斷面有效高度 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [duànmiànyǒuxiàogāodù]
斷面有效高度 英文
effective depth of section
  • 斷 : Ⅰ動詞1 （分成段） break; snap 2 （斷絕;隔斷） break off; cut off; stop 3 （戒除） give up; abstai...
  • 面 : Ⅰ名詞1 （頭的前部; 臉） face 2 （物體的表面） surface; top 3 （外露的一層或正面） outside; the ri...
  • 有 : 有副詞[書面語] （表示整數之外再加零數）: 30 有 5 thirty-five; 10 有 5年 fifteen years
  • 效 : Ⅰ名詞（效果; 功用） effect; efficiency; result Ⅱ動詞1 （仿效） imitate; follow the example of 2 ...
  • 高 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （從下向上距離大; 離地面遠） tall; high 2 （在一般標準或平均程度之上; 等級在上的） above...
  • 度 : 度動詞[書面語] （推測; 估計） surmise; estimate
  • 斷面 : section; fracture surface; plane of fracture
  • 有效 : effective; valid; efficacious
  • 高度 : altitudeheightelevation
  1. The products are suitable for the innovation of urban electrical network where its streets are narrow. it can effectively reduce the necessary height of the pole / tower, due to high bent resistant capacity, there will completely avoid the case that porcelain crossarm happen to crack. more, it can be well pollution resistant

    本產品適用於城網技術改造，能有效地利用城市狹窄的走廊面積升壓送電，可降底矸塔高度，由於其彎曲強度高，可防止瓷橫擔容易出現的斷裂事故，而且耐污性能好。
  2. Several efficient strategies such as reliability maintenance, flight personnel management, aviation materials management, and network alliance were proposed, with an overall aim to ensure flight safety and, furthermore, maximize the economic performance of aviation companies

    通過探討持續適航管理與經濟效益的關系，提出了優化持續適航維修成本管理、採用航空安全新技術的投資合理度決策、提高機組的判斷和決策能力及運用網路聯盟等方面的有效策略，從而在保證安全的前提下，提高航空公司經營效益，實現利潤最大化。
  3. In all kinds of complicated network, oriented linking and unlinking, communication frequency resource is strained, and bandwith to transmitting audio frequency signal is too restricted, complicated and fluky, while audio frequency data exponential have been increased in the last several years. under the circumstances, based on the research of predecessor, this paper studies wavelet analysis ' s maths gist and practices significance on signal process, and puts forward a optimized wavelet package condensation arithmetic to process audio frequency data, which gives attention to coding efficiency, multirate and compression delay. simulation experiment on the arithmetic has been done by matlab

    針對無連接和面向連接的各種復雜網路環境下，通信頻帶資源緊張，音頻傳輸帶寬有限且復雜多變，而各種音頻數據又日益增多的局面，本文研究小波分析在信號處理方面的數學依據和在數據壓縮方面的實際意義，在前人不斷工作的基礎上，提出了一種優化小波包變換編碼方案用於音頻數據的壓縮演算法，兼考慮了編碼效率、多碼率和壓縮時延多個方面，並在matlab環境下做了模擬實驗，對各種音頻信號及多種小波函數做了模擬結果比較，實驗結果證明該演算法可以在一定計算復雜度下可以很好地改進壓縮效果，達到多碼率下實現實時編解碼的過程，在高速dsp晶元等硬體設備支持下，可以有效應用於實際復雜多變信源編碼。
  4. After entry of wto, there are still many maladjustments in guangxi ' s seed industry, such as the weak foundation of sees industry development ; the unformed market of the seed industry for fair competition ; small - scale seed enterprises ; no systematic connection among the cultivation, breeding and marketing ; lower qualification of staff who work in the seed industry and with weak sense of laws, and lack of the knowledge in operating experiences in the international market and trade etc. yet the un - efficiency system, unclear property right in enterprises, the lack of an effective mechanism to promote the rational use of resources in the seed industry and the lack of such concept as " the government creates environment and enterprises create fortune " are the deep - seated causes of the problems in guangxi ' s seed industry. therefore, the key points for promoting development of guangxi ' s seed industry under the wto framework are to focus on the promotion of the developing capability of seeds " integrated products, constantly deepen reforms, to adjust various relevant factors in the system of the seed industry which is inconsistent with each other, and to establish a new - pattern system with evident characteristics of the time spirit in order to meet the requirements of the market economy. hereinto, the specific strategies and measures for promotion of guangxi ' s seed industry development under the wto framework include kee ping up reform and innovation of the system of the seed industry, executing of non - nationalization reform in state - owned seed enterprises, formulating and executing relevant supporting policies, the improving the legal system in the seed industry, increasing public financial support on the seed industry, promoting the integration of cultivation, breeding and marketing, strengthening human resource development, developing the main body of the seed industry ' s market and making proper conditions for the functions of seed associations in the seed industry development etc

    研究結果認為：發展種子產業應該把著眼點放在促進種子整體產品的開發上；種子產業的發展依賴于能充分發揮整體功能的新型種業體系的構建，而目前廣西種業體系中的品種選育、種子生產加工、種子經營以及政府管理、公共支持和社會服務六個主要組成部分都存在明顯的缺陷與不足；廣西種子企業綜合競爭力總體處于較弱水平；面對wto ，廣西種子產業仍有諸多的不適應，突出表現在產業發展基礎薄弱、尚未形成可以公平競爭的種業市場、種子企業規模小、育繁銷脫節、種業人才素質不高、種子企業法律意識淡薄、國際市場運作經驗和國際貿易知識不足等多個方面，而體制不順、企業產權不明晰、缺乏促進種業資源合理流動的有效機制以及「政府創造環境，企業創造財富」的正確理念正是導致目前廣西種子產業不能適應入世需要的深層次原因；因此，以提升種子整體產品開發能力為核心，不斷深化改革，調整種業體系中不相協調的各有關因素，構建起符合市場經濟體制要求的具有鮮明時代特徵的新型種業體系，是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展必須堅持的指導思想；其中，加快種業體制改革和創新、實施對國有種子企業的非國有化改造、制訂落實有關扶持政策、完善種子法律法規體系、加大公共財政對種子產業的支持力度、推進育繁銷一體化的形成、加強人才培養與引進、壯大種業市場主體、實行重點突破戰略、發揮種子行業協會作用等等，都是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展應該採取的具體對策措施。
  5. It is haemorrhoid, not afraid, this is the disease with a very high incidence of a disease, have 10 people the view of 9 naevus, that is to say almost the pile that everybody has different rate, some is heavy, some also does not become aware even oneself, i recommend root of your use naevus to break, it is medicine of profess to convinced, germany imports, 40 yuan or so, the drugstore that arrives big a little bit has commonly, every 80, eat 3 times everyday, every time 3, eat effective fruit, but this medicine is to ask to be able to insist to eat, next at ordinary times dietary attention is not stimulated tartly, do not let him get angry, much draft fruit drinks water more, maintain defecate unobstructed, ok, if felt embarrassed not to see a doctor, because the doctor can suggest you become an operation commonly, not quite good, the operation is unwarrantable also cure completely, if you are the female that had not borne, that should not become an operation more, because give birth to a child later when, still meet those who cause haemorrhoid recrudesce greatly too forcibly, believe me, additionally you can cooperate medicine of an external use, ma yinglong haemorrhoid creams, besmear outside, more comfortable, this is cheaper, a few money, go quickly buying drug, do not delay too long, arrived otherwise the degree of defecate belt blood is painful

    是痔瘡，不要擔心，這是個發病率很高的病，有十人九痔的說法，也就是說幾乎每個人都有不同程度的痔瘡，有的重，有的連自己也覺察不到，我推薦你使用痔根斷，是口服藥，德國進口的，一盒四十元左右，到大點的藥店一般都有，每盒80粒，天天吃三次，每次三顆，吃完三天就有效果，但是這個藥是要求可以堅持吃完一盒的，然後平時飲食注重不要辛辣刺激，不要讓自己上火，多吃水果多喝水，保持大便通暢，就可以了，假如不好意思就不要看醫生了，因為醫生一般會建議你做手術，不太好，手術也不能保證完全治好，假如你是未生育過的女性，那就更不要做手術了，因為以後生小孩時，用力過大還是會引發痔瘡復發的，相信我，另外你可以配合一個外用藥，馬應龍痔瘡膏，塗在外面，比較舒適，這個比較便宜，幾塊錢，快去買藥吧，不要耽誤太長時間，不然到了大便帶血的程度就痛苦了。
  6. In civil lawsuit, the setting of the criteria of civil lawsuit should be of dialectical unification of subjectivity and objectivity 、 justness and efficiency 、 commonness and individuality. in the subjective sense, we should judge their credibility, adherent to, no suspicion of intime conviction principally and suspicion of intime conviction subsidiarily in psychology ; to proof beyond a reasonable doubt in logic 、 to highly probability and preponderance of probability. in the objective sense, we should employ subjective facts as ratifying criterion

    具體到民事訴訟中，證明標準設置應以主觀與客觀的辯證統一、公正與效率的辯證統一、共性與個性的辯證統一為原則，在主觀方面，堅持心理學上以內心確信無疑為主體、內心確信有疑為補充，邏輯學上依次以排除一切合理懷疑、高度蓋然性、優勢蓋然性為標準進行裁斷；在客觀方面，以「客觀真實」為衡量標準。
  7. To meet the demands for large space and flexible compartmentation of buildings, laminated vierendeel trusses are adopted in high - position transfer story structures. first the bearing characteristics are analyzed, in which reasonable stiffness ratio of the upper chord, middle chord, and lower chord is derived. then combined with an actual engineering model ( 1 8 similar ratio ), the static loading and pseudo - dynamic tests of two models for laminated vierendeel truss used in transfer story structures are conducted, in which one model adopts reinforced concrete, and the other adopts prestressed concrete and shape steel concrete. seismic behaviors are analyzed, including inter - story displacement, base shear - displacement skeleton curves, and equivalent viscosity - damping curves. a program is programmed to carry out the elasto - plastic dynamic analysis, and displacement time - history curves of the two models are derived. the test and analysis results show that the laminated vierendeel truss with prestressed concrete and shape steel concrete has excellent seismic behaviors. it can solve the disadvantages of laminated vierendeel trusses used in transfer story structures. finally, some design suggestions are put forward, which can be referenced by similar engineering

    為滿足建築物大空間和靈活隔斷要求，在高位轉換層結構中採用迭層空腹桁架結構.首先分析了其受力性能，得出了空腹桁架各構件合理的截面剛度以及布局形式.然後結合一實際工程，進行了兩榀迭層空腹桁架轉換結構模型（ 1 : 8相似比）的豎向荷載下靜力試驗以及擬動力試驗.其中一榀為普通混凝土迭層空腹桁架，另一榀配置了預應力和鋼骨混凝土，對比分析了兩模型的層間位移比、骨架曲線以及等效粘質阻力系數等抗震性能的比較，並進行了彈塑性動力分析.試驗和分析結果表明，配置預應力和型鋼混凝土的迭層空腹桁架轉換結構具有良好的抗震性能，可以成功地解決迭層空腹桁架作為轉換層結構所產生的弊端問題，最後對這類轉換層結構提出了相應的設計建議
  8. The effect of overburden separation dynamic development under key stratum on grouting for bed separation space was analyzed, in order to deal with the problem that the current bed separation growing technology can not prevent the key stratum from breakage, put forward the isolated section - grouting technology for overburden bed separation space, integrated the virtue of growing for bed separation space and partial extraction, the bed separation grouting bodies, key stratum and isolated section pillars were made to constitute the load - carrying body all together, and to reach the purpose of reducing subsidence effectively, increase the coal seam extraction ratio, and accelerate the development of isolated section - growing technology for overburden bed separation space

    摘要分析了關鍵層下離層動態發育對離層充填的影響，針對目前離層區充填工藝不能阻止覆巖關鍵層初次破斷的問題，提出了「覆巖離層分區隔離注漿充填」技術，它綜合離層充填與條帶開采技術的優點，通過離層區充填置換或減小分區隔離煤柱寬度，使「離層區充填體關鍵層分區隔離煤柱」形成共同承載體，從而達到有效減緩地面沉降的目的，提高了煤層采出率，促進了覆巖離層充填減沉技術的發展。
  9. Fulfilling the requirements of the " three represents ", improving the 1eading level and reigning level, not only does the party make good self construction but also adopt correct leading mode. the continuous innovation and reform of the party ' s ieading mode and system is the basic condition for the leadership of the party to adopt to the request of the development of situation and tasks, and to put the efficient leadership into practic < and is the important guarantee for the continuous development and vigor of the party and the party affairs from success to success

    我們黨作為馬克思主義執政黨，採取正確的領導方式和領導方法，帶領人民緊跟時代潮流、不斷開拓前進，必須全面貫徹「三個代表」的要求，不斷提高黨的領導水平和執政水平，黨的領導方式和領導制度的改革創新，是黨的領導適應形勢和任務發展的要求，是黨實施有效領導的基本條件，也是黨不斷發展壯大及黨的事業不斷從勝利走向勝利的重要保證。
  10. Compared with the traditional nai scintillator probe, cd1 _ xznxte probe has higher detecting efficiency and power resolution, and can be widely used in fields such as security monitor, industrial flaw detection, medical diagnosis, celestial body x ray telescope and so on

    與傳統的碘化鈉閃爍體探頭相比， cdznte探頭具有很高的探測效率和能量解析度，可廣泛用於安檢、工業探傷、醫學診斷、天體x射線望遠鏡等方面。
  11. This dissertation proposes an algorithm to solve the problem by constructing transition contours using active contour model. the algorithm considers the transition contours construction as a growing process, so it is based on higher layer knowlege and can ensure that transition contours are similar to trunk contours and branch contours, and also reconstructed transition surfaces at branch points are smooth. the contours are connected using adjacent contours synchronous marching algorithm

    採用基於全局的柱體生長法來判斷斷層間輪廓的相互對應關系；針對輪廓線表面重建中的難點問題?分叉問題，提出了一種基於主動輪廓模型的過渡輪廓構造方法，這種方法從物體主動生長這一角度出發考慮過渡輪廓的構造，能夠產生綜合兩斷層上輪廓特徵的過渡輪廓，是一種基於全局性高層信息的有效輪廓構造演算法；利用相鄰輪廓線同步前進法進行輪廓拼接。
  12. The system identification method is presented for backcalculating the dielectric property and thickness of pavement structures. the method of singular value decomposition is put forward to diagnose the ill - conditioned governing equation and the problem of finding solution to ill - conditioned governing equation is successfully resolved. the parameter adjustment arithmetic with high accuracy, which is based on precise theory and can be converged rapidly, is established

    提出了路面結構層介電特性及其厚度反演分析的系統識別方法，將奇異值分解技術應用於控制方程的病態診斷和求解，有效地解決了控制方程病態時的求解問題，建立了理論嚴謹、收斂快、精度高的模型參數調整演算法，並開發了路面結構層材料介電特性及其厚度反演分析軟體sidthk 。
  13. On the one hand, the industrial organizational optimum and the industrial intensivism is the result of enterprises " self - organization, in the process of pursuing profits, under the regulation of " the invisible hand ", enterprises continually enlarge their scale, enhance efficiency and promote the concentration of production. moreover they harmonize their relations through building big corporations and establishing long - term dealing relation ; on the other hand, the relations between enterprises of one certain industry, namely, industrial organization may be optimum ( as available competition ), may be not ( as excessive competition and high monopoly )

    一方面，產業組織優化和產業集約發展是企業自組織的結果，企業追求自身利益的過程中，在「看不見的手」的調節下不斷擴大企業規模，提高效率，推動著生產的集中，並通過組建企業集團或通過企業間確立長期交易關系協調了企業間關系；另一方面，由企業自組織力量推動形成的特定產業中的企業與企業間的關系，即產業組織，可能是優化的（如有效競爭） ，也可能是劣化的（如過度競爭和高度壟斷） 。
  14. Firstly, influence factors of generalization of neural network are presented in this thesis, in order to improve neural network ’ s generalization ability and dynamic knowledge acquirement adaptive ability, a structure auto - adaptive neural network new model based on genetic algorithm is proposed to optimize structure parameter of nn including hidden layer nodes, training epochs, initial weights, and so on ; secondly, through establishing integrating neural network and introducing data fusion technique, the integrality and precision of acquired knowledge is greatly improved. then aiming at the incompleteness and uncertainty problem consisting in the process of knowledge acquirement, knowledge acquirement method based on rough sets is explored to fulfill the rule extraction for intelligent diagnosis expert system, by completing missing value data and eliminating unnecessary attributes, discretization of continuous attribute, reducing redundancy, extracting rules in this thesis. finally, rough sets theory and neural network are combined to form rnn ( rough neural network ) model for acquiring knowledge, in which rough sets theory is employed to carry out some preprocessing and neural network is acted as one role of dynamic knowledge acquirement, and rnn can improve the speed and quality of knowledge acquirement greatly

    本文首先討論了影響神經網路的泛化能力的因素，提出了一種新的結構自適應神經網路學習演算法，在新方法中，採用了遺傳演算法對神經網路的結構參數（隱層節點數、訓練精度、初始權值）進行優化，大大提高了神經網路的泛化能力和知識動態獲取自適應能力;其次，構造集成神經網路，引入數據融合演算法，實現了基於集成神經網路的融合診斷，有效地提高了知識獲取的全面性、完善性及精度;然後，針對知識獲取過程中所存在的不確定性、不完備性等問題，探討了運用粗糙集理論的知識獲取方法，通過缺損數據補齊、連續數據的離散、沖突消除、冗餘信息約簡、知識規則抽取等一系列的演算法實現了智能診斷的知識規則獲取;最後，將粗糙集理論與神經網路相結合，研究了粗糙集-神經網路的知識獲取方法。
  15. Author thinks that the direction of the maximum plastic distortion along a constant radius around the crack tip may be considered as the direction of shear - mode fracture ( named pmax - criterion ) and the load when located shear band prongs the ligament in the front of crack tip is regarded as the limited load of shear - mode fracture. ( 3 ) the fad ( fracture assessment diagram ) of titled crack is proposed based on achievements of mesomechanics about i - ii complex ductile fracture of metal, and the titled crack is classified two kinds : void - mode fracture is assessed by fracture assessment curve, and shear - mode fracture by limited load. ( 4 ) using a fe program based on plantle - ressue theory to calculate some mesomechanical parameters, a flange joint structure of a high pressure vessel ( design pressure 31. 4mpa and the thickness of the hemispherical head is half of that of shell. ) is analyzed to determine whether the structure under operation pressure is safe or not, forecast the mode of potential invalidation and argue for the rationality of design of the structure

    試件的整體斷裂為剪切型，但在試件芯部裂尖鈍化區中部出現了韌窩型啟裂並有一定的擴展，說明局部較高的應力三軸度也會使韌窩型機制得以發展，但是不改變試件整體的剪切型斷裂模式；對韌性斷裂的剪切模式的細觀機理做了一定的探討，並且提出了含裂紋構件剪切型斷裂的宏觀判據：認為裂紋前方的集中剪切帶中與裂紋尖端等半徑處最大有效塑性應變出現的方向可以作為裂紋剪切斷裂的方向（可簡稱為_ （ pmax ）準則） ，集中剪切滑移帶貫穿裂紋前方承載韌帶時的載荷可以作為極限載荷；本文運用金屬韌性斷裂細觀力學在一復合型韌性斷裂方面的研究成果，採用失效評定圖的形式，提出了傾斜裂紋的安全性評定方法的基本框架。
  16. The article has researched the intention of agricultural industrialization which is guided by market and mainstay enterprises, based on agricultural product base organized by a lot of families, and characterized by joint management and mutual benefit. it also realized production specialization, product commercialization, service socialization and etc. the article has also researched the existing conditions of agricultural industrialization both at home and abroad. although it is different in national conditions and actual practice, the developed countries follows the market economic law and naturally steps on the road of agricultural industrialization. as the continuous reforming and opening up, china actively explores and enhances the management level of agricultural industrialization. the writer uses system changing theory, scale management theory, trade expense theory. market system theory and industrial economics theory, to put forward the main type of mainstay enterprises, which is divided by ownership, organization form, contact form and product. the writer thinks that development of mainstay enterprises can promote effective joining between small production and big market, the developing of high - benefit agriculture, establishing trade / industry / agriculture operation system, region economics and joining process between urban area and rural area. the existing conditions in strengthening the mainstay enterprises in zhaoyuan embodies continuous expanding in scale. continuous widening in fields, continuous enhancing in benefits, continuous improving in techology and quality. by finding the problem and shortage in product quality, developing ability and scale strength, the article has put forward the following views : face to market and enhance quality and techological content of agricultural products ; enforce flexible policy and investments ; establish fair and reasonable benefits joining system. the article has also put forward the countermeasures and suggestions on enhancing the enterprises ' management level

    文章研究了農業產業化經營的內涵，明確其以市場為導向、以龍頭企業為依託、以一大批農戶組成的農產品生產基地為基礎，形成農工商有機結合、風險共擔、利益均沾的本質特點，表現出生產專業化、經營一體化、企業規模化、產品商品化、服務社會化等特徵。分析了國內外產業化經營的現狀，認為盡管各國的國情不同，具體的做法和叫法不盡相同，但是經濟發達國家都遵循市場經濟規律，很自然走上了農業產業化經營的道路，發展中國家紛紛仿效，中國也隨著改革開放不斷深入，積極探索發展提高農業產業化經營水平。作者運用制度變遷理論、規模經營理論、交易費用理論、市場機制理論和產業經濟學理論，提出了龍頭企業從所有制形式、從組織形式、從聯系方式及從產品上劃分的主要類型；認為發展龍頭企業有促進小生產與大市場的有效對接、推動優質高效農業縱深發展、建立貿工農一體化運行機制、振興區域經濟、加速城鄉一體化進程等作用；考察了招遠市壯大龍頭企業推進農業產業化的現狀，表現在規模不斷擴大、領域不斷拓寬、效益不斷提高、技術不斷改進、質量不斷提高等方面；找出了龍頭企業產品質量上、開發能力上、規模實力上和行業自律上的問題和差距，提出了要面向市場，努力提高農產品的質量和科技含量，多策並舉，搞活投入機制，建立公平合理的利益聯結機制，加強行業自律，提高企業經營管理水平等對策和建議。
  17. On one hand, economists explore the theoretic foundation and effectiveness of banking supervision and supervision, for example, diamond and dybvig ' s banking run model, kaufman ' s systemic risk theory, stiglitz ' s financial restrain theory, et cetera. on the other hand, practice departments continually enact different laws, rules and regulation in order to revise and remedy the faultiness in banking regulation and supervision, try to promote the technical measures and management level and to perfect institutions

    一方面，經濟學家試圖從多個角度對銀行監管的理論基礎和有效性進行探討，如diamond和dybvig的銀行擠提模型； kaufman的系統風險理論； stiglitz的金融約束理論等等；另一方面，實踐部門也不斷地出臺各種法律、法規和規章制度來修正和彌補監管中存在的不足，努力提高監管的技術手段和管理水平，完善監管制度。
  18. The oligarch monopoly banks fails to play the positive effect that the oligarch monopoly does in the industrial organization of banking, the banking also does not form the workable competitive market structure, in which the oligarch and the small & medium banks exist at the same time. therefore, we should set up a workable competitive market structure in which the oligarch and the small & medium banks can exist at the same time, in order to exert the function of industrial organization of china banking to the healthy development of the national economy, through the point of view of industrial organization, persisting in basing on the native situation of our country, drawing lessons from the beneficial experience of market structure of national bank industrial organization of the western market economy actively, and paying attention on raising the whole competition ability of china banking

    從制度層面闡述中國銀行業市場結構的變遷歷程，實證地研究了中國銀行業寡頭壟斷的市場結構，指出中國銀行業市場結構的變遷的動因在於產權變革。為重構和完善中國銀行業市場結構，必須樹立科學發展觀，規范政府經濟行為;加快銀行產權改革，實現國有商業銀行產權由單一結構向多元化產權結構的轉變，建立多元化、股份制的產權制度;鼓勵民營銀行的建立和發展;發揮市場競爭機制，降低中國銀行業市場結構的集中度;構建有效的進入和退出機制;擴大中國銀行產業組織市場結構的產品差異化;提高中國銀行產業組織市場結構的規模經濟，以構建適應社會主義市場經濟要求的有效競爭的市場結構，提高中國銀行業的整體競爭力。
  19. Its effective implementation calls for the establishment of an equal, independent, highly - efficient arbitral procedure in our state, the publicizing of our arbitral legislation and procedure, the opening of legal service market and the adoption of wto dispute - settling mechanism. after we enter wto and wto agreements come into force, our arbiration system will be greatly influenced by economic globalization whith requires the reformation of our arbitration system to eradicate the remining influence of planned econoncy to suit the market economy model, the opening of our arbitral practice by employing foreign arbitral rules directly and providing references for other states, and the rapid development of our arbitration system in every aspects ( hardware or software ), amo ng which the lining up with the internation - al arbitration is the most inportant aspect caused by entering wto

    前一方面論述了wto協議的有效實施要求我國建立獨立、公平、高效的仲裁製度；要求我國公開仲裁立法與仲裁程序；要求我國適用wto的爭端解決機制；要求我國開放法律服務市場等內容，后一方面重點論述了wto協議實施后，即我國加入wto后，經濟全球化帶給我國仲裁製度的影響，要求我國仲裁製度進行改革，刪除計劃經濟體制的殘余影響，以適應市場經濟模式；要求我國仲裁實行開放，包括直接引用外國仲裁規則進行仲裁，也包括我國仲裁規則被外國引用；要求我國仲裁事業加快發展，在硬體與軟體方面不斷改進，其中與國際接軌是加入wto后完善我國仲裁製度的必然要求。
  20. Two different reinforcing methodologies are applied : modification of the overlay characteristics by adding chopped glass fibers to the hot mixture asphalt ( hma ) and reinforcing asphalt overlay with glass grids. theory of fracture mechanics ( fm ) is employed to determine crack growth rates for the suggested anti - cracking overlay systems. asphalt mixture designing tests, three point bending tests and fatigue crack propagation tests were carried out. the critical stress intensity factors kic are determined for plain and reinforced asphalt concrete. depending on the fatigue crack propagation, the crack growth rate is determined for each type of anti - cracking system and the cracking process is also analyzed. one of the significant points in this study is the attempt to give better understanding of the crack propagation for multilayer asphaltic overlay or what are suggested herein to be called composite structure anti - cracking overlay system. the results indicate that the reinforcing materials improve anti - cracking characteristics of the asphalt concrete. composite structure anti - cracking overlay gives a good solution for the reflective cracking phenomenon over old cracked pavements

    利用2種不同的方法加筋瀝青罩面:在瀝青混合料中加入短切玻璃纖維改善瀝青混凝土的特性，採用玻璃格珊加筋瀝青混凝土.應用斷裂力學方法分析瀝青路面裂縫擴展機理.採用瀝青混合料設計試驗、三點彎曲試驗和疲勞裂縫擴展試驗，確定加筋瀝青混凝土的臨界應力強度因子kic ，測量每一種瀝青罩面抗裂系統的裂縫擴展速率.本研究的主要特點是提出復合型抗裂罩面系統，分析了多層加筋瀝青罩面裂縫擴展過程，推薦了若干瀝青路面抗裂系統.結果證明，加筋材料可以提高瀝青罩面的抗裂特性，復合型抗裂罩面系統能夠有效地阻止反射裂縫的擴展
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