最概然分佈 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zuìgàiránfēnbù]
最概然分佈 英文
most probable distribution
  • 最 : 副詞（表示某種屬性超過所有同類的人或事物） most; best; worst; first; very; least; above all; -est
  • 概 : Ⅰ名詞1 （大略） general outline 2 （神氣） manner of carrying and conducting oneself; deportment ...
  • 然 : Ⅰ形容詞（對; 不錯） right; correct Ⅱ代詞（如此; 這樣; 那樣） so; like that Ⅲ連詞[書面語] （然而）...
  • 分 : 分Ⅰ名詞1. （成分） component 2. （職責和權利的限度） what is within one's duty or rights Ⅱ同 「份」Ⅲ動詞[書面語] （料想） judge
  1. At first, the text is segmented to words and converted to a sequence of part - of - speech tags ; then based on the pos tags sequence parameters and phrase - break distance information from training, markov model is used to get the most likely phrase break sequence

    首先，文本進行分詞，並轉換為一列由詞性標記所組成的序列；然後使用馬爾可夫模型，利用人工標注數據庫訓練詞語連接處詞性標注序列的概率分佈和連接類型序列的距離信息，得到輸入的詞性標記序列對應的具有最大似然概率的連接類型序列，最後利用后處理規則進行適當的糾錯。
  2. Then, with the concept of accumulated failure probability, the proposed approach combines the least ? quares method with bayes " theorem, takes advantage of the parameter estimation for single weibull distribution to each derived subgroup data set, and estimates the parameters of each subpopulation. the estimates given by this paper also satisfy the maximum likelihood equation. the mean time to failure and the reliability estimation of the mixed population are given

    然後通過利用累積失效概率等概念，對每個導出的子組數據集聯合運用最小二乘法、貝葉斯定理和對單一威布爾分佈的參數估計法，從而得到每個子總體的滿足極大似然原理的參數估計，給出了該混合總體平均壽命和可靠度的估計。
  3. Most probable distribution

    最概然分佈
  4. This article deduces molecular beam ' s momentum distribution function, calculates mean momentum, root mean square momentum and furthorest possible momentum, and compares them with the characteristic physics quantities corresponding to molecular beam ' s speed distribution function one by one

    摘要本文首先推導出分子束的動量分佈函數，然後計算了平均動量、均方根動量和最概然動量，並與分子束的速率分佈函數相應的特徵物理量逐一比較。
  5. Monte carlo is a method that approximately solves mathematic or physical problems by statistical sampling theory. when comes to bayesian classification, it firstly gets the conditional probability distribution of the unlabelled classes based on the known prior probability. then, it uses some kind of sampler to get the stochastic data that satisfy the distribution as noted just before one by one

    蒙特卡羅是一種採用統計抽樣理論近似求解數學或物理問題的方法，它在用於解決貝葉斯分類時，首先根據已知的先驗概率獲得各個類標號未知類的條件概率分佈，然後利用某種抽樣器，分別得到滿足這些條件分佈的隨機數據，最後統計這些隨機數據，就可以得到各個類標號未知類的后驗概率分佈。
  6. The main conclusions are following : ( 1 ) compared with the conventional mlc, the method of iterative prior probability based on the vector map can dispel the prior probability ’ s influence and the overall accuracy and kappa index can be improved ; ( 2 ) to the types with greater area than average area of all types, the producer ’ s accuracy will be improved while user ’ s accuracy be lessened, but to the ones with smaller area, the situation is just the opposite

    本研究的主要結論是: （ 1 ）與傳統的最大似然法分類相比，利用地理數據矢量化得到的先驗概率進行迭代，可進一步消除先驗概率對最大似然分類法分類結果的影響，使分類總精度和kappa指數有進一步提高; （ 2 ）分佈面積大於平均值的類別，生產者精度一般會變高，使用者精度會變低;分佈面積小於平均值的類別，生產者精度一般會變低，使用者精度會變高。
  7. Abstract : biological invasions are a continuous feature of a non - equilibrium world, ever more so as a result of accidental and deliberate introductions by mankind. while many of these introductions are apparently harmless, others have significant consequences for organisms native to the invaded range, and entire communities may be affected. here we provide a survey of common models of range expansion, and outline the consequences these models have for patterns in genetic diversity and population structure. we describe how patterns of genetic diversity at a range of markers can be used to infer invasion routes, and to reveal the roles of selection and drift in shaping population genetic patterns that accompany range expansion. we summarise a growing range of population genetic techniques that allow large changes in population size ( bottlenecks and population expansions ) to be inferred over a range of timescales. finally, we illustrate some of the approaches described using data for a suite of invasions by oak gallwasps ( hymenoptera, cynipidae, cynipini ) in europe. we show that over timescales ranging from 500 10000 years, allele frequency data for polymorphic allozymes reveal ( a ) a consistent loss of genetic diversity along invasion routes, confirming the role of glacial refugia as centres of genetic diversity over these timescales, and ( b ) that populations in the invaded range are more subdivided genetically than those in the native range of each species. this spatial variation in population structure may be the result of variation in the patchiness of resources exploited by gallwasps, particularly host oak plants

    文摘:生物入侵是不均衡世界的一個永恆話題，尤其是當人類有意或無意地引入物種后.很多引入顯然是無害的，但另外一些則有著嚴重的後果，會給入侵地的生物以至於整個生物群落造成影響.本文總結了分佈區擴張的常見模式，概述了它們對遺傳多樣性和種群結構式樣所造成的影響.描述了如何根據以一批遺傳標記所得到的遺傳多樣性式樣來推斷入侵途徑，來揭示伴隨擴張選擇和漂變在形成種群遺傳樣式中的作用.本文對日益增多的群體遺傳學方法進行了總結，這些技術可以用來在不同的時間尺度上推斷種群規模所發生的巨大變化（瓶頸效應及種群擴張） .最後，我們以歐洲櫟癭蜂（膜翅目，癭蜂科，癭蜂族）一系列入侵的數據為例對一些方法進行了說明.從500 10000年的時間尺度上，多態的等位酶位點上等位基因頻率的數據表明: 1 ）遺傳多樣性沿入侵路線呈不斷下降的趨勢，支持了冰河期避難所作為遺傳多樣性中心的作用; 2 ）入侵地區的種群與該物種原產地的種群相比，遺傳上的分化更為強烈.這種種群結構在空間上的變異可能是被櫟癭蜂開發的資源尤其是櫟樹寄主在斑塊上出現變異的反映
  8. This paper presents a new face detection algorithm for color video images based on skin color and multimodal information fusion. first, this paper presents a new means for selecting skin samples ; and then comparing skin distribution in the eight color spaces and analyzing the adaptability for different skin patterns, poses a face initial orientation ' s method which uses the single gaussian model in the tsl color spaces, and calculates skin probability images ; afterwards comprehensive comparing three typical threshold value separating algorithms, put forwards a face separating method which bases on region growing and fuses multimodal informations ; final, raises a face confirming algorithm which fuses three shape features

    首先提出了?種新的膚色樣本選取方法；然後通過對八種色空間膚色分佈的比較以及不同膚色模型適應性的分析，提出了在tsl色空間上用單峰高斯模型模擬膚色分佈，求得膚色概率圖進行人臉初定位的方法；隨后在綜合比較三個典型閾值化分割演算法的基礎上，提出了融合多源信息進行區域生長分割人臉的演算法；最後提出了融合三個形狀特徵的人臉確認演算法。
  9. The method of sequential indicator stochastic simulation firstly make the geological information discretization code, normally two indicator variables of 0 and 1. then make the kriging theory act on the variables to get the kriging estimation of indicator variables, namely estimation of probability distribution of the variables in a unknown position

    序貫指示隨機模擬方法首先將地質信息進行離散編碼，通常編碼成0與1兩值的指示變量，然後將克里金的基本思想用於指示變量，最終得到指示變量的克里金估計，即未知位置變量的概率分佈的估計。
  10. During this paper, definition of the measure enter - cover - probability is given, andthree - dimension detection space are transformed to level detection circles on differentheights. aiming at the most normal situation of symmetric line, cross - to line and cross - awayline taken by the carrier, probablely - enter - cover - target - distribution are analysed in relativemovement method on the premise that targets fly perpendicular to the flying direction of thecarrier. mont - cario method is used to simulate uniformly - distributed - targets situation and getthe measure, and results are used to analyse the influence of line - landscape - orientation - ratio, line - portrait - ratio, and speed - ratio on the measure. for further research, influences of height and blind space are also discussed on base ofradar level detection range, and situations of non - uniformly - distributed targets are alsoresearched

    為了分析主動探測空間動態性能，本文首先提出以「目標進入雷達覆蓋區概率」 （簡稱為「覆蓋率」 ）作為評價指標;然後將三維探測空間轉換為不同高度層對應的水平探測圓，針對載機採用雙平行航線、交叉相向航線和交叉同向航線的最一般情形，採用相對運動的方法，分析目標垂直入侵時可能進入雷達覆蓋區的目標分佈情況;再運用蒙特卡洛法進行模擬計算，分析並比較目標服從均勻分佈時航線橫比、航線縱比及速度比對性能的影響。
  11. And use relative fitting error to measure statistical data non - uniform error ; then introduce the method systematically of using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to carry on the overall superior test of the government statistical data quality. includes the establishment of step level appraisal target system, target weight determination, calculates the factor weight in various levels, uniform test of judgment matrix, and built up the final fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of the government statistical data quality according to the above - mentioned standard ; finally selects the partial main social economy total quantity target from chinese statistics yearbook 2003 to carry on the real diagnosis analysis : ( 1 ) confirm these social economy total quantity targets using the description statistics and the k - s inspection method to obey the lognormal normal distribution. ( 2 ) according to the two levels of inspection methods which this article proposed to carry on accuracy and the overall superior test for these social economy total quantity targets

    本文首先從統計數據及質量的涵義出發，全面系統的介紹了統計數據質量的概念;其次，從研究統計數據的分佈規律入手，對統計數據準確性檢驗問題進行了探討，利用對數正態分佈檢驗對反映研究對象規模大小的統計數據的質量及異常數據進行定量檢查和識別，並利用相對擬合誤差計量統計數據的非一致性誤差;接著系統介紹了利用模糊綜合評價方法對政府統計數據質量進行整體優度檢驗的思路，具體包括建立遞階層次的評價指標體系，指標權重的確定，計算各層次中因素的權重，判斷矩陣的一致性檢驗，並根據上述標準建立了最終的政府統計數據質量模糊綜合評價模型;然後通過從2003年中國統計年鑒資料中選取部分主要的社會經濟總量指標進行實證分析: （ 1 ）利用描述統計和k - s檢驗法來驗證這些社會經濟總量指標服從對數正態分佈的規律; （ 2 ）按照本文提出的二級檢驗法來對這些社會經濟總量指標進行準確性和整體優度檢驗，從而達到綜合評價政府統計數據質量的目的;最後對這種二級檢驗法的優點和不足進行小結，提出今後應該努力改進的方向。
  12. The model combines simulation method and optimization method to regional water supply and utility system, analyzing long series water supply and demand system with the object of the annual maximum water supply, counting water shortage capacity and its distributing probability, describing water shortage risk with risk character indexes. 4. when the water shortage risk is calculated, the input and output macro - economic model of water resource is employed to evaluate economic losses due to water shortage

    該模型綜合模擬方法和優化方法的優點，在對區域供用水系統進行模擬的同時，採用年最大供水量為目標函數對水資源系統進行長系列的供需分析，然後統計區域水資源系統的缺水量及其概率分佈，同時用水資源系統的風險性能指標對水資源短缺風險進行描述。
  13. In this paper, we discussed the procedures of quantiles, maximum - likelihood, probability weighted moments, moments, least square, the best linear unbiased estimate, good linear unbiased estimation, and the best invariant estimate to the parameters of gumbel distribution, then give out the expectation and variance - covariance respectively. we compared the statistical behavior of these eight estimate procedures not only theoretically but also in the monte - carlo simulation

    本文利用分位數法、極大似然法、概率加權矩法、矩法、最小二乘法、最佳線性無偏估計法、簡單線性無偏估計法、最好線性同變估計法對gumbel分佈中的參數進行估計，分別給出了這八種估計量的期望、方差和協方差。
  14. Firstly, we directly use the motion vectors of macro - blocks defined in mpeg - i / ii compressing standards and filter the immobile macro - blocks. then, we build a skin color model in ycbcr color space using the convergent property of skin color, and we present the gaussian model skin recognition method and positive - negative look - up table method in details. and we analyze the texture of skin after wavelet transform and present a bayesian method based texture recognition method and a high texture filtering method

    根據皮膚的運動性，首先直接利用mpeg -中的壓縮標準中有關宏塊運動預測的方法，提取宏塊的運動矢量，將沒有運動的宏塊過濾掉；然後，利用皮膚顏色的聚合性，在ycbcr顏色空間建立了皮膚的顏色模型，並分別闡述了基於高斯分佈模型的皮膚檢測法和正反概率表方法；最後，通過對皮膚進行小波變換后的紋理進行統計后，發現有效的利用皮膚紋理特徵，可以比較有效的過濾掉那些具有類似於皮膚顏色的背景，分別闡述了基於貝葉斯方法的紋理檢測方法和高紋理過濾法。
  15. Moreover presents a step - to - optimization contract mode that can effectively estimate the cost of customer ' s participation in order to take a customer - specific incentive payment and maximize the benefit of utility by using the customer behaviors. meanwhile also discusses a model about the dynamic flow model with the consideration with interruptible load. on the other hand, this paper discusses the influence from the demand side generation for the electric power system and presents an advanced design model for distribution networks, especially for demand side generations

    本文首先總結了需求側管理的基本概念和主要內容，然後根據以前的研究成果，提出一種基於用戶行為的分步優化合約方案，能有效的估算用戶實施該措施的成本，從而達到電力公司收益最優，同時討論了考慮可中斷負荷的動態潮流模型；另一方面，本文還基於分佈發電技術，探討了用戶發電資源對電力系統的影響，並提出考慮該資源的配電網規劃模型改進方案。
  16. The first step is construct the gaussian model for skin color under ycbcr and get the likely region of face, then skin color segmentation is carry out with the method of dynamic threshold optimizing

    在ycbcr色彩空間中建立膚色分佈的高斯模型，得到膚色概率似然圖像，在最佳動態閾值選取演算法下完成膚色區域的分割。
  17. The pheromone - based parameterized probabilistic model for the aco algorithm is presented as the solution construction graph that the combinatorial optimization problem can be mapped on. based on the solution construction graph, the unified framework of the aco algorithm is presented. an iterative update procedure of the solutions distribution in the problem ' s probabilistic model is proposed, that will converge to the optimal solutions with probability one, then the minimum cross - entropy pheromone update rule is proposed to approximate the iterative update procedure by minimizing the cross - entropy distance and monte - carlo sampling

    基於解空間參數化概率分佈模型，首先提出了一個以概率1收斂于最優解的解空間概率分佈的迭代更新過程，然後提出了通過最小化不同分佈間的交互熵距離以及蒙特卡洛采樣來逼近此迭代過程的最小交互熵信息素更新規則，接著分別給出了弧模式以及結點模式信息素分佈模型下的最小交互熵等式。
  18. Based on the summary of previous evaluation methods, this paper points out the shortcomings of them, then draw the theory of artificial neural network into risk evaluation, through an example of some kind of investment project and the training and examination of a group investigation sample, it sets up the artificial neural network model. at last, this model is applied to the real case of an engineering project to evaluate its risk level and satisfactory result is made ; in the fifth chapter of this paper, the main risk factors that affect the economic appraisal of the engineering investment project are described through the form of relationship chart. then it is proved by way of deduction of formula that the risky influence that is brought by inflation must be considered in the engineering investment project

    本文在對以往評價方法進行歸納總結的基礎上，指出其中存在的不足之處，將人工神經網路理論引入到風險評價中，以某一類投資項目為例，通過對一組調查樣本的訓練和檢測，建立了工程投資項目風險評價的人工神經網路模型，並通過實例對模型進行了驗證，取得了滿意結果；在本文第五部分，對影響工程投資項目經濟評價的主要風險因素以關系圖的形式進行了描述，然後通過公式推導證明了在工程投資項目中應該考慮通貨膨脹帶來的風險影響，接著在分析以往建立的經濟評價凈現金流量表達式存在不足的基礎上提出了另外一種方式的表達式，即凈現值解析模型，對該模型的求解進行了詳細的說明，並分析了如何恰當的選擇各風險變量的概率分佈，最後在考慮投資者風險偏好的前提下，提出了工程投資項目新的風險度量模型。
  19. As the application of distributed computing is used much more widely ， distributed database becomes a significant part of information management it avoids a lot of disadvantages of conventional centralized database ， and is applicable to many situations distributed database is a set of data which is the unity logic ， but in fact these data is located on different sites it is of high availability ， easy expansibility ， high concurrency ， high efficiency and etc in distributed system ， data redundancy is a method to improve the speed of query and the availability of system distributed query should shield the lower level details of data redundancy from end users ， distributed transaction should ensure data from disaccord this paper introduces basic conceptions of distributed database firstly ， discusses distributed transaction and concurrent control ， describes the development prototype mysql ’ s characters ， architecture and executive mechanism ， then shows the skeleton model of dpsql and exposes the strategy and algorithm of distributed query and distributed transaction ， at last analyzes the extra expenses and response delay of distributed processes this paper exposes the implementation mechanism of distributed query and distributed transaction emphatically distributed query uses the strategy of “ read one ， write a11 ” s0 in such a system if user ’ s requests are read - - only for the most part and the distribution of data redundancy is plausible ， efficiency is very high distributed transaction uses two - 。 phase commit protocol to ensure the consistency of global data ， which has less communication overhead

    分散式查詢需要向用戶屏蔽數據冗餘分散的底層細節，分散式事務處理要保證全局數據完整，這都是傳統集中式數據庫不曾面臨的問題。本文首先介紹了分散式數據庫的概念性問題；接著討論了分散式事務涉及的定義及演算法；然後描述了dpsql的原型mysql的特性、結構和執行機制；繼而給出了dpsql的梗概模型，闡述了實現分散式查詢和分散式事務處理的策略及演算法；最後分析了進行分散式處理給系統增加的額外開銷和客戶端的額外響應延遲。本文重點描述了分散式查詢和分散式事務處理的實現機制，分散式查詢採用」讀一個寫全部」的本地優先策略，在讀操作頻繁的系統中，只要庫的分佈合理，單機效率極高，幾乎無任何附加開銷和延遲，而以整個系統的角度看來，吞吐量就更是優于單機系統；分散式事務處理採用兩階段提交協議，通信次數較少並能確實保證副本一致。
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