授權原則 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shòuquányuánzé]
授權原則 英文
authorization principle
  • 授 : Ⅰ動詞1. （交付; 給予） award; vest; confer; give 2. （傳授; 教） teach; instruct Ⅱ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 權 : Ⅰ名詞1 [書面語] （秤錘） counterpoise; weight （of a steelyard）2 （權力） power; authority 3 （...
  • 原 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （最初的; 原來的） primary; original; former 2 （沒有加工的） unprocessed; raw Ⅱ動詞（原...
  • 則 : Ⅰ名詞1 （規范） standard; norm; criterion 2 （規則） regulation; rule; law 3 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ...
  • 授權 : empower; authorize; warrant
  1. The following principles are guides to delegation of authority.

    以下各項原則是授權的準繩。
  2. As electronic funds transfers mainly use the bank card as launch tool, however, the present bank card itself has inhesion defaults, such as easily be forged and illegally used, so there have many unauthorized electronic funds transfers, and then it becomes a problem that any country which want to develop it. the loss caused by the third party outside the system is that party, such loss should be beard by the third party, just for sustaining normal operation of the system of electronic funds transfers, when the third party disappears, the loss should be allocated among parties in the system

    由於磁條式銀行卡易被偽造和冒用，使得未經授權的電子資金劃撥不斷發生，由此而造成的系統內的損失承擔也成為一個難以解決的問題。筆者通過考察我國各發卡銀行制定的銀行卡章程及領用合同中確定損失分擔的條款，發現這些條款違背了《合同法》第四十條的規定，違背了誠實信用原則，應當認定為無效。
  3. ( 2 ) aiming at the requirement of safe storage of the electronic documents on the information integrated platform in manufacturing enterprise, using encryption / decryption and compression / uncompression techniques and saving the electronic documents as some special attribute object of large database and managing the enterprise electronic documents effectively through database, a safe access mechanism of functional grant < wp = 7 > and recommendatory grant to decrease grant management maintenance cost is proposed and the storage mechanism of special database attribute object is studied and the method for saving, accessing and retrieving electronic document quickly is constructed. thus these methods can make the electronic documents of information integrated platform in manufacturing enterprises get safe, reliable and quick access. ( 3 ) according to this circumstance in which web pages are selected as the user interface of manufacturing application system, the safe measures of access control over web page resources are provided

    （ 2 ）針對製造企業信息集成平臺中電子文檔安全存儲要求，採用加密和壓縮技術，將電子文檔作為大型數據庫中某種特殊屬性對象來存儲，以數據庫方式對企業電子文檔進行集成的、統一的管理，提出一種訪問控制的增強型安全設計原則，基於此原則建立了管理授權和推薦式授權的安全訪問機制，用以提高系統的訪問安全性，並大大減少授權管理維護量；研究了特殊屬性對象的數據庫存儲機理，從而構造一種快速存儲、訪問和檢索電子文檔的方法，使得企業信息集成平臺的電子文檔獲得安全、可靠、快速的訪問。
  4. In keeping with the " know your customer " principle, institutions should obtain satisfactory evidence of the identity of beneficial owners, directors and authorized signatories of shell companies

    認可機構應遵從認識你的客戶的原則，充分核實空殼公司的實益擁有人董事和獲授權簽署人的身分。
  5. Therefore, the author bring forward some suggest to perfect the company memorandum of ours. for instance, to separate the memorandum of association into two parts ; to distinguish and define the absolute recordation, relative recordation and random recordation ; to substitute the authorized capital system for the legal capital system ; to abolish the " ultra vires rule ", etc. and the author hopes to get consideration from more scholars on the basic theory subject, memorandum of association in corporation law as well as a fruitful result both in legislation and practice by this dissertation

    由此，筆者提出了完善我國公司章程制度的若干建議，如：強調通過公司章程實現公司自治；對公司章程在形式上作兩部分區分；明確公司章程中的絕對、相對和任意記載事項；用授權資本制取代法定資本制；取消「越圍原則」對公司經營范圍的限制；強化公司章程的可訴性；完善公司章程的修改原則、程序和權限等。
  6. With respect to inventions and creations in cooperative development, the right to apply for a patent shall be jointly owned by the parties who participated in the cooperative development, except as otherwise agreed upon by the parties

    第一種，先發明原則。即兩個以上的申請人分別就同樣的發明申請專利時，不論誰先提出專利申請，專利權授予最先完成發明的申請人。
  7. Here the author puts forward that it should follow four principles. they are the principles of vertical authorization, horizontal combination of lines and blocks, a combination of government ' s administrative conduct and social conduct, a combination of management and service. based on these principles, we should build a structure of three administrative sub - systems, which is called the system of party and administrative leadership, the system of department execution, the system of support and supervision

    文章第四部分提出在遵循縱向層層授權、橫向條塊結合、政府行政行為與社會自主行為相結合、管理與服務相結合這四條原則的基礎上，構築新型的街藝巴八碩士學住論文wmasthr 』 sthesis道社區管理組織，它應包括三個管理子系統? ?黨政領導系統、專業執行系統、支持監督系統，分別履行制定政策、執行政策、反饋和監督政策功能。
  8. The mortgagor shall in case of a natural person, submit the original attorney agreement together with copy of his her personal certificate which should be notarized and attested in its locality, in case of a company, submit the original attorney agreement together with copy of the company s registration certificate which should be notarized and attested in its locality, meanwhile, the mortgagor shall also provide decision on the mortgage passed through on the meeting of its board of directors

    抵押人出具授權委託書原件，若抵押人是自然人，則需連同其個人身份證明的復印件一起辦理相應公證及認證手續，若抵押人是公司，則需連同該公司注冊證明文件的復印件一起辦理相應公證及認證手續。同時，還需抵押人提供其公司董事會關于抵押事項所作決議
  9. The material bases of company credits can be reinforced by focusing on company capital with the aid of the system to rule against the juridical person of a company or to deepen the management of a company

    完善公司治理結構有助於提升公司履行義務的誠意；以授權資本制為核心，同時輔之以公司法人格否認制度和深石原則，可以強化公司信用的物質基礎。
  10. In this thesis, after analyzing corporate capital, corporate capital system, the advantage and disadvantage of three kinds of corporate systems, the author used methods such as “ the law of barrel ”, “ cost - benefit ”, mathematics equation and so on with innovation to analyze three principles of corporate capital ( confirming, maintaining and unchanging ) and the applying effects of three corporate capital systems in different social environments. it is found that statutory capital system is favorable to increase the cost of setting up and running a company, to prevent some one with bad intention from corporate economical deception and upsetting the social economic order. but with the completion of the relevant social systems, the cost of corporate economical deception is increased ; the events of corporate economical deception and the destruction influence can be lowered down

    本文在分析公司資本、公司資本制度內涵及三種資本制度優缺點的前提下，創新地運用經濟學的「木桶原則」 、 「成本?效益」和數學方程式等方法，分析公司資本的確定、維持、不變三原則和三種資本制度對不同社會環境的適用效果后，認為法定資本制有利提高設立、運營公司的成本，阻止一部分惡意人員利用公司進行經濟詐欺，擾亂社會經濟秩序，但隨著相關社會制度體系的完善，相關制度體系提高了惡意人員利用公司經濟詐欺的成本，減少了經濟詐欺的行為與損害後果，這時，法定資本制度保持原有設立、運營公司的高門檻就顯得不合理，其阻礙社會資本進入公司發展的副作用就突出了;而折衷、授權資本制對公司設立、運營的成本依次降低，更有利於公司吸收社會資本發揮經濟推動作用。
  11. If the distribution and or use of the program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright holder who places the program under this license may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded

    若因為專利或享有著作權保護的介面問題，而使得本程序的發布與或使用局限於某些國家時，則將本程序置於本授權規范之下的原著作權人得增列明確的發布地區限制條款，將這些國家排除在外，而使發布的許可只限在未受排除的國家之內或之中。
  12. If the distribution and / or use of the program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright holder who places the program under this license may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded

    若因為專利或享有著作權保護的介面問題，而使得本程式的散布與?或使用局限於某些國家時，則將本程式置於本授權規范之下的原著作權人得增列明確的散布地區限制條款，將該等國家排除在外，而使散布的許可只限在未受排除的國家之內或之中。
  13. This rtcle finaily gave four basic jurisprudence principle and staed the concrete limit of our govemment ' s intervention in economy : constitution authorization principle discuss the limit of our govmment ' s intervention in economy from the power souree and powr limit of the govmment ' s intervention in economy ; legislation adjustment principle discuss the limit of our govemment ' s intervention in economy from the power - adjusting form and relatal law systems of our nmment ' s intervention in economy ; the principle of indirect adjusanent discusses the limit of our govmment ' s intervention in economy from the concrete means of our wmmen ' s interventthe in economy ; the proper procedure principle discusses the limit of our govmment ' s intervention in economy from the wothing mechanism of our govemment ' s intervention in economy, and at last set up the legitimate base of our govemment ' s intervention in economy of the moment

    為此，本文最後從分析法律自身具有限制這一特性出發，通過提出四個基本法理原則，論述當前我國政府干預經濟的具體限度：憲法授權原則從我國政府干預經濟的權力來源、權限范疇來論述我國政府干預經濟的限度；立法調控原則從我國政府干預經濟的權力調控形式及相關法律體系來論述我國政府干預經濟的限度；間接調控原則從我國政府干預的具體方式來論述我國政府干預經濟的限度；正當程序原則從我國政府干預經濟的運行機制來論述我國政府干預經濟的限度，從而最終確立當前我國政府干預經濟的正當性基礎。
  14. It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

    論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。
  15. The positive movement in power in government is a government agency within the scope of the law clearly show authorizes or negative tacit consent of according purpose, spirit with fair and reasonable principle, according to effective demand with concrete circumstance, judgment, choice, decision administration behavior method with contents

    政府權力良性運行是政府機關在法律法規明示授權或消極默許的范圍內基於立法目的、精神和公正合理原則，根據實際需要和具體情況，判斷、選擇、決定行政行為方式和內容。
  16. Actions that are not legally authorized are frequently called “ illegitimate ” whereas actions that are lawful are sometimes seen as legitimate for that reason

    正是基於這個原因，我們常常把未經法律授權的行為叫做「不正當」 ，而合法的行為則常常被認為是正當的。
  17. The strong idea of historiographic - biography literature that the power of emperors comes from gods influences and determines that ancient full - length novels pursue the fanciful and the illusory ; the unique narrating structure of the historiographic - biography literature determines the pattern of circle structure and the skill of linking up ; and historians ' spirit of memorizing determines the creative motivation and principle

    史傳文學濃厚的君權神授的觀念，決定了古代長篇小說對奇、幻的追求；史傳文學獨有的局部單元敘述結構的自成格局和獨立性的敘述結構，決定了古代長篇小說的循環結構模式和彩線貫珠式的結構方法；史家的「發憤著書」說和實錄精神，決定了古代長篇小說的創作動機和原則。
  18. Abstract : according to the basic rules of network management, this paper describes the essential functions of how to monitor certificate authorities in a distributed certification system at real time, then proposes the implementation model and internal protocols

    文摘:根據網路安全管理的基本原則，闡述分散式證書系統證書授權機構實時監控的基本功能，提出實時監控的實現模型和內部協議。
  19. In recent years, all parts of the country in develop constantly, abundant state - run assets manage at the foundation of theory and practice, the requests of the principle separated according to division between politics and enterprises, policy money and setting - up modern enterprise system, structure the government ( the committee of state - run assets ) taking relations between ownership and management of enterprises as the thread - the state - run capital operation organization successively - state - owned enterprise ( company ) three levels, management system of state - run assets with clear duty, and through authorizing managing to the state - run capital operation mechanism, in the hope of achieving and solving " empty location " of the ownership of the state - run capital and purpose to implement value preserving and appreciation responsibility

    近年來，全國各地在不斷發展、豐富國有資產管理理論和實踐的基礎上，按照政企分開、政資分離的原則和建立現代企業制度的要求，陸續構建了以產權關系為主線的政府（國資委） ?國有資本運營機構?國有企業（公司）三個層次的、職責明確的國有資產管理體系，並通過對國有資本運營機構實施授權經營，以期達到解決國有資本所有權「虛位」和落實保值增值責任的目的。
  20. “ the powers not delegated to the united states by the constitution, nor prohibited by it to the state, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people

    美國憲法第十修正案明確規定了「權力授予原則」 ，即不存在憲法未授予的權力，政府權力必須有憲法基礎。
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