比較判斷法則 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [bǐjiàopànduànfǎzé]
比較判斷法則 英文
law of comparative judgment
  • 比 : Ⅰ動詞1 （比較; 較量高下、 長短、距離、好壞等） compare; compete; contrast; match; emulate 2 （比...
  • 較 : Ⅰ動詞1 （比較） compare 2 [書面語] （計較） dispute Ⅱ副詞（比較） comparatively; relatively; fair...
  • 判 : Ⅰ動詞1 （分開; 分辨） distinguish; discriminate 2 （評定） judge; decide 3 （判決） sentence; con...
  • 斷 : Ⅰ動詞1 （分成段） break; snap 2 （斷絕;隔斷） break off; cut off; stop 3 （戒除） give up; abstai...
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 則 : Ⅰ名詞1 （規范） standard; norm; criterion 2 （規則） regulation; rule; law 3 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ...
  • 比較 : 1 （對比） compare; compare with; contrast; parallel （with）; comparison; by comparison; in comp...
  • 判斷 : 1 （斷定） judge; decide; determine; estimate; measure; size up; think; pinpoint; tell 2 [邏輯學]...
  • 法則 : rule; law
  1. It consists of eight parts : from part one to part six the following are analysis and studies such as the definition and scope of products both at home and abroad, the definition and norms of judgement of the product defects, the imputation principle of pl, the subject of pl, the pl cause of counterplea, the compensation for damages of pl. etc. in part seven is a brief comparison between responsibility of quote and lawsuit limitation. and a conclusion is drawn from the above seven parts which will gives us some ideas about what we should learn and what will make it perfect for our pl

    第一部分至第六部分依次就中外產品責任法中產品的定義和范圍、產品缺陷的定義和判斷標準、產品責任的歸責原則、產品責任主體、產品責任的抗辯事由、產品責任的損害賠償進行了比較研究並就以上各方面我國產品責任立法必須完善之處分別在各部分進行了闡述；第七部分就產品責任訴訟中的舉證責任和訴訟時效進行了簡略的比較；結語部分就上述七部分我國產品責任法的可供借鑒之處和完善進行了結論性的綜述。
  2. The current public prosecution mode in our country took shape from the past whole case - examine mode in the base of the thinking to get ride of the drawbacks in the past. in practice, it has not only become effective and cause out a lot of new defaults, for example, the definition of the main evidence is not clear, the transfer range of the case files is unclear and the stipulate of the examine consequence is not enough. in order to reform and perfect the current public prosecution mode, we should regard the theory of the public prosecution as guide, combine our country ' s conditions, on methodology jump out of the circle relatively drawing lessons from the past, on the procedural theory, change the idea that the forejudge caused from the substantive examination and clarify the objective fact the current public prosecution include the essential substantive examination, in practice regard legitimacy, rationality and flexibility as the principle of law enforcement before the law to revise, in legislation define the concept of the main evidence clearly, add the regulation to dispatch the examine judge and the trial judge, regulate the treatment methods after examination and revise some rules about the summary procedure

    以公訴審查制度的訴訟理念為指導，結合我國的國情，對現行公訴審查模式的改革和完善，在方法論上跳出以往比較借鑒的圈子；在訴訟理念上改變過去庭審法官預斷必然緣于實體性審查的觀念，以澄清現行公訴審查模式包括必要的實體審的客觀事實；在實踐中以合法性、合理性和靈活性作為立法修改前的執法原則；在立法上明確界定主要證據的范圍是對證明犯罪是否成立起主要作用或有重要影響的證據，其中既包括有罪證據也包括無罪證據，增加規定公訴審查法官與正式庭審法官分立制度，補充規定對公訴審查后開庭審理之外的其它情況的處理方法以及對於人民法院在審理過程中發現不宜適用簡易程序的，取消原刑訴法應當按照一般公訴案件適用的普通審判程序重新審理的規定，改為由審理該案件的獨任審判員以外的審判員重新組成合議庭對該案件進行重新審理等。
  3. Based on the comprehensive research on the theory and practice of insider trading in foreign countries, hong kong and taiwan, the thesis puts foreword that the assumed liability system shall be applicable to insider trading in line with the general tort theory. in consideration of the constitutional elements, the thesis also brings forward that the damage facts shall be measured by actual loss, the deduction of cause and effect : relationship shall be regulated in line with law, and that the existence of default shall be inferred from the strict objective standard

    在對國外和我國港臺地區關于內幕交易民事責任理論和實踐進行綜合比較的基礎上，本文依據侵權責任的一般理論，提出內幕交易侵權責任應適用過錯推定責任原則，在內幕交易民事責任要件方面提出以實際可得財產損失確定損害事實、以法定的推定方式證明因果關系、以嚴格的客觀標準來判斷過錯存在的基本作法。
  4. The improvement of the news report on abrupt affairs has become a hot topic. this paper is divided for three parts to discussion and analyse the abrupt affairs report. the first part mainly compared the abrupt affairs report of chinese and foreign country in five aspect : the concept, contents of report, the way of writing, technique of expression and its influence. the second part emphasizes on the ability of intuition judgment need for catching abrupt affairs. the final part of the article focus on the characteristics, principle and requirements of the abrupt affairs report

    本文分三部分進行探析：第一部分主要從觀念、報道內容、寫法、表現手法以及對受眾的影響程度等五個方面對中外突發性事件報道進行比較；第二部分著重圍繞記者對突發事件的捕捉需要直覺判斷能力等兩個方面進行論證；文章的最後部分，重點從突發事件的特點、原則、要求三個方面進行研究。
  5. Firstly, this discourse defines the concept of vicarious liability of employers ; clarifies the characteristics of this system by comparison with other systems and describes the theoretical basis in stress. secondly, this discourse brings forward that, the principle adjusting the vicarious liability of employers shall a combination of doctrine of tort liability under the standard liability " s direction and doctrine of no - fault liability

    其次，運用比較分析的方法，在對不同立法類型和學說分析和評價的基礎上，提出僱主轉承責任的歸責原則應為本位責任指導下的過錯責任和無過錯責任相結合的原則，僱主轉承責任構成必須具備的四個要件，並詳細闡述了四個要件的判斷標準。
  6. In accordance with the technological difficulties encountered in the process of insulation supervision based on the dissolved gases analysis ( dga ), several kinds of model and method are presented to improve the reliability and precision of fault diagnosis of the power transformer. main research content includes : by deeply studying the common transformer faults diagnosing methods, such as three - ratio methods and improved electrical committee agreements, several shortcomings such as uncertainness judgment when the fault reasons, phenomenon and principles come out together while can not consistent to each other etc. for this reason, the old methods can not fully meet the need to engineering practical application. considering fuzzy relationship matrix can fully represents the causality between fault symptoms and fault types, when diagnosing complex equipments with multiple symptoms and fault causes such as power transformer, a synthetic fuzzy diagnosing model is firstly proposed to diagnose transformer ' s insulation faults based on dga in this paper

    本文針對應用油中溶解氣體分析方法進行變壓器絕緣監督時所遇到的主要技術難點，提出了提高變壓器故障診斷的準確性、可靠性的幾種模診斷方法，主要研究內容有：通過對判斷變壓器故障常用的三比值法和改良電協研法的深入分析，其診斷準確率較高，但對故障原因、故障現象和故障機理間同時存在不確定性和模糊性的變壓器等電氣設備的故障診斷，難于滿足工程應用的需要；在處理變壓器等結構復雜設備的多癥狀、多原因故障診斷時，模糊關系矩陣可以全面反映這種癥狀與故障類型間的因果關系，進而提出了變壓器故障診斷的模糊綜合診斷模型；同時作者還深入分析了模糊運算元的特性；針對常用的模糊評判結果的模糊集的集化方法的不足性，提出了將模糊綜合診斷與模糊規則推理結合起來進行故障診斷的方法，能達到較好的效果。
  7. Entropy of an image is to express the smoothness or homogeneity of the image. while computing in a local window, if there exist edges, the local image will not be homogenous, variation of the grayness will be sharp and the entropy obtained will be low. otherwise, the entropy will be high. given the threshold of entropy, it can be determined whether or not exist edges. because entropy operator is sensitive to noise, the effect is bad if it is directly used to detect edges. in view of the deficiency, the paper comes up with an edge detection method in which entropy operator is combined with noise removal. if the entropy computed is higher than the threshold, it will be necessary to determine whether it is caused by noise or by edges. thus edge detection and noise removal can be made at the same time. with this method satisfactory effect has been achieved by experimenting upon image with low ratio of signal to noise

    圖像的熵用來刻劃圖像的平滑性或均勻性.在圖像的局部窗口中計算時，如果窗口中存在邊界，則窗口中的圖像不均勻，其灰度變化急劇，計算出的熵小；反之熵大.設定熵的閾值，即可判斷是否存在邊界.由於熵運算元對噪聲很敏感，直接用它進行邊界檢測，效果很差.文中針對這一缺陷，提出將熵運算元與去噪相結合的邊界檢測法，如果計算出的熵大於閾值，要判斷是噪聲的出現所引起，還是邊界的出現所引起，這樣，邊檢測邊界邊去噪聲.用該方法對信噪比較低的圖像進行實驗，得到了滿意的效果
  8. Especially, in the latter model, the matched degree of system space and mission is taken as standards. and we also establish an index system and a model of c4isr system efficiency analysis correspondingly. after then some methods and algorithms are introduced, which include the principles and the method of choosing efficiency index and parameter index, the method of index filtering, the method of determining index function relation, the revising algorithm of ahp weight and the sort algorithm of judgment matrix

    作者對國內外c ~ 4isr系統效能分析的主要方法進行了比較分析，提出了一種以指標體系為基礎的層次效能評估靜態模型和以系統空間與使命的匹配程度為目標的動態評估模型相結合的評估思想，建立了c ~ 4isr效能分析指標體系與模型，給出了性能指標與參量指標選取的原則與方法、指標篩選方法以及指標函數關系的確定方法、 ahp的權值修正演算法、含灰元的判斷矩陣排序演算法等。
  9. The method of using expert system and fuzzy theory in fault diagnosis for substation is brought out in this paper by comparing power system fault diagnosis methods and principles in our country and foreign countries. we study mainly the expert system whose knowledge base has many features and advantages and bring out the method of dealing with the uncertaingtity by fuzzy theory

    =本文通過比較國內外電力系統故障診斷方法和故障判斷原則，提出了將專家系統和模糊理論用於變電站故障診斷的方法? ?主要以研究專家系統為主；對用模糊推理來處理不確定信息進行了初步的探討。
  10. In various public interest system of departmental laws, because the attention of public interest paid by anti - dumping law is more macroscopic, so as to measure the gain and loss of the whole social interest, therefore it seems necessary to establish and complete public interest clause in the anti - dumping law. and the public interest clause in anti - dumping law means while taking anti - dumping measure, can ’ t only consider the interest of the domestic industries which are damaged, should pay attention to and consider public interest generally especially interest of industry users and consumer then estimate synthetically that interest. the public interest in anti - dumping law is interest of country ( or the region ) including the manufacturer, importer, downstream industry users, consumer, and so on

    本文首先對「公共利益」的涵義進行了解析，公共利益原則指的是在實施反傾銷措施時要對涉及的各種利益進行總體上的權衡判斷，然後做出有利於實現利益最大化的決策;進而闡述了公共利益條款在實施反傾銷措施中的作用以及將其納入反傾銷立法中的必要性;接下來對歐盟、加拿大、美國等國家反傾銷制度中的公共利益條款從理論、實踐上加以闡述、分析、比較研究，明確其優缺點;最後，針對我國反傾銷立法中存在的問題，提出對公共利益條款進行完善補充的具體建議。
  11. We investigate the decision - making problem with a finite set of alternatives, in which the decision information takes the form of a fuzzy preference relation. we develop a simple and practical approach to obtaining the priority vector of a fuzzy preference relation. the prominent characteristic of the developed approach is that the priority vector can generally be obtained by a simple formula, which is derived from a quadratic programming model. we utilize the consistency ratio to check the consistency of fuzzy preference relation. if the fuzzy preference relation is of unacceptable consistency, then we can return it to the decision maker to reconsider structuring a new fuzzy preference relation until the fuzzy preference relation with acceptable consistency is obtained. we finally illustrate the priority approach by two numerical examples. the numerical results show that the developed approach is straightforward, effective, and can easily be performed on a computer

    研究了決策信息以模糊偏好關系給出的有限方案決策問題，提出了一種簡潔且實用的模糊偏好關系排序方法.該方法首先建立一個二次規劃模型，然後基於該模型推導出求解模糊偏好關系排序向量的一個簡潔公式.基於獲得的排序向量，利用一致性比例對模糊偏好關系進行一致性檢驗.對於一致性較差的模糊偏好關系，則需反饋給決策者重新進行判斷，直至得到一個一致性可接受的模糊偏好關系為止.最後，利用2個算例對該方法進行分析和說明，數值結果表明該方法簡潔、有效，且易於在計算機上操作
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