權增德 的英文怎麼說

Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law

再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。

Xx. i recall that i have read in aelius maurus phlegon ( the author apparently made up this name to give credence to the following fictions ), a freedman of hadrian, that when he was dying septimius severus rejoiced quite unrestrainedly because he was leaving the republic two antoninus with equal power, after the example of pius, who left the republic verus and marcus antoninus, his sons by adoption

我想起了曾讀過的哈德良皇帝的被釋奴奧雷利烏斯?毛魯斯?菲勒貢* （這位作者在此捏造此名字是為了增加下面一段虛構內容的可信度）的記載，說是塞普提米烏斯?塞維魯死時無比欣慰? ?因為自己象先帝安東尼?皮烏斯那樣，為國家留下了兩個繼子，盧修斯?瓦魯斯和馬爾庫斯?安東尼努斯，賽維魯為國家留下了擁有同等權利的兩個安東尼努斯（指卡拉卡拉和格塔） 。

Secondly, actions between banks and enterprises in china ' s credit market and the motivation of banks " deregulation are deeply analyzed by the means of the game theory. thirdly, the thesis studies how systematic factors in china aggravate the information asymmetry in the credit market from the aspects of property right, financial supervision and information announcement. at last, suggestions on how to dissolve the bank credi t risk and prevent non - performing banking assets increasing are put forward in the aspects of improvement of information symmetry, establishment of incentive and constraint mechanism and elimination of systematic factors which aggravate the information asymmetry

首先，論文分析了我國信貸活動中的信息不對稱所產生的逆向選擇與道德風險對銀行資產質量的影響；其次，作者運用博弈論方法對我國信貸市場中銀行與企業的博弈行為以及銀行違規的動力進行了深入地分析；接著，論文又從產權、金融監管和信息披露這三個方面研究了我國的體制性因素如何加劇信貸市場的信息不對稱問題；最後，論文從提高信貸市場的信息對稱度、建立有效的激勵約束機制以及消除加劇信息不對稱的體制性因素這三個方面對化解我國銀行信貸風險、防範銀行不良資產的新增提出了建議。

Haniel group is a multinational company based in germany, established 250 years ago. through continuous growth and value - oriented management the company today is a 27billion euro business, ranking 187 among global 500 in 2007

哈尼爾集團是一家德國公司，成立於250年前。通過持續增長和價值為導向的的管理模式，公司成長為年銷售額達270億歐元的跨國企業， 2007年世界500強公司中位列第187名，同時哈尼爾集團也持有麥德龍超市集團34 %的股權。

In this kind of background, economic agents are limited rational and opportunist in economic exchange and production, which induce transaction costs and supervising cost ; in order to abate costs, enhance bestirring and constrains, property right must be clear ; means to get economic goal contain exchange and production, if transaction costs is too expensive, market exchange will be internalization by hierarchical corporation, but more and more hierarchical administrative cost become while huger and huger corporation size become, which obstruct the enlargement of border of corporation. nie don ’ t think that corporation will supersede market wholly, but they are parallel and supersede dynamically each other. so nie advocate economic action is impacted by macroscopic dualistic institutional framework

他們以這樣一種認知為基礎，認為在這樣的經濟背景中，有限理性的經濟行動者，是一種機會主義者，一有機會就可能在經濟交換和生產活動中採取種種搭便車行為，使經濟行動存在交易成本和行政監督成本（在德姆塞茨等人那裡，交易成本包括市場交易與行政監督成本） ;為了減少這些成本、增加對經濟行動者的激勵與約束，就必須明晰產權;如果交易成本過高，市場交換就會內部化，出現企業對市場的替代，而組織監督成本又制約了企業擴展的邊界，使市場與企業之間動態替代和平行並列，因此經濟行動在宏觀上主要受這種二分制度框架的影響。

It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。

Still, mr bush has sent an extra aircraft - carrier group to the gulf and given american forces orders to capture or kill iranian agents in iraq

盡管不清楚這是否是最高領袖阿亞圖拉賽義德?阿里?哈梅內伊的命令，但布希增已經增派航空母艦去波斯灣並授權美國軍隊捕獲或擊斃在伊拉克的伊朗代理人。

This paper ， from related document exposition ， i get the hint of staging investment about capital structure contract and establishes a more simple model ， in each stage of venture enterprise ' s quit ， have designed the optimal equity proportion contract between venture capitalist and entrepreneur ， through raising the effort level of entrepreneur reduce informational asymmetries ， and reach conclusion : in first stage ， the equity proportion of venture capitalist optimal fraction is 0. 5 ， in the following stage ， the equity proportion of venture capitalist tends to increase

本文從相關的文獻論述中得到關于資本結構契約設計和分階段投資的啟示，建立了一個比較簡單，易操作的模型，在風險企業退出前的各階段，設計了風險資本家和企業家之間的最優的股權比例契約，通過提高企業家的努力程度來降低信息不對稱下的道德風險，並得出結論：在投資第一階段，風險資本家的股權比例最優解是1 / 2 ，以後的各階段，風險資本家的股權比例趨于增加。

About 20 right of abode claimants and supporters arrived at kai tak government building shortly after 10. 30 am today. at about 11. 50 am, the number of participants increased to about 100. police are closely monitoring the situation with no untoward incident reported so far

今早約十時三十分，大約有二十名爭取居港權人士及其支持者到達啟德政府大樓外，直至上午十一時五十分，人數增至約一百人，警方現正在場密切留意情況，暫時沒有不愉快事件發生。

Jurisprudence, politics, sociology, economics, management science and the public administrative science and the like have from different perspectives studied the institution issue related to the bureaucracy or the administrative responsibility. the achievement of these studies provides rich theory source for the public administrative responsibility study. in the western public administrative bibliography, different opinions on the various issues relevant to

在分析行政責任制度困境的基礎上，論文提出了制度創新的幾點理論啟示，即制度規則是重要的，加強權力制約和權力監督，權力與責任要適當配置，責任追究要落實到個體，建立發達的信息機制，增進公共參與，改善行政倫理道德。

Although the world now remembers the snub that jesse owens delivered to nazi theories of racial superiority, the germans came top of the olympic medal table in 1936, reflecting the nazi regime ' s growing power

即使人們至今還記得對傑西?歐文斯受到納粹人種優越理論的不公平待遇的譴責，但是在那屆奧運會上，德國仍舊取得了金牌榜第一的位置，反映出當時納粹政權日益增長的實力。

The three protesters killed today ( thursday ) bring to 13 the number of people killed during 15 straight days of protest rallies, called to denounce the king ' s seizure of absolute power last year

抗議集會已經持續了15天，抗議者譴責賈南德拉國王去年把全部權力控制在自己手中。星期四的事件使死亡人數增加到13人。

In response to media questions after attending rthk s city forum, mr nip said the adjustments would enable the government to ensure cssa, as a safety net for the vulnerable groups, could be maintained within our means and that existing resources would go further to meet the increasing demand

在出席完香港電臺的城市論壇后，聶德權回應新聞界提問時指出今次調整金額可以確保社會保障制度不會令我們入不敷出，而現有資源又可以進一步應付不斷增加的需求。

Chapter takes shunde district of foshan city, guangdong province in the pearl delta with well - developed economy as the example, probe into the difficulties, methods and measures of farmland preservation at shunde. chapter. on the basis of the current situation about farmland preservation work in china and the probe of shunde ' s farmland preservation, points out that our country should take the comprehensive preservations about the whole agricultural lands including farmland, the quality of agricultural lands and the ecology environment of agricultural lands as farmland preservation goal. we must adopt these important measures except for reforming present farmland preservation measures to achieve the goal of protecting agriculture lands : the first one is canceling the power of governments in the localities obtaining profits by dealing with the nationalized land property, that means canceling the motive of the governments in the localities obtaining profits though sailing the power of using land ; the second one is improving the utilization ratio of constructing lands and reducing the amounts of increases in constructed lands by the land market constructing

第一章，從耕地保護入手，分析了耕地保護的理論依據及其與我國社會經濟可持續發展之間的關系；第二章，在分析我國耕地資源現狀、問題的基礎上，就我國現行耕地保護措施中存在的問題、原因作了較深入的分析；第三章，以位於珠江三角洲經濟較發達的廣東省佛山市順德區為例，探討其耕地保護的難點、方法和措施；第四章，根據我國耕地保護工作的現狀和基於順德耕地保護的探索，提出我國的耕地保護目標應是將包含耕地的整個農地、農地質量和農地生態環境的綜合保護，而保護措施除改進現有的耕地保護措施外，其它應採取的重要措施一是取消地方政府處置國有土地資產獲取收益的權力即取消地方政府以賣地求發展資金的原動力，二是通過土地市場建設提高建設用地的利用率、減少建設用地新增量從而達到保護農地的目的。

First of all, the thesis defines the connotation of human capital by pointing out that " human capital is the summation of knowledge, technology, information, health, morality, reputation and social relationship which is acquired by conscious investment activities of specific behavior main body for the purpose of increasing the future utility or value increment, and which is adhered to human being with the characteristics of the difference in ability of human capital and the augmenting marginal utility " ; second of all, the thesis conducts detailed analysis of the ownership character, investment character, organization character and value character of human capital

論文首先對人力資本的涵義進行了界定，指出「人力資本是指特定行為主體為增加未來效用或實現價值增值，通過有意識地投資活動而獲得的，具有異能性和邊際收益遞增性的、依附於人身上的知識、技術、信息、健康、道德、信譽和社會關系的總和。 」其次，論文對人力資本的產權特徵、投資特徵、組織特徵和價值特徵進行了詳細分析。