次生反射 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [cìshēngfǎnshè]
次生反射 英文
secondary reflection
  • 次 : Ⅰ名詞1 （次序; 等第） order; sequence 2 [書面語] （出外遠行時停留的處所） stopping place on a jou...
  • 生 : Ⅰ動詞1 （生育; 生殖） give birth to; bear 2 （出生） be born 3 （生長） grow 4 （生存; 活） live;...
  • 反 : Ⅰ名詞1 （方向相背） reverse side 2 （造反） rebellion 3 （指反革命、反動派） counterrevolutionari...
  • 射 : Ⅰ動詞1 （用推力或彈力送出） shoot; fire 2 （液體受到壓力迅速擠出） discharge in a jet 3 （放出） ...
  1. The effort of manganese removal was studied and the kinetics of manganese removal was tried to establish. the factors of dissolved oxygen concentration, fe2 + concentration, ph, p concentration and closing of the filter were studied to evaluate their effort for biological manganese removal, and the correlation of residual manganese and oxidation - reduction potential was also discussed. as the iron content of water was high, experiment results showed that the reaction was zero order, as the iron content of water was low, the reaction was first order. the time needed for the cultivation of biological manganese removal was 60 70 days. the filter operated at the filtration rate of 8 10m / h, silica sand of effective size 0. 95 1. 25mm filled the filter to a depth of 1200mm

    試驗結果表明，成熟后濾砂表面濾膜的x射線衍射圖譜與mno _ x ? 5h _ 2o （ x = 1 . 86 ）的x射線衍射圖譜一樣，濾膜成熟后的結構在進水物質不發生變化的情況下不發生變化;合適的碳磷比對生物除錳有明顯的促進作用，試驗條件下的投磷量不會對出水造成二次污染;生物除錳需要亞鐵的參與，亞鐵的存在除了能夠促進微生物分泌胞外酶並刺激其活性外，還通過鐵離子的變價傳遞電子，催化錳離子的氧化反應，從而促進對二價錳的降解。
  2. In the last forty years the research for finding solitary wave solutions has been experienced a great growth and some sucessful methods including the inverse scattering theory, backland transform, hirota ' s bilinear methods and the homogeneous balance method have been presented in succession

    近四十年來非線性演化方程孤波解的解法研究蓬勃發展，相繼誕生了一些比較成功的求解方法，如反散射方法、 b （ ? ） ckland變換方法、 hirota方法以及齊次平衡方法等，這些方法多年來得到了廣泛的發展和應用。
  3. Arising from two internal reflections, the secondary bow appears less bright and has the colour sequence reversed

    副虹是光線經兩重內部反射而產生的，顏色較主虹淡，排列次序與主虹呈相反。
  4. The results show that : 1 ) the effects of interface on waves scattering are stronger in the structure with the interface perpendicular to the direction of fracture normal than that in the structure with the interface parallel to the direction of fracture normal. 2 ) when the interface is perpendicular to the direction of fracture normal, the amplitude of reflected waves and converted s - waves are higher and there are the sub - p - and sub - s - wave. 3 ) when the elastic waves propagating in the multi - stripe model, wavesforms become complex due to multiple scattering on interfaces

    研究結果表明： 1 ）界面與裂縫排列方向平行時，界面對波的散射作用大於界面與裂縫排列方向垂直時的情況； 2 ）當界面與裂縫排列方向平行時，在界面上產生的反射波及轉換的橫波幅度較大，並且有次級縱波和橫波產生； 3 ）彈性波在多條紋結構中傳播時，在界面上產生多次散射使得波形十分復雜。
  5. The peak in the direction of the target normal is consistent with mat of predicted by the resonance absorption and another peak of hot electrons emission in the specular reflection direction is due to the multi - acceleration mechanisms. the hot electrons emission along the back - reflection direction is probably caused by the acceleration of the back - reflection laser, which is for the first time put forward by us

    其中，靶法線方向的超熱電子發射峰與共振吸收（ res ~ eabso甲tion ）機制所預言的一致;根據理論估算提出激光反射方向的超熱電子發射峰是幾種加速機制共同作用的結果;我們首次提出背反射激光加速超熱電子的新機制，並用此機制解釋了激光背反射方向產生的超熱電子發射峰。
  6. All the contents are developed around a set of scaling laws taking the form of exponentials which relate to almost all the issues of complexity including fractals, chaos, strange attractors, localization, and symmetry breaking, etc. the main work can be summarized as follows : starting from the law of allmetric growth three fractal dimensions in a broad sense are derived, and according to these dimensions, geographical space is divided into three levels, i. e., real space, phase space, and order space, each of which corresponds to a kind of dimension. based on the idea of spatial disaggregation and using the rmi ( relationship - mapping - reversion ) principle, the urban system is formulated as three scaling laws of the three spaces, including number law, size law, and area law, which can be transformed into a set of power laws such as allometric law and zipf ’ s law associated with fractal structure

    從異速生長律的縱向、橫向和切向三個角度將地理空間劃分為實空間、相空間和序空間，分別對應于空間系列、時間序列和等級序列三個層面，每個層面的測度各有自己的空間維度。基於「空間循環細分-等級體系-網路結構」的數理等價關系，利用rmi （關系-映射-反演）原則，成功地實現了城市系統宏觀模型的理論抽象，將空間復雜性問題表徵為簡單的指數式標度定律（包括數量律、規模律和尺度律） ，這一組標度律可以與一組冪次定律（包括具有分形性質的規模-數目律、異速生長定律和三參數zipf定律）互為變換。
  7. The first chapter states out three crucial opinions of mst theory : action - ontology, mechanism of control, and concept and classification of mst. the second chapter talks about the evolutionary opinions of turchin by introducing general evolution theories of k. popper and d. t. cambell. it also explains five stages of life ' s evolution which turchin used mst to describe : stage of simple reflex, stage of complex reflex, stage of high animal, stage of human being, and stage of social integration

    緊接著從四個主體部分來闡釋這一理論：第一部分詳細敘述了元系統躍遷理論的三個核心要點，分別是，把世界的終極實在看作是「行動」的行動本體論、多層次的控制機制論以及元系統躍遷的概念與分類；第二部分通過介紹波普爾和坎貝爾的廣義進化論思想來闡明圖琴關于進化的基本觀點，而重點在於解釋他用元系統躍遷描述的生命進化的五個階段：簡單反射階段、復雜反射階段、高級動物階段、人的階段以及社會的整合階段；第三部分通過把復雜性看作是系統的一種不可還原的性質，從而把復雜性與系統層次突現聯系起來。
  8. One way that vaccines or natural immune responses to an initial infection protect against future colonization by certain microorganisms is by inducing the body to produce so - called memory b lymphocytes targeted to those specific invaders

    注射疫苗或初次感染引發的自然免疫反應，會讓身體針對這些特定入侵者，產生所謂的記憶型b淋巴球，以對抗再次侵犯的微生物。
  9. The fitness of four negative electrode materials such as al, fe, zn, cd, and of six membranes materials : microfiber glass mat separator, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, vinylon, soapnated cellulose acetate, and of four current collects : carbon fiber ; nickel foam ; nickel foam sthongthened by iron wire net, punched silver grid in the super - iron alkaline batteries was comparatively studied. the influence of two storaged method ( with and without electrolyte ) and two impurities ( zno, fe ( oh ) 3 ) to the experiment cell ' s self - discharge nature was also comparatively studied. at last, the nature of discharge. structure and electrochemistry of experimental cell with k2feo4 as cathode active material prepared by three different methods : high temperature reaction, hypochlorite oxidizing and electrolysis, was comparative ly studied. we can conclude : i ) the open - circuit potential and the flat of work potential and the percent of capacity of k2feo4 till 1. 0v during the discharge at constant load of experimental cells decreased by the order of al / k2feo4, zn / k2feo4, cd / k2feo4, fe / k2feo4. as for the nature of charge - discharge cycle, cd / k2feo4 fe / k2feo4 zn / k2feo4. in water solute electrolyte, although al / k2feo4 can n ' t be used as storage battery, it have great potential as primary cell or storage cell from the aspect of its discharge capacity. discharge power

    採用組裝實驗電池、 x -射線衍射（ xrd ）和循環伏安（ cv ）的方法，從實驗電池的放電特性、充放電循環特性、自放電特性，不同高鐵酸鹽的結構特性和電化學特性幾個方面，對4種金屬負極材料（ al 、 fe 、 zn 、 cd ） 、 6種隔膜材料（復合玻璃纖維、幅射接枝聚乙烯、改性聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯、維尼綸無紡布、皂化再生纖維素） 、 4種集流體材料（泡沫鎳、以鐵網為加強層的泡沫鎳、切拉銀網、炭纖維編織網）在堿性高鐵電池中的適用性進行了比較研究；對2種雜質組分（ zno 、 fe （ oh ） _ 3 ）和2類不同貯存方式（干、濕）對實驗電池自放電特性的影響進行了比較研究；對3種方法（高溫固相反應、次氯酸鹽氧化、直流電解）所制k _ 2feo _ 4的實驗電池的放電特性、結構特性和電化學性能進行了比較研究。
  10. The analytical software can comprehensively detect these ghost images generated by ghost reflections and simulate the energy attenuation process of ghost beam. the position of ghost image can be picked out, the potential hazard of ghost images to key elements can be verified, and the irradiance at ghost image and key elements can be described

    編制的專門的雜散光分析軟體能全面捕捉系統中激光束多次殘余反射產生的鬼像，並模擬鬼光束的能量衰減過程，從而找出對光學元件及系統性能存在威脅的鬼像，確定其位置，同時對各光學元件特別是關鍵元件處的能量密度與元件的穩定性進行描述。
  11. A multi - phase reconfigurable architecture is introduced on the base of oncedr model, supplemented by the marriage of microkernel technology and reflection technology

    基於反射中間件技術，結合微內核技術和組件技術，設計覆蓋web應用服務器整個生命周期的多層次重配體系結構。
  12. Mica pearlescent pigments comprising mica particles coated with thin transparent film consisting of highly refractive metal oxides, when the light rays incident into pigment particle, a portion of light is reflected from the exterior of the film and interfere with the other portion of light transmitted through the film to the extremely smooth surface of mica plate where it is reflected again. two portion of light suffers a phase change, viewed by reflected light it exhibit pearly or iridescent optical effects, which depending upon the particle size and the thickness of coatings

    雲母珠光顏料是通過在雲母粉表而鍍覆一層高折射率的金屬氧化物透明薄膜，如tio _ 2 、 fe _ 2o _ 3等，光線入射后，部分光線被膜層表面反射，其餘光線穿過膜層照到雲母片再被反射，兩組反射光線因光程差發生干涉，形成具有彩虹一樣的珍珠光澤，被廣泛應用於塗料、油墨、塑料、製革、化妝品等行業，能明顯改善產品外觀，提高產品檔次。
  13. The photo - induced phase transition of the different light intensities, photo - energies and directions of the polarized light is investigated. it suggested that the photo excites the down spin eg electrons and destroys the spin order system of the thin films. the relation between the he - ne laser reflectivity of the thin film, applied current and resistance was analyzed by the optics theory of solid state physics

    光子通過激發e _ g向下電子的躍遷，從而改變材料自旋極化方向，影響體系的輸運行為；首次研究了cmr薄膜的激光反射率和偏置電流的關系，並用固體光學理論對其定性分析，表明反射率的變化是由於電場引起材料的晶格畸變，改變了極化率，從而導致材料的折射率和反射率發生改變。
  14. This part emphasizes the synthesis of nanoarrays, aiming at controlling the size and distance of nanocrystallites using calixarene derivatives by altering the size, length and chemical structure of the organic molecules ; 2. this part emphasizes in situ synthesis strategy for fabrication of polymer network of zns based nanopowder, aiming at size controls, coating and preventing agglomeration following " one - pot " synthesis ; this method fits to low cost, large scale production ; 3. according to development in zno nanomaterials, we first report on the synthesis, characterization of amorphous zno, aiming at describing the principles and approaches of synthesis techniques, optical properties, spatial structure and doped effect ; the amorphous zno displays cage - like structure, showing a strong ultraviolet emission while the visible emission is nearly fully quenched, a potential uv - emission material ; 4

    本論文以量子結構自組裝為出發點，提出利用杯芳烴及其衍生物的化學受限反應實現尺寸可調半導體納米粒子自組裝；提出有機聚合網路原位組裝zns基納米熒光粉方法，把熒光粉的納米化、包敷、防團聚在「一鍋」反應中完成，適于低成本，批量生產；根據當前zno的研究情況，我們首次合成了非晶zno ，研究了它的光學性質，確定了它的結構，並對其摻雜進行了初步的研究，非晶zno表現出強的深紫外發光特性，而可見發射非常弱，是一種有巨大潛在應用價值的深紫外發光材料；利用非晶zno的亞穩特性，對晶化過程中非晶zno納米晶zno三維受限量子結構特性，界面特性進行了深入的研究；利用固相熱分解一般受擴散控制特性，實現了尺寸可控的zno三維量子結構的自組裝；利用非晶zno的高度分散性，容易均勻成膜特性，實現了非晶籽晶誘導低溫液相外延自組裝生長高取向zno晶體薄膜。
  15. It is found that : ( 1 ) for linear slope, redistribution of incoming energy flux in modenumber space depends on both the modenumber of incident waves and the ratio of the slope of incident wave ray to slope of topography ; both the transmitted and reflected energy flux ( only for supercritical linear slope ) focus near one or two modenumbers ; for supercritical linear slope, the energy flux scattering to higher modenumbers becomes larger and the energy flux to lower modenumbers becomes smaller as the slope of incident wave ray comes near to slope of topography ; ( 2 ) for convex slope, energy flux is redistributed in wide - range modenumbers and also show peaks on lower - modenubers and higher - modenumbers ; ( 3 ) for concave slope, energy flux is also redistributed in wide - range modenumbers, but does not show peaks on higher - modenumbers as supercritical linear slope and convex slope do ; ( 4 ) the total energy flux scattering to higher modenumbers is approximately equal to the total energy flux to lower modenumbers for internal waves propagating over both convex slope and concave slope, which means the concave slope is the same efficient to convex slope in scattering energy flux to higher modenumbers ; ( 5 ) for convex slope, the wave ray reflected from near - critical topography can extend to deep ocean and shallow shelf, while for concave slope, the wave ray reflected from near - critical topography can only extend to limited distance, then meet the topography and be reflected again ; generally the shear of the internal waves reflected twice from concave slope is not enhanced while the enhanced shear does also appear before second reflection takes place, the enhanced shear can bring about intense mixing, so internal waves reflected from concave slope can also produce marked mixing near critical slope

    3 、內波在凹地形上傳播時，能通量在模態上的分佈范圍也比較寬，但與凸地形和超臨界線性斜坡地形相比，能通量在高模態上的分佈沒有明顯的峰值。 4 、從總的能通量來講，內波在凸地形和凹地形上傳播時，向高模態散射的能通量與向低模態散射的能通若十地形下內波傳播及內潮生成問題的理論解量近似相等，這意味著二者在向高模態散射能通量方面具有同等效率。 5 、凸地形上臨界點附近的反射，反射波的波射線能夠延伸到深海和陸架，凹地形上臨界點附近的反射，反射波的波射線很快遇到地形發生二次反射，一般來講二次反射后回到深海的波動其速度剪切並不很強，但是在進行二次反射之前的區域，速度剪切仍然很強，因而內波在凹地形上的反射依然能夠在地形附近區域，產生強的速度剪切區，誘發混合。
  16. Extinction probabilities for the homogeneous birth and death chain in markovian environment with an absorption barrier 0 and a reflection barrier m. 5

    求出了0為吸收壁， m為反射壁的馬氏環境中齊次生滅鏈的滅絕概率。
  17. A secondary rainbow is produced when there are two reflections inside a droplet

    若光線在水滴內進行了兩次反射，便會產生第二道彩虹（霓） 。
  18. In this pattern a new kind of infinite boundary element is developed to reduce wave reflection on the boundary. by this method, a simple and convenient numerical way is worked out and dissipation of the pore press, damping can be taken into account. it can not only solve the problem of material nonlinearity, but also be suitable for the problem of large deformation

    考慮到反射波在計算區域內經多次反射、透射和散射對計算結果可能產生較大的影響，在上述飽和砂土有限元模型的基礎上，建立了一種新的動力無限元計算模型，該模型能滿足工程計算的要求。
  19. When cosmic rays enter the atmosphere, they interact with nitrogen, oxygen and other atoms in the upper atmosphere and produce a large assortment of secondary particles, including radionuclides such as tritium and carbon - 14, neutrons, protons, electrons, mu

    宇宙射線進入地球大氣層后，會與大氣高層的氮氧等原子核發生反應，產生氚碳- 14等放射性核素及中子質子電子介子介子等次級粒子。
  20. When cosmic rays enter the atmosphere, they interact with nitrogen, oxygen and other atoms in the upper atmosphere and produce a large assortment of secondary particles, including radionuclides ( such as tritium and carbon - 14 ), neutrons, protons, electrons, mu

    宇宙射線進入地球大氣層后，會與大氣高層的氮、氧等原子核發生反應，產生氚、碳- 14等放射性核素及中子、質子、電子、介子、介子等次級粒子。
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