水平式一體化 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shuǐpíngshìyītǐhuà]
水平式一體化 英文
horizontal integration
  • 水 : 名詞1 （由兩個氫原子和一個氧原子結合而成的液體） water 2 （河流） river 3 （指江、河、湖、海、洋...
  • 平 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （沒有高低凹凸 不頃斜） flat; level; even; smooth 2 （高度相同; 不相上下） on the same l...
  • 式 : 名詞1 （樣式） type; style 2 （格式） pattern; form 3 （儀式; 典禮） ceremony; ritual 4 （自然科...
  • 體 : 體構詞成分。
  • 水平 : 1. （跟水面平行的） horizontal;level2. （達到的高度） standard; level
  1. This part is set up for analyzing systematically the relationship between rli and rural economic development, summarizing the influence law of rli to rural land management benefit, analyzing the innovative mechanism, institutive achievement and difficult position and gauntlet of the present rli in china so as to lay a practical foundation for the innovation design of rli. the third part from chapter 6 to chapter 8 is innovation. in this part, the binding factors, innovative objective and basically guiding ideology of present rli innovation have been analyzed first, then according to the basically theory that relations of production must be suited to productive forces and the basically demands of socialist market economic system, in the light of peasant ' s receptive level and receptive capacity, the innovative model by stages of rural land property rights has been made, finally, the relationship between family farming and farming in scale has been analyzed, the latent profit and its binding factors of present family farming have been expounded, the concrete measures of perfecting family farming institution and pushing on the farming in scale have been put forward

    第六章根據制度創新理論和市場經濟理論，結合我國國情，論述了現階段我國農地制度創新的制約因素、創新的目標及基本指導原則，確定了我國農地制度創新的方式；第七章根據生產關系必須適應生產力發展水平的馬克思主義基本原理和建立社會主義市場經濟體制的要求，結合我國現代化建設分「三步」走的戰略目標及農民的接受程度和能力，認為我國未來的農地制中文摘要度不應該拘泥於某一固定模式，而應該建立在系統連貫性的動態優化組合和階段性漸進演化的基本格局之中，並構建了我國農地產權制度的階段性創新模式:第八章通過對農業生產的特點和家庭經營的優勢分析，結合發達國家農業發展的經驗，提出了家庭經營是我國21世紀農地經營的最佳組織形式的結論;論述了農業家庭經營與農地規模經營的關系，分析了現階段我國農業家庭經營的潛在收益及其實現的制約因素，進而提出了完善農業家庭經營制度和推進農地適度規模經營的具體措施。
  2. The chilopoda and diplopoda are monophyletic group respectively. although there are some limitations, the mitochondrial dna as a model system is being used as a powerful tool in phylogeny analysis. it is the only molecular marker that can be used in the phylogenetic studies at genomic level

    線粒體dna基因組全序列作為研究動物系統發生的模式系統，雖然有一定的缺陷，但仍是生物學家研究系統進化最有力的工具，它是目前唯一可以提供基因組水平上進行系統發生研究的分子標記。
  3. With the rapid development of the security stock market especially the stock market in chian ， issuing stock and circulating on market became the first choice of financing for more and more enterprise at the same time ， more and more investors are attracted by the relately high initial return of stock however ， the problem of ipos underpricing always exists in the stock market according to the data of more than one thousand chinese stocks ， most new issues had great raise in the first trade day ， and investors could acquire higher initial return than the average return of the stock market or the same industry we find that initial returns on a - share ipos average reached 132. 24 percent the main body of this paper is made up of six sections ： in the first part ， we introduced the method of the estimate of pricing decision ； in the second part ， we analyzed the method of the pricing decision and issuing system in china ， discussed the advantage and weakness of the various issuing methods ， and compared the economic efficiency between the examine and approve system and authorization system ； in the third part ， we analyzed the reason of ipo ' s underpricing in detail from information economics and other factors and combined with the environment of the chinese stock markets ， we analyzed the special characteristics in china and how they effect the ipo ' s underpricing in the fourth part ， we analyzed the data of chinese stock market with spss ， made a analysis of the administrative pricing decision and market pricing decision ， studied the underpricing phenomena of chinese stock market ， and analyzed it ' s causes ； in the fifth part ， we made a analysis of the examine approve system and authorization system ； and in the last part ， we drew some conclusions and put forth some policy advices the follow are the conclusions and policy advices in this dissertation ： （ 1 ） from the results of this empirical study ， we found that the issuing price - earning ratio and the market situation before ipos are strongly and positively associated with the underpricing of shares ， the issuing scale of ipo and the hit rate are strongly and negatively associated with the underpricing ； （ 2 ） we found that after the abolishing of ipo ' s p / e ratio and the using of authorization system ， there is no significant difference among the underpricing of shares ， but considered with the market entironment ， we think that the ipo ' s underpricing has been correspondingly reduced （ 3 ） to reduce difference between the primary market and the second market ， we suggested that we shall bring the " over - allotment option ( oao ) " to bear and resume the state - owned share and corporate - owned share to circulate on market as soon possible

    本文的主體由六個部分組成：第一部分介紹新股發行定價的估值方法；第二部分對我國的發行定價方式和發行制度進行分析，探討不同發行定價方式的優缺點，以及審批制和核準制經濟效率分析；第三部分從信息經濟學角度和其他因素的角度詳細分析造成新股發行抑價的原因，並結合我國股票市場實際情況，分析了我國市場的特有因素是否及如何影響一級市場的發行抑價程度的；第四部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股行政化和市場化定價進行實證分析，主要包括新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的實施情況和效果分析、新股發行行政化定價方式的實證分析，以及新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的比較實證分析；第五部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股發行審批制和核準制進行實證分析；第六部分是本論文的主要結論。本文的主要結論和建議有： （ 1 ）從實證分析結果看，我國新股發行抑價與市場環境、發行市盈率呈顯著正向關系，與發行規模、申購中簽率等呈顯著反向關系。 （ 2 ）取消發行市盈率限制和實施核準制等市場化改革措施並沒有降低發行抑價的絕對水平，只是由於市場環境的因素，發行抑價的相對水平才有所降低。
  4. When their experience grow up, their motive of inquiry is the main driving force of knowledge construction. secondly, the course of recognition can be analyzed from linear way, then we can say it consists of gestalt formation, schematizing and theory building

    該模型告訴我們，在獲得經驗和具體事例的基礎上，主體進入第一種水平的知識建構階段，即格式塔的形成，然後進入圖式化，最後是理論建構。
  5. The connotation of farmers ’ systematization is : according to certain rules, principal part of organization adopts various modes to form small - scaled, disperse, puny farmers into powerful farmers and into equalization state to modern farmers. the thesis begins with status quo of farmers ’ systematization, make use of bargaining theory and theory institutional vicissitude, and analyze institutional vicissitude of farmers ’ systematization from three points : inducement, balance and efficiency

    農民組織化是組織主體依據一定的原則，採取不同方式將具有生產經營規模狹小、經營分散、經濟實力較弱、科技水平低等傳統職業特徵的農民轉變為有組織進入市場與社會，並且能夠獲得與其他階層同等待遇的現代農民的過程。
  6. Particularly with the technology of high separation count centrifugal separator of pipe type and inferior high speed filter centrifugal separator with three feet o1st century ; thef ss type, leading the domestic same trade. its technology is the most advanced in the 2y are both the update products of the same kind after entering 21st century. our company is according to the needs of market, has developed and produced a series of products, the type of the these products are common use, traditional chinese medicine liquid clarified, living beings fungus body separating type, low - temperature freezing type, blood separator, chemical industry, paint industry and laboratory

    本公司尤以高速高分離因數管式離心機技術，及亞高速三足式離心沉降離心機技術，領先於國內同行業，其技術完全是21世紀國際先進水平，是進入二十一世紀后同類產品的更新換代產品，本公司根據市場的需要，開發生產出了通用型，中藥提取液澄清型生物型菌體分離型低溫冷凍型，血液分離型化工型，油漆型及實驗室型等系列產品。
  7. Universal type that guangzhou dongchen electric vehicle co., ltd develop the latest electric car mix with the motive to become soon the green environmental protection motor car, it broke the traditional consciousness, the way that whole car lines that tradition of limitless become soon, that car have the zero row to put, free from pollution, have no the noise, mentally retarded consume, start steady, long drive route, excellent climbing ability, the special advantage of low etc., function index sign of movement cost is already the advanced level, it broke the tool of traditional transportation means of transportation flowing freely of world, now a humanities culture for be in the leading, a nature consciousness for be in the leading

    廣州東辰電動車有限公司最新款的普及型混合動力變速綠色環保電動車，它打破了傳統的無極變速方式，該車具有零排放、無污染、無噪音、低能耗、起動穩、行程長、爬坡力強、運行成本低等獨特優點，性能指標已達世界先進水平，它打破了傳統交通代步工具的局限意識，整車線條流暢，體現一種領先的人文文化，一種領先的自然意識。
  8. In this article, firstly the background of the textile trade conflicts within sino - us or sino - euro are introduced, thus learn that how to discern and dodge the foreign trade risks, how to choose the appropriate investment projects have already become one of the most important questions for exporting companies on foreign trade affairs well - known as high investment and high risk. so the main text makes a risk analysis qualitatively and quantitatively on a textile - exporting trading company from three angles of statistic 、 game theory and portfolio theory, which is the main content that we studied. firstly, the statistic article adopts data of the transaction closing price of the textile clothing index in shenzhen stock exchange at the end of each quarter as well as several other kinds of data reflecting the macro - economic changes, performs an empirical analysis of these data according to the theory of co - integration test 、 granger cause test and impulse response function of time series in economitric, and learn that the impact to ti is more obvious by the economic index reflecting local commodity price level and economic prosperity degree home and abroad, as well as the impact degree and the time lag degree, and knows the macro - economic risks faced by textile business enterprises ; after that by the game theory angle we analyze exactly the managing risks faced by one textile export corporation named beauty. from the game expansion chart the system arrangement between censor ways by exportation goal countries and exporting strategies by the exporting enterprises has been analyzed. involving the benefit assignment between them both the limited rounds and infinite rounds negotiations of cooperation games have been studied, and then country responsibility and the enterprise managing risks on foreign trade affairs and so on have been analyzed exactly ; in order to realize the investment multiplication in the certain degree to disperse the risk, the

    本文首先介紹了中美、中歐紡織品貿易爭端的來龍去脈，由此可知在涉外貿易這種以高投入、高風險著稱的行業里，如何甄別和規避外貿風險、如何選擇合適的投資項目已經成為外貿企業的首要問題。因此，正文分別從統計學、博弈論和投資組合三種角度對涉外紡織品貿易公司風險進行了定性和定量的分析，這也是本文的主要研究內容。首先，統計學篇選取了深圳證券交易所行業分類指數?紡織服裝指數（ ti ）每一季度末的交易收盤價和若干種反映宏觀經濟變化的指標，利用計量經濟學中時間序列的協整檢驗、 granger因果檢驗和脈沖反應函數等理論做實證分析，從而得知反映國內物價水平和國內外經濟景氣程度的經濟指標對紡織板塊上市值的沖擊比較明顯，且可知沖擊程度和時滯度，進而分析出涉外紡織企業所面臨的宏觀經濟風險;接著，從博弈論的角度具體分析一家紡織品出口公司（ beauty ）的外貿活動所面臨的各種經營風險，該篇從博弈擴展圖入手，分析了出口目的國審查方式與本企業出口策略之間的制度安排;並圍繞雙方的利益分配，研究了有限回合和無限回合合作談判博弈，然後具體論述了國家責任和企業涉外經營風險等問題;在一定程度上為了實現投資多元化來分散風險的目的，投資組合篇從經典的markowitz模型著手，在一些特定條件的限制下，給出了一個相應的投資組合模型。
  9. The main ways of growth is imitating, self - exploring and self - summarizing, through these ways, they accumulate some experience of preschool education, but there is clearly shortcomings in those experience : ( 1 ) educating method is simple, that is to say, the ways of interaction between teacher and children is only language, the objects of interaction is only between teacher and children, the background of interaction is in collective activities, the means of interaction is only in classroom and collective activities directed by teacher. ( 2 ) paying specially attention to teaching knowledge and ignoring play, also paying specially attention to result but not the course of study, all that make kindergarten have the tendency to primary school in teaching style. ( 3 ) the basic educational quality of these teachers is at a low level, e. g

    研究發現：一、貧困民族地區民辦回族幼兒教師在成長中以愛心為基點，充分發揮了奉獻、吃苦耐勞的職業品質，成為她們成長的內在動力；二、被研究教師在實踐中通過模仿、自我探索、自我總結的主要途徑，積累了一定的教育經驗，但也存在明顯的不足； （一）教育方式方法單一，即相互作用的手段僅限於言語傳授；相互作用的對象僅限於教師和幼兒之間；相互作用背景僅限於班級集體活動中；相互作用的途徑僅限於作業課和教師指導的集體活動中； （二）重知識傳遞、輕游戲活動，重教育結果輕活動過程，小學化傾向嚴重； （三）教師基本教育素質偏低，表現在文化知識水平低下，專業技能技巧缺乏，不能滿足幼兒全面發展的需求。
  10. Abstract : physical activity has been defined as " any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure ". it is strongly endorsed as a means of staying healthy and an important avenue for social contact. although in australia, some studies have been conducted into the levels of physical activity in some ethnic communities, there has been a tendency to adopt a homogeneous view of culturally and linguistically diverse ( cald ) people rather than an ethno - specific perspective that recognises differing cultural beliefs and practices between and across language groups. this paper reports on a study that aimed to explore the concepts of, and attitudes towards, physical activity among older hong kong chinese australians resident in nsw. this study involved individual in - depth interviews and the use of open - ended questions. a total of 22 informants was recruited for the study. the findings revealed that most informants did not have a clear idea about what was meant by the term physical activity. " physical activity " tended to be a confusing and complicated term to this group. in addition, attitudes towards physical activity among this group reflect their cultural and health beliefs in preventive health care. to increase the physical activity level among older hong kong chinese australians, culturally - specific health promotion strategies might be needed to tackle the misconception about and specific attitudes towards physical activity, as well as to match the holistic chinese oncept of health maintenance

    文摘:身體活動指"由骨骼肌產生的體能消耗運動" ，是保持身體健康、增進社會交往的重要方式和途徑.在澳大利亞，雖然有研究調查民族群體身體活動的各個層面，但總體而言，多數研究更側重於民族群體的同質性，而忽視了其異質性.本研究探討在新南威爾士州居住的澳籍香港老年華人對身體活動的概念理解及對身體活動的態度.研究使用開放性問卷進行個體深度訪談，受訪者22人.研究發現，大多數受訪者不清楚"身體活動"這一術語的含義，對他們來說， "身體活動"是一個模糊的、復雜的術語.該群體對身體活動的態度反映了他們在預防性衛生保健方面的文化和健康觀念.顯然，提升澳籍香港老年華人的身體活動水平，需要一種基於文化特殊性的健康促進策略以解決對身體活動的誤解，同時也需要具體的身體活動態度與華人整體性保健觀念相匹配
  11. Physical activity has been defined as " any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure ". it is strongly endorsed as a means of staying healthy and an important avenue for social contact. although in australia, some studies have been conducted into the levels of physical activity in some ethnic communities, there has been a tendency to adopt a homogeneous view of culturally and linguistically diverse ( cald ) people rather than an ethno - specific perspective that recognises differing cultural beliefs and practices between and across language groups. this paper reports on a study that aimed to explore the concepts of, and attitudes towards, physical activity among older hong kong chinese australians resident in nsw. this study involved individual in - depth interviews and the use of open - ended questions. a total of 22 informants was recruited for the study. the findings revealed that most informants did not have a clear idea about what was meant by the term physical activity. " physical activity " tended to be a confusing and complicated term to this group. in addition, attitudes towards physical activity among this group reflect their cultural and health beliefs in preventive health care. to increase the physical activity level among older hong kong chinese australians, culturally - specific health promotion strategies might be needed to tackle the misconception about and specific attitudes towards physical activity, as well as to match the holistic chinese oncept of health maintenance

    身體活動指"由骨骼肌產生的體能消耗運動" ，是保持身體健康、增進社會交往的重要方式和途徑.在澳大利亞，雖然有研究調查民族群體身體活動的各個層面，但總體而言，多數研究更側重於民族群體的同質性，而忽視了其異質性.本研究探討在新南威爾士州居住的澳籍香港老年華人對身體活動的概念理解及對身體活動的態度.研究使用開放性問卷進行個體深度訪談，受訪者22人.研究發現，大多數受訪者不清楚"身體活動"這一術語的含義，對他們來說， "身體活動"是一個模糊的、復雜的術語.該群體對身體活動的態度反映了他們在預防性衛生保健方面的文化和健康觀念.顯然，提升澳籍香港老年華人的身體活動水平，需要一種基於文化特殊性的健康促進策略以解決對身體活動的誤解，同時也需要具體的身體活動態度與華人整體性保健觀念相匹配
  12. According to the principle of sincere, trustworthy, diligent and thrifty, with the idea of based on the persons, relying on technology, scientific management, and advancing towards international way, face to the future, and surpass constantly, we will make mingxin as an international manufacturer of power semiconductors

    近年來，逐步導入國際知名企業的先進管理模式，管理水平進一步提高，產品品質服務受到了多家國際知名企業和跨國公司的認可和信賴。本公司的經營理念：誠信勤儉。發展目標：成為國際化合作半導體器件專業製造廠。
  13. Comparing with the stockjobbers outside, although we can also enjoy the same treatment with others, we are still too weak even from the capital size capital strength managerial mechanism managerial efficiency to the stuff of talented person along with entering the wto, our stock market will completely be opened, abroad stockjobbers will threaten our stockjobbers seriously when they are familiar with the operations of our lacal ones, however, we can also obtain more and more opportunities at the same time : the market of our local stockjobbers will become wider from local to international capital market, it can advanced the speed of our local securities industry to improve the system conditions, to renovate manage system, to ameliorate the technic measures, to enrich the xervice breeds ; besides, it can also drive us to adjust the economica l structure, optimize the station of resource, transform the manage mechanism, all of these will provide a wider space for the local stockjobbers after entering the wto, the main develop trends of local stockjobbers are express at : invest - banking operations will become more important, the broking competition will be more fury, the property management will become the rising point of new profits of us

    雖然按對等原則，我國證券業也可以進入其他締約國金融市場並享受該國資本的同等待遇，但與境外券商相比，境內券商無論是在資產規模、資金實力、管理機制、經營效率，還是人才素質上，都無法與之抗衡。加入wto后，證券市場終將全面開放，國外證券公司在熟悉中國證券市場的操作后，將對國內券商的業務構成嚴重的威脅，以往國內券商發展業務的許多手段都將很快失靈，從而對券商的經營思路和發展戰略產生深刻的影響。然而，加入wto也使我國證券業獲得了更多新的發展機遇：將使國內券商的生存發展空間進一步拓展到國際資本市場的大舞臺；將從外部促使中國證券業向著市場化、規范化和多功能化的國際證券業發展趨勢快速推進，從而使證券業發展的制度環境得以改善；將促使我國券商更新管理體制，提高管理水平，改進和創新技術手段、業務方式和服務品種，提升競爭層次；此外，加入wto還將推動我國的經濟結構調整、資源優化配置和企業經營機制轉換，為券商開拓業務和進行各種創新活動提供了了廣闊的空間。
  14. The thesis " s innovation mainly lies in the following : through the analyses of the intergovernmental grant in the whole country and absorbing other countries " experience, it draws some common laws which is vital to the research on intergovernmental grants toward the west region after setting up the aim of our national financial grant, which is to enhance the equalization of the whole nation ' s public service, different with the ordinary idea of using the unconditional grants to achieve this aim, the thesis points out that regionality and phase should be noticed when grant is implemented toward specific region, and discusses the relations between aim and means of grant, combining with the improvement reality of the west region, viewing the matter from a angle of the relation between efficiency and fairness, direct short - term aim and final long - term aim, the thesis says that the west region should gets mainly conditional grant, and takes the unconditional grant as supplement, which can achieve fairness on the basis of improvement of efficiency

    文章的新意主要有：通過對我國財政轉移支付的分析，以及國際經驗的借鑒，得出規律性的結論，並在確立了我國財政轉移支付的目標是促進全國公共服務水平的均等化之後，一改用一般性轉移支付直接達到這一目標的常規思路，提出對具體地方的轉移支付方式要有地區性和階段性，並討論了轉移支付的目標和手段（或方式）的關系，結合西部的實際發展情況，從「效率」與「公平」 、 「直接近期目標」與「最終長期目標」的相互關系的視角出發，提出更好地實施對西部轉移支付的方式是以有條件轉移支付為主、無條件轉移支付為輔，在提高「效率」的基礎上來達到「公平」 。
  15. For the strategic goals as mentioned above the author proposed a development strategy of 6 points i. e. : 1. exploit the specialty of zhugang ' s hot rolling tandem mill fully to produce marketable hot rolled coils with high added value ; 2. develop ultra thin product varieties to " replace cold rolled products by hot rolled one " and create new market for these hot rolled coils ; 3

    為實現上述戰略目標，作者提出了珠鋼6項發展戰略：武漢理工大學碩士學位論文1 .充分發揮珠鋼熱連軋的專長，多生產銷售對路、附加值高的熱軋鑰卷: 2 .開發「以熱代冷」的超薄板品種，開拓熱軋鋼卷的新市場; 3 .建設具有「大酸洗、小冷軋」為特徵的冷軋鋼工程; 4 .為填補廣東省鋼材品種的空白，珠鋼冷軋生產應以多品種為己任; 5 .實施「一次總體規劃，分步建設實施」的滾動發展模式; 6 .提高企業物流管理水平，實現一體化的企業物流管理。
  16. On the other hand, in respect of the supply of logistics the thesis analyzes the trait of third party logistics providers. the thesis also analyzes the logistics industry structure in china. in so doing the thesis brings forward two models of logostics development ; i. e. lean logistics and dynamic alliance

    同時，本文具體分析我國物流業的產業結構和第三方物流企業的情況，有針對性地提出兩種發展模式：以中國郵政為代表的大型第三方物流企業的發展模式? ?精益物流；中小型第三方物流企業的發展模式? ?水平一體化的動態聯盟。
  17. The company mainly produces high - tension and low - tension electric equipment, thyristors electrical machinery soft starter, automatic regulating silicon piles etc. it developed the technology with own patent adopting sun shape heat tube radiators with steam and water separated, and developed the integrated power module unit including thyristors and rectifiers with the technology. the products organization is novel, and it conducts heat rapidly and has solved the difficult problems of heat dissipation in generator excitation and exchange power

    公司主要生產高低壓成套電器低壓動態無功補償裝置晶閘管電機軟啟動自動調壓硅堆等產品。研製開發出了「日」字形汽水分離式熱管散熱，並利用該技術開發了晶閘管整流管一體化功率組件，結構新穎，傳熱迅速，為發電機勵磁交流調功等領域解決了器件散熱難題，產品的各項性能均處于國內外領先水平。
  18. The article has researched the intention of agricultural industrialization which is guided by market and mainstay enterprises, based on agricultural product base organized by a lot of families, and characterized by joint management and mutual benefit. it also realized production specialization, product commercialization, service socialization and etc. the article has also researched the existing conditions of agricultural industrialization both at home and abroad. although it is different in national conditions and actual practice, the developed countries follows the market economic law and naturally steps on the road of agricultural industrialization. as the continuous reforming and opening up, china actively explores and enhances the management level of agricultural industrialization. the writer uses system changing theory, scale management theory, trade expense theory. market system theory and industrial economics theory, to put forward the main type of mainstay enterprises, which is divided by ownership, organization form, contact form and product. the writer thinks that development of mainstay enterprises can promote effective joining between small production and big market, the developing of high - benefit agriculture, establishing trade / industry / agriculture operation system, region economics and joining process between urban area and rural area. the existing conditions in strengthening the mainstay enterprises in zhaoyuan embodies continuous expanding in scale. continuous widening in fields, continuous enhancing in benefits, continuous improving in techology and quality. by finding the problem and shortage in product quality, developing ability and scale strength, the article has put forward the following views : face to market and enhance quality and techological content of agricultural products ; enforce flexible policy and investments ; establish fair and reasonable benefits joining system. the article has also put forward the countermeasures and suggestions on enhancing the enterprises ' management level

    文章研究了農業產業化經營的內涵，明確其以市場為導向、以龍頭企業為依託、以一大批農戶組成的農產品生產基地為基礎，形成農工商有機結合、風險共擔、利益均沾的本質特點，表現出生產專業化、經營一體化、企業規模化、產品商品化、服務社會化等特徵。分析了國內外產業化經營的現狀，認為盡管各國的國情不同，具體的做法和叫法不盡相同，但是經濟發達國家都遵循市場經濟規律，很自然走上了農業產業化經營的道路，發展中國家紛紛仿效，中國也隨著改革開放不斷深入，積極探索發展提高農業產業化經營水平。作者運用制度變遷理論、規模經營理論、交易費用理論、市場機制理論和產業經濟學理論，提出了龍頭企業從所有制形式、從組織形式、從聯系方式及從產品上劃分的主要類型；認為發展龍頭企業有促進小生產與大市場的有效對接、推動優質高效農業縱深發展、建立貿工農一體化運行機制、振興區域經濟、加速城鄉一體化進程等作用；考察了招遠市壯大龍頭企業推進農業產業化的現狀，表現在規模不斷擴大、領域不斷拓寬、效益不斷提高、技術不斷改進、質量不斷提高等方面；找出了龍頭企業產品質量上、開發能力上、規模實力上和行業自律上的問題和差距，提出了要面向市場，努力提高農產品的質量和科技含量，多策並舉，搞活投入機制，建立公平合理的利益聯結機制，加強行業自律，提高企業經營管理水平等對策和建議。
  19. The tingjing group is in putting into effect the course of mrpii system, a mrpii does not only regard one set of software to come to popularize and is regarding a management model to recommend ; by way of mrpii system and computer network, each department and post can be covered by the system on universal ground a staff can get any information that relates with oneself vocational work by way of the cross - domain communication at any time, gain the various policy decision supports of real time quantification, carrying on operation process imitates, not only can quicken the rate of progress planning the work such as formulation and cost accounting etc greatly, and still economize that the report form and data shortened whole vocational work period in the delay that the difference function circulated between the department, and retrenched the personnel of work, and raise the efficiency managing work conquer the solid foundation for business process reengineering ( bpr ), takes mrpii as the foundation, bpr has been in progress in the company and builded performance " s evaluation system

    引入mrp管理系統是提高管理水平的一個有效途徑。天健集團在實施mrp系統的過程中，不是把mrp僅僅作為一套軟體來推廣而是作為一個管理模式來引進的；通過mrp系統和計算機網路，各部門和崗位可以普遍地被系統覆蓋，員工通過網路隨時可以得到與自己業務有關的任何信息，取得實時量化的各種決策支持，進行業務流程模擬，不僅可以大大加速了計劃制訂、成本核算等工作的進度，還節省了報表、數據在不同職能部門之間流通的延誤，縮短了整個業務周期，精簡了事務性的人員，提高了管理工作的效率。還為實現組織的扁平化提供了條件，為流程重組打下了堅實的基礎。
  20. With the development of productivity and the improvement of science and technology, the constant elevation of consume standard, the more and more fierce competition between enterprises and the huge change of economy politics and society environments largely enhanced the incertitude of market, hence enterprises transformed their managements mode from vertical integration to horizontal integration in succession, supply chain management ( scm ) is typical representation of horizontal integration management idea. scm has been introduced to our country last years, but concerned departments of government and some enterprises seriously paid attention to it. as the important part of scm, logistics is the essential key for success or failure of scm

    隨著科學技術的進步和生產力的發展，顧客消費水平不斷提高，企業之間的競爭日益激烈，加上經濟、政治和社會環境的巨大變化，使整個市場的不確定性大大增加，於是企業紛紛將「縱向一體化」管理模式轉變為「橫向一體化」 ，供應鏈管理就是「橫向一體化」管理思想的一個典型代表。供應鏈管理引入我國是最近幾年的事，但是受到了政府有關單位和企業的高度重視。而物流作為供應鏈管理的重要組成部分，對供應鏈管理的成敗起到至關重要的作用。
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