時間平均方程 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shíjiānpíngjūnfāngchéng]
時間平均方程 英文
time-average equation
  • 時 : shí］Ⅰ名1 （比較長的一段時間）time; times; days:當時at that time; in those days; 古時 ancient tim...
  • 間 : 間Ⅰ名詞1 （中間） between; among 2 （一定的空間或時間里） with a definite time or space 3 （一間...
  • 平 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （沒有高低凹凸 不頃斜） flat; level; even; smooth 2 （高度相同; 不相上下） on the same l...
  • 均 : Ⅰ形容詞（均勻） equal; even Ⅱ副詞（都; 全） without exception; all
  • 方 : Ⅰ名詞1 （方形; 方體） square 2 [數學] （乘方） involution; power 3 （方向） direction 4 （方面） ...
  • 程 : 名詞1 （規章; 法式） rule; regulation 2 （進度; 程序） order; procedure 3 （路途; 一段路） journe...
  • 時間 : time; hour; 北京時間十九點整19 hours beijing time; 上課時間school hours; 時間與空間 time and spac...
  1. This article takes the lagrange equation as the principle, establishes mathematics modeling to the inertia brake vibration when it brakes, then simulates it with matlab. this paper educed the relation equations between, which are the inertia brake ' s friction coefficient of the brake ring and the friction disk, the mean radius, the braking force, rotation inertia of the driving top and the spline shaft, spiral climbing angle of the brake ' s concave - convex helicoid, the mean effort radius of the concave - convex helicoid, elasticity coefficient of the spring, quality of the driving top and the spline shaft, rotations inertia of the brake ' s rotation part besides the driving top and the spline shaft, suppresses sleeve. provides the theory basis for the inertia brake structure optimization

    本文以拉格朗日方程為理論基礎，對慣性制動器在制動時的振動進行數學建模，然後用matlab對其進行模擬，得出了慣性制動器在制動時振動角頻率分別與制動環和摩擦片之間的摩擦系數、制動力的平均半徑、主動頂和花鍵軸的轉動慣量、慣性制動器的凹凸螺旋面的螺旋升角、凹凸螺旋面平均作用力的半徑、彈簧的彈性系數、主動頂和花鍵軸的質量、慣性制動器除主動頂和花鍵軸外其他部分的轉動慣量和、頂壓套的質量等慣性制動器各零部件的物理參數之間的關系，為慣性制動器的結構優化提供了理論依據。
  2. The calculation methods of shelters ’ capacity and the discount method of road capacity under the situation of emergency evacuation were given. then, taking emergency evacuation of the beijing 2008 olympic games as an example, we make out the emergency evacuation preplan for olympic games. on the aid of the advanced computer system simulation techniques, using emergency evacuation simulation software to animate the whole process of olympic evacuation for the fist time, and got some key parameters that can provide decision making supports for decision - makers, such as, the whole evacuation time, the average evacuation speed etc. and the simulation results were analyzed

    本文首先分析了我國大城市的交通狀況和突發事件發生狀況，在分析國內外應急疏散研究現狀的基礎上，借鑒國內外應對突發事件應急疏散的經驗和教訓，結合我國大城市突發事件應急疏散的具體特點，提出了大城市突發事件應急疏散研究的總體框架，提出了突發事件應急避難所和應急疏散道路的選擇原則，給出了應急避難所的容量計算方法和疏散道路在應急狀態下的道路通行能力的折算方法;然後以北京2008年奧運會突發事件的應急疏散為例，制定了奧運會突發事件應急疏散預案，藉助先進的計算機系統模擬技術，首次利用應急疏散模擬軟體orems對整個疏散過程進行了模擬，得到了總體疏散時間、平均疏散速度等可以為決策者提供決策支持的關鍵參數，並對模擬結果作了分析。
  3. The so - called leapfrogging - oriented economic growth refers to backward countries making use of advantage of their backwardness to approach or even overtake forward countries in short time by capital accumulation, efficiency enhancement and technology innovation to achieve unbalanced and transnormal development. the process embodies not only the rapid improvement of the rate of economic growth but also the improvement of the quality of economic growth

    所謂的蛙跳型經濟增長（ leapfrogging - orientedeconomicgrowth ）是指后發國利用后發優勢，通過資本積累、效率提高和技術創新，實現非均衡、超常規發展，在較短的時間內接近、甚至趕超先發國水平的一種增長方式和增長過程。
  4. Because the hybrid acquisition scheme ( combines parallel search with serial search ) based on the correlator provides the flexibility in the trade - off between the mean acquisition time and system complexity and is easy to implement, it ? focus on the scheme here. on the other hand, this paper analyzes the effect of multiple access inference ( mai ) on the code acquisition performance for the multipath fading channels

    基於相關器解擴的串-並混合方案由於有著可在平均捕獲時間和電路復雜程度（這是捕獲電路的兩個重要指標）這兩個技術指標間靈活折衷的優點和易於實現的特點，本文的重點就放在該方案中。
  5. In the second section of chapter 2, the fact that the essential interest rates of all nodes differ from each other is discussed, a non - homogeneous differential equation model of interest rate - amount of circulating fund is established, and it is proved that the sum of the weighted interest rates of each node in the financial network still remains a constant and that the difference of the instant interest rates between two nodes will finally approach the difference between their basic interest rates. in the third section of chapter 2, the differential equation model of interest rate - amount of circulating fund in an open system is studied, the laws of changes of interest rate are taken into account when fund is injected into or withdrawn from the node or when fund is injected into the network or withdrawn from the network, and the stability of equilibrium solution is proved based upon lyapunov stability theory. in the last, the equation model of interest rate - amount of circulating fund in the financial network with time delay is studied, and a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of periodic solution is obtained to the interest rate - amount of circulating fund equation with delay

    本文第二章首先建立了封閉系統的利率?流通量微分方程模型，證明了各結點利率加權和為常數即金融市場利率均衡原理，以及各結點利率極限為整個網路平均利率；其次在各結點基本利率不相同的情況下，建立了非齊次利率?流通量微分方程模型，證明了金融網路各結點利率加權和仍是一個常數，並證明了各結點兩兩之間的即時利率之差最終將穩定地趨于其基本利率差；此外，還研究了開放金融網路利率?流通量方程模型，考慮了結點自身追加資金和提走資金的情形以及網路外部注入資金和向外部轉移資金情形下的利率變化規律，用lyapunov穩定性理論證明了模型均衡解的穩定性；最後，還研究了具有時滯的金融網路利率?流通量方程模型，並給出了具有時滯金融網路的利率流通量方程具有周期解的充要條件。
  6. To solve the inaccuracy problem caused by the two existing methods ( average end - area method and prismoidal method ) used for the calculation of roadway earthwork volume, this paper puts forward a new concept of the 3 - dimensional algorithm that takes all the roadway geometric design procedures as a kind of geometrical operation between the ground model ( original terrain model ) and the roadway model ( designed model ) under certain constraints, and then presents a complete 3 - dimensional algorithm of roadway earthwork volume as well as its executable computer program. the algorithm benefits from the re - triangulation technique of constrained delaunay triangulation ( cdt ), which can yield a true volume value theoretically. through a number of practical tests covering varied intervals between adjacent cross sections, it is proven to possess a higher accuracy compared with that of traditional methods. all the work involved in this paper indicates that the 3 - dimensional calculation of roadway earthwork volume is feasible, more accurate and should have further application in practice

    針對目前廣泛使用的道路土方量計算方法平均斷面法和稜柱體法計算不準確的缺點，提出了三維土方量計算演算法的概念.該演算法以帶約束的狄羅尼三角化（ cdt ）為技術核心，認為所有道路幾何設計過程都是地面模型和道路（設計）模型進行幾何運算的結果.基於此，本文設計出相應的演算法步驟，同時完成了相應的軟體開發，使得該三維演算法能和傳統的方法進行對比.此外，結合工程實例，採用了不同的道路橫斷面間距對三維計算方法和傳統方法的誤差進行比較、分析.結果證明三維演算法具有更好的精度，該演算法可用於道路、場地平整等工程土方量計算
  7. According to the guidline, two nd : yag lasers have been designed and set up, one is end - pumped by lower output power ld using a selfoc micro lens, and the other is end - pumped by high output power ld using a pair of lenses are designed, and the characteristics such as output power and power stabilization of both solid - state lasers are investigated. thirdly, when an empty liquid crystal cell is inserted in the cavity of the nd : yag laser pumped by high power ld, the laser can operates in single axial mode. finally, according to the relationship between the laser output power and the longnitudinal a ld - end - pumped nd : yag laser sensor for displacement measurement has been investigated theoretically and demonstrated experimently, the results indicate that when the mean radius of pumping inside the laser cavity is far less than that of the oscilating laser mode, the exponential of the output power is a gauss function of the longitudinal positon of focused spot of ld pumping beam, both the measurement range and the sensitivity are dependent on the incident pumping power, as the incident pumping power is increased, the measurement range is enlarged and the sensitivity is improve d

    本文首先介紹了ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器的發展狀況、主要特性及其應用，從四能級速率方程出發，推導了ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器的閾值、輸出功率和斜效率的表達式，並簡述了激光器的工作原理、結構型式和倍頻方法；其次，以空間相關的速率方程為基礎，提出了ld端面泵浦nd ： yag激光器的設計方法，給出了一定泵浦耦合方式下，振蕩光模尺寸、最佳輸出耦合率、泵浦光模尺寸、泵浦光焦斑位置等參數的選取依據，以此為依據，設計了自聚焦透鏡耦合小功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器和透鏡組耦合高功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器，對激光器的輸出功率和功率穩定性等特性進行了實驗研究；再次，在帶尾纖輸出的高功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光腔內插入一隻空液晶盒，觀察到了激光器以單縱模運轉；最後，根據泵浦光焦斑端面位置對激光輸出功率的影響規律，提出了ld端面泵浦nd ： yag激光位移傳感新方法，並進行了理論和實驗研究，研究結果表明：當激光晶體內泵浦光平均光斑半徑遠小於振西安理工大學碩士學位論文蕩光束腰半徑時，激光輸出功率的自然指數與泵浦光焦斑的縱向位置成高斯變化規律，測量范圍和靈敏度依賴于泵浦功率，隨著泵浦功率的增加，測量范圍擴大，靈敏度提高，當端面泵浦功率為7 . 24w （最大輸出功率為1 . 926w ）時，激光位移傳感器的測量范圍和靈敏度分別是13 . 045mm和0 . 148mw / pm 。
  8. A method of fuzzy optimization design based on genetic algorithm is presented as a new method of parameter optimization design for dc double closed loop speed adjusting system. the method covers three steps. firstly, speed overshoot rate and settling time are chosen as performance indice according to the demand of engineering. these indice are normalized by using fuzzy membership function and then weighted to form objective function of optimization model of the system. secondly, the dynamic response curve of the system with corresponding parameters and peoformance indice are obtained by computerized numerical calculation and simulation. finally, parameters of engineering design are expanded as searching space ; and parameters of speed regulator and current regulator are taken as genes in chromosome. these genes in searching space are optimized to get best solution by way of genetic algorithm. as shown by experimental results, the parameters designed by this method are capable of significantly improving performance indice of the system, which proves that it is a practical and effective method

    提出一種基於遺傳演算法的直流雙閉環調速系統參數優化設計方法.根據工程技術的要求，選用速度超調量和過渡時間作為參數優化性能指標.將該指標用模糊隸屬度函數歸一化，再加權平均形成系統優化模型的目標函數.採用計算機數值計算方法，通過模擬獲得系統對應參數的動態響應曲線及其性能指標.最後以工程設計的參數為搜索范圍，以速度調節器和電流調節器的參數為染色體中的基因，通過遺傳演算法在搜索范圍中優化這些基因，獲得優化解.實驗結果表明，所設計的參數能使系統性能指標有顯著提高
  9. During the course of the research, the criterions of the interpolation effect are mean error ( me ), mean absolute error ( mae ), root mean squared interpolation error ( rmse ) and the difference of mean square deviation between the measured and the estimated surface air temperature. the conclusions are as follows : ( 1 ) by contrasting the gaussian weighted model associated with the error modification with the gaussian weighted model, the error modification is proved to considerably ameliorate the precision of spatial interpolation ; ( 2 ) on the base of the gaussian weighted model, taking altitudinal effect into account can reflect the trend in which temperature changes according to the topographic altitude and may ameliorate the precision of spatial interpolation correspondingly and apparently, which indicates that topographical effect on the preciseness of spatial interpolation can not be disregarded in terms of the region with complicated topography ; ( 3 ) the map of daily surface air temperature distribution, using the modified gaussian weighted model a and b, can accurately reflect the temperature - changing - with - topographical - altitude trend. among them, the better is the model a, whose me is below 0. 03 ?

    在此過程中，採用平均誤差（ me ） ，平均絕對誤差（ mae ） ，插值平均誤差平方的平方根（ rootmeansquaredinterpolationerror ，簡稱rmsie ） ，插值前後測站要素值的均方差（ meansquaredeviation ，簡稱msd ）差值作為判定插值效果的標準，得出如下結論：通過高斯權重法與結合逐步訂正的高斯權重法的對比，說明結合逐步訂正方案的高斯權重法可大大提高地面日氣溫的插值精度；在高斯權重法中加入海拔影響項可以反映出溫度隨地形高度的變化趨勢，同時也能較大地提高地面日氣溫的空間插值精度，說明在地形復雜的區域，地形影響在插值精度中是不可忽略的；對于高斯權重法的兩種改進方案得到的地面日氣溫分布圖都能很好地反映出表面大氣氣溫隨地形高度的變化趨勢。
  10. This incubation adjustment of parents makes the synchrony in hatching and the hatching intervals of nestlings shorter than the laying intervals of eggs. this phenomenon was perhaps resulted from the incubating behavior difference of parents in laying time and incubating time. the research also found that the growth rate and survival rate in the latest hatched nestlings in little egret were lower than the earlier hatched ones

    卵的孵化時間與產卵順序呈負相關性，先產的卵比后產的卵所需孵化時間相對較長，此現象產生是由於親鳥在產卵期和產卵后的孵化行為不一致造成的，這種孵化調節使同一窩雛鳥孵出時間具有相對集中的趨勢，雛鳥出殼的時間間隔比產卵的時間間隔短；另一方面，在白鷺雛鳥的生長過程中，最晚出殼的雛鳥生長水平和成活率明顯落後于早出殼的雛鳥，而池鷺由於窩卵數和窩雛數為5的數量相對較少，雛鳥生長均衡。
  11. Axial load composed of five main kinds of vehicles was gained by eye - observing, and then the mean exchange coefficients of each kind of vehicles and equivalent standard axle load were obtained

    利用目測法得到各類車輛軸載組成，通過分析得到各類車輛平均軸載換算系數，然後求得標準軸載作用次數，採用空間換時間方法，最後建立了四個地區不同交通量等級下的路面使用性能預測方程。
  12. Secondly, the identification algorithms of road traffic status are studied including methods of determining floating car sample sizes which are based on “ the relationship between floating car sample sizes and accuracy of traffic information detection ” and “ the relationship between floating car sample sizes and requirement of road network information detection ”. the road traffic identification algorithm grounded on the journey - time is analyzed. besides, road traffic identification algorithm based on average speed is put forward and the validity of these two methods is analyzed in the thesis

    主要工作包括:從「浮動車數量與交通流信息檢測準確性關系」 、 「浮動車樣本數量與路網全方位信息檢測需求關系」兩方面對浮動車數量確定方法進行研究，給出了演算法模型;同時，分析了基於行程時間的道路交通判別演算法，提出了基於指數平滑法的平均瞬時速度道路交通判別演算法，並對兩種演算法的有效性進行分析比較。
  13. Some features of the engineering control network demand special applications of gps in road and bridge engineering, for example, particular requirement of accuracy on some aspect that results in distribution of net points and sometimes bigger height difference of points, consideration of staking out in construction in the design of engineering control network, application of independent engineering coordinate system, and use of engineering mean height surface as the projection surface of computation

    由於工程式控制制網的一些自身特性，如施工控制網要考慮施工放樣的方便，或某一方面精度的特定要求，網點分佈不夠均勻，點間高差有時較大；採用工程獨立坐標系，並且往往以工程平均高程面為計算投影面等等，使得gps在路橋工程中的應用也有一些特殊性。
  14. This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory

    本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。
  15. By applying volume averaging operator to the local transient rng k - s model, the effects of interaction between liquid and bubble on the turbulent kinetic energy and its dissipation rate are incorporated to the rng k - s model

    根據eulerian體平均原理，對局部瞬時rng -模型方程進行平均化處理，經過數學演繹首次得出氣液兩相湍流rng -模型，並在模型中考慮了相間作用對液相湍流動能及耗散的影響。
  16. Adopt market segmentation, market positioning, and market combination in anglicizing the current situation of passenger transportation in southwest china, take, its technologic economic characteristic and the resources of the form of railway passenger transportation into consideration in developing and selling new products, we can create the best market value and economic efficiency. in accordance with basic theories of transportation system and modern marketing, the thesis takes the means of marketing segmentation and balance of supply and distribution, makes a thorough analysis on influential factors of passenger transportation, requirement, structure, transportation net, etc. dealing with the requirements and supplies of passenger transportation market of southwest china, the thesis tries to advance a new market countermove including the overall strategy, product development, brand design, sale ' s organizations, on the basis of present situation of leaving time, passenger mobility, average distance, geographical position and passenger composition

    本文按照交通運輸系統分析和現代市場營銷學的基本理論，運用供求分析和市場細分的方法，從影響因素、需求量、客運結構、運輸網各方面對西南地區客運市場需求和供給狀況進行分析和研究，並在此基礎上按照出行時間、客流性質、平均行程、地理位置、旅客成分等對西南鐵路客運市場進行市場細分和目標市場定位，提出了「以能保長、以速引中、以價爭短、以質創新」的營銷總體戰略和產品開發、價格管理、品牌設計、銷售組織等一系列營銷對策。
  17. In point of engineering, this paper improves on the method of gjb2072 - 94 - 1 - a on the background of " xx missile weapon system maintainability test and evaluation ", and provides the new method based on bayes theory to demonstrate mttr ( mean time to repair ) of weapon systems

    本文從工程的角度出發，並以「 xx導彈武器系統維修性試驗與評定」課題為背景，對gjb2072 - 94 - 1 - a方法作了改進。並根據bayes理論的基本思想，結合具體問題，討論了基於bayes理論的平均修復時間驗證方法。
  18. First, the backward kolmogorov equation for the conditional reliability function and the pontryagin equation for mean first - passage time and then - associated boundary and initial conditions are derived based on the stochastic averaging methods for quasi non - integrable, quasi integrable and quasi partially integrable hamiltonian systems, respectively

    首先利用擬不可積、擬可積非共振及擬部分可積非共振hamilton系統的隨機平均法分別給出了研究該系統首次穿越問題的提法，包括計算條件可靠性函數的後向kolmogorov方程及計算平均首次穿越時間的pontryagin方程及其邊值條件。
  19. Simulation and showing image of running system, so the following work must be researched : 1. firstly reliability of five - step ship gate control system scheme is analyzed applying fault tree analysis ( fta ), obtaining fault trees, and on the base of the trees, mean time between fault ( mtbf ) of different control schemes is calculated, at last several important points helping to reliability of system are obtained

    首次提出了應用故障樹分析法（ fta ）對五級船閘控制系統設計方案進行可靠性分析和評估，得到故障樹分析圖。以此圖為基礎，計算出了系統在不同控制方案時的平均無故障時間（ mtbf ） ，並對主要元器件進行重要度計算，比較出它們對系統故障的影響程度。
  20. The time effect of the settlement of single pile in a homogeneous soil was investigated. the interface between pile and soil was simulated by voigt model, and the analytical relationship of settlement and time of single pile in homogeneous soil was obtained by the method of separating variables

    均質地基中單樁沉降的時間效應研究將樁周土對樁的作用簡化為voigt體模型，建立了均質地基中考慮土體粘彈性的單樁靜力平衡方程，成功地將時間因素與單樁的沉降聯系起來。
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