民事審判體制 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [mínshìshěnpàntǐzhì]
民事審判體制 英文
system of civil justice
  • 民 : Ⅰ名詞1 （人民） the people 2 （某族的人） a member of a nationality 3 （從事某種職業的人） a pers...
  • 事 : 名1 （事情） matter; affair thing; business 2 （事故） trouble; accident 3 （職業;工作） job; wor...
  • 審 : Ⅰ形容詞（詳細; 周密） careful Ⅱ動詞1 （審查） examine; go over 2 （審訊） interrogate; try 3 [書...
  • 判 : Ⅰ動詞1 （分開; 分辨） distinguish; discriminate 2 （評定） judge; decide 3 （判決） sentence; con...
  • 體 : 體構詞成分。
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  • 民事 : [法律] relating to civil law; civil民事案件 civil case; 民事財產關系 civil property relations; 民...
  1. On the basis of reviewing history and comparative study, this paper examines the system of trial by default in our country ; at the same time using foreign experiences for reference, combines the specific situations in our judicial practice, then raises a tentative idea to reconstruct the system of trial by default in our country : to build a system of trial by default making the doctrine of ex parte debate as main part and doctrine of trial by default as supplement part ; at the same time to perfect the legislative stipulations on standards of default determination, procedural applications and remedies of trial by ex parte debate and trial by default, examinations of evidence in trial by default, in pursuit of forming an intact system structure, giving full play to the functions of system of trial by default and fulfilling the value target of civil proceedings

    因此，加強對我國缺席審判制度的研究，具有重要的理論和實踐價值。本文在歷史回顧和比較研究的基礎上，對我國的缺席審判制度進行了審視；同時借鑒國外的經驗，並結合我國司法實踐的具體情況，提出了重構我國缺席審判制度的設想：建立一種以一方辯論主義為主體，缺席判決主義為補充的缺席審判制度；同時完善缺席的認定標準、一方辯論判決與缺席判決程序的適用與救濟、缺席審判中的證據審查等方面的立法規定，以形成一個完整的制度體系，充分發揮缺席審判制度的功能，實現民事訴訟的價值目標。
  2. The current public prosecution mode in our country took shape from the past whole case - examine mode in the base of the thinking to get ride of the drawbacks in the past. in practice, it has not only become effective and cause out a lot of new defaults, for example, the definition of the main evidence is not clear, the transfer range of the case files is unclear and the stipulate of the examine consequence is not enough. in order to reform and perfect the current public prosecution mode, we should regard the theory of the public prosecution as guide, combine our country ' s conditions, on methodology jump out of the circle relatively drawing lessons from the past, on the procedural theory, change the idea that the forejudge caused from the substantive examination and clarify the objective fact the current public prosecution include the essential substantive examination, in practice regard legitimacy, rationality and flexibility as the principle of law enforcement before the law to revise, in legislation define the concept of the main evidence clearly, add the regulation to dispatch the examine judge and the trial judge, regulate the treatment methods after examination and revise some rules about the summary procedure

    以公訴審查制度的訴訟理念為指導，結合我國的國情，對現行公訴審查模式的改革和完善，在方法論上跳出以往比較借鑒的圈子；在訴訟理念上改變過去庭審法官預斷必然緣于實體性審查的觀念，以澄清現行公訴審查模式包括必要的實體審的客觀事實；在實踐中以合法性、合理性和靈活性作為立法修改前的執法原則；在立法上明確界定主要證據的范圍是對證明犯罪是否成立起主要作用或有重要影響的證據，其中既包括有罪證據也包括無罪證據，增加規定公訴審查法官與正式庭審法官分立制度，補充規定對公訴審查后開庭審理之外的其它情況的處理方法以及對於人民法院在審理過程中發現不宜適用簡易程序的，取消原刑訴法應當按照一般公訴案件適用的普通審判程序重新審理的規定，改為由審理該案件的獨任審判員以外的審判員重新組成合議庭對該案件進行重新審理等。
  3. ( 5 ) being a supervenient supervisory measure of the civil procedure, the civil protest should coordinate with the public prosecution and opinions of the prosecutors, which together forms one unique supervision system

    民事抗訴制度是對民事審判活動的一種「事後監督」 ，民事抗訴制度應注意與民事公訴和檢察意見制度相銜接，形成完整的民事監督體系。
  4. Civil adjudication supervision procedure is an important part of china ' s trial system. studying and probing the connotation, function and jurisprudence basis of the system is beneficial to objectively recognize, evaluate and upgrade china ' s current judicial system. moreover, it is also beneficial to the research and development of china ' s system of action

    民事審判監督程序是我國審判制度的重要的組成部分，研究和探討該制度的涵義、功能和法理基礎等，有利於客觀認識、評價和完善我國當前的司法體制，有利於我國訴訟體制的研究和發展。
  5. Securing judgment procedure is to protect the legal rights of creditor, under that aim, there also exist two direct aim, one is safeguard the execute of the judicial addict made in the future, the other is to avoid the unredemptive damages chapter 3 the type of civil securing judgment procedure this chapter researches into the type of civil securing judgment procedure and relevant legal basis in main countries, including the arrest and einstweligeverfugung in germany and japan, the juger en refere iprocedure and qrdanance sur requite in france, attachment, temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction in u. s, pre - judgement rremedies in britain, and property preservation and advance execution in china the civil securing judgment procedure system of france, u. s. and britain don t meet the situation and tradition custom of china, while the civil securing judgment procedure system of german and japan has deficiency the conclusion of this chapter is, we should reasonably reform current civil securing judgment procedure system of china, reconstruction the dual civil securing judgment procedure system under the division of property preservation and action preservaition chaptei4 court has the power of jurisdiction this chapter researches into the court which has jurisdiction to different kinds of securing

    筆者認為，民事保全程序存在審理階段的保全程序和執行階段的程序，是特別的訴訟程序和執行程序兼容；民事保全請求權屬于廣義上的訴權；民事保全權屬于裁判權（司法權）和行政權並存；民事保全程序應當體現迅速原則、全面保護雙方當事人；權益原則、程序正當原則、保全措施的標的有限原則；民事保全程序的總目的是為了保護債權人的合法權益，其直接目的有二：一是保障將來執行文書的強制執行，二是：避免將來無法挽回的損失。第三章民事保全的類型本章對各主要國家關於民事保全的類型及其依據逐一作了論述：德國和日本的假扣押與假處分、法國的緊急審理程序和依申請作出裁定的程序、美國的， 、一。扣押和中間禁令、英國的臨時性救濟措施、我國的財產保全和先予執行。
  6. The fourth chapter was under the title of " fact - affirmation power ", the fifth " law - application power ", and the sixth " proceeding - direction power ". in the first chapter " positive study of the trial power ", beginning with the basic meaning of the civil trial power, the writer gave a brief clearance of the historical development sequence of the trial power ; and upon this, he gave his own opinions about the system guarantee and reform of the moving of the civil trial power. he viewed that as for the guarantee, whe

    認為，就我國現行民事審判權運行的制度保障而言，無論是其中的組織制度，還是人事制度，抑或是活動制度都不同程度地存有問題，因此，對組織制度和人事制度應進行相應的變革，而對活動制度則應進一步地落實與完善；同時並認為，對包括民事審判制度在內的司法體制的改革應有統一的領導機構來進行部署和協調，以確保改革的成功。
  7. As we know, civil trial power is a very important part of the trial power system in a country, at the time of " administrating the country by operation of law " and constructing the socialist market economy, it can be said that whether the civil trial power can be exercised legally, independently, impartially and appropriately or not will have to do with directly the realization of the administration of law and the construction of the socialist market economy

    我們知道，民事審判權是一國審判權體系中極其重要的組成部分，在「依法治國」及建立社會主義市場經濟的今天，可以說民事審判權的是否依法、獨立、公正與適當行使將直接關涉到法治的能否實現及市場經濟的能否建立。但圃于歷史的、傳統的及其他方面主、客觀因素的制約與影響，以往我國對於民事審判權的行使效果並不盡如人意。
  8. I the authority of the final judgement is determined not only by the need of the civil action procedure, but also the fixed validity of itself and the purpose of the law and the state it contains

    一、終審判決之所以具有權威性，既是出於民事訴訟制度的需要，也是由其自身的既判力及其是法律意志和國家意志的體現所決定的。
  9. After retrospecting the history of chinese judicial mediation system, analyzing the effect of today ' s judicial mediation, and combining the reform of judge ' s system taking professionalism and before - try preparing procedure. then drawing lessons from the relevant systems of other countries and regions, the economic reform goal according to chinese judicial tradition should be : in the frame system of the lawsuit, purifying the way of jurisdiction enforcement, giving judge and judge assistant judicial power and mediation power respectively in the mode that trying and mediation are separated, making jurisdiction and mediation properly separated in personal identity and stage. moreover, remedying the separation of jurisdiction and mediation functionally, complemented with reconciliation system in action

    對我國法院調解制度加以歷史考察，對現行法院調解制度的效果進行分析，對民事訴訟功能及調解在司法實踐中偏差產生的根源加以探究，結合正在進行的以職業化為主線的法官制度及審前準備程序改革，再借鑒其他國家和地區的相關制度，符合我國司法傳統，比較經濟，既能遏止法院調解在實踐中產生消極作用，又能充分發揮調解功能的改革目標是：在訴訟框架體制內，純化法院審判權的行使方式，以調審分離為模式，將審判權、調解權分別賦予法官和法官助理，使得審判、調解在人員身份和階段上均適當予以分離，另輔之以訴訟中和解制度，對調審分離加以功能補救，同時建立對訴訟和解協議及民間調解協議的司法審核制度，以創建新型的法院調解制度。
  10. The structure of the paper is following : the first part is to put forward the problem. the problem of the substantive trial procedure of the bankruptcy case is arose not only because the parties cannot take part in the proceed of judgement, but also because the rules of reconsider deprive the parties of the procedural remedy rights

    文章從一則案件寫起，說明現在對破產案件中出現的實體問題的審理中出現的問題，主要是不符合程序公正的要求，表現在當事人不能參與到裁判的形成過程中;復議制度實際剝奪了當事人的程序救濟權;裁判文書的使用不符合民事訴訟法的基本原理。
  11. It points put that must unify the pattern of making civil paper of judgement in technology to make it measure up the criterion of making as soon as possible. namely, it must open the process of adjudgment and conclude and analyze the process of the party quoting, it enhance argument. in policy, it must promote independence in judicatory, establish the reference policy of prejudication, to abolish the policy of examine and approve paper of judgement

    最後提出民事判決書改革要加快技術改良和堅持制度革新的思路，並具體提出在技術層面要盡快統一民事判決書製作樣式，使全國范圍內民事判決書的製作在最短時間內有效達到基本層次上的合乎規范，即判決書要公開審判全過程，要對當事人舉證質證過程全面反映並一一分析認證，要增強說理性等；在制度層面要繼續推動司法獨立、建立判例參考制度、廢除判決書審批制度、建立書記官、法官助理單列制度等。
  12. Whether civil protest supervision should undermine the power of final adjudication ; in the second section, the author clarifies the supervisory objects of civil protest supervision : several current drawbacks which civil protest system emphasize the substantive while neglect the procedure are cited, such as contradiction to the function of the procuratorate as legal supervision agency, entangling in the litigation dilemma because of stress on the substantive respects of cases, and mixing up legal supervision power and juridiction

    在下篇中，筆者闡述了民事抗訴制度的監督對象。 （一）列舉了當前民事抗訴工作中所存在的重實體輕程序的現象所產生的弊端，主要是:有悖于檢察機關作為法律監督機關的職能;偏執于案件的實體問題會使檢察機關陷入訴訟悖論之中而難以解脫;混淆了法律監督權與審判權的關系。
  13. Raise detailed opinions on the chief judge system reform on civil and criminal procedures, the first and second instance ' s procedures, and the general and complicated cases, and draw a conclusion of that the chief judge selection and appointment system will go to the end as our country ' s judge ' s quality is improved

    分別對審判長制度在民事程序和刑事程序、一審程序和二審程序、一般案件和復雜案件中的改革提出了具體的意見，得出了審判長選任制將隨著我國法官素質的提高最終走向終結的結論。
  14. Then the author argue the rationality of civil protest system specifically, by refuting the theory of negation of the civil protest system as follows : 1. whether civil protest supervision invades the independent jurisdiction of the court ; 2. whether civil protest supervision unduly intervene the discretion of the parties ; 3

    其次，筆者具體論證了民事抗訴制度的合理性，從以下三方面逐一反駁了民事抗訴制度否定論的理由:其一，民事抗訴監督是否侵犯了法院的獨立審判權;其二，民事抗訴監督是否不當干預了當事人的處分權;其三，民事抗訴監督是否有損於法院終審權。
  15. Its particularity lies in the peculiarity of its object - how an effective verdict gets litigant relief ; how to construct a reasonable civil retrial system on the basis of a balance of finality of an effective verdict and the interests of the subject of litigation and social intersets is an important task

    其特殊性就在於其對象的特殊性已經生效的判決如何得到訴訟上的救濟；如何在生效判決的終局性與訴訟主體利益、與社會利益尋求平衡的基礎上，構建合理的民事再審制度是一項重要的課題。
  16. Fair and reasonable district jurisdictional system of civil procedure is not only propitious to administer justice of the court and start litigation favorably, but also helpful for exercising litigant rights effectively and carrying out entity rights

    公正合理的民事訴訟地域管轄制度不僅有利於法院審判權得到落實，使訴訟順利開始，而且對當事人訴權的有效行使以及其實體權利的實現極有幫助。
  17. This problem results in the confusion of the judges in determining the legality of the evidence in the practice of the civil proceedings, and therefore the different conclusion when determining the same evidence by different judges or courts, which greatly affects the authority of the judiciary. this paper focuses on the practical issues occurred in the content of the authentication, its principle, its standard and the guidelines., it starts from the definition and content of the authentication with respect to the theoretical research in the issues of authentication and the relevant judicial practice in china, first, it makes clear what authentication is, that is, the definition, characteristics and content of the authentication

    這些問題造成民事審判實踐中法官認證活動的混亂，導致不同法官或不同法院對同樣證據的認定結論卻不相同，嚴重影響了司法的權威性。本文側重於認證內容、認證原則、認證標準、認證規則中存在的具體問題，結合我國關于認證的理論研究及司法審判實踐，從認證的涵義、內容入手，首先明確什麼是認證即認證的概念、特徵、內容，然後分析認證制度的價值是什麼
  18. From the angel of competitive law, this dissertation is devoted to the analysis of existing abuse in civil hearing and judicial practice on the basis of researching the reason why the outmoded opinion and irrational system extensively exist in civil hearing. in addition, it also presents a design for the civil hearing form and some suggestion about concrete reform measure, thus, we can really achieve judicial justice and judicial independence

    本文試從比較法的視角，在探究陳舊觀念和不合理制度廣泛存在於民事審判活動的原因基礎上，深入剖析了現有體制下民事審判和司法實踐中存在的弊端，以及對民事審判結構模式進行了設計並對具體改革舉措提出了幾點建議，從而真正實現司法獨立與司法公正。
  19. Under this system, there should be concrete regulations regarding filing of p rosecution by the prosecutorial organs against citizens, legal persons and other organizations over major civil illegal activities, regulations of the participation of civil lawsuits by prosecutorial organs, regulations of appeal against effective or non - effective civil rulings, regulations of punishment of malpractice committed in the capacity of a judge during civil proceedings, etc. all the above interrelated and interactive regulations form a complete set of civil prosecutorial system with focus on civil prosecutorial power

    這個系統的具體制度內容應當包括，檢察機關對公民、法人、其他組織實施的重大民事違法行為的起訴制度，檢察機關參加民事訴訟的制度，檢察機關對未生效和已生效的民事判決的抗訴制度，以及對民事審判活動中發生的法官司法職務犯罪的查處制度等。它們相互聯系，相互作用，共同構成了以民事檢察權為核心內容的民事檢察制度的完整內容。
  20. Justice equals to the rationality of distribution, while the rationality of distribution result is substantive justice and that of methods and process of distribution is procedural justice, which is not only the sole path to substantive justice, but also the criterion to judge the justice of the substantive result

    正義是分配的合理性，分配結果的合理性是實體正義，分配方式、過程的合理性是程序正義，程序正義不僅是實體正義實現的唯一途徑，而且是評判實體結果是否正義的標準，因此，民事抗訴制度監督的對象是審判程序。
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