換土地基 的英文怎麼說

The trustees shall further have power by deed under the seal of the trustees to grant, sell, convey, assign, surrender, exchange, partition, yield up, demise, reassign, transfer or otherwise dispose of any lands, buildings, messuages, tenements, or goods and chattels, forming part of the trust fund upon such terms as the trustees may deem fit. the common seal of the trustees shall be kept in the custody of such person or persons as the trustees may from time to time appoint for that purpose

（十四）受託人有權按契約賦予之權力，以受託人組織的印章從事捐贈、出售、轉讓、交出、交換、分配、讓與、遺贈、再轉讓、移交或出售任何土地、樓宇、宅院、地產、貨物及動產，此等資產在受託人認為需要及恰當時歸納成為信託基金的一部份。

The trustees shall further have power by deed under the seal of the trustees to grant, sell, convey, assign, surrender, exchange, partition, yield up, demise, reassign, transfer or otherwise dispose of any lands, buildings, messuages, tenements, or goods and chattels, forming part of the trust fund upon such terms as the trustees may deem fit

受託人有權按契約賦予之權力，以受託人組織的印章從事捐贈、出售、轉讓、交出、交換、分配、讓與、遺贈、再轉讓、移交或出售任何土地、樓宇、宅院、地產、貨物及動產，此等資產在受託人認為需要及恰當時歸納成為信託基金的一部份。

Second, the paper in - depth discuss the reinforce foundation operation mechanism of technique of composite grouting, including spray incise action of high pressure spray flow to soil, mill metathesis concretion action, and penetrate, split, crush action of serum to soil, etc. third, the paper in - depth study design calculate of composite grouting, design of composite grouting technic parameter

其次，本文對復合注漿法加固地基的作用機理進行了深入的探討，包括高壓噴射流對土體的噴射切割作用、漿液與土的攪拌置換固結作用以及漿液對土體的滲透、劈裂、擠密作用等問題。第三，本文對復合注漿的設計計算、注漿技術參數的設計進行了深入的研究。

Finally, the paper gives some beneficial imaginations on institutions of converting collective land to state land through market. i think it is meaningful because such institutions devising can enlarge social welfare matching the behalf of the country and the people, and it is a necessary ways and tendency for converting collective land to state land

本文主要以馬克思的產權分離理論為基礎，對集體土地向城市用地轉換市場化制度建設做一些有益的構想，筆者認為這種探索是有意義的，因為這種市場化制度的安排增進了社會福利，符合國家和人民的利益，是今後集體土地向城市用地轉換的趨勢和必要手段之一。

Secondly, this paper made some theoretic researches on its engineering classfication and applicable scope for this technology ; then combining with project example, this paper carried out scheme design for this technology, and compared some different kinds of underpinning scheme and node and structure design, and put forward the method of " reinforcce steel bar through column " to build pile cap beam, " resistant bend and shear anchored reinforce steel bar " to strengthen column consolidation effect, and the method of " steel plate hoop " to build reinforcing bar connection of the foundation beam, etc. in the process of the consturction scheme research and implement, this paper synthetically elaborated the organizaton for project construction, put forward the construction technical measure of specific aim on the artificial pile, and pile cap beam, and underground adding layer and structure stabilization, and overall structure stabilization and so on. for this project, adopt reinforcing bar concrete to brace hole wall to ensure the safety of engineering in the artificial pile construction, use flexible connection catch to make the cage hoisting easier to simplify the construction process, use the method of earthwork statified symmetrical balance in the process of underground adding layer excavation

本文首先對于基礎托換與結構加固技術的目的和意義、國內外發展狀況進行了綜合闡述；其次對該項技術工程分類及適應范圍進行了理論上的分析研究；然後結合工程實例對該項技術進行了方案設計，對比幾種不同的托換方案和節點及構造設計，提出了「通筋穿柱法」做承臺梁， 「抗彎抗剪錨筋法」強化柱加固效果， 「鋼板箍法」做地基梁鋼筋連接點等多項技術；在施工方案的研究和實施過程中，對于工程施工組織進行綜合闡述，並就人工挖孔樁、承臺梁、地下加層及結構加固、整體結構穩定等專項施工方案提出有針對性的施工技術措施，人工挖孔樁施工採用鋼筋砼護壁確保挖孔樁的安全成型，使用柔性連接鉤進行鋼筋籠吊裝簡化施工工序；承臺梁施工採用梁主筋橫穿柱身化學膠錨固等；地下加層綜合施工技術採用土方分層對稱平衡開挖，分段挖土做筏基結構自穩等；最後對于該工程實施后的效果分析，說明該項綜合施工技術的可行性。

There are many methods of foundation consolidation for civil engineering, such as soil exchange method, prepress method, dynamic consolidation method, vibrancy rushing method, soil and podsol dense pile method, sand pile, cement - coal - powder and gravel pile method, deep mixing method, high - pressure eject masonry, etc. the dynamic consolidation and deep mixing method ( dmm ) are very common in project construction

目前國內外地基處理的方法很多，主要的地基處理方法包括：換填法、預壓法、強夯法、振沖法、土和灰土擠密樁法、砂樁法、水泥粉煤灰碎石樁法、深層攪拌法以及高壓噴射注漿法等。其中強夯法和深層攪拌法是工程建設中較常用的加固方法。

Lastly, the land disposition model was set up at dahe town, hebei province, including town development direction decision, town land scale decision, town land structure optimum. taking use of fuzzy aggregate principle, choosing ground load - bearing capacity, quality of taken up land, groundwater level, economic land use, infrastructure building cost, radiation capability, transport, life environment, town form as evaluation element, the town development direction decision model at dahe town were set up

運用模糊集合變換原理，選擇了地基承載力、土地農業生產力、地下水位、節約用地、基礎設施建設成本、對周邊的輻射、現有基礎設施、對外交通便利程度、城鎮生活環境、城鎮形態等10個評價因子，建立了小城鎮用地空間擴展決策模型，研究表明大河鎮鎮區用地未來的空間擴展主方向應該是東面和東北面。

Based on biot ' s theory, the basic equations and solution conditions were established for the consolidation problem of the composite foundation with single column considering soil - column interactions when load was applied on the top of column only or applied on the top of both column and soil, and the solution for deformations of soil and column were obtained in the forms of laplace and hankel transformation

基於biot理論，分別對在樁頂受外荷載作用和樁土共同受外荷載作用的情況下考慮樁土相互作用的單樁復合地基固結問題建立了基本方程和求解條件，並在laplace變換域和hankel變換域內得到了土體和樁體的變形解答。

In accordance with the construction of xi ' ning - huangyuan first class highway and machangyuan - ping ' an high - speed highway, based on a good deal of investigation, this paper studies the geologic character and the main physical mechanics of the collapsibility loess in qinghai. this paper also studies the foundation treatment effect with dynamic consolidation, impact rolling, lime pile and lime - soil cushion. to dynamic consolidation, much attention is given to the relationship between the ramming energy and the effective depth

本文結合西湟一級公路、馬平高速公路建設，對青海地區濕陷性黃土進行了大量勘探調查，總結研究了青海地區濕陷性黃土的地質結構特點、主要的物理力學性質及其規律；並通過現場試驗，系統地研究了強夯、沖擊碾壓、灰土擠密樁和灰土換填等地基處理方法的施工工藝及處理效果。

Several problems about soft - soil foundation treatment by replacing the layer under the ground

換土墊層法處理軟地基的幾個問題

Because of deposit the ground form, wide soft soil and large thickness, we should use the methods to set up the standard design., such as to change and fill out a stone, lump block of stone of the strong rammer and split off the thick liquid of note and so on

摘要深圳市港灣大道沿線屬前海灣沿岸海漫灘沉積地貌，軟土層分佈范圍廣、厚度大、性狀極差，闡述該路採用的換填塊石、劈裂注漿、插板排水堆載預壓、強夯塊石墩等地基處理方法，進行了標準設計。

During processing the pumping station groundwork of the collapsibility loess in ningxia south mountainous area, we used the method of soil - exchanging to designing, constructing and collapsibility distortion observation on thickly layer, and found a conclusion that soil - exchanging on processing bad geological hydraulic engineering groundwork was a method of less investment, shorter project time and good effect

摘要通過對寧夏南部山區嚴重濕陷性場地建設揚水泵站的地基處理，和對換土法在深厚層濕陷性地基中設計、施工、沉降變形觀測等的論述，得出水利工程在處理地基不良地質問題中，換土法具有投資少、工期短、效果好的結果。

Thaw settlement cause negative friction. this paper base on the thought of " initiative cooling ", aim at three problems existing in common concrete pile used in frozen soil, a new type of pile is proposed to overcome the disadvantages of the classical pile used in frozen soil. pile body within active layer is fluted and refilled with porous materials such as gravels and ballasts, convection will be occur and then thermal exchange inside porous material in winter while only heat conduction exists in summer, as a result the soil around flutings will be cooled, so the top line of permafrost will be drive up

本文基於「主動冷卻」地基的思想，以及針對凍土地區普通混凝土樁存在的三大問題，提出了一種新型樁的設計思路，運用數值模擬試驗手段對其冷卻機理與加固機理進行了系統研究，即在凍融活動層的深度范圍內，在混凝土樁身的表面刻槽，修築完時槽內填充碎石、塊石等多孔介質，通過外界大氣溫度的自然波動下多孔介質在冬季時存在的對流換熱機制，而在夏季只存在熱傳導，來達到主動冷卻樁周凍土和抬升凍土上限的目的。

Firstly, gravel piles in soil were laid for compacting and consolidating soil, then gravel composite foundation was treated with dynamic compaction in order to form three - level soil that is gravel composite soil and high replacement ratio composite foundation and dense composite foundation

該法先在填土層中設置好碎石樁體，利用擠密和排水固結的作用使其得到初步加固，然後對荷載影響深度范圍內的復合土體進行低能強夯處理，迫使樁體碎石沿徑向擴散，形成上部為密實的碎石二合土層、中部為擴徑后高置換率復合地基、下部為整體夯密復合地基的三層結構。

The main work includes : for the torsional vibrations of a rigid disk on saturated media, first, the dynamic governing equations are solved by the use of hankel transform and the general solutions in the hankel transform fields are formulated. then, considering the mixed boundary - value condition, the dual integral equations of the torsional vibrations of a rigid disk on saturated grounds are obtained, which can be reduced to the fredholm integral equations of the second kind and solved by numerical procedures. consequently, the dynamic compliance coefficient curves and the torsional angle amplitude curves versus the dimensionless frequency are presented and contrasted to that of the elastic one

在前人研究的基礎上，本文基於陳龍珠等曾提出的一組實用飽和土波動方程，用解析或半解析的方法首次較系統而深入地研究了飽和半空間地基與基礎的扭轉振動問題，主要工作有：對于飽和地基上剛性圓板的扭轉振動，作者首先採用hankel變換求解了動力控制方程，得到了該控制方程在hankel變換域內的通解，然後由混合邊值條件建立了飽和地基上剛性基礎扭轉振動時的對偶積分方程，並將其化為易於數值求解的第二類fredholm積分方程，用數值方法計算了基礎的動柔度和扭轉角幅值與振動頻率的關系曲線，並將其與單相彈性介質情況進行了對比分析。

This helps their long - turn lives, but there are some material problems : fund source is simplex ; compensation level is low ; it is hard for the farmers to find jobs ; many farmers " lives get worse, etc. on basis of reviewing advantages and disadvantages of this innovation ; referring to experiences of the world ; according to economics theories, from the aspects of rule insurances, insurance financing, zone plan as a whole, this text raises some strategies and ideas on how to solve the farmers " problems : short - turn interests, long - turn interests, real civilization, etc. during their being levied

但這一做法存在著安置資金渠道單一，利益補償標準低，被征地農民就業困難，許多農民的生活水平下降等實質性的問題。本文在評價嘉興市「土地換保障」機制的優勢和不足的基礎上，借鑒國內外先進經驗，根據經濟學有關理論，從制度保證、保障資金籌措和管理、區域統籌協調等方面，提出了在土地徵用補償過程中解決被征地農民當前利益、長遠利益、以及實質性融入城市等問題的思路和對策。

Thirdly, the method to calculate the 3 - d dynamic responding of layered transversely isotropic saturated soils to an arbitrary buried source in cylindrical coordinate as well as to an arbitrary harmonious source in rectangular coordinate is presented respectively. based on biot ' s wave theory, the 3 - d wave equations in cylindrical coordinate for transversely isotropic saturated poroelastic media are transformed into a group of governing different equations with 1 - order by the fourier expanding with respect to azimuth and hankel integral transform method or by the double fourier transform method with respect to horizontal coordinates in rectangular coordinate. then, transfer matrixes within layered media are derived under the continuous conditions, drainage conditions and the boundary conditions

基於飽和土的biot波動理論，通過fouricr變換，將橫觀各向同性飽和土三維非軸對稱波動方程轉化為一組一階常微分方程組，再經har止el變換，建立問題的狀態方程，求解狀態方程得到傳遞矩陣;利用傳遞矩陣，結合飽和層狀地基的邊界條件、排水條件及層間接觸和連續條件，首次給出層狀橫觀各向同性飽和地基在任意地展力作用下的三維非軸對稱動力響應的解析解。

One innovative way to do this is to offer landowners a state income - tax credit in exchange for a conservation easement on their property

給土地所有者提供個人收入所得稅扣除，以換取基於所有者財產的保護管理權交易，是一個饒有新意的辦法。

The achievement of this paper verifies that after - treatment technology with such pile has the functions of drainage solidification, cementing, vertical strengthen and change, which applies a new way to dealing with soft ground in freeway and other hostile foundation especially with bridge foot protection and flop at bridgehead

本文研究證明，無砂混凝土小樁后處理技術具有排水固結、膠結、豎向增強、置換等綜合作用，為高速公路軟基及其它不良地基特別是橋梁基礎加固以及橋頭跳車處理等提供了一條新的途徑。

Dynamic compaction has been widely and successfully used to treat soft ground since its creation by l. menard in 1968 and some of its innovated techniques such as dynamic replacement have been developed. at the same time, theoretical and experimental researches have been done gradually. although there are comparatively some researches on it, the design of dynamic compaction is highly empirical and qualitative because of the complicated parameter of the soil itself

Menard提出強夯法以來，在軟弱地基加固中得到了廣泛而成功的應用，並在工程實踐中逐漸發展了諸如強夯轉置換等新的應用形式；與此同時，其強夯的理論與實驗研究逐步開展，但由於主體土體參數的復雜性，強夯加固軟土地基的設計計算仍處于高度經驗和定性的水平，加固質量及加固效果的檢測也尚需深入探討。