有效出力 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [yǒuxiàochūlì]
有效出力
英文
effective output-
From analyzing the change of effective stress in the process of one - direction to two - direction load, it is founded that the evanescing process of pore water pressure proposed in the paper shows a better agreement to fact
從對單向荷載作用時地基的有效應力變化過程分析入手，引伸到對雙向荷載作用時地基的有效應力變化過程分析，提出與實際情況更為符合的孔隙水壓力消散過程。The author analyzes the change rules of fuel consumption and the mass of the main exhaust emission pollutants ( nox, pm, co, hc and carbon ) with the operating parameters ( speed and load ), points out that nox and pm are the primary exhaust emission pollutants which affect the turbocharge - intercooled diesel engine to reach the requires of emission regulations, and map the figure of compositive exhaust emission characteristic
分析了有效燃油消耗率及各主要排放污染物（ nox 、 pm 、 co 、 hc 、碳煙）的排放量隨運轉參數（轉速n與平均有效壓力p _ （ me ） ）的變化規律。指出nox與pm是影響增壓中冷柴油機排放達標的主要排放污染物，並繪制了排放綜合特性圖。這為該類型柴油機的性能分析提供了參考。To adapt the circumstance in which the crankshaft torsional vibration generally exists, the new method ( tvrs method ) in which the cylinder power is inversely solved according to the torsional vibration curve is put forward and deduced in this paper, that is, the average effective pressure of each cylinder i. e. power condition of each cylinder is estimated based on a crankshaft torsional vibration curve according to the elasticity model of the actual shafting of engine and by use of the i. c. engine dynamics, the numerical calculations and the signal theory etc. although the computing workload is more, the method makes full use of the now available data of the torsional vibration of the i. c. engine, and can be used to all kinds of i. c. engine on any kind of operating condition, so it has higher application value
為適應內燃機普遍存在曲軸扭振的情況，本文提出並推導了利用扭振信號反算的新方法（ tvrs法） ，即採用軸系中某一測點的扭轉振動信號，按軸系實際的彈性模型，依據內燃機動力學、數值計算方法和信號理論等，反算各缸的平均有效壓力，定量判斷各缸的作功狀況。此法充分利用內燃機現有的扭振資料，雖然計算工作量較大，但普遍適用於各種類型各種工況的內燃機，有較高的實用價值。With an analysis of soil liquefaction potential for free field of nanjing metro line 1 under 7 degree earthquake, as well as for excavated field, in line with railway engineering anti - earthquake design specification, dynamic triaxial tests and theoretical analysis using efficient stress method, the author comes to the conclusion that, when metro plate is located at layer s and the layer is thick, liquefied area is at metro bottom plate ; in some local section liquefied area is at metro top plate, or arch sides at the top of metro in most places
摘要採用鐵路工程抗震設計規范、動三軸試驗及有效應力的理論分析相結合的方法，對南京地鐵南北線（ 1號線）區間隧道開挖后其地基土在7度地震情況下的土層液化情況進行分析得出：當隧道底板坐落在5層且5層較厚時的液化區出現在隧道襯砌底板處；局部地段液化區出現在隧道頂部及拱腰；大部分地段的液化區出現在隧道頂板上方。Abstract : in this paper, the efficient stress method is used as main means, while the railway engineering anti - earthquake design specification and the dynamic triaxial test are used as additional means. the authors analyze the ground layer liquefaction of shield tunnelling built on powder soil or fine sand, whose top plate is buried under two kinds of depth, and conclude that the liquefaction area is different with different buried depth. finally, the rational buried depth is proposed
文摘:以有效應力原理的有限元計算分析為主、鐵路工程抗震設計規范及室內動三軸實驗為輔，對修建在粉土或粉細砂層中的盾構隧道進行了兩種不同埋深情況下的液化分析，得出了埋深不同液化區出現區域不同的結論，並提出隧道抗液化的合理埋深。This paper, in the light of the special geological environment and actual project situation of the three gorges reservoir area, puts forward a comprehensive analysis and evaluation system suitable for the stability analysis of the bank landslide of the three gorges reservoir area under the premise of thorough consideration of the water influence on the stability of the bank landslide, and obtains the following achievements in several aspects that have the practical application significance and certain scientific research value : ( 1 ) it is discovered that the water activity is the primary factor of the formation of the new landslide and the revival of the ancient landslide. on the one hand, the rising underwater level reduces the actual stress of landslide ; on the other hand, the long time soaking of the underwater reduces the mechanics intensity of the landslide and the slide belt, both of which reduce directly the landslide stability ; ( 2 ) in view of the special condition of the three gorges reservoir area, this paper analyzes systematically the forces acted on the landslide of the three gorges reservoir area and the force varieties acted on the divided landslide when the water level changes between 175 meters and 145 meters. thus it is more scientific and comprehensive for the analysis of the forces acted on the landslide ; ( 3 ) this paper summaries systematically 10 kinds of typical computation projects by organic combinations of different kinds of situations in the dry season ( nature statue ), rainy season ( rainstorm or rains for a long time condition ), with 175m water level in the reservoir, during the earthquake, with the water level of the reservoir adjusted from 175m to 145m and so on, and produces
本文針對長江三峽庫區特殊的地質環境與工程實際情況，在充分考慮水對庫岸滑體穩定性影響的前提下，提出了一個適用於長江三峽庫岸滑坡體穩定性分析的綜合分析評價體系，並取得了如下幾個方面具有工程實際意義和一定科學研究價值的研究成果： （ 1 ）研究結果發現，水的活動是新滑坡形成或古滑坡復活的主要因素，一方面是由於地下水位升高降低了滑坡體的有效應力，另一方面是由於地下水的長期浸泡降低滑體及滑帶的力學強度，這兩方面的因素均將直接降低滑坡的穩定性； （ 2 ）針對三峽庫區的特殊條件，系統分析了作用於三峽庫區滑坡體上的力系和庫水位在175m與145m間變化時滑體條塊的受力變化，從而使對作用於滑坡體上的力系分析更科學、更全面； （ 3 ）通過對滑體處于旱季（天然狀態） 、雨季（暴雨或長期降雨狀態） 、 175m庫水位、地震以及庫水位由175m調節下降至145m等各種不同情況的有機組合，本文系統地歸納總結出了10種典型計算工況，並具體給出了相應的作用荷載的計算方法，使在庫區岸坡滑體穩定性分析評價時對計算工況選擇及其作用荷載的計算更具規范性； （ 4 ）具體運用c + + builder開發了關于滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價系統，使對滑坡體穩定性分析計算更方便、更準確； （ 5 ）將上述滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價系統應用於重慶市豐都縣名山滑坡穩定性分析的具體事例中，分析結果表明，本文所提出滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價方法對三峽庫區的滑坡穩定性分析是實用可行的。And four constitutive models are established, which are hyperbolic model, half - logarithm model, exponential model and poisson model. combined with the analysis of the change of effective stress, the iteration formulations of settlement calculation are provided
同時建立了雙曲線模型、半對數模型、指數模型及泊松曲線模型四種本構模型，並結合有效應力過程分析給出了實用的沉降過程線的反演迭代公式。Subsequently, a constitutive including damage value for the frozen soil was set up, and the evolution equations for saturation and unsaturated frozen soil were given out based on the damage distinguish
建立了凍土單軸壓縮的損傷型本構表達式，給出了凍土單軸壓縮下的損傷演化方程，並進行了有效應力的計算。In the paper, static and dynamic triaxial tests were conducted on fiy ash at shanmenxia longgou ash dam, and the static and dynamic parameters of fly ash were obtained. thirdly the 2 dimensions static analysis of the ash dam was conducted based on biot ' s consolidation theory and duncan ' s nonlinear stress - strain model. finally the plane dynamic behaviors of the ash dam during earthquake of intensity 7 were analyzed based on the exponent function model of excess pore water pressure aroused by earthquake, which is put forward in the paper, and equivalent visco - elastic dynamic fem model and principle of effective stress
本文結合實際工程，對三門峽火電廠龍溝灰壩的築壩粉煤灰進行了靜、動三軸試驗，確定了該壩粉煤灰的靜動力學指標；然後根據比奧（ biot ）固結有效應力原理，採用鄧肯（ duncan ）非線性應力應變模型，對該灰壩的二維靜力應力和變形狀態進行了分析；最後利用本文提出的地震超靜孔壓指數函數模型，採用等價粘彈性動力有限元方法，對該灰壩在地震作用下的動力穩定性進行了分析評述。And objectivity principle is also introduced into the effective stress theory, which takes the form of three kinds of derivatives
文中又將客觀性原理引入到有效應力原理中，推導出物質導數， jaumann導數和truesdell導數三種形式的有效應力原理。In consideration of the characteristics of big pressure changes in near wellbore area of low permeability reservoirs, based on experimental result, a single well percolation mathematical model that the reservoir physical property changed with effective stress was established, equations were given for calculating the elastics and elastoplastic reservoirs under the condition of oil and water flow and an analytical equation was also given for calculating the reservoir production and bottom - hole flowing pressure
摘要針對低滲油藏近井地帶壓力變化幅度大的特點，以試驗結果為基礎，建立了考慮儲居物性隨地層有效應力變化的單井滲流數學模型，給出了油水兩相流動下的彈性和彈塑性儲層的數值解計算公式，以及彈性儲層的產量和井底流壓解析表達式。The mostly content in this paper include the law of the influence upon the effective stress coefficient worked by the holes configuration which comprise the holes rate and the hole distributing, and the law of the influence upon the effective stress coefficient worked by the cracks configuration in rock which comprise the amount of cracks and the cracks distributing. by numerical value experiment, the variety laws of the effective stress coefficient worked by the cracks distributing, by the fractal dimension and the initial value have been work out. by referring to the formerly physical experiment datum and conclusion, the thesis has studied the influence upon the effective stress coefficient worked by the outside pressure and the liquid press inside rock and sum - up the variety law of the effective stress coefficient with the outside pressure and the liquid press
本文的主要內容包括：巖體孔隙裂隙結構對有效應力系數的影響規律，即：一是孔隙率大小及分佈形態對有效應力系數的影響規律，二是裂隙的條數和分佈形態對有效應力系數的影響規律，並得出了裂隙的分形參數，即：分形維數和裂隙初值的變化對有效應力系數的影響的相關規律，同時也搞清了裂隙分佈形態對有效應力系數的影響規律；參照已有的物理試驗結果，分別研究了巖石所受的圍壓和孔隙流體壓力的變化對有效應力系數造成的影響，從細觀的角度揭示了有效應力系數隨二者的變化規律。Then, combined with the mechanism of vacuum preloading and based on the layer method, settlement calculation of vacuum preloading was analyzed. the study shows that the vacuum degree under membrane equivalent load method does not accord with the mechanism of vacuum preloading. based on the layer method, vacuum degree difference method and effective stress method are presented. the results show that the final settlement calculated by the vacuum degree difference method is more close to the observation results
然後，結合真空預壓的機理，基於分層總和法的思想，對真空預壓沉降計算方法進行研究：指出用現有的膜下真空度等效荷載法進行沉降計算不符合真空預壓機理；提出了符合真空預壓機理的真空度差值法與有效應力法，前者所推算的最終沉降量較接近實測推算結果，後者與實際結果存在一定差距。The collisions create an effective drag force that is similar to what you feel when you stick your hand out a car window : as the car goes faster the drag force increases, and as the car slows down it decreases
碰撞會產生有效阻力，就像開車時將手伸出車窗的感受：阻力隨車速增加而變大，車速減慢即變小。Through the numerical calculation for improved soil layers, there is an economical and reasonable improved zone whose depth is a constant but whose width is decided by the controlling residual deformation of subway structure. and a empirical formula for the subway residual deformation is given which can consider the improvement depth and width
通過對加固后的地基進行多次有效應力模擬，發現南京市地鐵地基合理的加固深度基本上保持不變，而合理的加固寬度則可由控制震后殘余變形來決定，並給出了計算加固后的地鐵隧道震后殘余位移經驗公式。After the simple analyses with the single phased media theory, a more detailed analyses has been done, based on two phased media theory, on rayleigh wave propagation in saturated soil. the new results show that rayleigh wave will really cause larger shear stress and pore pressure than s wave in shallow layers and thus easily induce sand liquefaction
進一步，基於兩相介質理論的有效應力法，研究了rayleigh波在飽水介質中的傳播情況，給出了rayleigh方程，分析了飽水介質中產生的應力，並同單相介質模型的結果做了對比，證實了rayleigh波較s波可產生較大的剪應力和法向應力梯度，從而導致液化的論斷。Which arouses think in the change of effective stress during uninstalling loads. as the problem is concerned, two - direction load, which differences from the usual load process, is presented
針對這一問題，本文對目前研究較少的卸載後有效應力的變化規律做了思考，提出相對於一般加載方式的雙向荷載作用（加載?卸荷）的概念。Depending on the numerical model proposed, the effect of accelerations of soil skeleton and porous fluid on the dynamic response of elastic seabed is examined. it is possible that the amplitudes of effective stresses in large - thickness seabed to high - frequency waves would be underestimated in some regions if the accelerations were overlooked. the responses of layered seabed, seabed with gentle slope and the seabed unde
根據所提出的廣義blot固結理論計算模型，通過線性數值分析考察了加速度項對海床動力響應的影響范圍及影響程度，指出對于高頻波浪下的大厚度彈性海床，忽略加速度項可能低估某些范圍內的有效應力幅值，而傳統的加速度作用判別準則並不總是成立的。In addition, the comparisons of displacements, velocities, solid effective stresses and pressure, obtained respectively by nonlinear model and linear model, display that the differences of the results become more obvious as the increase of the applied load, which demonstrates that the non - linear dependence of permeability on volume strain of solid phase is important as the deformation is not too small, and therefore cannot be ignored
此外，將本論文給出的非線性計算模型得到的位移、速度、固體有效應力和壓力等與視滲透率為常數的線性模型的結果比較表明，載荷越大，兩種模型的計算結果差異越大。而當載荷很小時，兩模型的響應相差很小。說明在變形較大時，滲透率與固體相體積應變的依賴性不容忽視。Based on the biot ' s effective stress theory, and with the method of numerical value experiment, the thesis has studied the microcosmic mechanism of affecting the effective stress coefficient, i. e the microcosmic mechanism of effective stress law by using the elasticity distortion ' s simulating software which is compiled with the method of finite elements. it has been done from the two aspects of affecting the elasticity distortion of rock comprising the insides causation which is the existing configuration of hole and cranny in rock and the outsides causation include the outside pressure and the liquid pressure inside the rock
本文基於比奧的有效應力原理，利用有限單元法的彈性變形模擬軟體，通過數值實驗的方法，從影響巖石變形的內、外兩方面的因素?即內在孔隙裂隙賦存形態和其所受的外載荷及孔隙流體壓力出發，研究了影響有效應力系數變化的細觀機理，即有效應力規律的細觀機理。分享友人