比較成本差異 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [bǐjiàochéngběnchāyì]
比較成本差異 英文
comparative cost diference
  • 比 : Ⅰ動詞1 （比較; 較量高下、 長短、距離、好壞等） compare; compete; contrast; match; emulate 2 （比...
  • 較 : Ⅰ動詞1 （比較） compare 2 [書面語] （計較） dispute Ⅱ副詞（比較） comparatively; relatively; fair...
  • 成 : Ⅰ動詞1 （完成; 成功） accomplish; succeed 2 （成為; 變為） become; turn into 3 （成全） help comp...
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 差 : 差Ⅰ名詞1 （不相同; 不相合） difference; dissimilarity 2 （差錯） mistake 3 [數學] （差數） differ...
  • 異 : 形容詞1 （有分別; 不相同） different 2 （奇異; 特別） strange; unusual; extraordinary 3 （另外的;...
  • 比較 : 1 （對比） compare; compare with; contrast; parallel （with）; comparison; by comparison; in comp...
  1. But in the second phase, all of these theories can still be categorized into 4 kinds : dynamic comparative advantage theories, such as the new factors theories by baldwin and kenen, the life - cycle theory by vernon and hirsh, etc ; intra - industry trade theories such as product differentiation model by stiglitz and dixit, the strategy trade theory by spense, brander and krugman, and so on ; the endogenous trade theory such as technology overflow effect and learning curves theory by romer and krugman, the neo - classic trade theory by tucher and young, and the like ; and the competitive advantage theory by michael porter

    在這一時期，經濟學家們提出了形形色色的理論，出現了「百家爭鳴」局面。基本上可以歸于以下四大類型:一是動態的比較優勢理論;二是產業內貿易理論;三是內生國際貿易理論;四是競爭優勢理論。各個階段的比較優勢理論有其時代特點，但一個共同點是:比較優勢始於成本差異，並一直沒有突破成本差異，而不考慮產品的附加值。
  2. Secondly, based on the microbeam analytical technique, on the one hand, through investigating the characteristic of major elements in the mantle minerals the author acquired the static information from mantle ; on the other hand, through multi - point analysis of a part of the minerals from mantle, the auther got dynamic information from mantle. finally, generalizating the fruits of this study and predecessors, the autor holds that the constituents of lithospheric mantle possibly includes spinel lherzolites, clinopyroxenites, websterite, dunite, harzburgites, garnet lherzite, phlogopite lherzite, eclogites, clinopyroxene megacrysts ; compared with east china and north china platform, the research field mantle shows the characteristics of higher degree of partial melting processes and more depleted mantle ; the. upper mantle beneath north hetian area is heterogeneous, with a tendency of deficit in a12o3 and lree from kaliyang in west hetian to the river basin of kalakshi river and yulongkashi river ; the subduction of the crust beneath north hetian has ever occurred in geological history and caused the mixing of mantle - crust ; the depth of the origination of basaltic magmas beneath north hetian exceeds 73km ; the thickness of the lithosphere beneath the research area amounts to 204. 9km ; the mantle beneath north hetian has geological condtions for forming diamond deposits

    最後，綜合本區幔源礦物和地幔巖石的特徵以及地球物理資料，得出如下結論：本區上地幔的物質組成有尖晶石二輝橄欖巖、二輝巖、單斜輝石巖、純橄欖巖、方輝橄欖巖、石榴石二輝橄欖巖、金雲母二輝橄欖巖、榴輝巖；與中國東部以及華北地臺上地幔相比，研究區上地幔具有富集主元素中相容元素和虧損其中的不相容元素的特徵，局部熔融程度較高；上地幔存在橫向和縱向的不均一性，從西部的克里陽到喀拉喀什河和玉龍喀什河流域， al和lree富集程度呈下降趨勢，不同來源的相同礦物中主元素的含量差異較大；地質歷史時期這里可能發生過地殼俯沖並產生殼幔混合作用；玄武巖漿的起源深度73km ；從幔源重砂礦物的溫壓估算結果，可以推斷出巖石圈厚度可達204 . 9km ；綜合巖石圈物質組成特徵、巖石圈熱狀態、地幔溫壓狀態、氧逸度以及幔源巖石和幔源礦物的化學成分，認為研究區具備了金剛石成礦地幔地質條件。
  3. The differences can mainly be found in those aspects of the constitutionalism consciousness, such as the cognition base about humanity, key idea and how to promote the constitutionalism consciousness etc. meanwhile, it is stated in this article that we should have a correct acknowledge about our internal traditional culture, and always stick to the internal national conditions, avoiding to partially focus on the inlandish development or to partially transplant the western constitutionalism consciousness when we foster our constitutionalism consciousness

    在比較研究部分，文章認為：由於生成機制和背景不同，中西方憲政意識存在著重大的差異，具體表現為：憲政的人性認識基礎不同、憲政意識的核心理念不同、推進憲政意識的理念方式不同等方面。建設中國的憲政意識，必須正確認識本土文化傳統，避免片面地注重本土文化或片面地追求西方憲政意識移植的傾向，必須始終堅持立足於本國國情。
  4. Injected group, 0. 1 % saccharin ( 1. 5 ~ 2ml / rat, in 5min ) intraoral infused group and cta group. the expression of endogenous leucin - enkephalin ( lek ) in the rat brain was observed and 5 parts of the thalamus including laterodorsal thalamic nucleus ( ld ), lateral part of mediodorsal thalamic nucleus ( mdl ), ventroposterolateral thalamic nucleus ( vpl ), ventroposteromedial thalamic nucleus ( vpm ) and reticular thalamic nucleus ( rt ) were comparatively researched before and after the acquisition of cta applying lek - immunocytochemistry. in behavioral experiment, 18 adult male sd rats were divided into normal cta group ( control ) and 2 naloxone i. p

    為探討cta形成過程中enk的作用，本實驗用成年雄性sd大鼠35隻，分為空白對照組、生理鹽水（ 2體重）腹腔注射組、 0 . 15mlicl溶液（ 2體重）腹腔注射組、 0 . 1糖精溶液口腔灌流組（ 1 . 5 - 2ml只， 5min ）和cta建立組，採用免疫細胞化學方法，觀察了亮腦啡肽（ lek ）陽性神經元在大鼠腦內的分佈情況，並比較了各組大鼠丘腦外側背核（ ld ） 、丘腦內側背核外側部（ mdl ） 、丘腦腹后外側核（ vpl ） 、丘腦腹后內側核（ vpm ）以及丘腦網狀核（ rt ）等5個腦區內lek表達水平的差異；另外將成年雄性sd大鼠18隻，分為正常cta建立組以及在cta建立前或cta建立后阿片受體拮抗劑納洛酮（ 2mg kg體重）腹腔注射組，對內源性阿片樣物質對于cta建立和保持的影響進行了行為學研究。
  5. Based on the practice of gs feed company ltd. and expert discussion method, this thesis researches into the critical successful factors of feed industry, analyses the five competitive forces in the feed industry, compares the competitive terms of gs feed company ltd. and its existing major competitors, and discovers the competitors " unadaptable strategies, i. e. over segmentation of market, excessive capacity of a single feed mill, and diverse competition, which result from the change in the prerequisites for their competitive strategies

    本文是作者多年實踐的總結，是通過對gs公司的銷售實踐，以專家討論法研究了飼料行業成功的關鍵因素，分析了產業的五種競爭作用力，比較分析了gs公司和現有主要競爭對手的競爭條件，發現競爭對手公司的戰略的前提條件發生了變化帶來戰略的不適宜，即過度細分、過大的單廠產能、差異化競爭。
  6. Through the application of abc ' s method of the automobile frame department, it compare different cost accounting systems in the automobile frame department, analyses the cost variance of the products, and finds out the questions existing in management now

    通過車架作業部abe方法的運用，對車架作業部不同成本核算體系進行比較，分析產品成本差異，揭示現有成本管理中存在的問題。
  7. According to the theory and study methods of comparative economic geology, the ore - forming geological background, geological feature, the elements geochemistry, the metallogenic geochronology about the two ore deposits and rock - bodys are systematic analysed, compared, and researched by means of new measure and assay technique. jianchaling nickel sulflde deposit is stress investigated in order to study similarities and differences between the two deposits in mineralization background, geochimistry, and metallogenesis, also to find the reasons for these, discuss the regularity of formation and distribution for the type deposit, and guide its exploration

    本次工作依據比較礦床學的研究思路，在重點剖析煎茶嶺鎳礦床成礦地質、地球化學特徵的基礎上，採用新的分析測試技術手段，對這兩個巖漿硫化鎳礦床從成礦地質背景、巖體及礦床地質特徵、地球化學及成礦作用年代學等角度進行系統分析、比較和研究，找出二者的共同性和差異性，進一步更深刻地認識其成因並探討該類礦床形成與分佈的規律性以指導找礦。
  8. In this paper, phylogenetic relationship of 13 species involved in 6 genera of cruciferae wer e carried out through both the clones of homologous sequences with the primers designed on the basis of conserved regions of cyp86mf gene in cytochrome p450 gene superfamily and the differential analyses of them. meanwhile, complete sequences of some genes in cytochrome p450 gene superfamily were isolated and identified by smart pcr - race strategy, and expressed in e. colt. the results were as follows : ( 1 ) isolated by pcr from 11 species of cruciferae, eleven homologous gene segments that deduced amino acids were identities of over 80 % at nucleotide sequence level and similarities of over 70 % at amino acid sequence level

    本論文以已知的細胞色素p450基因超家族成員cyp86mf基因的保守區設計引物對十字花科重要蔬菜作物的6個屬13個物種進行了同源序列的分離克隆，通過核酸序列的差異比較分析，研究了該基因在不同物種中的進化關系；同時，通過保守引物的pcr擴增和race相結合的方法對十字花科植物不同物種的細胞色素p450基因家族成員基因全長進行了分離克隆、鑒定和原核表達的研究，獲得如下研究結果： （ 1 ）通過pcr從十字花科植物不同物種中擴增到11個可以推導出完整氨基酸序列的同源片段。
  9. The behave and harm of insider control in state enterprise is discussed. the reason of insider control is analysed, me chain of consign and the lack of proprietor the unmatching of residual control and proceeds ; the deficiency of inspiring with manager ; the disfigurement of supervision and restriction etc are the reasons of insider control. the advice of controlling insider control is discussed from the angle of game theory, and think that big shareholders of enterprise have more power to supervise operator. in order to settle the question of insider control, the bestiring and inhibiting of manager should be consolidated. the superiority of employees in enterprise is emphasized in controlling insider control. the paper puts forward a new model to measure intrinsic value of human capital of manager, the compenhensive valuation metrix to decide the efficenncy of management and performance adjustment of human capital of manager

    這是本文研究的意義所在。本文論述了我國國有企業內部人控制問題的表現和危害，比較了我國國有企業與國外企業的內部人控制問題的差異及特點。在分析委託代理鏈冗長及所有者缺位、經營者剩餘控制權和剩餘收益權不匹配、對公司經理人員的激勵嚴重不足、監督約束機制不健全等是形成國有企業內部人控制的主要原因的基礎上，從博弈論的角度探討控制內部人控制問題的政策建議，認為股權集中的大股東有更強的動力去監督目標公司，解決內部人控制問題在於強化對經理人員的約束、激勵。
  10. The study reaches a conclusion that : ( 1 ) among all the factors that influence the administrative competence of female cadres, the following factors are respectively strong : governing, planning, and communication ; while other factors like job adaptation and self - control, role cognition and direction in emergency are relatively weak ; ( 2 ) the administrative competence and the factors that influence the competence differ distinctively with the gender

    本研究的結論是： （ 1 ）女幹部行政領導能力的構成因素中，授權指揮能力、計劃工作能力、溝通上下的關系能力、溝通部門的關系能力等四個方面的能力比較強；職業適應能力、自我能力一般；角色認知能力、應急監控能力相對較弱。 （ 2 ）幹部的行政領導能力及其影響因素在性別上存在明顯的差異。
  11. Five criteria are used to assess wisdom - related knowledge : ( a ) rich factual knowledge about the fundamental pragmatics of life ; ( b ) rich procedural knowledge about dealing with the fundamental life matters ; ( c ) life - span contextualism : understanding of life contexts and their developmental relations ; ( d ) value - relativism : knowledge about the differences in values and life goals ; and ( e ) uncertainty : knowledge about the relative uncertainty of life and its management

    本研究採用柏林智慧範式的理論與研究程序，對我國成年人的生活規劃能力進行評價。研究的主要目的在於：探討柏林智慧範式在中國文化下的適用程度；比較不同年齡階段的成年人智慧行為（實際生活規劃能力）的差異；並且就相關的研究結論作出跨文化比較。
  12. Taking the population calculated from the basic seedlings formulas self - drafted of the dry - land seedling - raised on plastic trays ( dpt ) with scattered - planting in double - season rice as the middling population, one population of the higher and the lower were set respectively, and the yields and yield formations of these different basic populations were compared

    摘要以自擬基本苗公式計算出的苗數為中等群體，設置上下水平基本苗數各1個為對照，比較了早、晚稻塑盤早育拋栽不同群體起點產量及其形成的差異。
  13. First, this paper gives an introduction of some methods of unequal probability sampling, their estimators and variance estimators, including sampling with pps with replacement, methods of sampling without replacement suggested by brewer, durbin, sampford, des raj, murthy, rao - hartley - cochran. then, at the basis of rao and bayless ' s study, we consider that population can be splited two random subpopulations, which are respectively drawn from different infinite super - populations, and compare the stabilities of estimators of the methods that given above. we find that the minor difference between two super - populations has great effect on the efficiency of the estimators for the population with moderately large coefficient of variation ( c. v. )

    本文首先從理論上介紹了若干種不等概率抽樣方法，它們的估計量、估計量的方差及其估計，其中包括有放回ppz及pps抽樣，不放回不等概率抽樣中的brewer 、 durbin 、 sampford 、 desraj ， murthy 、 rao - hartley - cochran等人的方法；其次，在rao和bayless兩人就樣本單元數n = 2的情形對上述抽樣方法進行比較的基礎上，將總體隨機地分成兩個子總體，視每個子總體取自不同的線性超總體，在文中，我們利用計算機實現隨機分組，並通過畫圖比較各方法估計量的穩定性，結果表明，對變異系數c . v . （ x ）較大的總體而言，兩個超總體之間的微小差異將對估計量的穩定性產生很大的影響，從而說明rao和bayless的比較結果還不夠完善。
  14. Some thinking that is about the synergy of the since and technology business has been given. the gene theory has also been used in this article in order to describe the reason that the resources looks as same as in enterprises with different competence, is the difference between the gene structure

    本文在研究中還借用了生命的基因結構理論，把中小企業核心能力關鍵要素比作生命的基因，較為形象地說明了資源組成在表面上看似毫無差異的企業，但由於「基因結構」不同，會表現出了完全不同的競爭力。
  15. Culture diversity such as peoples " assumptions, values and beliefs, communication and negotiation styles sometimes block the way of efficiency and accuracy of cross - cultural communication. in this dissertation, i try to explore the culture diversity in intercultural communication and the new area of intercultural competence training, focusing on the interpretation and analysis of the reason which cause culture conflict during the process of intercultural communication, as well as do some comparative study of intercultural communication training models in order to learn from the outside world and gain some experience in intercultural training in china

    本文擬對跨文化交往中的文化差異這個在全球化浪潮中日益受到重視的話題作一番理論上的探討和實踐上的關注，並借鑒國外一些比較成熟的跨文化培訓模式，通過分析虛擬或真實情境的典型案例中的文化沖突的原因，挖掘出隱藏在其中的深層的文化意識，培養對文化差異的寬容和認同，找出矛盾解決的途徑。
  16. Comparative cost difference

    比較成本差異
  17. The classical theories thought the difference in technology leading to difference in cost, which is the reason of the trade. the later scholars such as posner and vernon also put the difference in technology to one of direct reasons for the international trade. the theory on this field is so many just as a hot topic

    古典貿易理論中，技術差異是比較成本差異的原因，比較成本差異導致國際貿易的發生;波斯納、弗農的理論在肯定古典理論觀點的同時，還提出比較技術優勢，將技術差異看作國際貿易的直接原因之一。
  18. This paper analyzes on the phenomenon of the low price competition of some chinese export products at present, and advances that the enterprise based on the comparative cost should adopt the strategy of combining product difference strategy and the low price strategy, and should change the competitive concept to deal actively with the market competitors

    對中國目前某些出口產品的低價競爭現象進行了分析，指出以比較成本為基礎的企業應該採用產品差異化戰略和低成本戰略相結合的策略，轉變競爭觀念，積極應對市場競爭。
  19. Qingdao haier has to strengthen management in order to make the conversion successful. the paper analyzes qingdao haier ' s operation status and financial status in 2001, analyzes its competitiveness and the impact of the change of environment on it, points out the problems existing in its capital structure, forecasts its income and earning before interest and tax in 2002, and compares convertible bond with stock and bond with respect to individual capital cost, overall capital cost, differential cash flow nud earning per share, and draws the conclusion that convertible bond is the best choice for haicr. the paper continues to systematically design convertible bond for haier and evaluate the convertible bond using the option pricing model

    本論文分析了青島海爾有限公司2001年的經營狀況和財務狀況，分析了青島海爾有限公司的競爭優勢以及它所面臨的環境變化的影響，指出了青島海爾有限公司資本結構上存在的問題，然後根據公司的發展戰略及公司2001年的各種財務比率，預測公司2002年的收入及息稅前利潤，並從個別資本成本、綜合資本成本、差異現金流量和每股收益等方面對青島海爾有限公司增發新股融資、可轉換債券融資及企業債券融資三種融資方式進行了全面細致的比較分析，最終得出青島海爾有限公司以可轉換債券融資是最合適的。
  20. As the project progresses, you can identify cost variances by comparing baseline costs to scheduled costs

    項目進展過程中，可以通過比較目前規劃成本和比較基準成本來確定成本差異。
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