提供證據的責任 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [dīgōngzhèngjùdezérèn]
提供證據的責任 英文
burden of proof
  • 提 : 提動詞（垂手拿著） carry （in one's hand with the arm down）
  • 供 : 供Ⅰ名詞1 （供品） offerings 2 （口供; 供詞） confession; deposition Ⅱ動詞1 （供奉） lay （offerin...
  • 證 : Ⅰ動詞（證明） prove; verify; demonstrate Ⅱ名詞1 （證據） evidence; proof; testimony; witness 2 （...
  • 據 : 據Ⅰ動詞1 （占據） occupy; seize 2 （憑借; 依靠） rely on; depend on Ⅱ介詞（按照; 依據） according...
  • 的 : 4次方是 The fourth power of 2 is direction
  • 責 : Ⅰ名詞（責任） duty; responsibility Ⅱ動詞1 （要求做成某事或行事達到一定標準） demand; ask for; req...
  • 任 : 任名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 提供 : provide; supply; furnish; offer
  • 證據 : evidence; proof; testimony
  • 責任 : 1. （應做的事） duty; responsibility 2. （應承擔的過失） responsibility for a fault or wrong; blame
  1. The article points out the importance and necessity of the information - security from its actuality in our country. the resources in the information system, for instance, hardware, software, data, document, operator, meterial and so on, are evaluated and gived safety grade firstly. and then, it analyses the menace including the nonauthorized access, the information leak, the refused sevice, the internal objection which the system will take. the following are the corresponding control police : confirm the users " rights and duties, including the mode of using account, the limit of accessing resource, the application of password, the building of backup ; confirm the administrators " right and duties, including physical safety, system configuration, account configuration and usufruct, password management, audit and control, backup and individual intimity ; run - of - mill measure of security defence, including access control, symbol and identification, integrality control, password technique, firewall system, audit and resumption, safety of operating system, safety of database system, defence of computers " virus and resisting - deny protocol. in the end, the article offers the strategies of disposing the safety - accident and analyse after ithow. to report it, how to solve it in phase, and how to avoid it happening again. in a word, the article presents a holistic resolvent about keeping away the information system ' s security, and supplies a essential frame for its configuration, management and application

    然後，對系統可能受到的威脅，包括非授權訪問、信息泄漏、拒絕服務和內部缺陷等進行分析，並提出了相應的控制策略：確定用戶的權力和責任，包括帳戶使用方式、資源訪問權限、口令應用以及建立備份等；確定系統管理員的權力和責任，包括物理安全、系統配置、帳戶設置及使用權限、口令管理、審計和監控、備份以及個人隱私等方面；一般性的安全防護措施：存取控制、標識和認證、完整性控制、密碼技術、防火墻系統、審計和恢復、操作系統安全、數據庫系統安全、計算機病毒防護和抗抵賴協議等。最後，對事故處理和事後分析提供策略，如何報告安全事故，如何協調解決安全事故，如何避免安全事故再次發生。總之，本文對信息系統安全防範工作給出一個整體的解決方案，為其在配置、管理和應用方面提供了基本的框架。
  2. To adduce adequate evidence is called burden of adducing evidence, and to adduce evidence to prove the fact presented is cal led burden of demonstration

    提出足夠數量證據的責任，稱為提供證據責任。利用證據對所主張的事實加以證明或者推翻不利推定，並達到法律規定的程度的責任，稱為論證責任。
  3. Giving a letter is the capital that points to client of orgnaization of finance of commercial bank xiang fei to be offerred directly, perhaps be to the client in concerned economy activity the compensation that arises possibly, assurance that pays responsibility to make, include financing of loan, trade, bill financing, financing to rent, overdraw, the business inside the watch such as each money advanced for sb to be paid back later, and bill accept, open a l / c, defend case, reserve confirmed, bond issues l / c, letter of credit assure, loan assures, the business outside the watch such as the loan commitment with the asset sale that has recourse, irrevocable untapped

    授信是指商業銀行向非金融機構客戶直接提供的資金，或者對客戶在有關經濟活動中可能產生的賠償、支付責任做出的保證，包括貸款、貿易融資、票據融資、融資租賃、透支、各項墊款等表內業務，以及票據承兌、開出信用證、保函、備用信用證、信用證保兌、債券發行擔保、借款擔保、有追索權的資產銷售、未使用的不可撤消的貸款承諾等表外業務。
  4. One ( the burden of producing evidence ) shifts, the other ( the burden of proof ) does not. based on the result of comparative research, this thesis tries to study the relevant question in china

    就我國來講，從以前簡單從提供證據的責任論文摘要、中文）作為該領域問題的主導思想，到最新的司法解釋確立證明責任解決問題的思想，我國的理論和實踐都已經發生了相當的變革。
  5. In the part of analysis of advantages and disadvantages of presumption of knowledge, it analyses that presumption of knowledge favorably serves to distribute reasonably the responsibility of producing ? evidence, to realize impartiality and efficiency of procedural law and to satisfy the needs of reality and criminal policy. on the other hand, it provides theoretical preparation for prevention of risk by pointing out its disadvantages of the inaccuracy in the presumed results and the possibility of presuming negligence as knowledge

    「明知推定的利弊分析」部分，則分析了明知推定具有合理分配提供證據的責任，實現訴訟法之公正與效益價值，滿足現實需要與刑事政策需要等作用；同時也存在推定結果精確性有欠缺和疏忽大意過失可能被推定為明知等弊端，為防範風險提供理論準備。
  6. The former, also called action liability, means the proof liability of the person to deliver evidence for the fact he advocates. while the latter, called result liability, is the liability of unfavorable result that the person who advocates is assumed to undertake when the fact is unclear. they have the following relationships

    行為意義上的舉證責任是指當事人就其主張的事實負有提供證據的責任，簡稱行為責任；結果意義上的舉證責任是指在事實真偽不明時，主張該事實的當事人承擔不利訴訟後果的責任，簡稱結果責任。
  7. The civil procedure reform, starting from fortifying both parties " responsibility of providing evidence, slowly developed into an overall reform because evidence is the key of civil procedure

    加強當事人的提供證據之責任之所以能引起民事訴訟制度的全面改革，是因為證據制度是民事訴訟的核心部位，對這一核心部位的改革能產生「牽一發而動全身」的效應。
  8. Then we define criterions including a series of software practice process and method and tools, which are also fit most of home software corporation to application software exploration and fit them to improve their software exploration engineering management before passing evaluation of cmm. the criterions we defined using a series normative process and document to engineer software exploration, which include " project management criterion ", " configuration management criterion ", " software test criterion ", " document writing criterion ", " software exploration and maintenance criterion ", ' software life cycle guide ", etc. " project management criterion " defines area and principle of software research management, which is practiced to manage the people, technology, resources, software, process and so on to improve efficiency and to ensure quality and increase income

    《項目管理規程》定義軟體研發管理的范圍、原則，通過實施該規程來對項目中的人員、技術、資源、軟體、過程等進行全方位的管理，一西南石油學院碩卜學位畢業論文以達到提高效率、保證質量、降低消耗、增加收益的最終目的; 《配置管理規程》 ，通過實施該規程對項目開發過程中的所有資源進行控制; 《軟體測試規程》定義對軟體系統測試所用工具、過程和責任: 《文檔編制規程》提供滿足國家《計算機軟體文檔編制規范gb8567 》標準的各種文檔模板來建立統一的文檔編制規范; 《軟體開發和維護規程》定義了軟體開發過程以及採取的方法和工具; 《軟體生命周期指南》 ，根據軟體項目管理的經驗，將典型軟體過程形成軟體過程模型，用於指導以後軟體周期的選擇; 《年度公司規劃》 ，對需要公司總體安排的資源統一調度的過程。
  9. Article 28 where any electronic signatory or any party depending on electronic signature suffers losses due to undertaking civil activities on the basis of the electronic signature certification service provided by any electronic certification service provider, and if the electronic certification service provider cannot prove that he has no fault, he shall undertake compensation liabilities

    第二十八條電子簽名人或者電子簽名依賴方因依據電子認證服務提供者提供的電子簽名認證服務從事民事活動遭受損失，電子認證服務提供者不能證明自己無過錯的，承擔賠償責任。
  10. In order to compensate investors " damages and punish deceivers " illegal activities, legislators have extended the conception of legal fraud from civil law to securities law. this policy also decides that securities fraud is a given legal definition, which breaks through that on civil juristic act in constitutive elements and legal consequences, and closes to that on law of torts in essence

    將民事欺詐的概念延伸至證券領域，主要是為補償投資者的經濟損失和制裁欺詐者的違法行為提供法律依據，這一立法政策決定了證券欺詐是一個特定的法律概念，在構成要件和法律後果兩方面突破了民事法律行為制度中的欺詐，在性質上更接近於侵權法上的欺詐責任。
  11. The concrete contents include : one background : with the comparison with the western countries, our compulsory education displays a strong government - oriented behavior, which is the root of success and potential failures in our compulsory education two clues : in " ought to be " level, it is " local quasi - public goods - - polycentri supply " and in " be " level, " pure public goods - - monopolized supply by government " one theoretic judgment : the separation of manufacture and provide in compulsory education, which gives the chance for polycentri manufacture of compulsory education one center point : to stick to the main responsibilities of government in providing and managing the compulsory education three contents : subject ( which ? ) : local governments are the responsibilities subject of compulsory education substances ( what ? ) : to ensure the compulsory education ' s public good from the nature, and compulsory education ' s development abilities of the whole local government from the quantity measures ( how ? )

    具體內容有： ?一個背景：在中西方義務教育比較出的基本特徵中表現出的強烈的政府驅動，我國義務教育所取得的成績和所蘊涵的危機都在於此?兩條線索：理論應然層面上的「地方性的準公共產品? ?多中心供給」和實然層面上的「純公共產品? ?政府壟斷供給（單中心） 」 ?一個理論判斷：義務教育的生產與提供的分離? ?義務教育的多中心生產的可能性?一個中心：堅持政府在義務教育中責任的主要性? ?提供與管理?三項內容主體（哪一級政府） ：根據博奕理論，地方政府是我國義務教育的責任主體內容（負什麼責任） ：質上保證義務教育的公益性，量上保證各地方在義務教育發展力上的均衡措施（怎樣負責人通過政府間的轉移支付保證義務教育中的程序正義，通過義務教育的多中心生產，把「麵包做大」保證義務教育中的實質正義當然，在此對本文內容的區分梳理，只是一種思路的順序。
  12. Our country is in the process of establishing and perfecting the socialism market economy system. under the condition of the market economy, in order to make the dispersive decision of the market participants go to the “ social efficiency ” direction, it is necessary to set up a self - contained information mechanism, which can lead the market participants to make out the rational economic decisions. if we want to advance the magnificent reform of the modern corporation system, perfect the commission - agent and supervise - motivate system of the modern market economy, we should use the cpa ’ s effective judgement, and at the same time, it urges the development of the cpa ’ s occupation

    在現代企業制度下，企業所有者與其他利益相關者對企業的監控更多採取的是間接監控的手段，會計信息也越發成為這些信息的使用者對企業經營者的受託經營責任的履行情況進行監督和評價，進而作出相關決策的重要證據，這顯然離不開注冊會計師所提供的鑒證服務? ?受託對企業會計信息的合法性、公允性和一貫性進行鑒證，合理保證會計報表使用人確認已審會計報表的可靠程度。
  13. The presumption has transferred only the burden of producing evidence, not the burden of persuasion

    其中，推定轉移給被告人的僅僅是提供證據責任，而並不轉移說服責任。
  14. Firstly " the author makes a compared study on the concept of burden of proof in continental law system and anglo - american law system. then the author makes comments on the argument of the concept of burden of proof in china ' s theory field and tries to reconstruct the concept in china. the concept of burden of proof is in connection with structure of action

    文章指出，證明責任的含義與訴訟結構有關，大陸法系職權主義刑事訴訟中的證明責任包括「形式的證明責任」和「實質的證明責任」 ，而英美法系當事人主義刑事訴訟中的證明責任分為「提供證據責任」和「說服責任」 。
  15. The person held traffic accident liability does n ' t bear private law liability because of executing duty. thereby, the author further clarifies the distinction between traffic accident liability and legal liability. through demonstration, this thesis clarifies theoretically and practically the vague understanding that equates directly traffic accident liability with liability of civil compensation for damage, responsibility for administrative malfeasances and criminal liability

    通過論述，澄清了目前在理論界、實踐中將交通事故責任與民事損害賠償責任、行政違法責任、刑事責任直接等同的模糊認識，揭示了交通事故責任與法律責任的關系，即交通事故責任不是法律責任，而是為其他相關國家機構認定法律責任（刑事責任、行政責任、民事責任）提供證據意義上的鑒定結論。
  16. Parties " claims must be based on corresponding evidence rules and denying or refuting opposite parties should also produce evidence ; the other is the classification rule for legal norms, that is, the rule that the party who sets up a claim should produce evidence cannot solve the problem of how to distribute the burden of proof when the question in dispute is not clear and parties of both sides are incapable of producing evidence

    當事人提出主張必須有相應的證據規則，基於一定事實對對方的主張予以否定或反駁的也應提供證據。二是法律規范分類規則，即主張者舉證規則不能解決當爭議事議不明而對方當事人亦無力予以證明時如何分配舉證責任的問題。況且在這種情形下法院也不能以事實無法查清為由不作裁決。
  17. Where the remitting bank instructs that either the collecting bank or the drawee is to create documents ( bills of exchange promissory notes, trust receipts, letters of undertaking or other documents ) that were not included in the collection, the form and wording of such documents shall be provided by the remitting bank, otherwise the collecting bank shall not be liable or responsible for the form and wording of any such document provided by the collecting bank and / or the drawee

    在寄單行指示或者是代收行或者是付款人應代制托收中未曾包括的單據（匯票、本票、信託收據、保證書或其他單據）時，這些單據的格式和詞句應由寄單行提供，否則的話，代收行對由代收行和/或付款人所提供任何該種單據的格式和詞句將不承擔責任或對其負責。
  18. For example, in both the legal systems, the burden of producing evidence is the " ramification " of the burden of proof

    通過比較可以看出，無論大陸法系還是英美法系，舉證責任（提供證據責任）都是證明責任在訴訟中的「派生」 。
  19. Goods or articles carried in any such compartment are at the sole risk of the owner thereof and subject to all the. conditions, exceptions and limitations as to the carriers liability and other provisions of this bill of lading ; and further the carrier shall not be liable for any loss or damage occasioned by the temperature, risks of refrigeration, defects or insufficiency in or accidents to or explosion, breakage, derangement or failure of any refrigerator plant or part thereof, or by ' or in any material or the supply or use thereof used in the process of refrigeration unless shown to have been caused by negligence of the carrier from liability for which the carrier is not by law entitled to exemption

    專門的冷熱艙室所裝運的貨物或物品的風險應由貨主獨自承擔，就承運人的責任而言，應按本提單所有的條件；免責條款和責任限制以及其他規定執行；此外，對因溫度、製冷險、製冷設備或其部件的缺陷、缺乏、事故、或爆炸、損耗，失調或不製冷而導致的，或因製冷過程中使用的任何物資或因其供應或使用而導致的任何滅失或損失，承運人概不負責，除非證明其是因承運人的過失責任而導致，且根據法律承運人無權享受免責。
  20. Definition of incapacity : maryland has adopted a cognitive standard for incapacity, stipulating that clear and convincing evidence should be provided to show that the person lacks cognitive ability ( lacks sufficient understanding or capacity to make or communicate responsible decisions )

    能力喪失的定義：馬里蘭已經采納了識別「能力喪失」的標準，即：要表明一個人缺乏識別能力（缺乏完全的理解或能力去做出負責任的決定）必須提供清楚的，令人信服的證據。
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