有效育種量 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yǒuxiàoyùzhǒngliáng]
有效育種量 英文
effective breeding size
  • 有 : 有副詞[書面語] （表示整數之外再加零數）: 30 有 5 thirty-five; 10 有 5年 fifteen years
  • 效 : Ⅰ名詞（效果; 功用） effect; efficiency; result Ⅱ動詞1 （仿效） imitate; follow the example of 2 ...
  • 育 : 育動詞1. （生育） give birth to 2. （養活; 培育） rear; raise; bring up 3. （教育） educate
  • 種 : 種名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 量 : 量動1. （度量） measure 2. （估量） estimate; size up
  • 有效 : effective; valid; efficacious
  • 育種 : breeding
  1. Studies on genes related to embryo and endosperm development are leading us to an extensive understanding of the mechanisms of seed development and apomixis at the molecular level, which will benefits the research for yield and quality improvement of plant seeds via genetic engineering

    對胚和胚乳發育相關基因的研究，可使人們在分子水平上解析種子發育和無融合生殖的分子機制，更有效地開展植物種子產量和品質改良的基因工程。
  2. The calcium products, a variety of elements nitrogen, which is necessary for some nutrients seedling growth can induce root growth seedling vigor, flower, bao lei, 4. 2 peach, rapid calcium, nitrogen and other trace elements that can prevent root blight, fusarium wilt, leaf, blight of rot. weak seedling bud abortion, a potent rotten peach can enhance seedling drought and frost - proof, anti premature senility, anti - std calciprivia plant capacity promotion developed root seedlings seedlings healthy and steady early, squaring focus block chu high boll early, rapid expansion of peach, peach increased weight gain., 1999 chang, the color white lint high, up to 25 to 35 % yield

    本產品含鈣、氮多種元素，是棉苗生長所必需有的養份，能促使棉苗根部生長旺盛，保花、保蕾、膨桃，能快速補鈣、氮等微量元素，可預防根枯病、枯萎病、小葉病、立枯病，對爛根、弱苗、花蕾敗育，爛桃有特效，能提高棉苗抗旱、防凍、抗早衰、抗植物缺鈣性病能力，促進根系發達、苗壯苗健、穩長早發、現蕾集中、座鈴率高、成鈴早、膨桃快、桃增大增重、吐絮暢、色澤白、衣分高，增產可達25 - 35 % 。
  3. For increasing yield per plant, relation of effective ear numbers and ear length should be coordinated ; the direct and indirect effect or relative importance of various characters to grain yield should be made clear for providing scientific evidences to choose and compose parents of two - row hulled malting barley

    為了提高單株產量應注意協調好有效穗數與穗長這一對主要矛盾；明確各性狀對籽粒產量所起的直接和間接作用及其相對重要性，確定主攻方向，配製各種優勢組合，為大麥親本選配提供科學依據，從而達到二棱型啤酒大麥預期的育種目標。
  4. Twenty f1 combinations crossed among 5 varieties and strains different in fiber properties according to complete diallel crossing design were used to evaluate the heterosis and gene action of boll weight and lint percentage in high quality fiber property varieties in upland cotton in 1998 1999 for two year successively at nanjing. it was indicated that there existed small interactions with the environmental factors without maternal effects and the additive gene effect was in chief, attaining to 51. 2 % and 65. 4 % respectively for boll weight and lint percentage. the dominant effect was also in higher rate, 32. 6 % and 16. 8 % respectively. the population mean heterosis of boll weight and lint percentage over the mid - parental mean were relatively prominent 13. 3 % and 3. 5 % respectively in extreme significance. however, boll weight showed no significantly surpassing parental f1 heterosis over the better parent based on population mean ( 2. 0 % ) ; while the lint percentage expressed significant negative heterosis value ( - 2. 1 % ). the gene actions were in conformity with the heterosis expression. it was shown clearly that the f1 combinations crossed between parents with similar performances had relatively high dominant effects and significant positive f1 surpassing parental heterosis ( f1 heterosis over the better parent ) ; while no f1 combination crossed between the parents with prominent mutual difference surpassed the higher parent in yield components, which indicated that among those parents with less difference and close relationships, there still existed sufficient genetic variation or certain mechanism for creating variation and achieving greater advances in breeding. correlation analyses also indicated that there still existed severely undesirable negative correlation between yield and fiber properties as well as the difficulties for their simultaneous improvements

    利用5個具有不同纖維品質性狀的品種（系）配製完全雙列雜交組合20個，通過親本和f1的2年隨機區組試驗發現產量性狀的鈴重和衣分與環境的互作效應小，不存在母體效應，並以加性遺傳效應為主，分別占表型方差的51 . 2 %和65 . 4 % ;顯性遺傳效應所佔的比率也較高，分別為32 . 6 %和16 . 8 % .鈴重和衣分的群體平均優勢較大，分別為13 . 3 %和3 . 5 % ，達到了極顯著;鈴重的超親優勢為2 . 0 % ，不顯著;衣分為顯著的負值（ - 2 . 1 % ） .遺傳分析與雜種優勢結果一致.具體表現在產量性狀上，親本相當配製的組合雜合顯性較高，其超親優勢正向顯著，而極值親本（差異較大）所配組合沒有超過高親的.這表明親本差異小、親源關系較近的親本中仍然存在足夠的遺傳變異或某種機制以創造變異使育種取得更大的進展.相關分析表明了仍然存在嚴重的品質與產量的負相關，遺傳改良的難度較大
  5. The results indicated that opposite maize had widespread heterosis like alternative maize ; yield advantage of opposite f1 ( alternative alternative ) was better than that of f1 ( opposite opposite ) and f1 ( alternative opposite or reverse ) ; general combining ability of yield characters was decreased by opposite characters transfer maize, but alternative maize with opposite genes has high general combining ability, so that on the opposite maize breeding, alternative inbred lines with different opposite genes can be parents for breeding hybrid lines ( alternative alternative ) and hybrid varieties with more seeds and high yield can be obtained

    結果表明：對生玉米同互生玉米一樣具有普遍的雜種優勢，在產量性狀上f1對生株優勢互互組合大於對對組合和對互（互對）組合；對生性狀的轉育對產量性狀的一般配合力有降低效應，而含有對生基因的互生玉米具有較高的一般配合力效應，因此，在對生玉米育種中可以利用含有不同對生基因的互生自交系作親本來組配雜交組合（互互） ，從而獲得較高的制種產量和高產的對生雜交種。
  6. The loss results from those factors, which are divided into three groups : the first one, drought, agriculture proportion and education index, is positively related with the loss of technical efficiency. the second, arable land per capita, weight of irrigation area and weight of new maize breed, is negatively related with it, and the last, water disaster and planting area of maize, is irrelated with that

    在影響玉米產出的各個因素中，旱災、農業比重、教育指數和效率損失呈正相關，人均耕地面積、灌溉、新品種應用和效率損失呈負相關而與技術效率正相關，水災、玉米種植比重兩個變量沒有表現出和效率損失有明顯的相關性。
  7. The social demand for education, especially the demand for high - quality education, has been growing tremendously with the improvement of public literacy and numerous changes to elementary education. the gap between the education demand and our limited investments in education is getting more and more serious. given the global trend of pursuing sustainable development, it is not appropriate any more to continue the extensive development model of low - quality, low standard and low performance education

    隨著我國文化水準的提高和基礎教育階段的種種變革，社會對教育的需求（特別是質量需求的迅速增長）同我國有限的教育資源投入之間產生了日益尖銳的矛盾，繼續實施過去的低質量、低標準、低效益的粗放型的教育發展方式已不符合當今世界可持續發展的潮流精神。
  8. Tetraploid black locust is a variety has been bred in south korea, the leaves of which are 3 times larger than those of diploid varieties and contain 1. 4 times more protein. and it has no prickles on its surface. it can be used not only as pioneer species in environmental beautifying and ecological restoration, also as fodder, bee forage, timber production, and so on

    四倍體刺槐是韓國培育出的刺槐新品種，屬無刺類型，其葉片大小為普通二倍體刺槐的4倍，蛋白質含量為1 . 4倍多，不但可以作為先鋒樹種廣泛應用於環境美化和生態建設中，還可作為飼料、蜜源和木材等不僅具有較好的生態效益，同時還具有很高的經濟價值。
  9. The results indicated that as the intensity of sward cleavage increased, elymus nutans and other plants that had high requirements in soil aeration and resource space presented an increased competitive edge and the species that had low requirements in soil aeration and resource space presented an opposite picture ; low - intensity sward cleavage could help increase species diversity to a certain extent, but the diversity index appeared to decline as a whole as the cleavage intensity increased ; the effects of sward cleavage on functional groups of the vegetations showed in such manner as e. nutans - represented grasses increased in their composition with the intensity of sward cleavage raised, and sedges and forbs decreased in their compositions with the intensity of sward cleavage raised ; sward cleavage showed a significant improving effect on primary productivity of the meadows and was capable of increasing the proportion of quality - grass biomass to the total plant biomass ; sward cleavage could be independently employed as an effective measure to rehabilitate and improve alpine - meadow grasslands and thus played a basic and key role in the technical combination aiming at establishing hay fields characterized by e. nutans

    結果表明：垂穗披堿草等對土壤通透性和資源空間要求較高的物種，競爭力隨劃破強度的增加而上升，而對土壤通透性和資源空間要求相對較低的物種則相反；輕度劃破干擾對提高物種豐富度具有一定的促進作用，但多樣性指數則總體上表現為隨劃破強度的增加而呈下降的趨勢；劃破干擾對植被功能群的影響表現為以垂穗披堿草為代表的禾草類組分隨干擾強度的增加而顯著上升，莎草類和雜類草組分隨干擾強度的增加而顯著下降；劃破干擾對草地初級生產力的提升具有顯著的促進作用，且可顯著增加植物總量中優質牧草的比重；劃破干擾可獨立作為高寒草甸類草地恢復與改良的有效措施，在定向培育垂穗披堿草型割草場的技術組合中具有核心和基礎性的地位。
  10. In order to set up a fair competitive environment of market and uphold the order of market economy, the government regards the anti - smuggling activity as an important aspect involving in the macro - adjust of economy. therefore, in 1998 the state council resolved a new anti - smuggling system which using law, economy, administration and education to attack smuggle offence. under the new anti - smuggling system, the smuggling activity is declined now

    為了建立一個公平競爭的市場環境，規范市場經濟秩序，我國將打擊走私作為當前國家對經濟進行宏觀調控的一個重要內容，並在1998年確立了「聯合緝私、統一處理、綜合治理」的緝私新體制，動用社會綜合力量，利用法律、經濟、行政、教育等多種手段，實行整體作戰，有效地打擊了走私犯罪活動，遏止了我國走私的猖獗勢頭。
  11. Validation study of forensic science was carried out using forensic samples such as hair, nail and badly degrade bone. the method has also been used in case work to validate the practicability. maga2 software was employed to analyze the genetic distance between samples and construct the phylogenentic tree

    用毛發、指甲、微量血痕及各種陳舊骨骼樣本對所建立的方法進行法醫學有效性測試，並用實際案例驗證其實用性；應用所建立方法對漢族、黎族、維吾爾族、瑤族、藏族無關個體樣本共446份進行序列分析，調查不同民族mtdna多態性；應用mega2軟體對所得各民族數據做進化距離分析，並構建各民族內部和民族間的系統發育樹，探討各民族間的遺傳關系。
  12. In original and jamming slightly vegetation, because dead roots, branch and leaves back to soil, soil organic matter higher, soil available phosphorus higher, too ; chemical and physical characters of soil were stabilization. the reason were original vegetation have more species and structure of community was stable. the degradation of fertility and structure of soil in secondary vegetation was influenced by change with structure and form of community

    在人為干擾小的原生性森林，植物種類豐富，群落結構穩定，植物死根系和枯枝落葉全部回歸土壤，土壤有機質含量高，養分呈有機態為多，故有效磷較高，土壤理化性質較穩定；次生植被群落土壤結構和肥力的退化是由於群落組成和結構的改變導致枯枝落葉成分和土壤發規白山地還小問沙消民俗一非定俗地征王卿喬忡旺w比收財育環境差異而引起，次生植被土壤的退化狀態隨植被退化程度不同而有差異。
  13. In this article, the highly - efficient plant vectors with bivalent genes have been constructed by combining the gene of vhb with bt gene and cfmcryla - cpti gene respectively, studying the influence over the plants metabolic level and growth. we manage to reach the goal of increasing the yield of transgenic plants and cultivate new plant varities with pest - resistance by applying transgenic approaches, and eventually in the hope of cultivating new varities of crops with hoth highly - steady - yield and pest - resistance

    本文嘗試將透明顫菌血紅蛋白（ vhb ）基因優化、人工合成並且分別和gfmcryia （ bt ）基因、融合殺蟲基因（ bt - cpti ）構建成雙價基因植物高效表達載體，導入煙草，研究該基因對植物代謝水平和植物生長的影響，嘗試通過基因工程育種技術增加轉基因作物產量的同時，雙可使其具有抗蟲性，以期望培育出高產、穩產又具有抗蟲效果的新品種。
  14. Because whether the obligation subjects undertake their obligation or not will affect the healthy development of the compulsory education system, in order to make sure every children in suitable age will receive high - quality compulsory education ? the basic right stipulated by constitution, we must establish some basic principles to supervise the obligation subjects to fulfill their duty. it ’ s suitable and of great necessity to set “ the greatest obligation in country principle ” 、 “ non - discrimination principle ” and “ children benefit maximization principle ” as the basic principles

    因為義務主體能否切實履行自身義務，與義務教育能否健康發展正相關，所以，為有效的督促義務主體履行義務，使每個適齡兒童能夠享受到並且高質量的享受到義務教育? ?這種憲法所規定的基本權利，我們有必要為義務教育確立一些基本原則，以督導義務主體履行好自身義務。
  15. Shiphandling simulator is a device that can partly imitate the true environment at sea ， and is specially designed to satisfy marine education and trains and maritime research etc. one of its key techniques is to create the virtual environment at sea ， and the terrain is its important component. according to the needs of the real time visual display of the shiphandling simulator ， this paper analyses the requirements of the geometry precision of the important islands and background hills which are within the ships ' visible scope ， and brings forward the modeling methods of the hill ' s pileup and the hill ' s silhouette edges based on contour lines. it also presents the definition of error that the hill ' s silhouette edges graph has been given and the effective scope of application ， and firstly established the error criterion of terrain model that is built in shiphandling simulator. with these two kinds of method ， the size of data storage can be minimized greatly ， and the requirements of high update rate and geometry precision for the real time visual display of the shiphandling simulator can be satisfied

    船舶操縱模擬器是一種能夠部分模仿海上真實情況，專門為滿足航海教育與培訓、航海技術研究等目的而設計研製的裝置，其核心技術之一是海上視景模擬，而地形地貌是海上視景中的重要組成部分.根據船舶操縱模擬器實時視景顯示的需要，在分析航行船舶對可視范圍內重要島嶼與背景山脈的幾何精度要求的基礎上，提出了基於等高線的山形堆積建模和山形輪廓建模方法，並給出了山形輪廓圖形的誤差定義、有效適用范圍，以及船舶操縱模擬器中地形建模的誤差準則，該方法生成圖形的數據量較小，其圖形更新速率與幾何精度能達到船舶操縱模擬器實時視景顯示的要求
  16. And to include school - based teacher education into the current university - based teacher education is also essential in ensuring the high quality of prospective secondary teachers ; furthermore, it can, to a certain degree, counteract many negative factors in rural english teacher education such as the financial deficiency and the personnel shortage, etc. another efficient step is to encourage competent city english teachers to volunteer for rural elt on a short - term basis

    而且，為確保高質量的未來中學英語教師，把校本教育納入當前主要在大學進行的教師教育體系也是必要的。況且這種模式還可在一定程度上抵消農村英語教師教育中的許多消極因素，比如經費不足，人員缺乏等。另一有效的措施是鼓勵有能力的城市英語教師作為志願者去農村短期支教。
  17. To study and evaluate the quality of instructional communication effects and the instructional media, the dtas - sppri offers a better supporting circumstance, an effective evaluation way and a useful method for researchers

    Dtas - sppri系統為研究者提供了一種有效的從心理、生理層面開展教育教學傳播效果、教學媒體質量研究和評價工作的支撐環境、測量手段和分析方法。
  18. Research results show that teacher expectancy is a kind of great educational powers, whose active effects can also play an important part in physical education teaching

    研究表明，教師期望是一種巨大的教育力量，它所產生的積極效應在體育教學中同樣具有重要意義。
  19. After explaining the both at hone and abroad relevant results of study, the whole paper. taking the approaches of sample statistics, comparison study, and many other approaches of prediction, has carried on the deep discussion on how to establish the relationship between quantity aid quality in the development of higher education, how to establish the scientific view of higher education in quality, how to construct the rational structure of higher education, and how to raise the efficiency in school management of higher educatin and realize that the scale, quality, structure, effectiveness of higher education develop harmoniously and allsidedly

    本文就湖北省高等教育大眾化的規模、結構、質量和效益問題進行了全面系統的分析。全文採取了抽樣統計法、比較研究法、以及多種預測的研究方法，對國內外有關的研究結果進行闡述后，對如何確立高等教育發展中數量與質量的關系、如何確立科學的高等教育質量觀、如何構建合理的高等教育結構、以及如何提高高等教育辦學效益，實現高等教育規模、質量、結構、效益全面協調發展等問題，進行了深入的探討。
  20. Selection for typical trait of each group such as lysine, serine, alanine and aspartate contents may increase the efficiency of improving protein components in maize quality breeding program

    對各類中的典型性狀如賴氨酸、絲氨酸、丙氨酸和天冬氨酸含量的選擇，可能會有效地提高玉米品質育種中蛋白質構成的改良效率。
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