最小持水量 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zuìxiǎochíshuǐliáng]
最小持水量
英文
least water-holding capacity- 最 : 副詞(表示某種屬性超過所有同類的人或事物) most; best; worst; first; very; least; above all; -est
- 小 : Ⅰ形容詞1 (體積、面積、數量、強度等不大) small; little; petty; minor 2 (年紀小的; 年幼的) youn...
- 持 : 動詞1 (拿著; 握著) hold; grasp 2 (持有; 保持) keep; hold 3 (支持; 保持) support; maintain 4...
- 水 : 名詞1 (由兩個氫原子和一個氧原子結合而成的液體) water 2 (河流) river 3 (指江、河、湖、海、洋...
- 量 : 量動1. (度量) measure 2. (估量) estimate; size up
- 水量 : water yield; the yield of water水量計[表] watermeter; 水量平衡 water balance; 水量收支 water budget
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Abstract : soil incubation experiments were conducted in lab to delineate the effect of soil temperature and soil water content on soil respirations in broad - leaved / korean pine forest ( mountain dark brown forest soil ), dark coniferous forest ( mountain brown coniferous forest soil ) and erman ' s birch forest ( mountain soddy forest soil ) in changbai mountain in september 2001. the soil water content was adjusted to five different levels ( 9, 21, 30, 37 and 43 ) by adding certain amount of water into the soil cylinders, and the soil sample was incubated at 0, 5, 15, 25 and 35 for 24 h the results indicated that in broad - leaved / korean pine forest the soil respiration rate was positively correlated to soil temperature from 0 to 35. soil respiration rate increased with increase of soil water content within the limits of 21 to 37, while it decreased with soil water content when water content was over the range. the result suggested the interactive effects of temperature and water content on soil respiration. there were significant differences in soil respiration among the various forest types. the soil respiration rate was highest in broad - leaved / korean pine forest, middle in erman ' s birch forest and the lowest in dark coniferous forest. the optimal soil temperature and soil water content for soil respiration was 35 and 37 in broad - leaved / korean pine forest, 25 and 21 in dark coniferous forest, and 35 and 37 in erman ' s birch forest. because the forests of broad - leaved / korean pine, dark coniferous and erman ' s birch are distributed at different altitudes, the soil temperature had 4 - 5 variation in different forest types during the same period. thus, the soil respiration rates measured in brown pine mountain soil were lower than those in dark brown forest and those measured in mountain grass forest soil were higher than those in brown pine mountain soil
文摘:為了研究土壤溫度和土壤含水量對闊葉紅松林(山地暗棕壤) 、雲冷杉暗針葉林(山地棕針葉林土壤)和岳樺林(生草森林土)的土壤呼吸的影響,於2001年9月在長白山進行了土壤實驗.利用增加土壤樣柱的含水量,將土壤含水量分為9 , 、 21 、 30 、 37和43 5個等級,土壤樣品分別在0 、 5 、 15 、 25和35的溫度下保持24小時.闊葉紅松林土壤在0 ( 35范圍內,土壤呼吸速率與溫度呈正相關.在一定的含水量范圍內( 21 ( 37 ) ,土壤呼吸隨含水量的增加而升高,當含水量超出該范圍,土壤呼吸速率則隨含水量的變化而降低.土壤溫度和水分對土壤呼吸作用存在明顯的交互作用.不同森林類型土壤呼吸作用強弱存在顯著差異,大小順序為闊葉紅松林>岳樺林>雲冷杉暗針葉林.紅松闊葉林土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是土壤溫度35 ,含水量37 ;雲冷杉暗針葉林下的山地棕色針葉土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是25 , 21 ;岳樺林土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是35 ,含水量37 .但是,由於長白山闊葉紅松林,雲冷杉林和岳樺林處在不同的海拔帶上,同期不同森林類型土壤溫度各不相同,相差4 ~ 5 ,所以野外所測的同期的山地棕色針葉林土呼吸速率應低於暗棕色森林土呼吸速率,山地生草森林土呼吸速率應高於山地棕色針葉林土的呼吸速率.圖2表1參25Soil incubation experiments were conducted in lab to delineate the effect of soil temperature and soil water content on soil respirations in broad - leaved / korean pine forest ( mountain dark brown forest soil ), dark coniferous forest ( mountain brown coniferous forest soil ) and ermans birch forest ( mountain soddy forest soil ) in changbai mountain in september 2001. the soil water content was adjusted to five different levels ( 9, 21, 30, 37 and 43 ) by adding certain amount of water into the soil cylinders, and the soil sample was incubated at 0, 5, 15, 25 and 35 for 24 h the results indicated that in broad - leaved / korean pine forest the soil respiration rate was positively correlated to soil temperature from 0 to 35. soil respiration rate increased with increase of soil water content within the limits of 21 to 37, while it decreased with soil water content when water content was over the range. the result suggested the interactive effects of temperature and water content on soil respiration. there were significant differences in soil respiration among the various forest types. the soil respiration rate was highest in broad - leaved / korean pine forest, middle in ermans birch forest and the lowest in dark coniferous forest. the optimal soil temperature and soil water content for soil respiration was 35 and 37 in broad - leaved / korean pine forest, 25 and 21 in dark coniferous forest, and 35 and 37 in ermans birch forest. because the forests of broad - leaved / korean pine, dark coniferous and ermans birch are distributed at different altitudes, the soil temperature had 4 - 5 variation in different forest types during the same period. thus, the soil respiration rates measured in brown pine mountain soil were lower than those in dark brown forest and those measured in mountain grass forest soil were higher than those in brown pine mountain soil
為了研究土壤溫度和土壤含水量對闊葉紅松林(山地暗棕壤) 、雲冷杉暗針葉林(山地棕針葉林土壤)和岳樺林(生草森林土)的土壤呼吸的影響,於2001年9月在長白山進行了土壤實驗.利用增加土壤樣柱的含水量,將土壤含水量分為9 , 、 21 、 30 、 37和43 5個等級,土壤樣品分別在0 、 5 、 15 、 25和35的溫度下保持24小時.闊葉紅松林土壤在0 ( 35范圍內,土壤呼吸速率與溫度呈正相關.在一定的含水量范圍內( 21 ( 37 ) ,土壤呼吸隨含水量的增加而升高,當含水量超出該范圍,土壤呼吸速率則隨含水量的變化而降低.土壤溫度和水分對土壤呼吸作用存在明顯的交互作用.不同森林類型土壤呼吸作用強弱存在顯著差異,大小順序為闊葉紅松林>岳樺林>雲冷杉暗針葉林.紅松闊葉林土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是土壤溫度35 ,含水量37 ;雲冷杉暗針葉林下的山地棕色針葉土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是25 , 21 ;岳樺林土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是35 ,含水量37 .但是,由於長白山闊葉紅松林,雲冷杉林和岳樺林處在不同的海拔帶上,同期不同森林類型土壤溫度各不相同,相差4 ~ 5 ,所以野外所測的同期的山地棕色針葉林土呼吸速率應低於暗棕色森林土呼吸速率,山地生草森林土呼吸速率應高於山地棕色針葉林土的呼吸速率.圖2表1參25In ported trials, wu gave the minimum tr of all plants, and its diurnal maximum tr persisted stability the most within the range of soil moisture 20. 4 % - 6. 4 %. ; nx lowered its tr and shrank its high - low lines after had experienced irregular wet - drought hardening period during culturing ; kerqin performed a plasticity as compared to field ; c. lanata also stood the most stability but on the basis of middle - high maximum tr level ; tr by caragana korshinski was high when soil water was abundant, but was lowest for lack of water ( 6. 4 % )
盆栽試驗表明,華北駝絨藜蒸騰最弱,且在土壤含水量20 . 4 6 . 4的范圍內最高蒸騰速率穩定性最強;經脅迫鍛煉寧夏駝絨藜蒸騰降低,變幅減小;科爾沁駝絨藜與大田相比蒸騰可塑性較強;土壤水分變化中,北美駝絨藜蒸騰在中高水平上維持穩定的能力最強;水分良好時檸條蒸騰很強,水分脅迫中蒸騰極大降低。Proceeding with the analysis of water resource peculiarity of jilin province, the authors bring forward that effective gathering and using of rainwater can supplement the gross amount of rainwater in valley, probe into rainwater resources use in jilin province : first is to make rainwater resources use plan in valley program, secondly is to construct gully dam system according to water and soil conservation project, to strengthen sloping field collection rain ' s project and forest - grass construction, to increase storage space, thirdly is to fully utilize field project and water conservancy project to gather rain water, intercept rainfall on the spot so as to restore water environment
摘要從吉林省水資源特點分析入手,提出了雨水資源的有效集蓄利用是補充流域水資源總量不足的重要因素,探討了在吉林省雨水資源主要利用途徑是首先在小流域規劃中作好雨水資源利用規劃;其次是建設以水土保持治溝骨幹工程為主的溝道壩系,強化坡面集雨工程和林草植被建設,增大貯水空間;第三是充分利用田間工程和水利工程集雨蓄水,使降雨就地就近被攔蓄,最終使水環境得以修復。Longgang nature reserve plays an important role in preserving two langur species of both white - headed langur and francois langur. interview and field survey methods were used to survey the distribution and population size of these two langurs in this natural reserve from december 2001 to january 2002. the result indicated that the reserve has 8 groups of white - headed langur with 68 individuals in longrui and 10 groups of francois langur with 75 individuals in longgang. the distribution area and population size of both of the two langurs in this reserve have greatly declined in the past decades. they are seriously threatened and have high risk of disappearance from this reserve if no effective measures are to be taken at once
為了確定弄崗自然保護區內白頭葉猴的種群數量,彌補黑葉猴種群數量的空白,掌握此保護區葉猴的生存現狀,採用訪問法和實地數量統計法相結合的方法對弄崗自然保護區的弄崗、隴瑞和弄呼3個部分進行深入的調查研究.調查結果表明,在隴瑞片范圍內,共有8群白頭葉猴,種群大小在68隻左右,和20世紀80年代末的244隻相比,數量下降相當驚人;在弄崗片內,共記錄到黑葉猴群10群,最大的種群為11隻個體,最小的種群是4隻個體,共計約有75隻黑葉猴(絕對數量統計) ;弄呼的黑葉猴種群已經于上個世紀的晚期消失.造成目前狀況的因素主要是過度狩獵和其他形式的過度干擾.弄崗自然保護區的葉猴種群數量已經接近可持續繁殖種群的最低水平,如不採取有效的保護措施,這個種群將很可能在短期內消失Adopting soft cable for hanging will reduce the effort made by coasting body ' s vertical vibration on the base of the washing machine to the maximum extent and lessen the interference of vertical vibration to gyroscopic effect of the coasting body to make it in balance and improve the vibration - avoiding capacity of the whole machine
採用軟索懸吊,可最大限度地減小慣性體垂直振動對洗衣機底座的影響,減少垂直振動對慣性體陀螺效應的干擾,使慣性體盡量保持水平擺動,提高整機的避振能力。Therefor whenever the flood was coming, it is very important that we were prepared to control flood at any moment and safeguard our lives and property and did our best to minimized the damage by some science means, the dss of controlling the flood this paper introduced ought to reflect flood disaster real - timely, list all feasible projects by referring to historic experiences and pre - making plans, find out the optimization of all projects by integrated evaluating for decision maker
因此,當洪水到來時,作好防洪準備,採取有效措施,隨時保護人民的生命財產的安全,盡量把損失降低到最低程度,意義十分重大。防洪決策支持系統的建立,必須能為決策者展現洪災實時的具體情況,參照歷史經驗和預先制定的防洪預案,列出適合當前洪水狀態的全部防洪方案可行集,利用綜合評價方法求出洪災損失最小的最優防洪方案。N sources ( including organic and inorganic n tested ) and c sources tested could restrain methane oxidation. cellulose inhibited methane oxidation most weakly while the high concentration of methanol and glucose did dramatically, but the proper concentration of methanol could stimulate soil methane oxidation sharply. in the middle process of methane oxidation, addition of glucose could restrain methane oxidation shortly but the inhibition could be relieved about 5 days later when supplied again with enough oxygen
土壤微生物是甲烷氧化的主要生物類群,含水量對土壤甲烷氧化活性有明顯影響,過高或過低對甲烷氧化均具有抑制作用;氮源(包括有機和無機氮源)對甲烷氧化均有抑制作用;不同碳源對甲烷氧化的影響各異,纖維素對甲烷氧化抑制作用最小,而高濃度的甲醇、葡萄糖則對甲烷氧化具有強烈抑制作用;而適當濃度的甲醇可極大促進土壤對甲烷的氧化:在甲烷氧化過程中加入葡萄糖能迅速抑制甲烷氧化;在加入葡萄糖的同時保持瓶中充足的氧氣,則這種抑制作用可以在重新培養一定時間后得到解除。The results of numerical experiments, using the four - dimensional variational data assimilation system of the nonhydrostatic mesoscale model mm5, show that : the tangent linear model and adjoint model conducted by keeping the " on - off " switches the same as the basic state, can provide a good approximation of the first - order information to the nlm perturbation and a good descent direction for the minimization procedure ; switching on and off at every other time step in the kuo cumulus parameterization scheme do n ' t impact the convergence rate of cost function ; the existence of the switches do n ' t impact improvement to the mm5 model rainfall prediction because that not only specific humidity, but also wind, temperature and pressure are assimilated into the model
非靜力中尺度數值模式mm5的四維變分資料同化系統進行的數值試驗結果表明: 「開關」變量保持與基態一致,所構造的切向線性模式能夠提供關于非線性模式擾動的一階近似,伴隨模式所計算的梯度值能夠為最小化過程提供較好的下降方向;郭氏降水參數化方案中對流每隔一個積分步的交替發生並不影響目標函數最小化的收斂速度; 「開關」變量的存在也不影響將風、溫度、氣壓和比濕結合起來同化對mm5降水預報準確性的提高。It was found that the soil physical properties had significant spatial variability in the catchment scale because of the joint - influences of land use, topography, physiognomy, and other factors. the spatial variation is small for field capacity, moderate for wilting moisture and bulk density, and great for saturated soil moisture
受地形地貌和土地利用等因素的綜合影響,土壤物理性質在流域尺度內存在顯著的空間變異,飽和含水量的空間變異性最大,土壤萎蔫濕度和土壤容重居中,田間持水量空間變異最小。The trees reach maximum yields at a relatively early age and maintain this level of production throughout their life span.
還在樹齡相當小的時候,就可達到最高產量,而且在整個生命周期的,都能保持這種產量水平。The fractal dimension of the mixed forests were lower than the pure forests and grassland, and the soil weight diameter of the mixed forests were higher than the pure forests and grassland, which indicated that the mixed forest had best soil structure property in stability infiltration and water - holding ; the soil total porosity and the soil noncapillary porosity were different greatly between forest types, but the soil capillary porosity had little differ
混交林分分形維數均低於單純林與荒草地,土壤重量平均直徑均高於單純林與荒草坡,說明混交林土壤結構穩定性最好,土壤通透性較好,具有較高的水土保持功能;不同林分類型之間,土壤總孔隙度與非毛管孔隙度差異較大,而毛管孔隙度的差別較小。This paper systematically analyzes the environmental effect of the ebinur lake area dynamic change and its influence on the railway along the lake, and the research establishes water balance equation of the ebinur lake, chooses the two characteristic phases, 1991 1992, 1998 1999, for computing, and concludes that since 1990s, water storage whether in low water period or in high water period is less than that of 1960s, whose lake area was 800km2, and this area basically can reach the target of optimal eco - environment benefit
本文系統地分析了艾比湖湖面動態變化的生態環境效應及其對沿湖鐵路線的影響。並通過艾比湖水量平衡方程式的建立,選擇1991 1992年(枯水時段) 、 1998 1999年(豐水時段)兩個特徵時段進行計算分析,得出20世紀90年代以來,不論是枯水時段儲水量,還是豐水時段儲水量,均小於20世紀60年代湖泊水面保持800km2所需水量,而此水面基本可以達到湖區生態環境效益最佳的目標。Comparing with other countries, the effect of government promotion of the wheat market in china are still far backward, especially its low level of the producer supporting, establishment of market system, and international trade policies, which have seriously ristricted the enhancement of chinese wheat competitiveness. finally, the policy implications for china to improve wheat international competitiveness are put forward as the following : 1 ) to enhance the construction of centralized region of wheat, which will help to extend the application area of excellent breeds, so as to overcome the problem of quality instability. additionally, the construction of centralized region will improve the organized level of producers and increase industries values
最後,在對上述問題進行國際比較研究的基礎上,我們提出提高中國小麥國際競爭力的對策建議如下:加強集中連片的優勢小麥產區建設,有利於優良品種大面積推廣種植和小麥統種統收,從而克服中國小麥質量不穩定的難題,優勢小麥帶建設也有利於提高生產者的組織化程度和產業鏈增值:加強政府對小麥生產經營的宏觀調控,在wto框架內加人小麥生產者支持水平、完善生產者支持結構、加快小麥市場體系建設等。The watts 994hmb fire hydrant backflow preventer meter meets or exceeds registration accuracy for the low flow rate, normal operating flow rate, and maximum continuous operation flow rate as specifically stated in awwa standard c701
美國瓦茨994hmb消防栓防迴流閥儀表滿足或優於美國自來水廠協會( awwa ) c701標準規定的最小流量、正常工作流量和最大持續工作流量的記錄精度。The correlation coefficients between soil moisture regime and soil n2o emission rate were positive in the lower soil moisture regime ( 8 to 58 percent wfps ), and soil n2o emission rate turned weaker and weaker when above the field moisture capacity ( 106 percent wfps ). the highest n2o emission rate occurred in the field moisture capacity. soil n2o emission rate was higher in 30 than in 10 in the lower soil moisture regime ( 8 to 58 percent wfps ), however, the trend was reverse when above the field moisture capacity ( 106 percent wfps )
5水分含量低時( 8 58 wfps ) ,土壤中n20釋放速率與土壤濕度呈正相關,並且隨著溫度升高釋放速率增大;土壤濕度接近田間持水量( 58 wfps )時,釋放速率最大;超過田間持水量( 106 wfps )時, n _ 2o釋放速率顯著降低,且30時的釋放速率小於10時的速率。This method utilizes an on - line algorithm based upon lssvm ( least square support vector machine ), which can build adaptive models to predict the cod values of unknown water samples quickly and accurately. in the modeling process, every training sample is also assigned a prior weight to take their significance to the final predictive model into account
該方法是一種基於最小二乘支持向量機的在線自適應加權演算法,這種演算法可以自適應地選取和未知水樣最相近的標準樣本進行建模,同時在建模中又利用加權的方法分別考慮了各個標準樣本重要性。Hourly water demand forecast model based on least squares support vector machine
基於最小二乘支持向量機的時用水量預測模型Hourly water demand forecast model based on bayesian least squares support vector machine
基於貝葉斯最小二乘支持向量機的時用水量預測模型Forecast of water inrush from coal floor based on least square support vector machine
基於最小二乘支持向量機的煤層底板突水量預測分享友人