水平審計 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shuǐpíngshěnjì]
水平審計 英文
horizontal audit
  • 水 : 名詞1 （由兩個氫原子和一個氧原子結合而成的液體） water 2 （河流） river 3 （指江、河、湖、海、洋...
  • 平 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （沒有高低凹凸 不頃斜） flat; level; even; smooth 2 （高度相同; 不相上下） on the same l...
  • 審 : Ⅰ形容詞（詳細; 周密） careful Ⅱ動詞1 （審查） examine; go over 2 （審訊） interrogate; try 3 [書...
  • 計 : Ⅰ動詞1 （計算） count; compute; calculate; number 2 （設想; 打算） plan; plot Ⅱ名詞1 （測量或計算...
  • 水平 : 1. （跟水面平行的） horizontal;level2. （達到的高度） standard; level
  1. During recently 3 years, i mainly engaged in mechanical vocation ' s plant planning. i attended 25 projects, which including feasible reports, preliminary designing and working drawing designing, ranged over establishment or technology reforming of machine tool factory, gear factory, tractor factory, automobile manufactory, electric pump factory, electromechanics factory, electric cable factory, the highest investment of them is 160 million yuan, total design work expand over 850 million ( no repeat calculate ). for i have professional ability and well up in developmental situation of mechanical vocation and it ' s situation inside jiangsu province, these projects what i designed were all authorized by leading department and expert, introduced into national plan and bring into operation. these projects bring both economic profit and society profit for the factory ' s technical advancement, product ' s update. as the director of these projects in these designing and consultation work, i generally organize and operate these and earn the higher valuation of leading department and consumer

    近三年來主要從事機械行業工廠工程設計，先後參與二十五個項目的可行性研究報告編制，初步設計和施工圖設計.涉及機床廠，齒輪廠，拖拉機廠，汽車製造廠，電泵廠，電機廠，電纜廠的新建或技術改造，其中單項投資額最高的為1 . 6億元，總計完成投資額為8 . 5億元（未重復計算）的設計工作量.由於對機械行業發展狀況和省內狀況較為熟悉，具有一定的專業水平，這些設計項目均經有關領導部門，專家審定列入國家計劃，得以實施，為工廠的技術進步，產品更新換代，生產發展創造較好的經濟效益和社會效益.在這些設計，咨詢中，本人均任項目負責人，全面組織，實施設計工作，得到主管部門和用戶較高評價
  2. Questions neglected concerning the level of materiality in audit practice

    重要性水平在審計實務中應重視的幾個問題
  3. With the rapid development of the security stock market especially the stock market in chian ， issuing stock and circulating on market became the first choice of financing for more and more enterprise at the same time ， more and more investors are attracted by the relately high initial return of stock however ， the problem of ipos underpricing always exists in the stock market according to the data of more than one thousand chinese stocks ， most new issues had great raise in the first trade day ， and investors could acquire higher initial return than the average return of the stock market or the same industry we find that initial returns on a - share ipos average reached 132. 24 percent the main body of this paper is made up of six sections ： in the first part ， we introduced the method of the estimate of pricing decision ； in the second part ， we analyzed the method of the pricing decision and issuing system in china ， discussed the advantage and weakness of the various issuing methods ， and compared the economic efficiency between the examine and approve system and authorization system ； in the third part ， we analyzed the reason of ipo ' s underpricing in detail from information economics and other factors and combined with the environment of the chinese stock markets ， we analyzed the special characteristics in china and how they effect the ipo ' s underpricing in the fourth part ， we analyzed the data of chinese stock market with spss ， made a analysis of the administrative pricing decision and market pricing decision ， studied the underpricing phenomena of chinese stock market ， and analyzed it ' s causes ； in the fifth part ， we made a analysis of the examine approve system and authorization system ； and in the last part ， we drew some conclusions and put forth some policy advices the follow are the conclusions and policy advices in this dissertation ： （ 1 ） from the results of this empirical study ， we found that the issuing price - earning ratio and the market situation before ipos are strongly and positively associated with the underpricing of shares ， the issuing scale of ipo and the hit rate are strongly and negatively associated with the underpricing ； （ 2 ） we found that after the abolishing of ipo ' s p / e ratio and the using of authorization system ， there is no significant difference among the underpricing of shares ， but considered with the market entironment ， we think that the ipo ' s underpricing has been correspondingly reduced （ 3 ） to reduce difference between the primary market and the second market ， we suggested that we shall bring the " over - allotment option ( oao ) " to bear and resume the state - owned share and corporate - owned share to circulate on market as soon possible

    本文的主體由六個部分組成：第一部分介紹新股發行定價的估值方法；第二部分對我國的發行定價方式和發行制度進行分析，探討不同發行定價方式的優缺點，以及審批制和核準制經濟效率分析；第三部分從信息經濟學角度和其他因素的角度詳細分析造成新股發行抑價的原因，並結合我國股票市場實際情況，分析了我國市場的特有因素是否及如何影響一級市場的發行抑價程度的；第四部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股行政化和市場化定價進行實證分析，主要包括新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的實施情況和效果分析、新股發行行政化定價方式的實證分析，以及新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的比較實證分析；第五部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股發行審批制和核準制進行實證分析；第六部分是本論文的主要結論。本文的主要結論和建議有： （ 1 ）從實證分析結果看，我國新股發行抑價與市場環境、發行市盈率呈顯著正向關系，與發行規模、申購中簽率等呈顯著反向關系。 （ 2 ）取消發行市盈率限制和實施核準制等市場化改革措施並沒有降低發行抑價的絕對水平，只是由於市場環境的因素，發行抑價的相對水平才有所降低。
  4. In this article, firstly the background of the textile trade conflicts within sino - us or sino - euro are introduced, thus learn that how to discern and dodge the foreign trade risks, how to choose the appropriate investment projects have already become one of the most important questions for exporting companies on foreign trade affairs well - known as high investment and high risk. so the main text makes a risk analysis qualitatively and quantitatively on a textile - exporting trading company from three angles of statistic 、 game theory and portfolio theory, which is the main content that we studied. firstly, the statistic article adopts data of the transaction closing price of the textile clothing index in shenzhen stock exchange at the end of each quarter as well as several other kinds of data reflecting the macro - economic changes, performs an empirical analysis of these data according to the theory of co - integration test 、 granger cause test and impulse response function of time series in economitric, and learn that the impact to ti is more obvious by the economic index reflecting local commodity price level and economic prosperity degree home and abroad, as well as the impact degree and the time lag degree, and knows the macro - economic risks faced by textile business enterprises ; after that by the game theory angle we analyze exactly the managing risks faced by one textile export corporation named beauty. from the game expansion chart the system arrangement between censor ways by exportation goal countries and exporting strategies by the exporting enterprises has been analyzed. involving the benefit assignment between them both the limited rounds and infinite rounds negotiations of cooperation games have been studied, and then country responsibility and the enterprise managing risks on foreign trade affairs and so on have been analyzed exactly ; in order to realize the investment multiplication in the certain degree to disperse the risk, the

    本文首先介紹了中美、中歐紡織品貿易爭端的來龍去脈，由此可知在涉外貿易這種以高投入、高風險著稱的行業里，如何甄別和規避外貿風險、如何選擇合適的投資項目已經成為外貿企業的首要問題。因此，正文分別從統計學、博弈論和投資組合三種角度對涉外紡織品貿易公司風險進行了定性和定量的分析，這也是本文的主要研究內容。首先，統計學篇選取了深圳證券交易所行業分類指數?紡織服裝指數（ ti ）每一季度末的交易收盤價和若干種反映宏觀經濟變化的指標，利用計量經濟學中時間序列的協整檢驗、 granger因果檢驗和脈沖反應函數等理論做實證分析，從而得知反映國內物價水平和國內外經濟景氣程度的經濟指標對紡織板塊上市值的沖擊比較明顯，且可知沖擊程度和時滯度，進而分析出涉外紡織企業所面臨的宏觀經濟風險;接著，從博弈論的角度具體分析一家紡織品出口公司（ beauty ）的外貿活動所面臨的各種經營風險，該篇從博弈擴展圖入手，分析了出口目的國審查方式與本企業出口策略之間的制度安排;並圍繞雙方的利益分配，研究了有限回合和無限回合合作談判博弈，然後具體論述了國家責任和企業涉外經營風險等問題;在一定程度上為了實現投資多元化來分散風險的目的，投資組合篇從經典的markowitz模型著手，在一些特定條件的限制下，給出了一個相應的投資組合模型。
  5. Presently, under the condition of applying computerized accounting, handworked audit is still our main method. in addition, the level of the audit theories and practices ca n ' t adapt to the fast development of information technology

    目前，在現代的計算機應用環境下，我國基本上還是沿襲傳統手工審計方式，而國內理論研究和實踐應用水平還不能適應信息技術的迅速發展。
  6. Other brand can t satisfy. appreciate beauty the standard because of the vogue for limit, can not keep up withing the modern people of of its design level quality

    雜牌：無法滿足。因其設計水平品質所限，跟不上現代人的時尚審美標準。
  7. The standard system of the university performance audit must be established on economy, efficiency and effectiveness and constituted by the standard of economy and efficiency, the standard of effectiveness and the good system standard, in which the standard of economy and efficiency is reflected through funding structure, fund balance ratio, the resource use efficiency indicator and the fund use structure indicator ; the standard of effectiveness is reflected through educational standard, research capabilities, student training quality and social well - known and recognized degree ; the good system standard is reflected through school running thoughts, school target positioning, school regulation building, school

    高校績效審計標準體系必須圍繞經濟性、效率性和效果性來建立，由經濟性效率性標準、效果性標準、良好制度標準三部分組成。其中經濟性、效率性標準通過經費來源結構、經費結余比率、資源利用效率指標、經費使用結構指標四方面來反映;效果性標準通過辦學水平、科研能力、學生培養質量、社會知名和認可程度等指標來反映;良好制度標準通過學校辦學思路、學校目標定位、學校規章制度建設、學校教學質量監控及測評系統等方面來體現。
  8. Based on the three layer architecture technology, the platform system is developed by microsoft visual studio. net, and it realizes the operating module on database based on component technique of ado. net interface ; sql server 2000 is as the database management system, defines some key tables of database, designs an realizes the functions of appending, querying and renewing services, such as the organization, personnel, production, project and information issue of the scientific research management, respectively in the research part of ispssrm ’ s development, it first analyzes inadequacies and technological difficulties of the original edition of ispssrm, then discusses the problem of dealing with diagonal line, the combination of multi - table, the design of query on dynamic tables, and the web report forms, and the extension of the service function such as the applying and estimating in web, and finally proposes the concept to extend the function of ispssrm

    Net開發工具，基於三層結構技術實現了web業務功能模版;基於ado . net介面的組件方式實現了數據庫訪問操作，在數據存儲層使用sqlserver2000作為后臺數據庫管理系統，定義了數據庫關鍵表;設計實現了科研管理的機構、人員、成果、項目、信息發布、維護等業務的添加、查詢、更新功能。在ispssrm的發展研究部分，首先分析了ispssrm原型系統的不足之處及存在的技術難題，探討了動態表格的斜線處理、多表合併、查詢設計及web的列印問題以及網上申報、評審功能模塊等業務功能的拓展，提出了擴展ispssrm的功能的思路。 ispssrm現已經在蘇州大學科研處投入試運行，為高校的科研管理信息化建設、提高科研管理水平提供了一個切實可行的方案。
  9. Discussion topics cover pearl river delta air traffic management planning and implementation, the satellite - based communications, navigation and surveillanceair traffic management systems applications, latest development of the co - operation arrangement on mutual acceptance of approval of aircraft maintenance organisations signed by aviation authorities in the mainland, hong kong and macau, implementation of the regulated agent regime in hong kong to enhance air cargo security, safe transport of dangerous goods by air, and security audit conducted by the international civil aviation organisation

    討論議題包括珠江三角洲航空交通管理的規劃和實施，衛星通訊、導航及監察?航空交通管理系統的應用，由內地、香港和澳門民航局簽訂的互相認可航空器維修單位批準合作安排的最新發展，為提高航空貨運保安水平而實施的管理代理人制度，妥善空運危險品，以及國際民用航空組織進行之航空保安審計事宜。
  10. Seeing that service expiration auditing ( sea ) has positive effects on supervising the behavior of leaders, defending the financial law and discipline and promoting the development of the market - driven economy in our country, it has been also carried out in college since 2000

    鑒于地方經濟責任審計對加強領導幹部的監督，維護財經法紀，促使領導幹部不斷提高管理水平和遵紀守法意識以及自我約束能力，推動黨風廉政建設，促進社會主義市場經濟的發展等方面，發揮了積極作用，從2000年起，高校全面推行了領導幹部經濟責任審計工作。
  11. Thirdly, by the method of questionnaire and quality control tools, the buying and selling process quality control proposal is given in this article, thereby, the analytical methods of quality control including the acceptance criterion of wheat, the process capacity of supply and customer satisfaction indexes evaluation are discussed in this article. fourthly, based on the methods of statistical process control, this article evaluate the factor that have a impact on the process of the stored grain with qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, and bring forward the design proposal of controlling temperature for stored grain in warehouse. at last, in order to bring the optimization design for quality management system into effect and advance the enterprise in overall management, the article table a proposal including strengthening the training of quality management, introducing iso9000 standard into quality management, bringing about the grain industrialization, standardizing quality inspection criterion, developing the computer auxiliary control system

    首先依照iso9001標準，藉助于設計的專家調查表通過專家調查，對該糧庫的質量管理體系現狀進行詳細分析，確定出質量管理體系文件、資源管理、產品實現過程、質量控制和質量改進五個方面存在的主要問題；其次運用系統方法建立了糧庫質量管理體系完善程序及質量管理體系的三維空間結構模型，並在此基礎上優化設計出了質量管理體系內部審核、不合格控制、糾正和預防措施等質量改進實施方案；再次，運用調查表法和質量管理控制工具對該糧庫的糧食輪換過程的質量控制進行了優化設計，確定出糧食采購標準、供應過程能力分析以及顧客滿意度評價等分析方案；然後，運用統計過程分析方法對糧食倉儲過程的影響因素及其原因進行定性和定量分析評價，確定出倉儲過程質量控制的優化方案；最後，為確保設計方案的有效實施，從糧庫加強質量管理培訓、導入iso9000族標準、糧食產業化開發、規范糧食質量檢驗標準、開發計算機輔助控制系統五個方面提出具體實施建議，以便提高其整體質量管理水平。
  12. This paper uses the audit fees studying framework of simunic, via the comparison of audit prices and product differentiation among large - scale native audit firms, small - scale native audit firms and cooperative audit firms, to search for the real face of the china auditing market

    本文則致力於從事實中尋求證據，利用simunic審計公費研究框架，通過對比本土大型會計師事務所、本土小型會計師事務所、合作所的審計公費水平與審計質量差異，探討我國上市公司審計市場結構的現狀。
  13. The paper embodied with fact of hengxin corporation, and focus on the proplem of material purchasing. applying modern theories and means of supply chain administration and logistics administration, through reorgnizing material purchasing management and procedure. through authenticating supplior, we have established the evaluation procedure of supplior to strengthen the management of supplior, and applying computer technology and network technology, and realized electronics, information and centrality of purchasing administration, thus, production is guaranteed, purchasing cost is decreased and market competitive ability is improved. parts of contents and ideas in this paper have been applied in hengxin corporation and preliminary fruits have been gained

    本課題結合大連恆新零部件製造公司（以下簡稱恆新公司）的實際情況，針對恆新公司物資采購管理方面存在的問題，通過研究現代物流與供應鏈管理等先進的管理思想和方法，對恆新公司物資采購組織和機制以及采購流程進行重組，同時對供應商進行認證和管理，建立供應商評審程序及招標采購制度，加強對供應商的管理，並應用計算機技術及網路技術，建立基於供應鏈的恆新公司物流管理信息系統，力圖在管理的力度和深度上真正解決該公司物資采購問題，從而節約成本、提高效益、保證質量、提高企業的管理水平和市場競爭力。
  14. And the key to the control of the risks lies in the reasonable balance between the total auditing levels and the auditing evidence costs, while the important fields of the risk control are in the course of contract signing, auditor appointing, evidence collecting, significant principle adopting, auditing working - paper ' s rechecking and auditing reporting

    民間審計項目風險控制的關鍵在於審計風險總水平與審計證據成本的合< wp = 5 >理均衡。民間審計項目風險控制的重點領域主要包括簽約過程中的風險、委派工作人員中的風險、審計證據收集中的風險、重要性原則使用中的風險、審計工作底稿復核中的風險和審計報告中的風險。
  15. The auditors may specify in advance the sampling risk that they want in their sample results and then compute a sample size that controls sampling risk at the desired level

    審計師可以預先設定樣本結果中他們期望的抽樣風險，然後計算出將抽樣風險控制在期望水平的樣本容量。
  16. We can take two countermeasures to control the risks : one is to enhance the ability to assess the inherent and control risks of computer auditing ; the other is to decrease the detection risk

    控制計算機審計風險的對策有：一是提高計算機審計固有風險和控制風險的評估水平；二是降低計算機審計的檢查風險。
  17. After evaluating enterprise ' s business risk and control risk, we can confirm the checking risk, then make use of the test of trade substance and test of remaining to bring the audit risk down to the acceptable level

    對企業經營風險和控制風險進行評估后，在已經預期審計風險水平情況下，可確定相應的檢查風險，並進一步通過交易業務實質性測試和余額細節性測試將檢查風險降低到審計人員可接受水平。
  18. Auditor may assess the accepted audit risk in the blur integration assessment method, evaluate inherent risk in the risk factors analysis method, value control risk in the internal control assessment method, estimate detection risk in the audit risk model method. integrating the leshan electric power ltd. 2001 - mid reports audit case, it is stated how to assess these risk

    用模糊綜合評價方法評估總審計風險水平，用風險因素分析法評估固有風險水平，用內部控制評價法評估控制風險水平，用審計風險模型法評估檢查風險水平，並結合樂山電力股份有限公司2001年中報審計案例進行闡述。
  19. On condition that popular culture has become the main trend and " aesthetic daily life " has become a prominent change in contemporary society, the design of industrial production should embody the popular taste to meet the requirement of consumers, and we should improve the popular aesthetic capacity to enhance the appreciation level for industry design

    摘要論述了在大眾文化已成為今天的主流文化情況下， 「日常生活審美化」成為當代社會與文化的一個突出變化的條件下，工業產品的設計一方面要體現大眾審美情趣，以滿足消費者的審美需求，另一方面要提高人們的審美能力，以提升大眾對工業設計的欣賞水平。
  20. It concludes the way to prevent discrepancies in the pharmacy is by strictly enforcing the inspection of prescriptions as part of the job responsibility, refining the computer network regulation system and raising the educational requirement of pharmacists

    提示：嚴格執行審方制度及計算機網路管理、提高藥師的專業素質水平是防止差錯的關鍵所在。
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