比較光度計 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [bǐjiàoguāngdùjì]
比較光度計 英文
relative photometer
  • 比 : Ⅰ動詞1 （比較; 較量高下、 長短、距離、好壞等） compare; compete; contrast; match; emulate 2 （比...
  • 較 : Ⅰ動詞1 （比較） compare 2 [書面語] （計較） dispute Ⅱ副詞（比較） comparatively; relatively; fair...
  • 光 : Ⅰ名詞1 （照耀在物體上、使人能看見物體的一種物質） light; ray 2 （景物） scenery 3 （光彩; 榮譽） ...
  • 度 : 度動詞[書面語] （推測; 估計） surmise; estimate
  • 計 : Ⅰ動詞1 （計算） count; compute; calculate; number 2 （設想; 打算） plan; plot Ⅱ名詞1 （測量或計算...
  • 比較 : 1 （對比） compare; compare with; contrast; parallel （with）; comparison; by comparison; in comp...
  1. By comparison and analysis of the auto lensmeter used in domestic and abroad, optics theory and foci adjustment method are discussed, the formulation of diopter of glasses is given

    本文通過對國內外同種類型設備的比較和分析，給出了數字查片儀的光學原理和調焦原理，推導了鏡片屈光度的計算公式。
  2. A highly efficient numerical algorithm by using multi - grid method ( mgm ) is introduced to solve the three dimensional field distribution in the present paper. formulae of the restriction and prolongation in mgm computation is deduced, and a 3d program of mgm is accomplished, which can solve the field distributions in electron optical systems for various electrostatic lenses. the 3d field distribution in an electrostatic concentric spherical model is tested with mgm algorithm and an algorithm based on finite difference method ( fdm ) respectively. comparing these two results in view of computational efficiency and computational accuracy, it appears that mgm is superior to fdm in solving electrostatic field distribution for the electron optics problem. this paper shows that the 3d field computation using mgm greatly improves the computational efficiency of field distributions in electron optical systems and shortens the computational time

    本文將一種高效率的數值計算方法? ?多重網格法引入三維靜電場分佈的計算，多重網格法利用限制和延拓可迅速求得滿足精度要求的場分佈.研究了求解各種靜電透鏡電子光學系統三維場分佈的多重網格法程序，驗算了靜電同心球模型的三維場分佈.通過與目前在場計算中常用的有限差分法進行比較，可以看出多重網格法的計算效率和計算精度優于有限差分法.本文表明利用多重網格法計算三維場大大提高了場分佈的計算效率，縮短了計算時間，因此為后續計算打下了良好的基礎
  3. ( 2 ) on - line spectral response measurement is used to make a research on the activation process. the on - line measurement results have been analyzed and the influence excised by cs, o activation on the photoemission property of gaas wafers has been revealed. the properties of domestic and foreign nea phocathodes are compared, and the reasons causing the gap between domestic and foreign phocathodes are discussed

    （ 2 ）利用光譜響應在線測試技術研究nea光電陰極的激活工藝，通過對在線測試的光譜響應曲線進行分析、比較和計算，剖析了激活工藝給陰極光電發射性能帶來的影響，並從性能評估的角度，比較了國內外nea光電陰極的性能，分析了它們之間存在差距的原因。
  4. Comparision of the height accuracy obtained from efp bundle adjustment and forward intersection using simulation space photogrammetric data

    法光束法平差與直接前方交會計算高程的精度比較
  5. This paper introduces a static state directional accuracy of gun measuring technique, on this basement, we has used laser photo - electricity theodolite, and has designed the big gun ' s measuring accessory

    本文首先對坦克炮管靜態定向精度的測量方法進行了較全面地介紹和比較，在此基礎上，選用了激光光電經緯儀，設計了炮管上的測量附件。
  6. Statistics of wave crests with different directional spreading parameters and different directional functions are obtained and discussed. jonswap spectrum and the directional function suggested by mitsuyasu, donelan and wen respectively are employed in the analyses. statistical distribution of wave crest characteristics such as crest length, crest height, and directional angles based on the above - mensioned numerical simulation of 3 - d random waves are analyzed

    以jonswap譜為頻譜，選取光易型方向函數（含三個參數） 、 donelan方向函數以及文氏方向函數等不同的方向函數進行模擬，對得到的波峰形式進行比較，分析了方向函數對波峰長度統計值的影響。
  7. Firstly, we analyze the character of nd : yag, bbo and lbo, for nd : yag crystal and select the nd : yag as the gain medium and lbo as doubling - frequency crystal. ln the theory, analyzing the parameter of the gain medium length, the ratio of the pump - and laser - beam waists. based on the above analysis, we design the resonance cavity

    首先，我們對增益介質的性質和非線性晶體bbo和lbo的一些性質進行了比較，選取nd ： yag作為增益介質， lbo作為倍頻晶體。理論上分析了激光器設計中的一些參數值，如增益介質長度、模式交疊率、最佳倍頻條件，並根據理論分析結果設計了諧振腔。
  8. The blade inner channel cooling is a complex convection - conduction coupling problem. this thesis build a three - dimension. compressible turbulence model, and give a general solve method. with the geometrical model of the glossily rectangle straight channel, the rectangle straight channel with in - line arrays disturb plates, the rectangle straight channel with staggered arrays disturb plates, the rectangle straight channel with slant disturb plates, this thesis compute the flow and heat transfer condition when the cold air path though these channels, and gain the temperature field, pressure field, velocity filed, in addition. this thesis also analyze the influence of the different channel height, the different channel materials, the different channels, and gain the function relation between he nusselt number, friction factor and reynolds number. this thesis is emphasis on the new heat transfer enhancement structure, that is, disturb plates, with the comparison with the glossily channel and channel with pin fins, the heat transfer enhancement effect of the former is better, and the conclusion can be used in the design of aircraft blade

    葉片內部通道冷卻是一個復雜的對流?導熱耦合傳熱問題，本文在分析葉片內部通道冷卻的流動與傳熱情況的基礎上，建立了三維、可壓縮紊流的物理模型，得到了通用的求解辦法；利用不帶擾流片的矩形直通道、帶順排擾流片矩形直通道、帶叉排擾流片、帶傾斜擾流片的矩形直通道的幾何模型，計算了冷卻空氣通過這幾種通道時的流動與換熱情況，得到了各種不同情況下計算區域的溫度場、壓力場、速度場；在此基礎上分析了不同的通道高度、不同的葉片通道材質對葉片內部通道冷卻的影響，並整理得到了各種通道形式下，努謝爾數和阻力因子與雷諾數的函數關系；本文重點研究了新型的葉片內部通道冷卻強化傳熱措施?帶擾流片的內部冷卻通道的強化傳熱效果，通過與光滑矩形直通道、帶針肋通道的冷卻效果的比較，表明了這種新型鮚構的優勢，對于葉片內部通道冷卻結構的設計可以起到指導的作用。
  9. Simultaneously with the micro - displacement started the processe of the grating sensor measuring the displacement and image collection of the system. the grating sensor ( length gauge ) measures the displacement of the dial gauge with surveying rod. it is delivered to the computer with a block k220 in real time and the dial image by ccd camcorder is shown on the computer screen with the image collection card in real time

    在實現微量進給的同時，啟動系統的光柵位移測量過程和圖像採集過程，光柵傳感器（長度計）測得指示表測桿的位移量，由計數卡ik220實時傳送給計算機，由ccd攝像頭攝取的表盤圖像經圖像採集卡在計算機屏幕上得以實時顯示，最後通過對指示表指針位移計算處理與光柵傳感器測量的位移量進行比較，得到指示表受檢點的示值誤差。
  10. Based on the spectral irradiance measured with the sun - atmosphere ultraviolet spectrum radiometer ( sauvs ) developed by the institute of atmosphere physics and the changchun institute of optics and fine mechanics, chinese academy of sciences, measuring the direct and scatter irradiance spectrum of ultraviolet waveband which arrives in beijing global surface, giving a method of retrieving the aerosol optical depth ( aod ) and put up with primary results that exponential function can fit the retrieval results according to its visibility, putting forth different coefficients and functions on variable visibility, also giving a primary analysis on the aod in dust - storm day and some contrast between sun - day and dust - storm day, analyzing the ratio between scatter and total irradiance, and its relationship with atmosphere mass and total atmosphere optical depth, lastly contrasting with the survey results by aeronet beijing station, the results of retrieval is in reason, this work gives some help in researching the co - effect of aerosol - radiance - climate and makes preparation for further survey on the radiance characteristics of dust

    利用中國科學院大氣物理研究所與長春光學精密機械研究所合作研製的太陽?大氣紫外光譜輻射計（ sauvs ） ，測量到達北京地表的太陽直接和散射紫外光譜輻射，導出了大氣氣溶膠的光學厚度。初步結果表明：北京紫外波段大氣氣溶膠的光學厚度在絕大部分情況下隨波長的增加而單調減小，用指數函數可以較好地擬合反演結果，統計得到了三個水平能見度狀況下擬合函數的系數值和公式表達式；初步分析了揚沙、浮塵、沙塵暴天氣條件下氣溶膠光學厚度的特點，並與一般晴朗天氣條件下的氣溶膠光學厚度特點做了比較分析；分析了太陽紫外譜輻射中散射輻射與大氣質量、大氣總光學厚度的定性關系和定量表達式；最後與全球氣溶膠監測網路（ aeronet ）北京站的資料做比對，表明反演結果基本合理。
  11. On the aspect of the research of the rcs computation methods, this dissertation did many work as : it discussed the application of the stationary phase method for the integral of the physical optics and gave the expressions of the stationary phase method based bezier surface for the perfect conduct and coated target ; focused on the application of the stationary phase method, it discussed some important techniques such as the searching of the stationary phase method and the handling of the singularity ; it also discuss the application of the gauss method for verifying the correction of the stationary phase method, and gave their compares of the efficiency and the precision

    在rcs演算法研究方面，本文做了以下研究：討論了在bezier曲面上物理光學積分的駐相法求解，給出了bezier曲面上理想導體和塗敷目標駐相公式；圍繞駐相法的應用，討論了駐相法應用中的一些關鍵的技術問題，包括駐相點的搜索、駐相法的奇異性；為了檢驗駐相法的精度，還討論了gauss積分的應用，給出了兩種方法計算效率和精度的比較。
  12. By successful solution of non - linear magnetic fields and revision of the program, we can reach following conclusions : in the computation of nonlinear magnetic fields, if iteration method is used, under - relaxation is necessary when amending the permeability distribution in soft magnetic materials ; and when < wp = 5 > calculating the equivalent current density in permanent magnets, under - relaxation is not a necessity ; when searching for permeability values by interpolation method on the demagnetization curve of soft magnetic materials, if a fixed saturation point is set, around this point an abrupt change of permeability values will be obtained ; this sudden change may cause a little problem in the smoothness of magnetic field distribution ; because the magnetic circuits of microwave tubes are too complicated, in the author ' s view, to describe the working state of a magnet system, the working points of magnets can not do it properly but average energy production of magnets will serve ; as to indicate the quality of a magnet system design for microwave tubes, the efficiency of magnetic energy utilization will be a very good criterion

    由此得出結論，在非線性磁場計算中：採用迭代法的情況下，在各迭代循環之間進行磁導率修正時，一個欠鬆弛迭代過程是必需的；對永磁體中的等效電流修正時可以不作欠鬆弛迭代；在純鐵的磁化曲線上指定某一個固定的磁感應強度為磁飽和值，會使得插值求出的磁導率在該磁飽和值附近有一突變，這一突變對計算結果中磁場分佈變化的光滑性稍有影響。在微波管磁系統設計中，由於微波管磁路比較復雜，作者認為磁體的工作點並不能很好地反映磁體的工作狀態，而採用平均磁能積為衡量磁體工作狀態的標準更加符合微波管磁系統的實際情況；要表示磁系統設計好壞的程度，則用磁能利用的效率為標準更好。
  13. After the comparing the simulation results with the theoretic results under the three followed condition : a point light source on the parabola reflector focus, a point light on the ellipsoid reflector focus and a point light source before the parabola reflector focus, a conclusion is gotten that the two results are generally accordant, the accuracy of the simulation software reach the engineering requirements and the computational simulation software of photometric characteristics of headlamp of motor vehicles can guide the design of the headlamp reflectors

    比較了點光源位於拋物面反射器和橢球面反射器焦點的情況和點光源偏離拋物面焦點的情況下照度的理論計算結果和採用本文的照度模擬計算結果，其模擬計算結果和理論計算結果基本相符，能滿足工程上的要求，說明模擬計算軟體對前照燈的反射鏡的設計具有很好的指導意義。
  14. Analyzed the relationship between the cloud shortwave radiative forcing and the surface net radiative flux, the results were show by means of chart. the satellite grey values were get form the gms satellite data. analyzing the relationship between the cloud shortwave radiative forcing and the satellite grey values, established five regression equations and discussed them, select the best pattern, by which we can estimate the cloud shortwave radiative forcing

    同時利用gms衛星紅外和可見光兩個通道的數字雲圖資料，經過處理，分別得出雲圖的灰度計數值，分析了短波雲輻射強迫和衛星計數值的關系，並運用回歸方法建立了估算短波雲輻射強迫的五種模式，對五種模式進一步討論比較，得到估算短波雲輻射強迫的可用模式，用於短波雲輻射強迫的估算。
  15. To find the parameters of preparation and annealing process associated with the best electrochromic properties of these films, following researches and experiments were carried out : to compare the visible light transmittance of the colored state with bleaching state of the electrochromic films which were annealed at different temperatures and for different duration, to count the dynamic optical density change, and to test the i - v relations of these films " electrochromic cycles and their colored / bleaching response time

    對經過不同熱處理溫度和不同熱處理持續時間得到的薄膜樣品的著色褪色可見光范圍內透射光譜的比較，計算薄膜動態光密度變化量的大小，測試薄膜著色褪色循環伏-安關系以及薄膜著色褪色響應時間的快慢，尋求到薄膜呈現最佳電致變色性能時所對應的制備參數與熱處理參數。
  16. Both the dielectric layer and metal film were internally deposited on the fiber. it is found that ag is able to engender the highest ir reflectivity among the metal materials, so ag is ascertained as the metal layer material of the hollow waveguide, cop was used in this work as the dielectric material. based on countless calculations, optimum thickness for the deposited films were obtained, namely, 0. 2 / / m for ag layer and 1. 4 fan for the cop layer

    實驗用來制備空芯光纖的基管材料為石英基管；內徑為1mm ；通過理論推導與分析發現：相對于其它的金屬材料而言，金屬銀的紅外反射率最高，因此金屬銀最適合用做制備空芯光纖的金屬膜層的材料；通過比較幾種聚合物的性質確定選擇環烯聚合物cop為電介質層材料；通過理論推導與計算確定了金屬銀膜與電介質膜的最佳理論厚度，即銀膜為0 . 2 m ， cop膜的厚度為1 . 4 m 。
  17. The main work can be summed up as follows : firstly, we studied the thermal - field properties of vcsels, and analyzed the influences of current spreading, material parameters and operating conditions on the temperature distributions. secondly, we began with the electrode voltage and calculated the equipotential s distributions, compared the distributions of voltages and current densities in different depths of vcsels, and then studied the influences of the oxide - confining region with different position or thickness, and the different sizes of the gain - guided aperture and emitting window on the distributions of the injected current density, carrier concentration and temperature in the active region. thirdly, we realized the coupling of electricity, optical and thermal - fields, worked out the threshold voltage, calculated the distributions of the injected current density, carrier concentration and temperature under different offset voltages, and analyzed the impacts of temperature profile and carrier density on the refractive index, fermi levels and optical - field

    具體工作可以概括如下：首先，研究了vcsel的熱場特性，分析了電流擴展，材料參數和工作條件對于溫度分佈的影響；其次，從電極電壓入手，計算出激光器中的等勢線分佈，並對不同深度處的電壓和電流分佈進行比較，研究了高阻區的不同位置和不同厚度、限制層和出射窗口半徑的大小對電流密度、載流子濃度和溫度分佈的影響；再次，實現了電、光、熱耦合，求出了閾值電壓，計算了不同偏置電壓下的電流密度分佈、載流子濃度分佈和熱場分佈，分析了溫度和載流子濃度變化對折射率、費米能級和光場的影響；最後，給出了考慮n - dbr和雙氧化限制層時激光器中的等勢線分佈，分析了n - dbr和雙氧化限制層對vcsel電流密度、載流子濃度、溫度和光場分佈的影響。
  18. The signal testing unit examines directly the production parameter - the belt " s velocity and sends out electrical signal similar to sine wave. the signal handling and analyzing unit disposes of the sensor " s output signal by amplifying, plasticisering a / d transforming and measuring and displays it digitally. after the alarming and controlling unit compares the testing signal with the standard one and analyses, it will show the normal production situation or alarm at the abnormal state and control the related equipments if it is necessary

    信號檢測單元直接檢測皮帶速度，並輸出近似正弦波的電信號：信號處理與分析單元對傳感器輸出信號進行放大、整形、 a d轉換和計算等處理，並進行數字顯示；預警、報警、控制單元將信號與標準信號進行比較，經分析后顯示正常狀態或對異常狀態進行聲、光預警、報警。
  19. The main contents and contributions include : ( 1 ) it has been proposed to uniform the temperature distribution through space modulating the intensity incident on the surface of substrate using a mask the emphasis of this method is to find the laser intensity distribution that can realize the temperature uniformity. the results show that when the mean temperature rise in the processed area is 500 k, the maximum temperature difference is 3. 5 k, which can meet the accurancy requirement of temperature uniformity

    計算結果表明，採用四環帶結構的掩膜板對入射光進行調制，在0 . 2倍光斑半徑區域內平均溫升達到500k時，最大溫差只有3 . 5k （ 0 . 4倍半徑處僅有4 . 5k左右） ，可以在激光微細加工區域得到比較滿意的溫度分佈。
  20. The relationship between wave - front aberration and focal spot size was researched roundly, and the essential connection between focal spot energy shape and wave front gradient distribution was discovered, and a smarter parameter to evaluate wave front aberration was founded. based on this, the wave front aberration tolerance confined by focal spot size requirement was obtained through calculation and statistics method. 2

    比較全面地分析了系統內部波前誤差與光束焦斑尺寸之間的關系，找到了波前梯度分佈與焦斑能量分佈之間的本質聯系，提出了一個與焦斑尺寸關系最密切的波前誤差參數，並採用數值模擬和統計的方法得到了焦斑尺寸限制條件所要求的波前誤差限制條件； 2
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