替代性強化 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [tìdàixìngqiánghuà]
替代性強化 英文
vicarious reinforcement
  • 替 : Ⅰ動詞1 （代替） replace; substitute for; supply [take] the place of 2 [書面語] （衰敗） decline Ⅱ...
  • 代 : Ⅰ動詞1 （代替） take the place of; be in place of 2 （代理） act on behalf of; acting Ⅱ名詞1 （歷...
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 強 : 強形容詞（強硬不屈;固執） stubborn; unyielding
  • 替代性 : vicarism
  • 替代 : substitute for; supersede; replace; substitution; replacement
  1. For the sake of saving exchange expense, consignation substitution has to replace government ' s function and management of evaluation and performance replace the function of market. the guarantee of system is a condition of organizational structure readjustment

    任何一個組織要想變化，都要有巨大的外力擠壓，有組織內部變革的強烈要求，有對未來的策劃能提供具有連貫性替代。
  2. Sodium metasilicate has strong alkalinity and good buffering capacity. it can neutralize acidic dirt, emulsify grease and oil, and provide corrosion proofing to metals. it is a basic material for the detergent industry, widely used in domesticindustrial detergent, food cleaner, metal cleaner, washing carbonated drink bottles, printing aid for textile, deinking recycled paper, etc

    偏硅酸鈉具有強堿性，去污力強，緩沖能力大，可中和酸性污物，使脂肪和油類乳化，對無機物有反絮凝作用，對金屬有防腐蝕作用，是洗滌業不可替代的原料，廣泛應用於家庭洗衣粉、工業洗滌劑、食品清洗劑、金屬清洗劑、酒瓶清洗劑、除油紡織印染助劑及紙張脫墨劑等。
  3. However, the waterproof function and anti - fungus capability of ccf is relatively so poor that the quantity of first - grade and excellent - quality products is very few. in addition, the external antifriction layer of ccf is expensive and faulty, and 80 % of manufactories in china depend on the import antifriction paper. aimed at the situation, this paper put forward a simple and effective way - rabbet surface sealing technique ( rsst ) to improve the waterproof function and anti - fungus capability of ccf

    本文針對其防水抗霉性能較差、一等品及優等品極少；以及其表層耐磨紙價格昂貴、缺陷較多，尤其我國生產廠家80依賴進口耐磨紙的現狀，提出一種簡便而行之有效的方法? ?企口表面全封閉法來改善復合強化地板的防水抗霉性能，並採用國產材料研製出一種集裝飾功能與高耐磨性能於一體、生產成本很低的新型高耐磨層，以替代進口耐磨紙。
  4. In order to deal with the crisis, the jing people in hai village have to reutilize unsubstitutability of blood relationship to restructure their ethnicity acknowledgement, and rejuvenate the traditional culture of jing based on this and strengthen ethnicity consciousness of ethnicity members

    為了應對這種危機，海村京族人不得不重新利用血緣關系的不可替代性來重新構建其族群認同，並以此為基礎復興京族傳統文化，強化族群成員的族群意識。
  5. To restructure the basic principles of the civil mediation system, perfect the procedural rules, truly implement principles of self - willingness and judgement authority, so as to restore the original requirements of a mediation system. to implement a policy of limited case review, so as to maintain the effect of the mediation agreement, and the authority of a court mediation. meanwhile, to give the litigants certain subsidy rights, so as to achieve a balance between the litigation interests and private law interests

    要重新構建民事訴訟模式，完善民事訴訟證據規則，固定法官的中立角色，減少調解過程中的強制；要建立多元化的替代性糾紛解決機制，使民事訴訟調解制度更具系統化；要重構民事調解制度的基本原則，完善程序性規定，落實自願原則和處分權原則，還調解制度本來的要求；要實行有限再審，維護調解協議的效力和法院調解的權威，同時，給予當事人一定的救濟權利，實現訴訟利益和私法利益的平衡。
  6. Ferromagnetism and magnetization steps induced by a - site substitution in nd1 - xcaxmno

    位替代導致的鐵磁性及磁化強度跳變
  7. The influence on the magnetism and the electron spin resonance ( esr ) over a wide range of composition and temperature have been studied systematically. an obvious symmetric esr signal with a lorentzian lineshape in the paramagnetic regime is observed

    本論文邊過選擇磁性離子替代，著眼點在於討論衫雜離子的磁性效應，實驗發現摻雜使樣品的磁結構發生變化，且在低溫時出現磁化強度峰，用摻雜離子自旋旋轉對此進行了解釋。
  8. On the base, the cheap labor resources in china, the expensive international long distance freight, the seasonal delicacy of many raw materials and its inconvenience in storage forwarded the process of the product that had been exported. and also because of the incitement of high profit of the export product, modern chinese inflexible pursuit of the industrialization and the severely patriotic spirit, pushed the convert of export process industry : from foreign merchant controlling the process industry alone to the native people investing in the expert process industry, from the raw material and elementary product to the deep finished goods, from semi - processed goods to terminal products, from light industry goods to heavy chemical industry goods, and so export substitution developed silk - spinning, silk - weaving, cotton - spinning and weaving, the bean process, the egg process, noodle industry and etc were most outstanding. and also some heavy chemical industry products such as steel cement sour alkali and etc beginned to be exported

    其中有一點就是中國成了工業列強的原料品供應地，正是在此基礎上，由於中國勞力資源的便宜，國際長途運費的昂貴，以及許多原料品的時鮮性和不便於儲存，它們推動了該類產品的出口加工；也由於出口品高利潤的刺激，和近代中國人對工業化的執著追求以及強烈的愛國精神，促使出口加工業的發展由外商控制到國人投資經營轉化，由加工原料初級品向一定的深加工品轉化，由生產半成品向終端產品轉化，由輕工業品向重化工業品加工轉化，出口替代就這樣發展了起來。它以生絲、絲織、棉紡織、豆類加工、蛋製品、麵粉等加工最為突出，同時也興起一部分重化工業產品如鋼鐵、水泥、酸堿等的加工出口，呈現出一些較明顯的積極的發展趨勢。
  9. Energy conservation and and reformation of power plants " heat installation affect a lot on the efficient performance of opertion of power plant. pump and fan take a large proportion in power plant and resume much electric energy. so there is much energy conservation pationlity in them. and we should have strong tools and theories " support to reform them. we can combine the theory modeling and engineering design manufacture by the bussiness software such as fluent. in order to take full advantage of the powerful function of fluent and increase absolutely its conveniece and interaction, we should develop fluent secondly. this paper puts the idea firstly demostricly to substitute the performance test of pump and fan to get the integrative system of the optimization and computer aid design, and so we can increase greatly of the efficiecy and quality of the facility reformation. the main idea about the secondary development of fluent in this paper is based on the secondary development of gambit, the modeling and meshing s oftware of fluent, and simplify the modeling and meshing of gambit. meanwile, the data management base on web browser kind is adopted for the convenience of optimization and parameterization, and the journal files createdly recently can get new medeling and meshing files that can be used by fluent. so the designer can focus on the computer scheme and the result analysis without care the fussy designing and optimiziation. so we can increase greatly the optimization efficiency

    泵與風機在電廠中占較大數量比例，且消耗大量電能，節能潛力巨大，對其改造需要強有力的工具和理論支持，用商用cfd軟體如fluent可實現泵與風機改造中的理論模擬與工程設計製造間的結合。為了充分發揮fluent的強大功能，又能最大程度地提高其方便性與交戶性，應對其進行二次開發。本課題在國內首先提出對fluent進行二次開發，替代泵與風機性能試驗，形成一體化的優化、輔助製造系統，可大大提高設備改造的效率與質量，其主要思想是基於fluent的cad構體軟體gambit進行二次開發，簡化了泵的構體過程，同時，為了優化及參數化方便，採用基於webbrowser的數據管理方式，生成新的記錄文件同時產生新的fluent計算能識別的圖形網格文件，這樣就將設計優化者從繁瑣的圖形設計及優化中解脫出來，專注于對計算方案的確定及計算結果的分析，極大地提高了設計優化的效率。
  10. When exciting at 1064nm, the fluorescence of the crystal violet ( cv ) in the cv - au sol system will be quenched rapidly and meanwhile its raman signals will also be enhanced at least 105. after addition of some drops hno3 ( 1 + 10 - 2m ), due to the chemical interaction between some cv molecules and hno3, some hcv derivatives will be formed. compared with cv, hcv can be adsorbed on metal surface more easily and tightly so there is some extra enhancement in this condition

    結果表明，結晶紫分子?金膠體系中結晶紫分子在1064nm近紅外光激發條件下，其熒光得以大大淬滅，同時拉曼得到了至少不低於10 ~ 5倍的增強；當進一步加入硝酸使得其處于酸性氣氛下時，由於部分結晶紫分子與硝酸發生了化學作用形成了結晶紫分子的單替代衍生物（ hcv ） ，而hcv與結晶紫分子相比，更容易吸附在金屬表面，因此結晶紫分子nir - sers還將有很大的增強。
  11. Chapter one has mainly introduced the development of the market of chinese car, and the theory of satisfaction to customer has carried on the survey. foreign study on customer satisfaction deepen and not thorough quite already, customer satisfaction research to accompany by enterprise management idea transformation of weight and produce. the basic goal that enterprises exist is to pursue the maximization of the profit or maximization of enterprise ' s value, satisfied with the centre theory to develop from theory of centre of output value to the customer progressively, just because the customer is satisfied with the appearance of the centre theory, have produced customer ' s satisfactory research

    我國的汽車市場已經步入了高速發展的快車道，市場競爭空前激烈，產品同質化越來越高、可替代性越來越強、服務模式也日趨同一化，顧客的消費行為亦由感性階段進入了理性階段，在這樣一個復雜、瞬息萬變的市場激烈競爭中，單純的產品策略、服務策略等營銷手段無疑已經無法被顧客識別，而以「顧客為中心」 ，不斷提高顧客滿意度、提升顧客忠誠度、培養獨特的品牌已經成為了轎車企業突圍的唯一出路。
  12. This paper gives the way of using the ac servo drive instead of the traditional drive mode consisted of the main motor, the gears and belts, realizing the synchronous drives of the multi - motors. the closed loop control technology of the speed and the position embedding has been adopted to track in real time, then to reduce the transmission error and the noise, so as to increase the control precision and the stability of the combination and simplify the maintenance and repair of the mechanical and technical system

    採用交流伺服驅動代替傳統的由主電機、齒輪和皮帶組成的傳動方式，實現多電機同步驅動;採用速度環和位置環嵌套的閉環控制技術，進行實時跟蹤，達到減小傳動誤差、減小噪音，增強機組的控制精度與穩定性、簡化機電系統的維護與修理的效果。
  13. The substitutive reinforcement and intermediary role must be fully developed to make people more reasonably understand the spiritual substance and epochal intension of models, selectively bring them into their own value system as a part of self faith, and turn " the existence of idea " into " the existence of reality " through practice

    特別要充分發揮替代性強化和認知的中介作用，使人們更加理性地理解榜樣的精神實質和時代內涵，並有選擇性地納入自己的價值體系，成為自己信念的一部分，通過實踐把「觀念的存在」變成「現實的存在」 。
  14. The study tries to divide enhancement effect into chemical effect and physical effect and recurs to inertial material to replace superfine slag powder

    本研究藉助磨細惰性摻料等量替代礦渣微粉試圖將礦渣微粉的增強效應分解為化學效應和物理效應。
  15. That means the state will pay more attention to the macro - regucation to the specialities distributed, the scale and the profit, while the pe institute will be given more power for designing the structure of the subjects ; the influence of the market on the subject designing will be enhanced ; the suitableness and the practicalness of the subject designing will be enhanced further more ; the subject designing model will turn to the conotation styled ", the variety of the subjects will be reduced, and the specifications will be of the majors developed ; the extensive, outdated and simplistic subjects structure will he replaced by the systematic and varied owe one

    21世紀我國高等學校體育本科專業設置五大發展趨勢，即國家將更加重視對專業布局、規模和效益方面的宏觀調控，而體育院校在專業設置方面將被賦予更多的自主權；市場導向對專業設置的影響將進一步增強；專業設置的社合適應性和實用性進一步加強；專業設置將更注重「內涵式」發展模式，專業種數將繼續減少，專業口徑將進一步拓寬；系統、多樣化的新型專業結構將替代原有粗放、單一的專業結構。
  16. How to make the saponification slag profit us ? according to saponification slag is one kind of substandard lime, in this research, i use saponification slag to stabilize granule soil instead of lime. the intensity, rigidity, water stability, anti - scouring, shrinkage index of saponification slag stabilization is the same as the index of lime stabilization

    根據皂化渣屬等外石灰的特點，利用皂化渣替代石灰用於皂化渣穩定細粒土、皂化渣粉煤灰穩定細粒土、皂化渣粉煤灰等結構，並對這幾種結構的強度、剛度、水穩定性、抗沖刷能力、收縮性等指標進行了分析，結果顯示這幾種結構性能指標與石灰類結構相當。
  17. Because research on substitutions for r22 shows that the heat transfer abilities of its substitutions are less than that of r22, microfin tubes are applied to augment in - tube evaporation and condensation heat transfer

    R22的替代研究表明，對臭氧無害的替代工質的傳熱性能往往不及r22 ，採用強化傳熱技術可以彌補其傳熱性能的降低。本課題正是在上述研究背景下提出的。
  18. The difference between the law and the fact property right, enterprise ' s distribution ca n ' t embody the income of human capital property right ), and it also puts forward some shortages existed in traditional enterprise ' s administrative pattern - neglecting h uman capital property right. on this base, the article discusses the necessities of establishing the property right of enterprise ' s human capital in details from the theory ( the necessary demands of modern enterprise ' s system, the unfavorable influence from the uncompleted property right structure of enterprises, human capital - is a kind of rare capital, enterprise ' s decisive capital and it is the essential manifestation of public - owned economic relations ). in practice, it initially analyses the possibility of human capital property right ' s practice ( i. e. policy guide, practical turning point, practical base ) and its basic forms ( share ownership, optional institution )

    在此基礎上，從理論上詳細討論了建立企業人力資本產權的必要性（現代企業制度的必然要求、殘缺的產權結構對企業的不利影響、人力資本是一種稀缺資本、人力資本是企業的決定性資本、人力資本產權是公有制經濟關系的本質體現等） ；從實踐上，對人力資本產權實踐的可行性（政策導向、實踐契機、實踐基礎等） 、企業人力資本產權實踐的基本形式（股權化、期權制度）進行了初步分析，認為企業激勵制度設計中，人力資本產權激勵是重要的方式，在目前的經濟條件下，採取人力資本股權化的形式，具有較強的現實可行性；對那些擁有市場需求大、稀缺性程度高、可替代性程度低的人力資本（要素）的所有者，股票期權制度是人力資本產權實踐發展的基本方向。
  19. This paper assesses and analyses disaster degree of flood - waterlogging disaster by use of three - factor influence assessment method. it establishes the synthetic disaster index model and analyzes the in fluence degree of different disaster factors on synthetic disaster condition by use of the method of continuous substitution. the study results show as follows. the variation of disaster degree has the features of quasi - period and of development by stages ; the factors of flood disaster condition are the main influence factors on variation of synthetic disaster condition ; the influence direction of different factors are not all the same, and the factors that enlarge disaster condition show the new characteristics of flood - waterlogging disaster ; because the waterlogging disaster is serious da ybyday, the control of waterlogging must be strengthened

    運用三因子聯立評估法，評定了洞庭湖區洪災，澇災和洪澇災的災度，進行了相應的分析;構建了洪澇災情指數，並運用聯環替代法對各災情因素的影響進行了分析.分析得出:洞庭湖區洪澇災度具有階段性和準周期性等特徵;洪災災情因素是綜合災情變化的主導影響因素;各災情因素影響方向不完全一致，其中起放大作用的因素反映出洪澇災害的新特點;澇災日趨嚴重，應加強澇災治理
  20. The methodology on change in that period are summarized as changing the schools in the way of innovation, enriching the strategies for change with the experimenta1 methodoiogical thoughts. surpassing the antithesis between two extremes with the tl1inking principle of continuity. the author then dissects some exal11ples of change in europe and the u. s. from the 50s to the 70s, such as the curriculum reform guided by the structuralistic curriculum theory the successfui or t l failing cases of the progressive experimental schoo1s lasting in the 50s, oecd ' s poxter - - coerci ) e strateg } -, rational - mpirical strateg } " and normative - - re - educativ ' e - strateg } "

    然後對歐美50 - 70年代以結構主義課程論為指導思想的課程改革、進步主義實驗學校延續到50年代以後的失敗的或成功的案例、歐洲經濟合作與開發組織oecd在「 prdd 」戰略中開發的權力?強制策略、經驗?合理性策略、規范?再教育策略等變革實例進行了剖析；同時也對一些側重於「思想探險」的案例進行了評論，這些案例如伊里奇的「非學校化社會」理論和四種學習網路、古德曼的「六條替代性建議」 、 《學會生存》關于以自學為原則的學習化社會的描述等等。
分享友人
分享到 Line

分享到臉書