比例作用系數 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [bǐlìzuòyòngxìshǔ]
比例作用系數 英文
proportional action coefficient
  • 比 : Ⅰ動詞1 （比較; 較量高下、 長短、距離、好壞等） compare; compete; contrast; match; emulate 2 （比...
  • 用 : Ⅰ動詞1 （使用） use; employ; apply 2 （多用於否定: 需要） need 3 （敬辭: 吃; 喝） eat; drink Ⅱ名...
  • 系 : 系動詞（打結; 扣） tie; fasten; do up; button up
  • 數 : 數副詞（屢次） frequently; repeatedly
  • 比例 : 1. （長度上縮小和放大的倍數） scale; scaling 2. （比率） proportion; ratio; proportionality
  • 系數 : [數學] coefficient; ratio; modulus; quotient; factor
  1. Abstract : since the multiple failures situation is not uncommon in the clinical medicine, we explore the use of proportional odds model to the multivariate interval - censored data. the approach is based on the conditional logistic regression, which prevents the complications in the existence of nuisance parameters. the estimation of parameters is obtained by the newton - raphson algorithm. the sandwith estimator for the covariance is made according to the situation where there is correlation in the score statistic. simulations are also presented to assess the accuracy of the procedure

    文摘:探索比例優勢模型在臨床醫學中常見的多結局區間截斷數據中的應用.用條件的邏輯回歸方法避免討厭參數的估計，用牛頓-拉普森演算法估計回歸系數，用"夾心方差"估計量作為參數方差的估計.通過隨機模型檢驗模型應用的有效性
  2. By the check - out, inspection and measurement to start construction the industrial art to this test pile with the examination between stake body mass and bearing power, made sure the stroke reasonable operation method drilling under the dissolved cavern geology term ; the pier foundation loading test expressed the lading and rub the lading that resistance drag a glazing for of relation, and to the borehole cast - in - place concrete pile in the karst terrain deliver with break the mechanism, the characteristic of bearing power, proceeding the spot test job of the full of result ; the test data expresses the stake side friction resistance to rises with a bat batch terminal friction resistance very important function, the of tip of pile resistance drag occupies the proportion very few

    通過對本次試樁施工工藝的檢測和樁身質量及承載力的檢驗，確定了沖擊鉆在溶洞地質條件下的合理使用方法；基樁承載實驗表明了荷載與摩擦阻力之間的關系，並對巖溶地區的嵌巖灌注樁的荷載傳遞和破壞機理、承載力特性，進行了富有成果的現場測試工作；試驗數據表明樁側摩阻和支盤端阻起很重要的作用，樁端阻力所佔比例甚少。這與設計樁基時的計算模式相差很大，承載力也較設計增加；使用力學數值分析方法和有限單元法，對鉆孔灌注樁樁端下的巖體強度和結構穩定性方面進行模擬計算和定量研究。
  3. In this thesis, studies are focused on as follows : ( 1 ) based on analyzing the general transfer - matrix, the conception of the generalized double layer soil model is proposed, and the transfer - matrix ( r ) of half - infinite elastic mass is introduce - d to the analytic expressions of stress and settlement under the uniform circular, rectangular and strip vertical loads in multi - layered soil ; ( 2 ) according to the analytic expressions of the additional stress and settlement under unifo - rm circular in multi - layered soil, rectangular and strip vertical loads, the programs are develop - ed to resolve and debugged. the results show that the programs are correct ; ( 3 ) through calculating the coefficient of additional stress on the central axis of uniform circ - ular vertical loads, under the corner point of the uniform rectangular vertical loads, and on the central axis of uniform strip vertical loads, and the settlement on the center of uniform circular vertical loads and uniform rectangular loads in double - layered soil, the characters of stress and settlement are discussed ; ( 4 ) a case, as an example, is studied with different calculation methods, such as traditional theory, fem. the results obtained are compared

    本文在已有研究成果的基礎上進一步開展了以下幾方面的研究： （ 1 ）在對層狀地基傳遞矩陣法中的總傳遞矩陣分析的基礎上，提出了廣義雙層地基模型的概念，並把半無限體的傳遞矩陣r引入到多層地基在圓形垂直均布荷載、矩形垂直均布荷載及條形垂直均布荷載作用下附加應力與沉降的解析式中； （ 2 ）根據多層地基在圓形荷載、矩形垂直均布荷載及條形垂直均布荷載作用下附加應力與沉降的解析式，編制了程序，調試通過並驗證了其正確性； （ 3 ）通過對雙層地基圓形垂直均布荷載中心軸線上的附加應力系數和荷載中心沉降，矩形垂直均布荷載角點下的附加應力系數和荷載角點沉降及條形垂直均布荷載中心軸線上的附加應力系數進行的計算，探討了雙層地基中的附加應力與沉降特性； （ 4 ）應用本文的層狀地基體系理論對一個工程實例進行了計算分析，並與傳統的計算方法的計算結果和有限單元方法的計算結果進行了對比分析，結果表明利用層狀地基理論計算更能反映地基中附加應力分佈的實際情況。
  4. And the system ' s functions include transporting, warehousing, loading, machining and distributing. secondly, on the base of analyzing relative information in logistics deciding and describing data relations, the technology of cals ( continuous acquisition and life - cycle support ) is selected to manage database, at the same time, some advance techniques of information analysis are put forward in order to get a across - the - aboard and integrated information support. thirdly, according to the system ' s functions, six mathematics models are set up, and the general way to using these models deciding is also gain

    首先描述了系統的組成要素，界定了系統功能（運輸、儲存、裝卸搬運、流通加工、配送） ，給出了系統總體框架；第二，在物流決策信息分析及3pldss數據關系描述的基礎上，選擇cals技術對數據庫進行管理，同時採用先進的信息分析技術為物流決策提供全面、完整的信息支持；第三，根據系統擬實現的功能開發模型庫，建立了六種數學模型，並給出使用模型決策的一般方法；第四，通過3pldss的人機交互系統實現與用戶對話；最後給出了一個比較成功的案例以說明信息系統對于第三方物流的巨大作用。
  5. Then pid flow rate control algorithm is introduced. all experiments made in this chapter are about measuring the valve parameters according to spool positions, single actuator flow rate control by the calculated flow rate feedback control method, free flow rate dividing control under the sufficient pump discharge flow rate situation, proportion flow rate dividing and flow rate dividing based on meter - in flow rate feedback control method under insufficient pump discharge flow rate situation. the results of all experiments proved that the method presented in this thesis is an effective way to overcome the unreasonable flow rate dividing when simultaneously operating multi - actuators with different inertia loads

    第四章介紹了多執行器復合控制實驗系統和實驗方法；介紹了實驗採用的流量控制的pid演算法；並測定了執行器控制閥和閥芯位移相關的系數；做了單個執行器計算流量反饋流量控制、流量足夠情況下多執行器流量任意分配、流量不足情況下多執行器按比例調節流量分配和多執行器進油側流量反饋分流控制實驗；通過實驗說明了論文提出的分流控制方法能實現大小慣性負載復合操作時的合理分流。
  6. The evapration of water area is calculated by et0 multiplied by kc ; and then the evapotranspiration estimation models for other categories ( singular underling surface ) are presented ; based on bare soil and dense grass models the evapotranspiration estimation models for partly grass covered surface is presented combined with vegetation fraction data. it is feasible and logical each categories using singular way and mean, the result of regional evapotranspiration over south ningxia is given

    將水體單獨處理，由參考作物蒸散乘以比例系數直接計算得出水體蒸發；建立了4種單一類型下墊面（裸地區、草地完全覆蓋區、喬木林區、灌叢區）蒸散計算模型；對混合下墊面（草地?裸地區）區域蒸發（散）計算方法使用裸土和草地完全覆蓋蒸發（散）計算模型，然後結合植被覆蓋度給出。
  7. Applying the basic theories of spatial data mining and geomorphology, taking the loess plateau of north shaanxi province, china as the research area, this dissertation explored the theories and systematic structures of geomorphologic data mining and acknowledge discovery from dems, ascertained the systematic structures of topographic factors and synthetic topographic acknowledge, as well as systemically summarized mining algorithms from dems. the author pa id more attention also to analyze the principle and algorithm of flow length, curvature, relief, the earth ' s surface incision and gully density. in this research, the elementary constitutes and mining algorithms of regional character acknowledge in the loess plateau were probed

    本研究在廣泛總結前人研究成果與研究經驗的基礎上，利用空間數據挖掘和地形地貌學的基本理論，以陜北黃土高原多地貌類型區為實驗樣區，以1 10000比例尺dem為樣本數據，探討了dem中地形地貌數據挖掘與知識發現的理論方法和體系結構；確定了宏觀和微觀地形因子、地形綜合特徵知識的體系結構；系統總結了dem基本地形因子的提取演算法，並重點對坡長、曲率、地形的起伏度、切割深度和溝壑密度因子提取的原理與演算法作了深入的分析；提出了黃土高原地區區域特徵知識的基本構成及其系統完整、科學可行的挖掘提取演算法；擴充了arcviewgis軟體平臺中dem空間分析的基本功能；實現了以delphi7 . 0為平臺的地形信息輔助挖掘系統的設計與開發；完成了對黃土高原多地貌類型區（樣區）地形信息空間分異特徵的分析。
  8. Comparing and analyzing the synchronous control strategy, which brings up the new method to control the double un - symmetry jars proceed synchronously with the combination of proportional valve and servo valve, which forms closed loop control ; basing on the above methods, models are made to get mathematics models of position control system and to analyze system model theoretically by using pid controller, we can realize regulating parameters, minimizing synchronous errors and enhancing the dynamic performances ; the simulink tool box in matlab software is used to imitate the system according to the model, which not only makes the result visual and easy to adjust the parameters in interactive way but also lets us understand the effects of different parameters and optimizes the dynamic properties. the theory of plc control in dshp is discussed after advanced understanding of the system movements. hardware design and general regulation are given on the base of siemens company products s7 - 200 plc

    本文根據大量的國內外文獻，對研配液壓機的工作原理及設計結構進行了簡介；對位置同步的控制方法進行了比較分析，提出比例閥和伺服閥復合控制的閉環結構來對非對稱雙缸進行同步控制電液比例同步控制方案；在此基礎上著重對比例閥控非對稱缸建模，最後得到位置控制系統的總體數學模型，從理論上對同步系統動態特性進行了分析，並用pid控制器進行參數整定，減小雙缸同步誤差、提高系統的動態響應性能；其中控制性能的分析藉助于matlab軟體中的simulink工具箱，由已建立的數學模型形成模擬模型，得到可視化的模擬結果，從而利於交互方式下調整參數，了解不同的參數對系統的影響，優化同步系統的動態性能；在深入了解系統的動作特性后，對plc控制研配液壓機的原理進行了探討，針對siemens公司s7 ? 200型plc給出了硬體設計的總體規劃，編制出研配液壓機動作控製程序，在編程中著重研究位移傳感器與plc的通訊、雙缸同步運行的pid控制在plc上的實現及bcd碼撥盤輸入程序的植入問題。
  9. This paper deals with seismic analysis of an immersed tunnel using the travelling wave method the objective of the analysis is to obtain the maximum stresses in the tunnel body and the relative displacements at the joints for design purpose in analysis ， the axial and transverse input waves are treated as two independent waves with different amplitudes and periods the method has been found to have the advantages of simplicity and clearness in physical concepts however ， reasonableness of the prediction by the method depends largely on the input data ， such as the wave amplitude ， the wave length ， the propergation speed of the travelling wave as well as the reaction coefficient of the ground thus ， determination of the input data is discussed in detail finally ， the method is applied to analysis of huangsha - fangcun immersed tunnel across the pearl river in guangzhou

    將行波法應用到剛度較大、分段較多的水下沉管隧道的地震分析中，提出把軸向、橫向兩個輸入波處理為兩個獨立的行波的方法行波法是否符合實際，與輸入地震波的有關參數及地基系數選取有很大關系，作者對此進行了比較深入的討論，使輸入參數的選取簡單、明確，便於對計算結果進行分析與判斷最後應用此法對珠江水下隧道的工程實例進行了計算
  10. Present methods generally based on the statistics of earthquake damage, expert experiences, theory analysis and experimental researches have obvious advantages, disadvantages and certain scopes of application ; ( 2 ) different prediction methods should be adopted against different building conditions, sites, intensity and experiences etc to predict earthquake damage of buildings for prospective accuracy, dependability and availability ; ( 3 ) earthquake damage matrix, which is the foundation of earthquake damage prediction, of 7 kinds of building in the urban areas of zhangzhou city under intensity 6 to 9 has been set up. the damage conditions of different buildings under different intensity are as followings : all kinds of structures are basically intact under intensity 6 ; the reinforced concrete structures are basically intact under intensity 7, but other kinds of structures are destroyed slightly ; the reinforced concrete structures are still basically intact while other kinds of structures are destroyed intermediately under intensity 8 ; the reinforced concrete structures are destroyed slightly, single - story factories and open houses are destroyed intermediately and other kinds of structures are destroyed seriously under intensity 9 ; ( 4 ) the results of earthquake damage predicting of buildings embody the damage when earthquake happens in the future. thus, further identifications and reinforcements should be considered to buildings that will be destroyed intermediately or more under the earthquake with 10 % exceeding probability in future 50 years ; ( 5 ) the direct economic losses caused by damage of buildings resting with the area, structural type, intensity and damage of all kinds of buildings are the main part of the losses of the city in an earthquake ; ( 6 ) the direct economic losses increased progressively toward high intensity by 2 or 3 times

    基於上述研究，得出的主要結論有：建築物震害預測是一個模糊的、系統的、復雜的問題，現有的方法很多一般都是以震害統計規律、專家經驗、理論分析和試驗研究為依據，有其自身的優缺點和一定的適用范圍；應針對不同的建築物條件、場地條件、地震強度和已有經驗等，採用不同的預測方法進行建築物震害預測，以使預測結果達到預期的精確性、可靠性和可操作性；建立了漳州市區7類建築物在6度9度地震作用下的震害矩陣，成為指導抗震防災的重要依據，各類結構的震害情況表現為： 6度地震作用下各類建築物基本完好； 7度地震作用下除鋼筋混凝土結構基本完好外其餘以建築輕微破壞為主； 8度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構仍以基本完好為主而其餘建築以中等破壞為主； 9度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構以輕微破壞為主，單層工業廠房和空曠房屋以中等破壞為主，其餘建築以嚴重破壞為主；建築物的震害預測結果體現了未來地震來臨時的震害程度，在編制漳州市區抗震防災規劃時，對于遭遇50年超越概率10的地震影響發生中等以上破壞的建築物應考慮進行抗震鑒定和加固；由建築物的破壞所造成的直接經濟損失是城市地震經濟損失的主要部分，重慶大學碩士學位論文中文摘要其主要與建築物總面積、結構類型、地震烈度和各類建築物的震害程度有關;不同烈度造成的直接經濟損失按2一3倍向高烈度方向遞增，漳州市區直接經濟損失由6度至9度的比例關系為1 : 2 . 8 : 8 . 6 : 22 . 8 ;遭遇基本地震設防烈度（ 7度）時，漳州市區直接經濟損失約4 . 5億元，無家可歸人員約40000人，且以磚木結構和多層磚混結構的震害損失最大;地震造成的人員傷亡主要與建築物倒塌及嚴重破壞的程度和總面積以及震時的建築物室內人數密切相關，地震時無家可歸人員主要與住宅倒塌、嚴重破壞及中等破壞的程度和總面積以及城市人均居住面積密切相關。
  11. Abstract : biological invasions are a continuous feature of a non - equilibrium world, ever more so as a result of accidental and deliberate introductions by mankind. while many of these introductions are apparently harmless, others have significant consequences for organisms native to the invaded range, and entire communities may be affected. here we provide a survey of common models of range expansion, and outline the consequences these models have for patterns in genetic diversity and population structure. we describe how patterns of genetic diversity at a range of markers can be used to infer invasion routes, and to reveal the roles of selection and drift in shaping population genetic patterns that accompany range expansion. we summarise a growing range of population genetic techniques that allow large changes in population size ( bottlenecks and population expansions ) to be inferred over a range of timescales. finally, we illustrate some of the approaches described using data for a suite of invasions by oak gallwasps ( hymenoptera, cynipidae, cynipini ) in europe. we show that over timescales ranging from 500 10000 years, allele frequency data for polymorphic allozymes reveal ( a ) a consistent loss of genetic diversity along invasion routes, confirming the role of glacial refugia as centres of genetic diversity over these timescales, and ( b ) that populations in the invaded range are more subdivided genetically than those in the native range of each species. this spatial variation in population structure may be the result of variation in the patchiness of resources exploited by gallwasps, particularly host oak plants

    文摘:生物入侵是不均衡世界的一個永恆話題，尤其是當人類有意或無意地引入物種后.很多引入顯然是無害的，但另外一些則有著嚴重的後果，會給入侵地的生物以至於整個生物群落造成影響.本文總結了分佈區擴張的常見模式，概述了它們對遺傳多樣性和種群結構式樣所造成的影響.描述了如何根據以一批遺傳標記所得到的遺傳多樣性式樣來推斷入侵途徑，來揭示伴隨擴張選擇和漂變在形成種群遺傳樣式中的作用.本文對日益增多的群體遺傳學方法進行了總結，這些技術可以用來在不同的時間尺度上推斷種群規模所發生的巨大變化（瓶頸效應及種群擴張） .最後，我們以歐洲櫟癭蜂（膜翅目，癭蜂科，癭蜂族）一系列入侵的數據為例對一些方法進行了說明.從500 10000年的時間尺度上，多態的等位酶位點上等位基因頻率的數據表明: 1 ）遺傳多樣性沿入侵路線呈不斷下降的趨勢，支持了冰河期避難所作為遺傳多樣性中心的作用; 2 ）入侵地區的種群與該物種原產地的種群相比，遺傳上的分化更為強烈.這種種群結構在空間上的變異可能是被櫟癭蜂開發的資源尤其是櫟樹寄主在斑塊上出現變異的反映
  12. The foundation engineering is typical in both excavation depth and scale, on the basis of in - situ investigation, the design optimistic of retaining wall was discussioned in this paper, the mian reseaches including : the using of fem optimazition methods of rods system ; the delvopment of programs for optimazition of imbedding depth of structure based on matlab and for whole design optimaziton of the retaining structures based on ansys, under the two controlling factors of the saft coefficient and the reliability probability about the whole damage of retaining atructure ; the analysis on the m index of soil, the depth of retaining structures imbedded in the rock and the overall optimistic design of retaining structures

    該基礎工程不論在開挖深度還是規模上都很具有代表性。作者在現場調研的基礎上，探討了基坑支護結構設計優化問題。主要研究內容可以歸納為：應用基於m法的彈性地基梁桿系有限元方法；在圍護結構整體穩定性安全系數與可靠性破壞概率兩種控制因素下，編寫了嵌巖深度優化的matlab程序與圍護結構整體設計優化的ansys批處理程序；進行了地層抗力比例系數反算、地下連續墻嵌巖深度優化與地下連續墻結構體系整體設計優化。
  13. Because of this, this text has described the method of routine deterministic analysis which is include mainly : coefficient transmission and bishop method and also described the basic principle of reliability theory, the method and the application that mainly conclude monte - carlo method, reliability index method and statistical analyses, and according to the research on the two method through examples it is suggested that we should adopt reliability method besides deterministic analysis in slope stab ility analyses. for those two methods can refill and check with each other

    基於此，本文對常用定值分析法進行了論述，主要包括：傳遞系數法與畢肖普法；對可靠性理論的基本原理、方法及應用作了論述，主要有：蒙特卡洛法、可靠指標法與統計矩法，並用實例對兩種方法進行對比研究，建議在邊坡穩定分析中除採用定值法外，應同時採用可靠性分析法，兩者相互補充、校核。
  14. Using processed march cylinder, tapered circular mould, u - shaped instrument, l - shaped concrete fluidity instrument and some other testing instruments, and after research and study to physical and chemical property of various raw material. systematic tests have been carried out in respect of consistency between cement and additive, concrete fluidity, concrete filling - up - space and penetration capability and concrete anti - segregation property, basing on prudent and careful analysis to results of 34 - time tests a nd more than 500 data, and with utilization of combined additive, we finally conclude the proper mix design range for the self - densifying high performance concrete with ideal working performance at all respects

    通過加工的march筒、截錐形圓模、 u型儀、 l型混凝土流動儀等實驗儀器以及對各種原材料的物理及化學性能展開詳盡的調查研究，進行了多種材料下的水泥與外加劑相容性、混凝土的流動性、混凝土的填充性和鋼筋通過性、混凝土的抗離析性等系統試驗，在對34組試驗、 500多個數據的詳細認真分析的基礎上，利用復合后的外加劑，得出各項工作性能均較佳的自密實混凝土所用原材料比例范圍。
  15. Second, pid arithmetic that is proved to be mature and have excellent performance by practical application is adopted to deal with various problems which hydraulic proportional system could meet with. in practical control, data acquisition & control card made by advantech co., ltd acts as key element to deal data. this hydraulic - mechanic system integrates the computer technique, hydraulic proportional control and data acquisition technique

    在控制演算法方面，採用在工業實際應用中已經成熟的、在實際應用中經過驗證具有優越性能的pid演算法為基本控制演算法來處理該液壓比例系統所遇到的各種問題（如閥開口為負遮蓋引起的死區問題和系統控制的穩定性問題） ；對于實際的控制，採用集數據採集與控制於一體的研華數據採集控制卡作為核心元件，從而在理論上研究並在實際應用中能體現出該液壓比例控制系統的基本性能。
  16. Based on the system engineering theory, and through detailed analysis of economic techniques of the engineering work plan examples of the common used long span steel truss structures, utilizing the sequenced layer analysis, the current paper will establish the long span engineering work plan index system. also by the fuzzy mathematical principles, it builds multi - layer fuzzy complex mathematics judgment and calculate the weight coefficient of each index by application of fuzzy power duality method ; and based upon the experts investigation method builds each index judgment matrix. finally applying the current popular update system tool - power builder 8. 0 developed the " optimization system of ( construction ) fuzzy work plan " to solve and carry out the multi - layered fuzzy combination judgment ; then step on the analysis and research on the reliability of the optimal solution for further achievement of the final objective of the fuzzy optimization in selecting the construction work plan of long - span steel truss realization

    本文以系統工程學的理論為基礎，通過工程實例對常用大跨度鋼桁架結構施工方案進行詳細的技術經濟分析，運用層次分析法建立起大跨度鋼桁架結構施工方案的指標體系，利用模糊數學原理建立了多層次模糊綜合評判數學模型，採用模糊權重二元對比法計算出各指標的權重系數，並採用專家調查法建立各指標的評判矩陣，利用目前最流行的工具系統- powerbuilder8 . 0編制了《建築施工方案模糊優選系統》求解計算，進行多層次模糊綜合評判；調整權重和隸屬度，對數學模型最優解的可靠性作了進一步的分析和研究，從而達到模糊優化選擇大跨度鋼桁架結構施工方案的最終目的。
  17. The first - order perturbation method correct for forcing decoupling method based on perturbation theory is put forward to decrease error ; iii. the complex modal method is introduced into analysis of non - classical damping systems to eliminate error of forcing decoupling method, and improve the complex modal response spectrum, which can apply to design of non - classical damping systems ; iv. for exerting the energy dissipation capability of each device, a two - step optimum method, whose controlling function is extremum expectation of interbedded displacement, is put forward to optimize the number and position of device ; v. the problem of iterative method applied to analyze energy dissipation systems is indicate, and give some primary advice based on pilot study

    為改善上述缺點，本文進行了以下的研究工作：在忽略耗能器附加質量的基礎上，推導出適用於耗能減震結構的攝動法，減少振型分解法在迭代計算過程中的工作量，加快計算速度；針對運動方程的強行解耦所產生的誤差，根據攝動法原理，對其進行一階攝動修正；為消除強行解耦振型分解法用於非比例阻尼結構分析時產生的誤差，引入狀態空間對系統進行復模態分析，並改進了基於復模態理論的、適用於非比例阻尼結構設計的雙反應譜方法；對于耗能器的數量和位置優化進行了一些探討和研究。
  18. That model use the index sign of rsi ( 40 ) of the market index as the generous character of the system risk, use the single index model of with the non risk property to calculate combination the inside the investment comparison of each property

    該模型以市場指數的rsi （ 40 ）指標作為系統風險的度量，用引入無風險資產的單指數模型計算組合中各資產的投資比例。
  19. In the tracking of whole body, a model is described according to the body shape. using this model, simple and complicated movements such as walking and throwing motion are labeled, and the 2 - d coordinates of joints can be got. at last, the 3 - d positions of joints are obtained by the model of perspective projection combined with the relationship among joints, and human motion is recovered by 3 - d stick model

    在對全身運動跟蹤中，根據人體的形狀特徵描繪了人體區域模型圖，對全身步行及體操動作進行了二維跟蹤和標定，之後再利用攝像機的透視投影模型、人體關節間的骨骼連接關系和比例參數，把關節點在圖像序列中二維坐標恢復為三維坐標，最後用棒狀圖恢復了人體的三維結構。
  20. An example indicates that the updated map, taking on the same data structure with original terrain map and the precision being satisfied with demands of terrain map, can be applied to land planning and mgis used as basic datum

    實例應用表明，更新后的圖形數據結構與原地形圖完全相同，其精度滿足大比例尺地形圖的要求，可作為開采沉陷區土地規劃和建立礦區地理信息系統的基礎圖件。
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