有偏統計量 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yǒupiāntǒngjìliáng]
有偏統計量 英文
biased statistics
  • 有 : 有副詞[書面語] （表示整數之外再加零數）: 30 有 5 thirty-five; 10 有 5年 fifteen years
  • 偏 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （不正; 歪斜） inclined to one side; slanting; leaning 2 （只側重一面） partial; prejudi...
  • 統 : Ⅰ名詞1 （事物間連續的關系） interconnected system 2 （衣服等的筒狀部分） any tube shaped part of ...
  • 計 : Ⅰ動詞1 （計算） count; compute; calculate; number 2 （設想; 打算） plan; plot Ⅱ名詞1 （測量或計算...
  • 量 : 量動1. （度量） measure 2. （估量） estimate; size up
  • 計量 : calculate; estimate; meterage; metering; batching; measure
  1. In view of bearing capacity of the elastoplastic theory analysis, the author made a comparison between the achieved bearing capacity limit load pi / 4 of round base ( space problem ) and the limit load pi / 4 of bar groundwork foundation design ( plane problem ) from soil mechanics at home and abroad as well as foundation criterion, and explained why the value of formula in present design criterion from soil mechanics is inclined to be conservative. in the light of the author ' s many years experience of vibration test on the spot and the research work of relevant projects, the author worked over the dynamic pile testing of the bearing capacity of foundation and batholith, and gathered the parameter of dynamic analysis and testing. the author also talked over the difficult point of pile foundation design criteria in present batholith engineering world, i. e. the confirmation of batholith bearing capacity of pile end, from the following aspects : a ) confirmation of single axis counter - pressure strength of rock in house ; b ) f. e. m calculation of elastoplastic model ; c ) calculation of soil mechanics ; d ) deep well load test

    然後，對巖土工程領域至今尚未解決，甚至不為人注意的考慮地基變形的地基承載力問題進行了實用化的探討，提出了考慮地基變形的地基承載力上程計算方法；對基於彈塑性理論分析的地基承載力國內尚未見報道的空間問題得到了圓形基礎（空間問題）的承載力界限荷載p _ （ 1 / 4 ） ，並與國內外土力學專著及地基基礎設計規范中的條形基礎（平面問題）的界限荷載p _ （ 1 / 4 ） ，進行了對比，從而定量上解釋了目前設計規范引用土力學承載力公式值偏於保守的這一情況；根據本文作者多年從事現場地基工程振動試驗及相關課題的研究工作，本文以截頭錐模型模擬地基，對地基（巖基）承載力的動測法進行了研究，為各類地基（包括巖基） ，匯總了動力分析和檢測川的參數：針對日前巖土工程界應用樁基設計規范中的難點? ?樁端巖基承載力的確定問題，從巖石室內單軸抗壓強度確定、基於彈塑性模型的有限單元法計算、土力學計算及深斤載荷試驗四方面進行了深入討論；本文作者根據多年現場載荷試驗的工程實踐，對深井荷試驗裝置的核心部分? ?反力裝置，設計了側壁支撐反力加載系統，該加載系統具有實用、簡便、穩定及安個等優點。
  2. In this thesis, the traditional windage analytical method that comparing the actual cost with the planning cost can not control the implementary course of project, an effective project management and control technique which is very popular in nowadays is used for reference - - earned value method basing on performance analyzing, the main aim is to use the earned value exponential to analyze the fluctuant complexion of the time limit and cost for a project, and all the influences made by the fluctuant complexion, and the developing trend of the time limit and cost for a project

    本文提出了傳統的用實際發生成本與計劃成本進行比較，來衡量項目進展情況的偏差分析法不能全面地監控項目實施過程，借鑒了在目前項目管理實踐當中被普遍採用的一種有效的項目管理和控制技術：基於績效分析的掙值法，其根本目的是要使用該掙值指數分析項目工期和項目成本各自出現的變動情況、這些變動所造成的相互影響、項目工期與項目成本的未來發展趨勢。
  3. Based on historic radiosonde data of changchun city, jilin province and xian city. shanxi province and on the typical model of profiles of cloud liquid water content for stratiformis, the coefficients of retrieval equation are obtained as the functions of height for each month from april to july in the two cities. furthermore, we explore the internal physics signification of retrieval coefficients ' distributing according to every month and have comparisons between the two cities. then the numerical simulation tests of the accuracy of retrieval results are given : the statistical relative deviation of retrieved values of l to the simulated " trues " on the ground is 15 - 25 % and that at altitude of 6km is 5 - 10 %, that means the retrieval method and implementation of the method are applicable to processing measurements of an airborne radiometer made in china recently

    本文介紹機載對空微波輻射計探測雲中路徑積分液態水含量（ l ）的輻射傳輸原理和反演方法；根據吉林省長春市和陜西省西安市的歷史探空資料和典型的層狀雲液水垂直分佈模式，得到這兩個地區4 - 7月各月的隨高度而變的反演公式及其系數的表達式；探索了和反演系數有關系的大氣的影響，並在各個月份之間進行了比較分析；給出了反演誤差的數值模擬檢驗結果：在地面反演值對『真值』的統計相對偏差是15 - 25 ，在6公里高度處為5 - 10 ，表明該方法已具有實用可接受的精度。
  4. Compared with the classical bp algorithm, robust adaptive bp algorithm possesses some advantages as following : ( 1 ) increasing the accuracy of the network training by means of using both the relative and absolute residual to adjust the weight values ; ( 2 ) improve the robustness and the network convergence rate through combining with the robust statistic technique by way of judging the values of the samples " relative residual to establish the energy function so that can suppress the effect on network training because of the samples with high noise disturbances ; ( 3 ) prevent entrapping into the local minima area and obtain the global optimal result owing to setting the learning rate to be the function of the errors and the error gradients when network is trained. the learning rate of the weights update change with the error values of the network adaptively so that can easily get rid of the disadvantage of the classical bp algorithm that is liable to entrap into the local minima areas

    與基本bp演算法相比，本文提出的魯棒自適應bp演算法具有以下優點： （ 1 ）與魯棒統計技術相結合，通過訓練樣本相對偏差的大小，確定不同訓練樣本對能量函數的貢獻，來抑制含高噪聲干擾樣本對網路訓練的不良影響，從而增強訓練的魯棒性，提高網路訓練的收斂速度； （ 2 ）採用相對偏差和絕對偏差兩種偏差形式對權值進行調整，提高了網路的訓練精度； （ 3 ）在採用梯度下降演算法對權值進行調整的基礎上，通過將學習速率設為訓練誤差及誤差梯度的特殊函數，使學習速率依賴于網路訓練時誤差瞬時的變化而自適應的改變，從而可以克服基本bp演算法容易陷入局部極小區域的弊端，使訓練過程能夠很快的「跳出」局部極小區域而達到全局最優。
  5. Tricepstrum equalization algorithm ( btea ) and super - exponential ( se ) algorithm based on block data estimation is studied, and these algorithms use hos explicitly. their performance, such as estimation variance and bias, is analyzed. a kind of sparse cross cumulant and sparse equalizer is proposed to simplify the se algorithm, and the simulating results show efficient reduction in complication

    ?研究了幾種直接使用高階統計量的演算法，包括基於數據段估計的倒三譜演算法和超指數演算法，分析了演算法的估計方差和偏差等性能；由於超指數演算法計算量較大，不利於實時均衡，利用水聲通道的稀疏性，提出了一種基於稀疏互四階累積量和稀疏權的演算法，有效降低了超指數演算法的計算量。
  6. However, it lacks runoff data in absolutely most areas where culvert and small bridge locate. some traditional design method, such as the methods of statistic zone parameter, modification by catchment area, rainfall - runoff, reasoning formula and empiric equation et al, are used to estimate flood flow through culvert or bridge

    然而，絕大多數中小橋涵所在地卻沒有可利用的徑流資料，通常採用統計分區法，面積改正法、暴雨徑流法、推理公式和經驗公式等傳統設計方法，這些方法一般比較繁瑣、精度較低、設計的流量偏大，導致工程造價偏高而浪費資金。
  7. Through the calculating example results and the comparisons with other calculating theories, it is proved that the calculating formulas of the combined geometry curve theory is valid, practical and accurate. it can be used in the calculation of line shape at the preliminary design, and can meet the engineering need. ( 3 ) this thesis researches systemically on the calculating theory of the suspension bridge ’ s cable system, including calculating design line shape and internal force, erection line shape of cable and pre - displacement of saddle without loads, the fixed position for erecting cable and amendatory method of cable ’ s unstressed length

    通過算例驗證了混合線形理論公式的實用性和正確性，並且與其它計算理論的結果比較，證明公式有足夠的精度，可用做初步設計中主纜線形的計算，能夠滿足工程的需要; （ 3 ）對自錨式懸索橋主纜系統計算理論進行了系統研究，包括成橋線形和內力計算、空纜線形和內力計算、鞍座預偏量計算、索夾安裝位置計算和索鞍處主纜無應力長度修正方法。
  8. Comparing with non - bnyain methods, it ' s prominent featares lay in that it combines the prior and posterior information, which avoids the disadvantag of subjective bias caused by simply using the prior information only, of blind search caused by the incomplete sample information, of noise affection caused by simply using the sample information only if we choice a suitable priof, we can conduct the bayesian leaming effectively, so it fits the problems of data mining and machine leaming that possess charaters of probability and statistics, especially when the samples are rare

    與非貝葉揚方法相比，貝葉斯方法的特出特點是其學習機制可以綜合先驗信息和后驗信息，既可避免只使用先驗信息可能帶來的主觀偏見，和缺乏樣本信息時的大量盲目搜索與計算，也可避免只使用樣本信息帶來的噪音的影響只要合理地確定先驗，就可以進行有效的學習。因此，適用於具有概率統計特徵的數據採掘和機器學習（或發現）問題，尤其是樣本難得的問題
  9. It has shown by the uncertainty of the data of fatigue experimentation and the size deviation of machine accessory and structure component and the original defect of materials that all of the stress and intensity and the factors that affect them are stochastic variables, so we should deal with the problem of fatigue by the method of probability and statistics to making the engineering life deduced by fatigue intensity to be the reliable life under a certain probability

    疲勞試驗數據的離散性，零件和構件加工允許的尺寸偏差，材料中分佈的原始缺陷，以及受載零件危險部位應力響應的分佈特性等，都說明應力和強度以及影響它們的因素都是隨機變量，它們有各自的分佈形式，應該用概率統計理論和方法來處理，才能使疲勞強度在工程中所確定的壽命，成為保證某一概率下的可靠壽命。
  10. Dimensions of perceived risk mean embodiment of perceived risk. individual difference of perceived risk means that consumer with different demographic character, purchase experience, product knowledge, involvement and risk attitude, the perceived risk ' s difference. consumer preference of risk reducing method mean consumer with different demographic character and risk attitude, tht method they take to reduce risk is different

    其中，感知風險的構面組成是指消費者感知到的風險主要體現在哪些方面;感知風險的個體差異性是指具有不同特徵的消費者（人口統計變量、購買經驗、產品知識、捲入程度、風險態度不同）所感知到的風險的差異;消費者對于減少風險策略的偏好主要研究不同的消費者（人口統計變量、風險態度不同）所採取的減少風險方法的差異、以及對于風險減少策略的共同偏好。
  11. Reason no. 1 : we may prefer to report the usual ols standard errors and test statistics unless there is evidence of heteroskedasticity

    理由1 ：除非有證據顯示異方差存在，我們仍會偏好於常規ols的標準差及檢驗統計量。
  12. After contrasting and analyzing the two common used measure method of discontinuity, a modified method that is elaborate method of joint surveying is put forward for the first time. rational method to get spacing of joints is researched utilizing lots of statistical results. according to the theory of minimal valid length of scanline, 5m is chose as appropriate statistical section length to obtain the successive values of those indices indicating rock mass structure, they are spacing, number and total length of joint

    本文在對比分析目前兩種常用的結構面測量方法優缺點基礎上，首次提出了一種改進的結構面測量方法?節理詳細精測法，並利用大量的統計結果，研究合理的間距取值方法，根據間距無偏差測量的最小有效測線長度理論，選擇5m作為統計區間長度，獲得了節理間距、條數、總長度隨洞深的連續變化值。
  13. In order to get this, some useful explorations on how to analysis and solve the problem of the ill - conditioning have been made and several biased estimators have been put forward. in fact, analyzing the essence, overcoming the effect of ill - conditioning and obtaining more accurate and stable parameters estimator is an new task in gps surveying data processing, which have been determined as an important studying field in contemporary surveying error theory and engineering data processing by the international association of geodesy ( iag )

    事實上，分析測量平差系統病態性的實質、克服或減弱測量平差系統病態性的影響、採用有偏估計等方法提高參數估計和平差成果的精度，是當前gps等重大測量工程數據處理中所面臨的一個重要課題，它已被國際大地測量協會（ iag ）確立為現代測量誤差理論及數據處理研究中的一項重要內容。
  14. In order to reduce the effect of biased decision statistics inherent to parallel cancellation, a low - complexity modification to parallel interference cancellation called partial parallel interference cancellation is derived, which significantly improves performance

    為了降低并行干擾相消判決量內在統計有偏性的影響，對并行干擾相消演算法進行改進，引出一種復雜度低的部分并行干擾相消演算法，此演算法能夠使系統性能得到明顯提高。
  15. According to the requirements to pd pattern auto - recognition, this paper studies systematically the basic theories and realizable methods for auto - recognition of pd gray intensity image : ( 1 ) in the requirement of on - line pd monitoring for transformer, several discharge models are designed and the relevant experiment methods projected. with discharge model tests, a lot of discharge sample data is acquired. on the base of systematical research on recognition for pd gray intensity image, this paper puts forward two kinds of fractal features, the 2nd generalized dimensions of original pd images and fractal dimensions of high gray intensity pd images, and then the relevant extraction methods

    針對局部放電模式自動識別的需要，作者系統地研究了局部放電灰度圖像自動識別中的基本理論和實現方法： （ 1 ）根據變壓器局部放電在線監測的要求，設計了放電模型和實驗方法，並通過模型實驗獲得了大量放電樣本數據，為構造局部放電灰度圖像和採用bpnn進行識別作好準備； （ 2 ）研究了局部放電灰度圖像的構造方法以及降維構造32 32灰度和矩陣的方法；在用人工神經網路對局部放電進行模式識別時，分析了bp網路的優缺點，對典型bp網路的結構和學習訓練演算法提出了改進，採用帶有偏差單元的遞歸神經網路作為模式分類器；採用32 32灰度和矩陣進行bpnn識別結果表明這種方法是有效的。
  16. First, the standard errors computed under the assumptionthat the error term is independent identical distribution will be biased. second, theassumption of independence is unlikely to satisfied. in the panel data analysis modelwith hierarchical structure, hierarchical effects, nested effects, time effects are seted. then the dissertation deduced parameter estimation and hypothesis test statistic andits probability distribution and analyze the hierarchical panel data set : eastern china, central china and western china are the top level, and the prc ’ s province, cities, and autonomous regions are bottom level

    然後針對目前面板數據分析過程中存在的兩方面問題，即一方面在利用面板數據模型進行分析時，標準誤差的計算是基於誤差項相互獨立並且同分佈的假設，如果誤差項是相關的將會造成估計有偏的後果;另一方面關于獨立性這一假設本身就難以滿足;提出多層嵌套面板數據模型，設定了層效應、嵌套效應以及時間效應參數，研究了多層嵌套模型的參數估計量和假設檢驗統計量及其分佈。
  17. At first, based on the 272 station monthly precipitation in china, the paper described the heterogeneous of the spatial distribution precipitation by use of the curve of lorenz and the coefficient of g. the results show that the heterogeneous of the spatial monthly precipitation in summer is stronger than in winter. based on this describing, the probability distributions function of the spatial distributions are fitted by use of the gamma distribution model, and this general principle is examined. the results show that the gamma distribution is good on describing the heterogeneous of the spatial distribution precipitation in china

    並以分佈擬合中國區域月降水量的空間概率分佈，擬合效果優良，表明描述中國區域月降水量水平空間分佈非均勻性的普適分佈律以分佈的pdf最為適宜；以1 、 4 、 7 、 10月具有代表性的資料為例分析了各季月降水量空間分佈型的主要特徵及其形成原因，並從一個側面表明我國月降水量空間分佈的偏態性正是我國降水氣候的最顯著統計特徵之一，這也與我國大陸性季風氣候特點密切相關；並且月降水量的基尼系數和分佈模式形狀參數值都是夏季大於冬季，說明月降水量的空間分佈非均勻性夏季比冬季弱。
  18. This algorithm improves confidence in se by estimating parameters and states at the same time. simulation results on test power systems which range in size from 4 to 118 buses, have shown the virtues as follows : getting unbiased estimation without detecting and identifying bad data in measurements ; solving state and parameter estimation for power system with good convergence and excellent robust property ; increasing the numbers of iterations a little bit with the test systems expanded ; estimating many transformer taps simultaneously and remaining the main state estimation ; keeping the estimated relative error within + 0. 1 % and processing efficiently equality constraints and ill condition with polynomial complexity

    對ieee ? 4 118節點系統和廣西主網進行的模擬結果表明： l1范數估計具有不良數據拒絕特性，當量測量中存在不良數據時，該演算法在不經檢測和辨識不良數據情況下仍是無偏估計，具有良好收斂性，所需迭代次數隨著問題規模擴大而增長極小；能夠同時估計多個變壓器抽頭，並保持狀態估計主體；在滿足可觀測性條件下，估計的相對誤差保證在0 . 1以內；能夠有效處理等式約束和病態條件，並具有多項式時間性。
  19. We raised a new model that we disassemble the character into several parts, which could be recognized by computer topologically based on the high - frequency wavelet coefficients vector, disregarding the traditional extraction method that used the statistical or structural feature based on the individual pixel in the 2 - dim plane of character. moreover, the concept of multi - dim cognizing feature model was put forward by encoding the character, according to its " location and run - length information. the information confusion and redundancy could be largely eliminated, as leaded to the improving of the preciseness when recognizing the character

    克服以往結構、統計方法在字元特徵提取中無法剔除噪聲、偏移等冗餘信息的不足，以認知的新思路分析圖像，給出基於小波子圖的筆劃定義，給出一種注重反映字元部分最為重要的筆劃的類型、數量、遊程、位置特徵，改進了基於字元二維圖像的統計與結構特徵提取方法因變形，畸變造成信息混淆和冗餘；給出了提取多屬性字元認知特徵的方法和識別機制，實驗表明，該方法能有效的識別字元； 3
  20. Unfortunately, we have to get the address exactly right, down to the byte, or the program will crash. coming up with the right address using the trial and error approach may take a while. to make things easier, we can insert lots of null operations in front of the shell code

    但是，問題的大部分是因為數據很可能有統計偏差，因此大量精力花在了使用七個密碼散列和一個相當慢（但非常好）的偽隨機數發生器來消除此類問題上。
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