最大頂分 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zuìdàdǐngfēn]
最大頂分
英文
big top-
There are also decorative patterns of chinese balustrades and persian acanthus. we can see a pagoda with many layers of eaves in the chinese style, or a cave having columns in the front like greek architectures. these carvings with a western flavor belong to the ancient indian gandhara style
東部的石窟多以造塔為主，故又稱塔洞中部石窟每個都分前後兩室，主佛居中，洞壁及洞頂布滿浮雕西部石窟以中小窟和補刻的小為最多，修建的時代略晚，大多是北魏遷都洛陽后的作品。Standard test method for maximum media density for dead load analysis of green roof systems
新暴露頂層系統靜荷載分析用最大介質密度的標準試驗方法The results of field observation showed that mucky clay in the shore slope of the wharfs was the stratum with the most obvious horizontal displacement and most of the pile heads close to the retaining walls inclined towards the land to different degrees, agreeing well with the inclination of pile heads as observed on site
原型觀測結果表明：碼頭岸坡內的淤泥質粘土層為水平位移最明顯土層，靠近擋土墻的大部分樁頂都出現了不同程度的向陸側傾斜，這與實際見到的樁端傾斜狀況完全相符。Some conclusions are drawn : 1 ) effect of inertial force from superstructures on the lateral seismic response of single pile can not be ignored ; 2 ) the lateral seismic response of single pile induced by far - field earthquake are mainly affected by acceleration mass of superstructure > site eigenperiod. it increases with the increment of accele ration and mass of superstructure. as the site characteristic frequency approaches the self - oscillation frequency of the pile, sympathetic vibration occurs and the value of lateral seismic response reaches maximum ; 3 ) as the stiffness ratio of pile to soil increase, the relative displacement of pile to soil increases ; 4 ) the lateral seismic response of fixed - head pile is much smaller than that of free - head pile
將其解析解與具體的的抗震設防烈度和場地特徵周期結合起來，計算分析了成層地基中單樁的橫向地震響應，得到了以下結論： 1 ）上部結構慣性力對樁的橫向地震響應的影響不可忽略； 2 ）成層地基中的單樁的橫向地震響應主要受地震基本加速度、場地特徵周期、上部結構質量的影響，隨地震基本加速度、上部結構質量的增大而增大；場地特徵頻率越接近樁基自振頻率，樁基地震響應越大，等於自振頻率時，由於發生共振現象，樁基響應幅值最大； 3 ）樁土剛度比越大，樁土之間的相對位移的幅值越大； 4 ）樁頂固接的連接方式，可以有效地降低地震時單樁的橫向地震響應。The number of mitochondrion is more less than the endoplasmic reticulum, and the smooth endoplasmic reticulum is the main kind of the endoplasmic reticulum ; golgi bodies and lysosomes emerge in the secondary spermatocyte stage. finally, these organelles change into pre - acrosome vesicles which become acrosome at last. sinopotamon chekiangense during the spermatogenensis, chronmatins condense at different level until middle spermatid stage
在整個發生過程中細胞器數量較少，內質網數目在各細胞器中所佔比例最大，以滑面內質網為主，線粒體在初級精母細胞中最多，自次級精母細胞開始逐漸減少，高爾基體和溶酶體自次級精母細胞始出現，在發育過程中上述細胞器不斷分化，在精細胞階段形成前頂體腔，最後形成圓球形頂體。Lai chi wo is the largest hakka village in the north - east new territories and is on the opposite side of kat o island. in its auspicious period, there were more than one hundred households in lai chi wo. houses are built with green bricks and clay tiles in an orderly arrangement that is enclosed by a curved - shape village wall
荔枝窩村是新界東北最具規模的客家村落，與吉澳島遙遙相對，該村已有三百多年歷史，在六十年代全盛時期有超過一百戶人家居住，屋子整齊排列，大部分以青磚及瓦頂形式建造，村前有一道弧形圍墻，作為出口的東門上刻有紫氣東來字樣，而西門則刻有西接祥光四字。From top level event fault, every level events " ineffective rate and unreliability limit are calculated and sorted by maximum probability of occurred faults in each level, the sequence of the bottom - event is arranged, and then the most probably happened bottom - event correspond to the specific top - event is found rapidly
從頂事件開始，計算各級故障的失效率和不可靠度，按照各級故障發生的最大概率，排列出底事件序列，迅速找到某一頂事件最可能對應的底事件，實現智能故障分析與診斷。( 2 ) in this paper, the author summarized the working principle, the superiority and the limitations of a few main kinds of classical sprinkler systems ; put emphasis on the importance of a few key points which is relevant to the function of the system, such as the choosing of sprinkler and it ' s fixing, the automatic checking function of water pump, the layout of alarm valve, especially the choosing of sprinkler and it ' s fixing ; looked through the feasibility of which we used water instead of gas by water mist especially finely divided water mist fire - extinguishing technique
展望了水噴霧技術特別是細水霧技術進行以水代氣滅火的可行性。 （ 3 ）針對工程設計中最復雜，工作量最大的部分-系統水力計算部分，在規范的基礎上，基於excel電子表格，提出了經濟流速的范圍，提供了一套行之有效的設計計算方法，同時，對屋頂水箱和增壓泵的設置這一難以解決的問題發表了見解，既確保了自動噴水滅火系統初期快速滅火、控火的性能，又節省了大量的設計工作時間。In the last week, climbers rushing to scale mount everest before the 50th anniversary of the first ascent on thursday have set a rash of records, including oldest ( 70 ), youngest ( 15 ), fastest ( 12 hours 45 minutes ), again the fastest ( 10 hours 56 minutes ) and the most frequent ( 13 times )
在過去的一個星期內，登山者們爭相在星期四這個人類第一次登頂珠峰50周年的紀念日之前攀登珠峰，並且創造了一系列的記錄，包括年紀最大（ 70歲） ，最小（ 15歲） ，最快登頂（ 12小時45分鐘） ，並且隨后更快登頂（ 10小時56分鐘）和登頂次數最多（ 13次）等記錄。Nucleoli exist from spermatocyte stage to early spermatid stage. in this process, the numbers of ribosomes, mitochondrions and endoplasmic reticulums increase until secondary spermatocyte stage, golgi apparatus emerges at the secondary spermatocyte stage, and then, these organelles change into lamellar complex which finally forms the acrosome
核糖體，線粒體和內質網等細胞器數量逐漸增多，到次級精母細胞階段達到最大，在形成精子的過程中，上述細胞器與高爾基體及膜性泡共同分化或參與形成片層小體，並參與頂體的形成。( 三 ) under the dynamic load of the explosion, the numeric analysis has been done and achieve the rule as follow : ( 1 ) when the frequency of vibration is 0. 3hz, the acceleration of the slopes top gets the maximum ; so 0. 3hz is believed the natural frequency of the slope as a whole ; ( 2 ) the vibration of explosion can been magnified because of the condition of the landform, when the relative altitude is up to 45m, the acceleration of horizon gets the maximum ; when the relative altitude is up to 100m, the absolute value of acceleration and the deformation of horizon is larger than that in the bottom of the slope ; ( 3 ) in the period of forced vibration, at the top of the slope, the acceleration of horizon become larger and larger ; at the middle part of the slope, it becomes smaller ; ( 4 ) when the explosion velocity of is much little, the shallow part destruction is the primary deformation of the slope
（三）採用模態疊加法針對爆破動力作用，進行邊坡的動力響應分析，得出了以下結論： （ 1 ）振動頻率為0 . 3hz時，坡面頂部水平向加速度峰值最大；綜合考慮，可認為該邊坡的自振頻率為0 . 3hz左右； （ 2 ）地形對爆破地振動存在放大作用，研究剖面的坡面，水平向加速度及位移在地形相對高差45米左右最大，而後隨相對高差的增高而減小，相對高差為100米時，水平向位移及加速度絕對值均大於坡腳； （ 3 ）強迫振動段，水平向加速度值隨時間變化的規律為：坡頂節點總的變化趨勢是越來越大，而坡體中部節點的變化趨勢是越來越小； （ 4 ）當爆破振速較小時，變形破壞的形式表現為坡頂表面滑塌型。A bearing surface transmits the interaction between an arch dam and its foundation, the strength of which directly affects the constraint of the bedrock to the dam, and thus affects the stress and deformation of the dam. the influence is studied in this paper with nonlinear finite element method, as an example, for a high arch dam in design. the results show that the influence on stress is only limited within the local area near the bearing surface, larger on the maximum principal tensile stress than on the principal compression stress, and the decrease of the strength does not cause unlimited increase of the maximum stress. the influence on the displacement of the top of the dam is smaller than that of the bottom of the dam, especially the relative downstream displacement. at the lower strength of the bearing surface, the relative downstream displacement at the bottom of the dam increases with the decrease of the strength
建基面是傳遞拱壩和基巖相互作用的紐帶，它的強度直接影響基巖對壩體的約束，從而影響壩體的應力和變形.採用非線性有限單元法，以設計中的某高拱壩為例，分析建基面強度對壩體應力和變形的影響.結果表明建基面強度對壩體應力的影響僅限於建基面附近的局部范圍，對最大主拉應力的影響要大於對最大主壓應力的影響，建基面強度的降低不會無限地增大壩體的應力數值；建基面強度對壩頂位移的影響較小，但對壩底位移（尤其是順河向相對位移）的影響較大，當建基面強度較低時，壩底順河向相對位移隨建基面強度的降低而增大Abstract : a new method, collaborative allocation ( ca ), is proposed to solve the large - scale optimum allocation problem in aircraft conceptual design. according to the characteristics of optimum allocation in aircraft conceptual design. the principle and mathematical model of ca are established. the optimum allocation problem is decomposed into one main optimization problem and several sub - optimization problems. a group of design requirements for subsystems are provided by the main system respectively, and the subsystems execute their own optimizations or further provide the detailed design requirements to the bottom components of aircraft, such as spars, ribs and skins, etc. the subsystems minimize the discrepancy between their own local variables and the corresponding allocated values, and then return the optimization results to main optimization. the main optimization is performed to reallocate the design requirements for improving the integration performance and progressing toward the compatibilities among subsystems. ca provides the general optimum allocation architecture and is easy to be carried out. furthermore, the concurrent computation can also be realized. two examples of optimum reliability allocation are used to describe the implementation procedure of ca for two - level allocation and three - level allocation respectively, and to validate preliminarily its correctness and effectiveness. it is shown that the developed method can be successfully used in optimum allocation of design requirements. then taking weight requirement allocation as example, the mathematical model and solution procedure for collaborative allocation of design requirements in aircraft conceptual design are briefly depicted
文摘:探討了一種新的設計指標最優分配方法- -協同分配法，用於處理飛機頂層設計中的大規模設計指標最優分配問題.分析了飛機頂層設計中的設計指標最優分配特徵，據此給出了協同法的原理並建立了數學模型.協同法按設計指標分配關系將最優分配問題分解為主系統優化和子系統優化，主優化對子系統設計指標進行最優分配，子優化以最小化分配設計指標值與期望設計指標值之間的差異為目標，進行子系統最優設計，或對底層元件（如飛機翼梁、翼肋和翼盒等）進行設計指標最優分配，並把最優解信息反饋給主優化.主優化通過子優化最優解信息構成的一致性約束協調分配量，提高系統整體性能，並重新給出分配方案.主系統與子系統反復協調，直到得到設計指標最優分配方案.兩層可靠度指標分配算例初步驗證了本文方法的正確性與可行性，三層可靠度指標分配算例證明了本文方法的有效性.最後，以重量指標分配為例，簡要敘述了針對飛機頂層設計中設計指標協同分配的數學模型和求解思路A new method, collaborative allocation ( ca ), is proposed to solve the large - scale optimum allocation problem in aircraft conceptual design. according to the characteristics of optimum allocation in aircraft conceptual design. the principle and mathematical model of ca are established. the optimum allocation problem is decomposed into one main optimization problem and several sub - optimization problems. a group of design requirements for subsystems are provided by the main system respectively, and the subsystems execute their own optimizations or further provide the detailed design requirements to the bottom components of aircraft, such as spars, ribs and skins, etc. the subsystems minimize the discrepancy between their own local variables and the corresponding allocated values, and then return the optimization results to main optimization. the main optimization is performed to reallocate the design requirements for improving the integration performance and progressing toward the compatibilities among subsystems. ca provides the general optimum allocation architecture and is easy to be carried out. furthermore, the concurrent computation can also be realized. two examples of optimum reliability allocation are used to describe the implementation procedure of ca for two - level allocation and three - level allocation respectively, and to validate preliminarily its correctness and effectiveness. it is shown that the developed method can be successfully used in optimum allocation of design requirements. then taking weight requirement allocation as example, the mathematical model and solution procedure for collaborative allocation of design requirements in aircraft conceptual design are briefly depicted
探討了一種新的設計指標最優分配方法- -協同分配法，用於處理飛機頂層設計中的大規模設計指標最優分配問題.分析了飛機頂層設計中的設計指標最優分配特徵，據此給出了協同法的原理並建立了數學模型.協同法按設計指標分配關系將最優分配問題分解為主系統優化和子系統優化，主優化對子系統設計指標進行最優分配，子優化以最小化分配設計指標值與期望設計指標值之間的差異為目標，進行子系統最優設計，或對底層元件（如飛機翼梁、翼肋和翼盒等）進行設計指標最優分配，並把最優解信息反饋給主優化.主優化通過子優化最優解信息構成的一致性約束協調分配量，提高系統整體性能，並重新給出分配方案.主系統與子系統反復協調，直到得到設計指標最優分配方案.兩層可靠度指標分配算例初步驗證了本文方法的正確性與可行性，三層可靠度指標分配算例證明了本文方法的有效性.最後，以重量指標分配為例，簡要敘述了針對飛機頂層設計中設計指標協同分配的數學模型和求解思路In an open letter in 2000, leading engineers in china, including some who had worked on the feasibility study, protested a decision to fill the reservoir faster than originally planned to maximize profit
2000年，包括參加了三峽項目可行性研究的部分工程師在內的中國工程學界頂尖學者發表了一封公開信，抗議為追求利潤最大化而以較原計劃更快的速度為大壩蓄水。Among all the graphs with n vertices or m edges and some special graphs, the graphs that have minimal or maximal value of the topological index are found
對于給定頂點數或邊數的簡單連通圖以及在一些特殊圖類中，確定了哪些分子圖具有最小或最大的拓撲指標值。Also the new ideas and the results of theoretic calculation are proved by in - situ measurement and experimentation in some two top coal caving mining faces, and the initial safe supporting strength in coal mining face be concluded
在此基礎上提出最小支撐強度和最大支撐強度的觀點，指出了決定它們取值大小的因素，最後通過兩個放頂煤工作面部分實驗和現場的測試，對提出的觀點及理論計算值進行了驗證，從而得出了採煤工作面的安全初撐強度。With the input of a vibration acceleration history of subway train, a full dynamic analysis of soil - pile - structure is carried out. the propagation of vibration wave on the ground and vibration responses of the huge platform and the storied buildings are analyzed. some conclusions are drawn as follows : ( 1 ) with the increase of the distance to the vibration source, vibration intensity of the ground decreases ; ( 2 ) the vibration intensity of the ground in vertical direction is slightly larger than that in horizontal direction ; ( 3 ) with the increase of the distance to the vibration source, the situation that the vibration intensity of each building in horizontal direction is maximum at highest and lowest story whereas minimum at the middle story changes gradually to that decreasing with the height of building ; ( 4 ) in vertical direction, the vibration velocities and accelerations at the end points of each story of a building are the nominal identical, which indicates that the vertical vibration of them is unanimous ; ( 5 ) the vibration intensity in vertical direction of a building is larger than that in horizontal direction ; ( 6 ) increasing of the elasticity of track is an effective way to abate vibration of ground and buildings
本文以北京地鐵八王墳車輛段地上超大結構（車輛段大平臺及其上的小區樓房）及其地基基礎為研究對象，在研究和分析有關資料的基礎上，用快速拉格朗日有限差分法軟體flac建立了二維數值分析模型，並以列車振動加速度時程作為模型輸入，進行了地基?樁基礎?地上結構的整體動力學分析，分析了地鐵列車運行產生的振動在地面的傳播規律及其對地上結構的影響，得到了如下結論： （ 1 ）隨著與地鐵線路距離的增大，地面的振動強度有減小的趨勢； （ 2 ）地面豎直方向的振動強度較之水平方向的略大； （ 3 ）隨著與振源距離的增大，在水平方向上，地上各幢樓房的振動強度由底層和頂層的最大、中間層的最小逐漸過渡到沿樓層增高而減小； （ 4 ）在豎直方向上，每幢樓各層端點的振動速度、加速度完全相同，表明樓房各層在豎直方向上的運動狀態一致； （ 5 ）各幢樓房豎直方向的振動強度比水平方向的大； （ 6 ）增加軌道彈性是減輕地面和地上建築振動的有效途徑。Combining one or more parameters of a graph, many papers either present some upper embeddable graphs ~ [ 7 - 14 ] that is to say, they present the graphs, whose maximum genus reaches the best upper bound, or, they give a better low bound on the maximum genus of some graphs ~ [ 15 - 31 ] the first major result of this paper is that : combining vertex partition and degree of vertices of graphs, to study the upper embeddablity of graphs
結合圖的一個或多個參數，許多文獻都給出了若干上可嵌入圖類，即給出了最大虧格達到最好上界[ （ g ） 2 ]的圖類；或給出一些圖類的最大虧格的較好下界。本文的第一個主要結果，根據圖的頂點劃分和點的度的條件，研究圖的上可嵌入性。The distribution areas of the high coefficients of cracked degree of the rocks are located at the crests of gaomuding structure and baoyuan structure besides the fault belts, where the coefficients of cracked degree of the rocks are commonly greater than 1. 42 and those around the above - mentioned areas are relatively high, being more than 1. 03 in general, which shows that the cracked degree of the rocks in t1j ^ 5 ( subscript 1 ), reservoir is relatively great and the fractures in it are relatively developed
破壞程度系數最高的分佈區帶除了斷裂帶外，還有高木頂、寶元構造的核部，這些地區巖體破壞接近程度系數普遍高於1 . 42 ；在上述地區的外圍巖體破壞系數也比較高，一般大於1 . 03 ，這說明嘉五1層巖體的破壞程度較高，裂縫比較發育。分享友人