They are jinfo mountain in nanchuan county ( natural protection section ), wuling mountain in qianjiang county ( national emphases forest demonstration county which forest cover rate is beyond 50 % ) and zhongliang mountain in beibei county ( artificial destruction is very grave ). some main land use patterns i. e. woodland, garden, infield, abandon infield, shrub and grassplot are selected in those three sample sites. four aspects on soil fertility index of karst environment under different land use patterns in these three sample sites, are revealed in this paper, by using the field test, indoor measure and analysis, outdoor experiment and field investigation, and the knowledge and technique of soil, ecology, physics and chemistry etc. they are physical characteristic ( effective soil thickness, organic layer thickness, soil texture, water - stable aggregate and soil water etc. ), chemical fertility ( organism, omni - n, omni - p, omni - k, alkali - nitrogen, available p, available k and rapid available k etc. ), soil animalcule ( bacteria, fungi, actinomyces and their grosses ) and soil - seed - pool ( plant community diversity index ) in karst ecosystem
本研究以重慶市的南川金佛山（自然保護
區） 、黔江武陵山（國家重點退耕還林示範縣，森林覆蓋率50以上）和北碚中梁山（遭人為破壞嚴重）典型巖溶
區為對象，選擇了幾種重要的利用方式，包括林地、果園、耕地、
棄耕地和灌草坡，採用野外巖溶生態調查和室內試驗測量分析相結合的方法，以不同
土地利用方式巖溶
土壤肥力為重點，對不同
土地利用方式
土壤肥力特徵進行量化分析，找出巖溶
土壤肥力差異的主要方面及其根本原因，論文主要從
土壤剖面物理退化指標（有效
土層厚度、有機質層厚度、質地、團聚體、水分含量等） ，化學肥力退化指標（有機質、全n 、全p 、全k 、堿解n 、速效p和速效k等） ，樣地
土壤微生物指標（細菌、真菌、放線菌數量及總量）以及樣地
土壤種子庫植物群落多樣性等4個方面對重慶典型巖溶
區的
土壤肥力特徵進行了較為詳細的分析研究，為巖溶地
區士壤資源的合理利用及結構的調控管理提供依據。
This paper analyses the main geo - ecological environment problems in light of neotectonics, ground subsidence, landslide, collapse, debris flow, groundwater environment evolution, change of land resources, cumulate castoff, etc. in the shenfudongsheng mining district, discusses its influence on the ecological environment
本文通過新構造運動、地面塌陷、水
土流失、滑坡、崩塌、泥石流、水環境的演化、
土地資源的變化、堆放的廢
棄物等方面系統的分析了神府東勝礦
區存在的主要的地質生態環境問題，並探討了它產生的生態環境效應。
As an inducement the city is enticing landholders to surrender their claims on their rural plots in exchange for prized urban residency permits that offer not only legal residence in a city, but also access to social services and benefits unavailable in rural areas
作為引誘的手段，這個城市不僅通過農轉非誘使地主們放
棄自己農村
土地的權益，還包括不對農村
區域開放的納入社保等。
Following the dredger will be a barge where all the dredged mud will be placed and taken off - site for disposal at a designated confined marine disposal area east of sha chau
屆時將有運
土船跟隨挖
土機之後，收集所有挖掘出來的泥
土，並送到沙洲以東的指定卸泥
區棄置。
Furthermore, on the basis of consultancies, inquiries and evaluations from multiple sources, the model for predicting soil and water loss in dandong - zhuanghe highway construction is developed. moreover, considering the characteristics of the highway, the covering area of the project is divided into three parts such as main body area, soil - fetching area and soil - spoiling area. for these three preventive areas, the perfect precaution measures for preventing and curing the soil and water loss during the road construction in which a number of vegetal cover measures are taken
論文中詳細調查並介紹了項目情況及沿線自然、社會經濟狀況；收集研究了公路建設項目水
土流失預測的基本內容和方法，在多方查詢、請教專家及分析研究的基礎上，提出了丹莊高速公路水
土流失預測模型，針對項目不同
區域進行了水
土流失預測和分析，為水
土保持措施的設計提供了定量依據；論文根據高速公路項目的特點，將丹東至莊河高速公路項目
區分成了主體工程、取
土場、
棄土場三個水
土流失防治
區，並在初步設計文件的基礎上，針對三個水
土流失防治
區進行了較為完善的水
土保持防治措施設計；論文在丹東至莊河高速公路水
土保持方案設計中大量採用了植被防護措施，為了更有力地指導植被措施的施工，論文中還就植被保持水
土的有效性進行了研究探討。
The region of flow produce is loose embankment and the flat roof, the gully erosion chain is the main cause of the sediment yield increase
棄土場內主要的產流
區域為鬆散邊坡和平臺，坡面的侵蝕鏈是造成
區域內產沙量增加的主要原因。
Soil fertility and heavy metal contamination in abandoned regions of different mine tailings in yunnan province
雲南不同礦
區廢
棄地
土壤肥力與重金屬污染評價
The fresh soil and water loss caused in the road construction often appears at the roadbed, rock slope and the place for the discarded soils and gravel, which will do harm to the rivers, reservoirs and the crop fields and pollute the surrounding environment
道路建設產生的新的水
土流失主要發生在挖方、填方路基、邊坡、
棄土（石）場以及施工過程中的亂挖、亂堆、亂倒，它主要危害建設
區內的河流、水庫、農田和村莊，污染周圍環境。
The main aim of system harness of man - made debris flow is to make potential debris flow not broken out and present debris flow decreased
控制固體物質補給是關鍵，合理設計規劃
棄土石渣的排放場地是重點，搞好匯水
區水
土保持系統工程是基礎，調整溝床比降，減少水流動能，使泥石流暴發減少到最低程度。
The mission of the conservation and production research laboratory is to 1 ) develop improved water management methods and irrigation technology for sustaining or enhancing crop productivity, improving water use efficiency, reducing ground water use, and enhancing water and soil quality ; 2 ) develop management practices that optimize the use of water, soil, climatic, and nutrient resources for economically and environmentally sustainable crop and livestock production systems under dryland and limited - irrigation conditions ; 3 ) develop systems for utilizing renewable energy sources ( wind, solar, and biofuels ) for pumping irrigation, livestock, and farmstead water and generating electric power ; 4 ) develop regimens that reduce environmental risks posed by accumulations of feedlot wastes by reducing the phosphorus content, improving nutrient utilization, and applying manure to grasslands
描述:美國農業部保持與生產研究實驗室的主要任務是： 1 .開發水資源管理方案或灌溉技術，提高用水效率，減少地下水使用，改善
土壤和水質； 2 .使水資源、
土壤資源、氣候和養分資源達到最優化，以保證在乾旱和灌溉條件有限的地
區種植業和畜牧業能可持續發展； 3 .開發可再生能源用於灌溉、畜牧飼養和發電； 4 .通過減少磷成分，降低飼養場廢
棄物的環境風險，將其施用於牧草地，提高養分利用率。
She has shot up to womanhood in the slums and on the pavements of paris, and tall, handsome and as superbly grown as a dunghill plant, she avenges the beggars and outcasts of whom she is the ultimate product
她出生在郊
區，在巴黎街頭長大，她個兒高大，花容月貌，肌膚細嫩，猶如一棵生長在糞
土上的植物。她出自乞丐和被拋
棄的人的階層，她要為他們報仇。
The runoff and sediment yield is affected by the process of rainfall and the function of water and soil conservation measurement
棄土場
區域內產流受到降雨特徵和水保措施功能發揮的影響。
Abstract : because the shenfu - dongsheng mine area is located in intermediate of arid and semiarid zone, its ecological environment is very fragile. based on the fragileeco - environmental, the coal mining and construction have brought out some new environmental problems. man - made debris flow problems is the most serious of them which caused by coal mining, construction of railway and highway as wellas exploiting stone. through a great deal of experiments of artificial simulation setting water rushing to two types of slope debris flow and debris flow gully in shenfu - dongsheng mine site, the characteristics is favourable to formation of debris flow ; ( 2 ) the waste gangue is easy to initiate and is main solid material of debris flow in this area ; ( 3 ) the whole debris flow process could be observed through the model simulation experiment of debris flow gully. at present, this experiment method is the best way to analyze debris flow genesis and process
文摘:神府東勝礦
區位於黃
土高原北部乾旱半乾旱過度地帶，由於煤田的大量開采，誘發了大量的環境問題，尤以人為泥石流最為嚴重.本文以神府-東勝礦
區人為泥石流為研究對象，採用人工放水沖刷模擬實驗的方法，分析了坡面型和溝谷型泥石流源地鬆散體起動、產沙、泥石流過程的特性，所得結論為: （ 1 ）放水歷時長、強度大，有利於泥石流的形成; （ 2 ）
棄土石渣易起動，是該
區泥石流固體物質的主體; （ 3 ）溝道型泥石流放水沖刷模擬實驗，便於觀測泥石流的全過程，坡面型泥石流放水沖刷模擬實驗，利於統計產沙、觀測侵蝕形態
Because the shenfu - dongsheng mine area is located in intermediate of arid and semiarid zone, its ecological environment is very fragile. based on the fragileeco - environmental, the coal mining and construction have brought out some new environmental problems. man - made debris flow problems is the most serious of them which caused by coal mining, construction of railway and highway as wellas exploiting stone. through a great deal of experiments of artificial simulation setting water rushing to two types of slope debris flow and debris flow gully in shenfu - dongsheng mine site, the characteristics is favourable to formation of debris flow ; ( 2 ) the waste gangue is easy to initiate and is main solid material of debris flow in this area ; ( 3 ) the whole debris flow process could be observed through the model simulation experiment of debris flow gully. at present, this experiment method is the best way to analyze debris flow genesis and process
神府東勝礦
區位於黃
土高原北部乾旱半乾旱過度地帶，由於煤田的大量開采，誘發了大量的環境問題，尤以人為泥石流最為嚴重.本文以神府-東勝礦
區人為泥石流為研究對象，採用人工放水沖刷模擬實驗的方法，分析了坡面型和溝谷型泥石流源地鬆散體起動、產沙、泥石流過程的特性，所得結論為: （ 1 ）放水歷時長、強度大，有利於泥石流的形成; （ 2 ）
棄土石渣易起動，是該
區泥石流固體物質的主體; （ 3 ）溝道型泥石流放水沖刷模擬實驗，便於觀測泥石流的全過程，坡面型泥石流放水沖刷模擬實驗，利於統計產沙、觀測侵蝕形態
The characteristic of top soil will changed by splash erosion and surface erosion, accordingly to alert the route of runoff and seepage and work to unconsistenty of soil erosion
棄土場坡面地表
土壤特性隨著降雨擊濺和徑流沖刷的作用而發生變化，從而影響
區域內徑流和滲流途經，造成坡面產流的不一致性。
Evaluation method and its application to the potentiality of wasteland reclamation of china ' s abandoned mining areas
礦
區廢
棄土地復墾潛力評價方法與應用實例
The authors work out the re - use plan of the abandoned land resource of the mining area, which is integrated by afforestation of the branch path and the key scenic site, land reclamation and ecologic restoration of dump site of mining area, the high - quality production of nursery stock, forage grass, traditional chinese medicine and the green production, and the industry tourism and the eco - tourism
摘要設計了集「礦
區主幹道路、重點景
區綠化、排
土場復墾與生態重建、優質苗木生產、優質牧草生產、優質中藥材生產、綠色農產品生產、工業旅遊與生態旅遊」為一體的礦
區廢
棄土地資源再利用方案。
Allocate the principle of the basis of the cubic metre of earth and stone, combine the characteristics of limestone geology of mountain area and ecological environment, we set up the mathematical model of the linear programming, which is suitable for limestone mountain area large system cubic metre of earth and stone of expressway, meanwhile we put forward systematic thinking of treatment and method through the remaining cubic metre of earth and stone after allocating, at the same time, we give the protective measure on abandon soil field and fetch earth field about environmental ; making the discussion on medical treatment of natural river system and underground river system of the slope recover
根據
土石方調配原則，結合石灰巖山
區地質和生態環境的特點，建立了適合於石灰巖山
區高速公路的大系統
土石方調配線性規劃數學模型，同時對通過調配后剩餘的
土石方提出了系統的處理思路和方法，並對
棄土場提出了系統的環境保護措施;對各種排水設施的設置與自然水系的調治恢復相結合做了初步探討。第三，路塹邊坡環境恢復。邊坡景觀是公路景觀的重要組成部分，是高速公路環境保護研究的主要內容。
To decide the process and factors affected runoff and the characteristic of water erosion of large dump which produced during construction of railway engineering, study of natural rainfall for hezhuang dump in beitongpu railway rebuilding project is made during raining season
摘要以北同蒲增建二線改造工程河莊
棄土場作為研究對象，在雨季進行了天然降雨試驗研究，確定了項目建設產生的
棄土場
區域內產流過程及影響因素和
土壤侵蝕特徵。
We issue internal guidelines to tighten the control over the disposal of c & d waste. in 2003, we handled 93, 654 nos. of trip tickets from 179 archsd s sites and we disposed 474, 357 m
在2003年，我們處理了建築署轄下179個工地合共93 ， 654份運載紀錄表，在公眾填土區棄置了474 ， 357立方米的建築及拆卸物料，及在堆填區棄置了107 ， 126噸建築及拆卸廢料。
