毒性標度 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [dúxìngbiāodù]
毒性標度 英文
toxicity scale
  • 毒 : Ⅰ名詞1 （對生物體有害的性質或物質; 毒物） poison; toxin 2 （毒品） drug; narcotics 3 （姓氏） a s...
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 標 : Ⅰ名詞1 [書面語] （樹梢） treetop; the tip of a tree2 （枝節或表面） symptom; outside appearance; ...
  • 度 : 度動詞[書面語] （推測; 估計） surmise; estimate
  • 毒性 : [藥理學] toxicity; virulence; poisonousness毒性測定 toxicity test
  1. Recently, the chinese plant protection agencies reported the growing hardships in controlling some field populations of oriental migratory locust with organophosphate ( op ) compounds. up to now there are more than 600 arthropod species with documented resistance to one or more insecticides and / or acaricides since resistance phenomenon was first described in san jose scale to lime - sulfur in washington in 1908. enhanced metabolic detoxification and reduced sensitivity of insecticide target - sites are the two major mechanisms in resistance development, involving three primary metabolic enzymes of esterases, glutathione s - transferases and cytochrome p450 polysubstrate monooxygenases

    代謝抗性是指對殺蟲劑起水解或隔離作用的酶發生改變，從而對殺蟲劑起到解毒作用，昆蟲主要解毒酶系有酯酶、谷胱甘肽- s -轉移酶、細胞色素p450單加氧酶等，這三種酶系任何一種的組成部分發生改變均會引起害蟲抗性的改變；靶標抗性是指由於殺蟲劑作用靶標敏感度降低而產生的抗性。
  2. Israelensis recombinants, which contained recombinants plasmid pmt4 and pmt9 respectively, were obtained by electroporation. the bioassay results showed that the recombinants b - pmt9 and b - pmt4 had toxicities both to resistant and susceptible c. quinqnefasciatus larvae during vegetative growth stage, having the lc ? o values similar to that of. fi. sssii - 1. however, the toxic levels of the final sporulated cultures of recombinants b - pmt4 and b - pmt9 differed, with a lcso value of 2 49mg / ml for b - pmt9 and little toxicity for b - pmt4 by using the plasmid pmt9, m txl gene from b. sphaericus was ligated with p20 and cytjaa gene, giving recombinant plasmid pmpx2

    含有pmt9和pmt4的大腸桿菌轉化子能表達產生mtx1毒素，發酵液對敏感和抗性致倦庫蚊幼蟲具有中度毒殺作用；含有pmt9和pmt4的蘇雲金芽孢桿菌轉化子b - pmt9和b - pmt4在營養體生長階段對敏感蚊幼和抗性幼蟲也具有毒性，毒力與野生型b . sss - 1相當，而不同轉化子在芽孢形成期的毒力因插入的mtx1基因轉錄方向不同而表現出差異，其中b - pmt4對目標蚊幼毒力極低（ lc _ （ 50 ） 10mg ml ） ，而b - pmt9對蚊幼蟲具有毒性（ lc _ （ 50 ） = 2 . 49mg ml ） 。
  3. The loop sequence of mb1 and mb2 were the anti sense and sense sequence ofing1, respectively the sequence of mb3 was a piece of ssrna sequence in tobacco mosaic virus, which had no analogical to human gene. mbl was the most suitable probe because mbl had the highest fluorescence enhancemen after hybridizing wtth rna extrated froin normal cell

    第三章，根據一種常見的病毒煙草花葉病毒（ tmv ）的核酸序列設計了分子信標熒光探針，由於tmv的遺傳物質是rna ，分子信標又具有很高的特異性和靈敏度，因此感染了病毒粒子的植物葉片在經過簡單處理后，可用分子信標檢測葉片上。
  4. In this paper two - generation reproduction toxicity of fenvalerate, a - cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, and triazophos was tested in a 21d period with water flea, daphnia magna, . the toxicity indicator included longevity, body length, days to first brood, days to first pregnancy, number of youth per female, intrinsic rate of natural increase ( r ), and number of broods per female. accordingly, the dose - response relations and relations between the chronic responses and enzyme levels were investigated

    為了確定水蚤體內生化指標與慢性毒害效應之間的關系，特別是在低濃度暴露狀態下生化指標改變的生物學意義，以便能更準確預測早期農藥對水蚤種群的潛在危害，本文以浙江省常用殺蟲劑氰戊菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、三唑磷和毒死蜱進行了大型蚤（ d . magna ）的急性和慢性毒性試驗（包括子代水蚤的恢復試驗） 。
  5. The appraisal takes the ecology material, the environment material, chemistry material, the toxicology material as the foundation, through the project analysis, the source strong analysis sets a target the pollutant, distinguishes its hazardous nature, the probability, the degree, the scope which the computation risk occurs and so on, the choice appraisal end point, the use appraisal model forecast goal pollutant exposed density, the analysis risk source to the acceptor the harm degree, carries on the risk attribute

    評價以生態資料、環境資料、化學資料、毒理學資料為基礎，通過工程分析、源強分析，確定目標污染物，鑒別其危害性，計算風險發生的概率、程度、范圍等，選擇評價終點，利用評價模型預測目標污染物的暴露濃度，分析風險源對受體的危害程度，進行風險表徵。
  6. The env protein deduced from env gene encodes the hydrophilic surface protein ( su ) and the hydrophobic transmembrane domain ( tm ) that determine the specific interaction between virus particles and cell surface receptors during retroviral entry. the su of retroviruses is a highly variable genetic element, containing receptor binding sites and major antigenic determinants. exjsrv - specific dna probes were derived. by using these dna probes in tissue hybridization. we successfully identified jsrv mrna expression and proviruses dna in sheep lung tissues infected with jsrv and control group has no postive signals, validating the use of exogenous virus - specific dna probes in the analysis of oncogenic proviral integration sites and identification of integrated exogenous proviral sequences

    用地高辛隨機引物法標記exjsrv特異的env片段，制備探針，原位雜交檢測spa肺組織中的rna及前病毒dna ，結果表明spa患羊肺組織內有jsrvenv基因mrna的表達，同時也檢測到了前病毒dna ，而相應的陰性對照卻無陽性信號，證實外源性病毒特異的dna探針在致瘤性前病毒的整合位點和整合的外源性前病毒的檢測中具有可信度。
  7. The resuit indicates : wheil treating siightiy polluted source water of xiang rivet, optimized coagulation will improve the effect of reducing organics remarkably ; gac has good effect in reducing the dbpfp and organics of xiang rivef, but the effect in reducing dbp is more obviously ; the process of " improving gac by optimized coaguiation " can not only has a wonderful result of reduction in dbppp and organics, but also improve the effect of gac evident1y and decreasing the capital cost for a gac facility ; although optimized coagulation increase the quantity of alum dose, but the level of aluminum of treated water will not beyond the standard level ; different processes will have different resu1ts in lessening the amount of organics and dbp, so we should adopt treatment process by considering the requirements of treated watel

    試驗結果表明：在對受到微污染的湘江源水的處理時，強化混凝工藝對于去除有機物具有比較明顯的作用；活性炭吸附技術處理湘江源水時，其對去除水中消毒副產物前體具有明顯的效果，對去除水中有機物效果也很好，但對消毒副產物的去除效果好於對有機物的去除效果；活性炭與強化混凝聯用工藝不僅能更有效地去除水中有機物以及消毒副產物前體，還能增加活性炭的吸附性能，從而減低費用；雖然強化混凝投加了比傳統混凝多的混凝劑，但並不會使出水中鋁離子濃度超標；不同工藝對水中有機物和消毒副產物的去除效果各不相同，應根據出水要求而選擇不同的處理工藝。
  8. They have characteristics of good - looking, high brightness, novel design and glaze softness. the cadmium lead content is much lower than international standard. for hardness and standing high temperature, it can be washed by machine in any hotel or family

    產品具有白度高光潔度好釉面柔和，適宜賓館和家庭使用機械強度高，適宜於機械洗滌熱穩定性能好，適宜於高溫蒸煮消毒含鉛鎘溶出量低於國際標準等特點。
  9. The assay system of the biological activity of lymphotoxin was established using l929 cell as the sensitive target, lt international standard as the positive control and crystal violet staining method to detect viable cell after treated with lt. the best relationship between dosage and effect could be got if the cell seeding density in cell plate was 1. 6 0. 1 104 the dosage of amd was lug / ml, and the starting concentration of dilution in the plate of lt standard was 10 iu / ml with two fold dilution. the credibility of the established system was detected with rhtnfp developed by r & d

    為確定經上述步驟純化后得到的目的蛋自lt 27的生物活性，本研究以l929細胞為靶細胞、淋巴毒素國際標準品為參照，採用結晶紫染色法檢測經淋巴毒素處理后存活的細胞，對淋巴毒素生物活性測定的細胞接種濃度、淋巴毒素標準品板上稀釋的起始濃度和梯度稀釋的倍數、放線菌素d的使用劑量等進行條件實驗后，建立了人淋巴毒素生物活性測定方法。
  10. At present, the study of the fire safety evacuation in the world mainly focus on : ( 1 ) the importance of the model of egress and the ability of modeling predict a obvious tendency of the study is that there will be more behavior details included in the model in the future ; ( 2 ) the influence of the smoke and its toxicity to people which focus on the study of the influence of toxic gases such as carbon monoxide to people who exposed in fire, the test of the visibility of directional and exit signs, the behavior of the occupants in fire and the time they response to the fire ; ( 3 ) the application of the evacuation model in fire safety design, the constitute of performance - based code and building evaluating the purpose of the study of people ' s evacuation is to improve the fire safety design and cut down the number of casualties

    人的生命是寶貴的，因此，世界各國的消防科研主要以生命安全為主，重點研究火災中人員的安全疏散，並提出新的性能化防火設計和性能化防火設計規范，從建築設計入手而保證建築防火設計的可靠性和建築物的火災安全性。目前，國際上對火災安全疏散的研究主要集中在以下方面： （ 1 ）疏散模型的開發和模型預測能力的改進疏散模型方面的研究一個明顯的趨勢就是未來的模型將包含更多的行為細節，注重人的行為的因素。 （ 2 ）火災中人員反應及毒性和煙的影響這一研究主要集中在一氧化碳等有毒氣體對暴露在火場中人員的影響，疏散指示標志的可見度測試，以及火災中人員的行為和對火災的反應等方面的研究。
  11. Once the recombinant virus has been i - dentified, we amplified the p - 1 stock to attain the large scale, high - titer viral stock in order to initiate expression studies. the recombinant angiostatin was produced from spodoptera frugiperda 9 ( sf9 ) insect cells infected by the high titer virus stock we have prepared. the time course for expression of recombinant protein was detected by sds - page and western blot, which can determine the optimal multiplicity of infection ( moi ) and the appropriate time of harvest for the protein

    表達重組蛋白angiostatin ：用制備好的帶有矗s標記的融合性angiostatin基因的高滴度重組桿狀病毒貯存液感染草地貪夜蛾sfg細胞，用sds page電泳和hsternblot對感染不同時間後分泌的重組蛋白做時間表達分析，依此確定最適的感染復數（ moi ）和感染時間，以達到重組蛋白表達水平最適化，而後大規模進行重組蛋白的表達， sds page用來分析重組蛋白， westernblot用來在蛋白表達水平低的情況下檢測表達的特異重組蛋白。
  12. With its double filtering technologies, patented four - stage pressed carbon block filter and ultra - violet light, amway water treatment system was tested by the u. s. standards of nsf ( national sanitation foundation ) and proved effective in removing over 115 organic contaminants and 99. 9 % bacteria and viruses

    安利凈水器各項效能均以美國國家衛生基金會的標準為檢定準則，採用四重高密度粉狀活性碳濾心及紫外光雙重科技，濾除115種有機污染物及殺死水中99 . 9 %細菌、病毒，讓你即時飲用清純潔凈的食水。
  13. The prepared dna electrochemical sensor was used to determine the nature and quality of complementary dna of standard concentration. then the dna sensor was used to diagnose the clinical blood sample containing hepatitis b virus

    利用製成的dna電化學傳感器對溶液中標準濃度的互補dna進行定性和定量檢測，並在此基礎上，將dna傳感器用於臨床乙肝病毒血清的dna診斷。
  14. Level 3 - causes a target to miss 20 % of the time for 4 seconds and slows movement speed by 30 %. doesn ' t stack with orb - based abilities. adds 6 damage to each attack

    三級-使目標有20 %的幾率攻擊落空，降低30 %的移動速度，受到6點/秒的毒性傷害。
  15. Level 2 - causes a target to miss 15 % of the time for 4 seconds and slows movement speed by 20 %. doesn ' t stack with orb - based abilities. adds 4 damage to each attack

    二級-使目標有15 %的幾率攻擊落空，降低20 %的移動速度，受到4點/秒的毒性傷害。
  16. Level 1 - causes a target to miss 10 % of the time for 4 seconds and slows movement speed by 10 %. doesn ' t stack with orb - based abilities. adds 2 damage to each attack

    一級-使目標有10 %的幾率攻擊落空，降低10 %的移動速度，受到2點/秒的毒性傷害。
  17. The results of inhibition of t cells activation assay indicated that activation of t lymphocytes which mainly recognize the different compatibility of class ii mhc molecules was inhibited in different degree due to the inhibited inducible expression of class ii mhc molecules on hela by recombinant adenoviruses containi ng cii ta antisense fragment, showing as decreases in the positive rate and mean fluorescent intensity of cd25 and cd69 expression, which are both signs of activated t cells

    T細胞激活抑制實驗表明：由於重組腺病毒攜帶的反義c11ta片段，不同程度地抑制了hela細胞誘導型mhc二類分子的表達，使主要識別mhc 11類分子相容性不同的t淋巴細胞活化受到不同程度的抑制，表現為t細胞激活標記物cd25和cd69表達的陽性率和平均熒光強度均下降，其中一例cd25陽性率降低17 l ，平均熒光強度降低50
  18. Current school culture is seriously impacted by " standardization " of industrialized society. it makes school culture that should have been full of vigor and variety a standardized culture that just seek for efficiency, quantity and speed

    現時的學校文化深受工業社會「標準化」之毒害，使本擁有生命豐富多彩性的學校文化濃縮為追求效率、數量和速度的「標準文化」 。
  19. To add " the economic activities of hong kong are getting busier by the day and its population keeps growing, and " after " that, as " ; to add " generated " after " amount of waste " ; to add " and trades " after " development of environmental industries " ; to add " and trades " after " comprehensive policy on environmental industries " ; to add " and principles such as polluter - pays to reduce waste generation and increase incentive to recover waste and, at the same time, studying the feasibility of restricting the disposal of toxic waste in landfills, so as " after " producer responsibility scheme " ; to add " the source separation of domestic waste programme as well as " after " comprehensively implementing " ; to add " as well as separation " after " recovery stations " ; to delete " and " after " green procurement policy " and substitute with ", " ; to add " and strongly urging public and private organizations to develop green procurement guidelines " after " to comply with it " ; to add " and labelling " after " green certification " ; to add " as well as establishing a database " after " products and services " ; to add " expediting the tendering exercise for the remaining lots in phase i of the ecopark and expeditiously drawing up a timetable for the granting of lots in phase ii in order to develop high value - added environmental industries ; " after " ; to delete " and " after " related work ; " and substitute with " reviewing the existing legislation regulating environmental industries and trades and actively studying the feasibility of implementing a licensing regime for certain environmental industries and trades, in order to enable a healthy development of such enterprises and, at the same time, avoid causing unnecessary damage to the natural environment and nuisances to the residents in the vicinity ; and " ; to delete the original " and substitute with " ; to add " and trades " after " participate in those environmental industries " ; and to add " and trades " after " promoting the economic development of environmental industries "

    在"鑒于"之後加上"香港經濟活動日益頻繁和人口持續增加， "在"本港廢物"之後加上"產生"在"構成環保工業"之後加上"和行業"在"政府為環保工業"之後加上"和行業"在"生產者責任制"之後刪除" ，以" ，並以"和污染者自付等原則，以減少產生廢物和增強廢物回收意欲，同時研究限制將有毒廢物棄置在堆填區的可行性，從而"代替在"全面推行"之後加上"家居廢物源頭分類計劃和"在"廢物回收點"之後加上"分類"在"遵守， "之後加上"力促各公營和私營機構訂立環保采購指引， "在"環保認證"之後加上"和標簽"在"制度， "之後加上"以及建立資料庫， "在"六"之後加上"加快進行環保園第一期餘下土地的招標工作和盡快制訂第二期計劃的批地時間表，以發展高增值的環保工業"在"相關工作"之後刪除"及" ，並以"七檢討現行規管環保工業和行業的法例，積極研究對某些環保工業和行業實施發牌制度的可行性，令該等企業得以健康發展，同時避免對自然環境帶來不必要破壞和對附近居民造成滋擾及"代替刪除原有的"七" ，並以"八"代替在"具前景的環保工業"之後加上"和行業"及在"推動環保工業"之後加上"和行業" 。
  20. This paper use ga to figure out the complicated scheduling problem ; the main research concentrates on the following several aspects : ( 1 ) by reading a great deal of documents of scheduling problem and ga, the issue that genetic algorithm being adaptive to solve scheduling problem is introduced ; ( 2 ) hybrid genetic algorithm is adopted to solve a multi - objective job scheduling problem on identical parallel machine and a multi - objective job scheduling problem on non identical parallel machine, and the feasibility and validity of the algorithm is approved by numeric experiment ; ( 3 ) based on the heuristic algorithm of maximizing customer ' s satisfaction for single machine, this issue is extended to parallel machine, and then bring forward a heuristic arithmetic and a virus infective hybrid genetic algorithm

    本文應用遺傳演算法求解復雜的生產調度問題；主要在以下幾個方面作了一些研究工作：通過大量閱讀各種生產調度和遺傳演算法的文獻，指出了遺傳演算法適合解決生產調度問題。採用混合遺傳演算法應用在求解多目標等同并行多機問題和多目標非等同并行多機問題，並通過模擬實驗證明演算法的可行性和有效性。在求解極大化顧客滿意數的單機問題的啟發式演算法的基礎上，將此問題擴展為多機問題，提出一種啟發式演算法和一種帶病毒感染的混合遺傳演算法。
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