately, the current assessment theory of university teachers is obviously unable to explain or solve those problems occurred in university teacher assessment. thus reforming on current university teacher assessment system and raising human resources management skills of university become more and more urgent. there are two popular teacher assessment theories at present, one is teacher assessment aiming at reward and punishment, another, another is developmental assessment of teacher, the two kinds of assessment theories both have their own drawbacks : teacher assessment aiming at reward and punishment pays over attention to the function of choice and appraisal, this can be found easily in lately universities of china, such as " survival of the fittest ", " reward best and punish worst ", " eliminate the lasf ' and so on ; although developmental assessment of teacher declares to promote teachers - efficiency under no pressure of reward or punishment, it lacks of operation ability and needs to spend lots of time and resources, thus it is very hard use in real situation

    目前在教育領域流行的教師評價主流是獎懲性教師評價（總結性教師評價）和發展性教師評價，但這兩種教師評價體系都或多或少的有各自的弊端：獎懲性教師評價過于偏重鑒定選擇功能，近幾年在我國高校教師評價中經常用到的「優勝劣汰」 ， 「獎優罰劣」 ， 「末位淘汰」 ， 「能者上、庸者下」等等，都充分反映出我國教師評價中以獎懲為目的的鑒定選擇功能發揮到了極致；而近年引入國內的發展性教師評價理論雖然標榜是一種不以獎懲為目的而是在沒有獎懲的條件下促進教師的專業發展，從而實現學校的發展目標的評價體系，但由於其可操作性不強，在發源地英國和美國的實施情況卻並不如意? ?需要耗費大量的資源和時間而難以真正貫徹落實。
  8. The punitive compensation system is take the traditional compensatory damage compensate as the foundation, in compensates under the premise which the victim loses, it has punishes party causing an injury ' s mistake behavior and the deterrent illegal man multiple function. current our country is occupying the social reforming time, because the law, the laws and regulations are not perfect, has had many illegal violations behaviors. but traditional civil law damage compensate, because it does not have the punitive compensation system

    本文認為，適當地加大懲罰性賠償的適用范圍，使之適用於侵權責任、違約責任和產品責任等領域，並以侵權行為人或違約方的「故意」或「重大過失」作為適用之基本條件，全面保護受損害方的合法權益;充分發揮懲罰性賠償的懲罰、威懾等功能，減少違法行為的發生，促進社會主義市場經濟的健康有序運行。
  9. The author wants to construct a rationalist value of educational punishment through a deep discussion of punishment in preliminary and middle school in order to provide a possible means to theoretical research and practical exploration of punishment in educational field and also open a convenient window for hunting for a really effective educational way

    筆者力圖通過對中小學懲罰問題的探討，構建一種較為理性化的教育懲罰觀，以期為我國教育領域中懲罰問題的理論研究和實踐探索提供一種可能的思路，為尋求一條切實有效的教育途徑打開一扇方便之門。
  10. But no matter whether they agree it or not, " punishment " will be concerned. punishment as an idea existing in education all the time. until now the phenomenon of punishment still exists, and with the punishing matter also changing, and the ideas and thoughts of punishment have been effecting the educational practice

    不管人們贊同還是反對，懲罰作為一種理念和存在，從來都沒有從教育史中消失過，直至現在，在教育領域中懲罰現象還存在著、懲罰事件也還在不斷發生著，懲罰的理念和思想也還在影響著教育實踐。
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