業務成分類型 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yèwùchéngfēnlèixíng]
業務成分類型 英文
scty service component type
  • 業 : Ⅰ名詞1 （行業） line of business; trade; industry 2 （職業） occupation; profession; employment; ...
  • 務 : Ⅰ名詞1 （事情） affair; business 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ動詞1 （從事; 致力） be engaged in; devote...
  • 成 : Ⅰ動詞1 （完成; 成功） accomplish; succeed 2 （成為; 變為） become; turn into 3 （成全） help comp...
  • 分 : 分Ⅰ名詞1. （成分） component 2. （職責和權利的限度） what is within one's duty or rights Ⅱ同 「份」Ⅲ動詞[書面語] （料想） judge
  • 類 : Ⅰ名1 （許多相似或相同的事物的綜合; 種類） class; category; kind; type 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ動詞...
  • 業務 : vocational work; professional work; business; service; traffic; transaction
  • 類型 : type; mold; form; cut類型論 theory of types; 類型語句 [計算機] type statements
  1. Abstract : the restoration of the riparian vegetation disturbed by human activities is one of the hotspots of watershed ecology. through interpreting the images of remote sensing in 1985 and 1999, the basic information of forest resources of lushuihe forest bureau, which is a typical forest area of changbai mountain, was obtained with support of gis. by dividing land covers of lushuihe area into 10 types ( water body, residential land, stump land, farming land, wetland, mature conifer forest, midlife conifer forest, mature broadleaf forest, midlife broadleaf forest, and man - made young forest ) and dividing the riparian zone into four buffers ( in turn, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 m away from the river ), the changes of riparian forest resources during 1985 - 1999 were analyzed. the results showed that the deforestation intension has obviously decreased and the whole environment has been evidently improved, but the riparian ecosystem was still flimsy. in buffer 1, 2, 3, the area of midlife conifer forest increased largely, but the areas of other types of land covers all decreased. midlife conifer forest had a comparatively good status in the three buffers. in buffer 4, midlife conifer forest, mature conifer forest, and mature broadleaf forest formed a forest - age rank that is helpful to stabilize the forest ecosystem and exert its functions. area percentage of wetland decreased in buffer 1, buffer 2, and buffer 3, even in buffer 4 in which forest ecosystem rehabilitated comparatively well, so protecting and rehabilitating wetland is a very difficult task

    文摘:本文對兩期遙感圖像進行解譯，並在gis支持下提取露水河林業局主要河流兩岸各緩沖區森林資源信息，經分析得到各類地物在1985年及1999年的變化趨勢.結果表明:在河流沿岸對森林的採伐強度1999年較1985年明顯減小，整體生態環境較1985年有所改善.在緩沖區1 ， 2 ， 3除中齡針葉林大幅度增加外，其它地物類型面積均減少，由此可以看出，在這三個緩沖區內針葉林得到了較好的恢復.在緩沖區4內，中齡針葉林、成熟針葉林、成熟闊葉林形成一個林齡梯隊，有利於森林生態系統的穩定與功能的發揮，十五年間緩沖區4受到的干擾相對較小.濕地數量在四個緩沖區內均有所減少，雖然在緩沖區4內森林生態系統恢復的較好，但濕地面積仍有所減少，說明保護及恢復濕地資源是一件非常艱巨的任務，必須引起高度重視.圖5表2參12
  2. The restoration of the riparian vegetation disturbed by human activities is one of the hotspots of watershed ecology. through interpreting the images of remote sensing in 1985 and 1999, the basic information of forest resources of lushuihe forest bureau, which is a typical forest area of changbai mountain, was obtained with support of gis. by dividing land covers of lushuihe area into 10 types ( water body, residential land, stump land, farming land, wetland, mature conifer forest, midlife conifer forest, mature broadleaf forest, midlife broadleaf forest, and man - made young forest ) and dividing the riparian zone into four buffers ( in turn, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 m away from the river ), the changes of riparian forest resources during 1985 - 1999 were analyzed. the results showed that the deforestation intension has obviously decreased and the whole environment has been evidently improved, but the riparian ecosystem was still flimsy. in buffer 1, 2, 3, the area of midlife conifer forest increased largely, but the areas of other types of land covers all decreased. midlife conifer forest had a comparatively good status in the three buffers. in buffer 4, midlife conifer forest, mature conifer forest, and mature broadleaf forest formed a forest - age rank that is helpful to stabilize the forest ecosystem and exert its functions. area percentage of wetland decreased in buffer 1, buffer 2, and buffer 3, even in buffer 4 in which forest ecosystem rehabilitated comparatively well, so protecting and rehabilitating wetland is a very difficult task

    本文對兩期遙感圖像進行解譯，並在gis支持下提取露水河林業局主要河流兩岸各緩沖區森林資源信息，經分析得到各類地物在1985年及1999年的變化趨勢.結果表明:在河流沿岸對森林的採伐強度1999年較1985年明顯減小，整體生態環境較1985年有所改善.在緩沖區1 ， 2 ， 3除中齡針葉林大幅度增加外，其它地物類型面積均減少，由此可以看出，在這三個緩沖區內針葉林得到了較好的恢復.在緩沖區4內，中齡針葉林、成熟針葉林、成熟闊葉林形成一個林齡梯隊，有利於森林生態系統的穩定與功能的發揮，十五年間緩沖區4受到的干擾相對較小.濕地數量在四個緩沖區內均有所減少，雖然在緩沖區4內森林生態系統恢復的較好，但濕地面積仍有所減少，說明保護及恢復濕地資源是一件非常艱巨的任務，必須引起高度重視.圖5表2參12
  3. This thesis studies the principle of ais, the types of its system structure and the key factors which affect its evolution, explains the necessity and feasibility of ais based on event approach, emphasizes how to use the entity - relation approach and the real ( r is for " resource ", e for " event ", a for " agent ", l for " location " ) semantic model to design the integrate event - driven database and expects intelligent decision support system ( idss ), the application of data warehousing and olap technology in decision support system ( dss )

    文章的研究思路是：從會計信息系統體系結構的角度，研究系統體系結構的類型及其演變的主要影響因素。論述了基於事項會計的會計信息系統的現實必要性和技術可行性；重點研究了現代信息技術環境下，基於事項會計的會計信息系統體系結構、如何運用e - r概念模型與real業務過程語義模型分析和設計集成業務數據庫、基於事項會計的會計信息系統原理和結構；並展望了數據倉庫和olap聯機分析處理技術在決策支持系統dss中的應用，即基於企業數據倉庫的智能決策支持系統（ idss ）前沿研究。
  4. Next, with the aid of “ european common core project research ” the author divides the experience type of pure economic loss into five types : suffering from the destruction of public facility case, the employee case, the professional service personnel neglects duty case, the product responsibility case and rents 、 insurance 、 contract shifting case

    其次，筆者藉助歐洲共同核心項目的研究成果，將純粹經濟損失的經驗類型劃分為破壞公用設施牽連受損案、雇員案、專業服務人員失職案、產品責任案和租賃保險合同轉移案五種，為進一步的研究和抽象提供了基本素材。
  5. The content of each part follow as : in the first chapter, as start point and base of the paper, this part focuses on the basic study of definition characteristic of no, and the existing base of no - e - commerce environment ; in the second one, this part studies the theory base of no comprehensively applying the theories of core competence competent strategy and transaction cost ; chapter three studies the no from the coordination of no, and gives the structure clarification and characteristic of no firstly, at the same time, put forward the concept of virtual enterprise cluster ; based on such conclusion, studies the model of no from life cyc organization level process and value chain, and operational mode ; in chapter four, a theoretical explanation was addressed on the above structure by modeling no with game theory and graphic theory ; in the fifth chapter, on the bases of analysis of no operational risks, coordination mechanism of no was studied by individually modeling the no without core and no with core, and then put forward the solution for coordination mechanism of no ; as an important component of coordination mechanism of no, chapter six explored some basic concept of trust and importantly put forward the way of how to build trust in no, especially investigated the supporting function of valid reputation mechanism of no for the trust building, importantly an operational method on building reputation mechanism and evaluation method in no were given ; the last chapter applied the conclusion of the paper to investigate the famous trade web - sunbu. com analyzed its shortcoming and gave the advices of developing

    全文共分為七章，主要內容如下：第一章作為全文的理論出發點和基礎，圍繞網路組織的定義、特徵以及網路組織生存基礎- -電子商務環境等方面對網路組織的基本概念進行了闡述；第二章綜合運用核心能力、競爭戰略和交易費用理論對網路組織產生的理論基礎進行闡述；第三章首先從組織協調的角度對網路組織進行了研究，給出了網路組織的結構，分類和特徵，同時並給出了虛擬企業群簇；然後在此基礎上分別研究了網路組織的生命周期模型、層次模型、過程模型、價值鏈模型，以及運行模式；第四章綜合運用博弈論、圖論的相關知識，通過構建網路組織的模型，對上一章所研究的網路組織結構的形成機理給出了一種理論解釋；第五章在分析網路組織運行風險的基礎上，分別建立無盟主網路組織的博弈論模型和有盟主網路組織的博弈論模型，詳細研究了網路組織的協調機制，然後給出了網路組織協調機制的解決方案；第六章作為網路組織協調機制的重要組成部分，本章在討論了網路組織中建立信任機制的必要性的基礎上，研究了網路組織信任關系的類型，提出了在網路組織中如何建立信任機制。
  6. Such survey, research, contrast and analysis lead to the author ' s positioning of current status of county economy development of the yuanmou county as follows : 1 ) yuanmou is a county typically sustained by agriculture and thus has the characteristics of its kind along with other basic characteristics of mountainous counties ; 2 ) it has lagged far behind the development of the rest of the country, with an economic size accounting to merely 25 % of the average of other counties of china, or 50 % of other counties of yunnan ; 3 ) natural advantages have enabled the tropical crops and green agriculture to stand out as the leading industries, which, together with the discriminative planning and effective efforts of the local government, has resulted in the emergence of the promising " dinosaur economy ; " and 4 ) under - development of industry, now the weakest point of economy of the county, has always been hindering the rapid growth of the local economy and worrying the county leadership, suggesting that industrial restructure and accelerated development of the second and third industries are a tough but inevitable task to tackle

    通過調查、研究、對比、分析，將元謀縣域經濟發展的現狀定位在：元謀縣是邊疆少數民族地區典型的農業縣，具有農業主導縣所具有的典型特徵，同時也具有山區縣經濟類型的基本特徵；與全國縣域經濟的平均水平相比差距較大，為25左右；與雲南省的平均水平相比僅為50左右；元謀縣由於具有一定的自然優勢，其熱區作物、綠色產業已經非常突出地成為了該縣的主導產業，加之政府能動力發揮得較好，其「龍型經濟」正在逐步形成，發展勢頭看好，縣域經濟的規劃、發展思路清晰明了；工業仍然是元謀縣經濟發展最為薄弱的一環， 「無工不富」是時時懸在縣委、縣政府頭上的一個警鐘。產業結構的調整，二、三產業的大力發展是元謀縣無法繞開而又必須面對的非常艱巨的任務。
  7. In the first two parts, the thesis conducts comparison and ordering of financial indicators respectively for four types of institutional units in accordance with their functional classification, in addition to analyzing and describing their general conditions. in the last part, the thesis uses index analysis method, selects the analysis indicators representing respectively the financial conditions of each institution on the basis of the different financial management characteristics of the four types of institutions, in order to form different evaluation models. through calculation, it evaluates the general financial conditions of each institutions with quantitative standards

    在收支分析和資產負債分析部分，論文除對總體情況分析描述外，重點按照職能分類對四類事業單位的各項財務指標分別進行了比較和排序；在綜合分析部分，論文採用了指數分析法，根據四類單位不同的財務管理特點，分別選取了可以代表每類單位財務狀況的分析指標，形成不同的評價模型，通過計算，從量化標準上對各單位的綜合財務狀況進行了評價。
  8. The target of financial management ( fm ) is to achieve maximum value of enterprise is made definite, after anaiyzing all kinds of financial relationships. the essence of organization institution for modern enterprise system is agency by agreement, which can operate perfectly under the conditions of perfect encouragement & engagement rules, so the core of the encouragement & engagement rules for new fmm is to establish distribution regulations. there are many measures can be taken availably, such as budgeting, project cost management etc. and many new concepts of advanced management are worth being adapted, for instance, opportunity - cost, cost - benefit, legal knowledge, and so fbrth

    新的財務管理模式運行的環境是現代企業制度下的國際工程公司，現代企業制度最基本的要求是產權清晰，鑒于本院是知識技術密集型企業，引入了人力資本觀念，完善和充實產權清晰的內容；在分析了企業的各種財務關系后，明確提出財務管理目標?企業價值最大化；現代企業制度的組織制度的實質是委託代理關系，委託代理關系的有效運作依靠完善的激勵約束機制，以此為指導，新的財務管理模式建立起以分配製度為核心的激勵約束機制；充分吸收先進的管理觀念，如成本效益觀念、資金的時間價值觀念、法制觀念，運用先進的方法，如全面預算管理、項目成本管理等，來全面提高財務管理的水平；財務管理體制是財務管理模式運轉的組織保障；按照本院的業務特點，將業務分類，設置了相應的組織機構。
  9. By seizing the opportunities, make all our effort to expand all kinds of business in caojing chemical & industrial park, set up the long - term and firm comprehensive production base and make the fourth operational maintenance division bigger and more powerful so as to enable the caojing area and the gaoqao area fly wing to wing and fly more together, and additionally, by relaying on the support of these two bases described above, progressively set up our radiation type business network which covers the whole shanghai area

    抓住機遇，全力拓展漕涇化學工業園區內的各類業務，建立長期穩固的綜合型基地，做大做強運保四分公司，形成漕涇地區和高橋地區兩翼齊飛的格局，並依託上述兩個基本據點，逐步形成輻射型覆蓋整個上海地區的業務網路。
  10. The aim of the paper is to research the system of mechanical drawing schoolwork correction according to the structure of the corrected parts, the schoolwork correction system can be divided into series of shaft - like, plate - like, fork - like and box - like subsystems a in the past several years, many difficulties of shaft - like correction subsystem had been solved so, this task is to find the common principle and process of the plate - like drawing correction system which is based on existent results, and this can help to the subsequent research on the plate - like drawing correction system according to the property of the errors, all drawing errors can been divided into absolute errors and comparative errors

    按照批改零件的結構類型，機械制圖作業批改系統可以分為軸套類、盤蓋類、叉架類和箱體類一系列的子批改系統。經過幾年的研究，軸套類作業批改系統的大量技術難題已經得到解決，並且提出了一系列重要的演算法，現在已經能夠正確批改一些軸類作業圖。本課題的任務是繼承已經取得的成果，探索盤蓋類零件圖作業批改系統的一般過程和規律，為盤蓋類作業批改系統的后續研究作技術準備。
  11. This paper chiefly has the below management achievements : ( 1 ) from the angle of strategy, " increase pole " theory combining area economy has got the strategy fixed position location thoughts of the sincere software company of sichuan and competition tactics. even if by the technique innovation is the foundation, and who after screening establishes and constructs establishes the difference competition superiority of enterprise on " increase pole " platform with the tool in the analysis the strategy method ; ( 2 ) appling organization behavior theory, 1 set " value model of strategy fixed position location " has been put forward on the foundation that we really apply. so, has gone on the quantitative analysis, and possessing certain persuading power ; ( 3 ) on the foundation studied in the whole course established to " value model of strategy fixed position location "

    本文主要有以下管理成果： 1 、從戰略管理學的角度，結合區域經濟的「增長極」理論得到了四川世誠軟體公司的戰略定位思想和競爭策略，即以技術創新為基礎，在運用戰略管理學的分析方法和工具篩選后確立和營造的「增長極」平臺上建立企業的差異化競爭優勢； 2 、運用組織行為學和投資學的理論，在實際應用的基礎上，提出了一套「戰略定位的價值模型」 ，並進行了定量分析，具有一定說服力； 3 、在對「戰略定位的價值模型」建立的全程進行研究的基礎上，結合不確定性管理理論，提出了一套「不確定性控制分析方法」並用以比較和分析了各種不同類型方案的價值回報和風險，以確立各方案對環境的反應水平，從而判斷其優劣； 4 、全面評價和綜合評估戰略管理思想在實際商務運作過程中的地位和范圍。
  12. The article has researched the intention of agricultural industrialization which is guided by market and mainstay enterprises, based on agricultural product base organized by a lot of families, and characterized by joint management and mutual benefit. it also realized production specialization, product commercialization, service socialization and etc. the article has also researched the existing conditions of agricultural industrialization both at home and abroad. although it is different in national conditions and actual practice, the developed countries follows the market economic law and naturally steps on the road of agricultural industrialization. as the continuous reforming and opening up, china actively explores and enhances the management level of agricultural industrialization. the writer uses system changing theory, scale management theory, trade expense theory. market system theory and industrial economics theory, to put forward the main type of mainstay enterprises, which is divided by ownership, organization form, contact form and product. the writer thinks that development of mainstay enterprises can promote effective joining between small production and big market, the developing of high - benefit agriculture, establishing trade / industry / agriculture operation system, region economics and joining process between urban area and rural area. the existing conditions in strengthening the mainstay enterprises in zhaoyuan embodies continuous expanding in scale. continuous widening in fields, continuous enhancing in benefits, continuous improving in techology and quality. by finding the problem and shortage in product quality, developing ability and scale strength, the article has put forward the following views : face to market and enhance quality and techological content of agricultural products ; enforce flexible policy and investments ; establish fair and reasonable benefits joining system. the article has also put forward the countermeasures and suggestions on enhancing the enterprises ' management level

    文章研究了農業產業化經營的內涵，明確其以市場為導向、以龍頭企業為依託、以一大批農戶組成的農產品生產基地為基礎，形成農工商有機結合、風險共擔、利益均沾的本質特點，表現出生產專業化、經營一體化、企業規模化、產品商品化、服務社會化等特徵。分析了國內外產業化經營的現狀，認為盡管各國的國情不同，具體的做法和叫法不盡相同，但是經濟發達國家都遵循市場經濟規律，很自然走上了農業產業化經營的道路，發展中國家紛紛仿效，中國也隨著改革開放不斷深入，積極探索發展提高農業產業化經營水平。作者運用制度變遷理論、規模經營理論、交易費用理論、市場機制理論和產業經濟學理論，提出了龍頭企業從所有制形式、從組織形式、從聯系方式及從產品上劃分的主要類型；認為發展龍頭企業有促進小生產與大市場的有效對接、推動優質高效農業縱深發展、建立貿工農一體化運行機制、振興區域經濟、加速城鄉一體化進程等作用；考察了招遠市壯大龍頭企業推進農業產業化的現狀，表現在規模不斷擴大、領域不斷拓寬、效益不斷提高、技術不斷改進、質量不斷提高等方面；找出了龍頭企業產品質量上、開發能力上、規模實力上和行業自律上的問題和差距，提出了要面向市場，努力提高農產品的質量和科技含量，多策並舉，搞活投入機制，建立公平合理的利益聯結機制，加強行業自律，提高企業經營管理水平等對策和建議。
  13. One example is the merrill lynch, a finance parent company and several subsidiaries, the parent company is the major shareholder and the subsidiaries are operating on some professional finance business separately, such as asset management > investment banking

    二是目前大型綜合類證券公司組建成金融控股集團，即根據業務不同分別成立各子公司，如投資銀行公司、經紀業務管理公司、資產管理公司和風險投資公司等。
  14. As the main surviving part after the reform of transportation industry, the pipeline bureau is facing the huge challenge and problem : the scope and domain is excessively extensive, it loaded hyper social burden, turnover of assets is very difficult, assets combination is not rational and so on. in order to amplify enterprise competitiveness, the pipeline bureau must carry on all kinds of enterprises restructure firstly, this thesis investigates the history and actuality of the pipeline bureau entity asset, explains the causes of formation, and analyses the problems on object situation of the pipeline bureau entity asset. secondly, constitutes the synthesis appraising indexes system of the enterprise, analysis the asset quality of different bureau enterprise on value situation by adopting rational financial indexes

    本論文首先對管道局存量資產現狀形成的歷史原因進行了調查研究，分析了管道局存量資產存在的問題，在實物形態上對管道局資產質量進行分析，使本文有了實證的基礎；然後是管道局企業綜合評價指標體系構建與綜合分析，先建立管道局企業綜合經營評價指標體系模型，採用近幾年局企業各類財務指標，分板塊對不同業務進行綜合評價，再結合其他方面評價結果，在價值形態上對管道局不同業務板塊的資產質量進行綜合分析；第三，設計與建構了管道局資產重組運作模式，這是論文的核心內容，針對管道局資產現狀與問題分析，結合資產重組有關理論，設計出管道局資產重組的運作模式，並指出推進管道局資產重組的措施。
  15. Next, according to the feature of different types of the industry chain, it is supposed that the manufacturing cost of suppliers and backward enterprises is known, with the method of the pricing of middle product, we set about the study on value attribution ? profit - distribution, and we use the regressively inductive method to find the scale of the profit - distribution. last, we use the situation of the industry chain of the data service inland and overseas to give evidence study

    然後，基於不同電信增值業務產業鏈模式的特點，假設電信增值業務產業鏈上企業的生產成本為共同知識，本文運用中間產品定價的方式，研究不同類型的產業鏈模式下電信運營商與sp商的利益分配方式，並通過逆向歸納法（動態博弈）求解計算它們的利益分配比例，為現實電信運營商的發展提供理論支持。
  16. According to present situation of brand equity, for the first time, five important brand equity factors were extracted from brand features by applications of principal component analysis and factor analysis methods, they were brand status, customer - recognized value, brand image, brand creative abilities and brand executive abilities ; on the same time, five types of brand equity were divided with k - means cluster methods on the base of five brand factors, they were leading brand, matured or ripe brand, concrete brand, customer - based brand and creative brand. in order to extract brand equity strategy, correlation and linear regression analysis methods were used, as a result of analysis, four strategies were put forwarded including brand marketing strategy, marketing dividing strategy, marketing stretching strategy and marketing entrance time, applying nonparametric tests and duncan tests, five brand equities were also differed in many aspects

    在品牌資產各組成要素中，應用主成分分析和因子分析方法，提取了五個品牌資產最重要的構成因子，首次提出品牌資產最重要的因子是品牌地位和顧客認知價值，其次為品牌形象、品牌創新能力和市場執行能力；根據品牌資產的構成因子，運用聚類分析法，對調查企業的品牌資產類型進行了分類，按照品牌構成屬性將企業分為領導型、成熟型、務實型、顧客導向型和創新型品牌企業；在對企業品牌策略分析基礎上，運用相關分析和線形回歸方法，求導形成品牌的重要策略因子，提出建立品牌資產最重要的策略因子是推廣策略，其次為市場分化策略、市場延伸策略和進入市場時機。
  17. The 2nd chapter analyzes the kodak imaging network ' s characters including store type, position, service lines, opening procedure, and dynamic competition status, point out the development bottleneck and necessity of add - value service development. in the 3 rd chapter, we raise concept of add value business and china telecom industry current add - value service development status, as well as business model and value chain change

    第二章，系統剖析了柯達零售通路一柯達快速彩色影像服務網路的特徵，包括柯達快速彩色的類型、定位，產品線，通路的形成過程，地理分佈及財務特徵，面臨的競爭現狀等，指出其發展瓶頸和增值業務開發的必要性。
  18. Finance is the core of contemporary economy, and commercial banking is the principal part of finance system after china j oined the wto ， the biggest problem which commercial banks of our country encounter has been the problem of system risks therefore the research on managing and keeping away the commercial banking system risks of our country has great academic and practical significance by expatiating the basic theories of financial system which includes the theoretic analysis of four aspects ： financial organization financial market system financial supervision system and financial system innovation together with the characteristics of commercial banks of our country in the transitional period the paper analyzes the ~ eneration mechanism of the commercial banking system risks of our country the defnition and characteristics of system risks ， the behavior and the various factors of the commercial banking system risks one by one at the same time the main aspects of american and german commercial banks which include the type and appellation of commercial banks ， the exterior form of organization 。 the dealings management system the deposit insurance system and the development current of commercial banks ， are compared in addition ， the financial supervision systems of america ， british and japan are studied in detail based on the above analyzing combined with the situations in our country, the beneficial reference ’ and inspiration that we can draw are analyzed then it can be concluded that the origins from which the commercial banking system risks of our country derive exist in the peculiar property right system ， organization system ， capital system and juridical person system of our country, etc therefore to prevent and solve the commercial banking system risks of our country, we should begin with eliminating the system sources that result in risks and keep away the banking risks effectively by innovating the system in this paper, several precaution measurements are also proposed including accelerating decentralized regrouping of country, owned property, reforming the organization system of the commercial banks monopolized by the colintry, reforming and constructing capital system ， establishing modem iuridical person system of commercial banks ， and so on

    加入wto后，我國商業銀行所面臨的最大憂慮就是制度風險問題，因此，對我國商業銀行制度風險的管理和防範研究具有重大的理論和現實意義。本文通過對金融制度基本理論的明確闡述，它包括：金融組織理論分析、金融市場體系理論分析、金融監管制度理論分析和金融制度創新理論分析四個方面的內容；結合當前轉軌時期我國商業銀行的特點，逐一對我國商業銀行風險的生成機理、制度風險的涵義及特點、商業銀行制度風險表現以及商業銀行制度風險的各種因素進行了分析；同時還對美國、德國商業銀行制度的主要方面進行比較研究，包括商業銀行的類型和名稱、外部組織形式、業務經營制度、存款保險制度和商業銀行的發展趨勢；以及對美國、英國、日本三國的金融監管制度進行了較詳細的分析；並在此基礎上結合我國實際，分析了我國可從中得到的有益借鑒和啟示；根據以上分析，得出我國商業銀行制度風險產生的根源在於我國特有的產權制度、組織制度、資本制度和法人治理制度等。為了防範和化解我國商業銀行的制度風險必須從消除這種風險產生的制度基礎入手，通過制度創新來有效防範銀行風險，本文提出了若干相關防範措施，包括：加速國有產權的分散化重組、改革國有獨資商業銀行的組織制度、改革與建設資本制度和建立現代商業銀行法人治理制度等。
  19. However, being in the extensive phase, their internal management does not keep pace with their rapid development. although telecommunications industry is growing in an unprecedented way in china, in the field of telecommunication services, the problem is still more acute. there is, in the main, not an efficient professional cost accounting system and problems connected with cost accounting cannot be easily worked out

    我國的電信事業一直處于大發展的階段，建設、發展是政府和企業的主要任務，內部管理跟不上發展步伐，基本上處于粗放型的經營管理階段，而電信業務的特殊性，其成本的確定和核算往往難度很大，財務管理上基本沒有詳盡的專業核算體系，許多業務成本核算不清，因而要從現有企業的財務出發，詳細區分各類業務成本有一定困難。
  20. Dscty data service component type

    數據業務成分類型
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