法向形變 的英文怎麼說

And understanding and studying the spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets in the experimental area, raising that it is the basis of geo - targets information collection with imaging spectrometer data to understand spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets, realizing that in a great extent spectral - integrated - form - based classification method can remove the phenomenon of " different spectrum with same objects " resulted from reflection ratio curve translation because of the angle change among sensor, targets and observation direction, and the average and variance images can be introduced to solve the problem of two kinds of geo - target with similar spectral forms and much different values of whole reflection ratio. it is suggested that " red edge " range bands of vegetation, which has close relationship with vegetation cover and biomass, is the main characteristic bands and important basis for careful vegetation classification and quantitative retrieval, and pixel - based derivative spectral analysis is very useful for removing the effects of soil background values and quantitatively retrieving vegetation biomass and cover. the remote sense quantitative retrieval model is developed for main appraisable factors of desertification monitoring assessment with imaging spectrometer data and then the applicability of model is analyzed

研究結果如下：首先針對荒漠化地區的地物特徵，對高光譜數據不同波段的數據質量、波段組合進行了評價，提出了適用於荒漠化監測的基本波段選擇集；初步了解和掌握了研究地區的地物光譜特性及變異規律，進一步明確了掌握地物光譜特徵和變異規律是用成像光譜儀數據提取地物信息的基礎；發現了基於光譜整體形狀的分類方法在很大程度上能夠消除由於傳感器、地物目標觀測方向之間的角度變化引起的反射率曲線整體平移的「同物異譜」現象，對于譜形相似而整體反射率的值相差較大的兩類地物，通過引入均值和方差圖像參與分類得到解決；研究還表明在植被「紅邊」范圍內的波段是進行荒漠化監測的主要特徵波段，這些波段與植被生物量和蓋度都有密切的關系，是開展精細植被分類研究和植被定量反演的重要基礎；像元的導數光譜分析可以消除土壤背景的影響，是進行植被生物量和蓋度定量反演的有力工具；建立了荒漠化監測主要評價因子的定量反演模型，並分析了模型的適用性。

In reference to the practical changes in the deregulated markets of the advanced countries in the area of europe, america and asia and the countermeasures of the countries, combing with the problems encountered in the marketing and sales practice of the panzhihua brach of sinopec, the paper applies the swot analysis method, rationally analyzes the outside environment and inside conditions. according to the characterizes of gasoline resources, and the market situation after it transformed from the monopolistic style of planning economy to the monopolistic competition style, the paper also analyze the strengths and weakness of the industry brought by the forthcoming event of the permission of the wholesales market of gasoline. based on the above analysis, the paper posits the marketing strategic objectives and measures as follows : ensuring the management of suppliers, adding the retail and direct sales network, improving operating qualities, making the customer relationship management and realizing the multi - benefits of company and customers

本文在營銷理論的基礎上，通過親身經歷，調查了解，深入研究了成品油在國際、國內市場中過去、現在的市場狀況和發展歷程，參考國際上歐美及亞洲發達國家先期放開成品油管制後市場的實際變化和應對措施，以及結合中石化攀枝花公司營銷工作中存在的問題，理性分析營銷外部環境和內部條件，運用swot分析法，根據成品油能源特點，就成品油市場從計劃經濟的壟斷形式轉向目前國際國內市場競爭的壟斷性競爭的形式后，對成品油批發市場即將準入后的優劣、利弊進行了分析和研究，提出了「作好供應商管理，增加零售和直銷網路、提高經營質量，充分做好客戶關系管理，實現公司和客戶共同成長」的營銷戰略目標和戰略措施。

Based on the three new supposition and the tow new mechanical tools : moment vector and radius vector, the warping theory introduced the analytical method of the rotation of a cross section around a fixed axis, so as to make the space stability of the thin - walled member complanate and one - dimensioned

翹曲理論以三條新的假定和新建立的彎矩矢量和轉角向徑兩大力學工具為基礎，提出了繞定軸轉動的分析方法，使薄壁構件的空間變形平面化、一維化。

This article offers a method for solving the frictional drag, that is, according to the various buckled shapes of coiled tubing in different hole sections, working out the mean contact counterforce in a screw pitch in solving the radial contact counterforce

求解摩阻力時，可針對連續油管在井身中不同結構段的不同變形形狀，採用求解徑向接觸反力時求一個螺距內平均接觸反力的方法加以解決。

It compute the parameter of deflexion caused by thermal distortion in orbit, deduce the general expression for spreading beam after thermal distortion of reflector and the center deflexion of facula received in ccd. with the method of fixing etc, it put forward the restrain measures adopted accordingly

計算了在軌運行條件下反射鏡面熱變形引起的表面法向偏轉參數，推導了鏡面變形后出射光線的通用表達式以及鏡面變形前後在ccd探測器上的接收光斑中心偏轉量的計算表達式。

Firstly, it introduced the import principium resolving thread and steps of analytic hierarchy process. secondly, it erected model of population modernization, which based on the steps of analytic hierarchy process. lastly, it got the maximal eigenvalue of dissymmetric matrix and corresponding eigenvector with sas, and normalized the eigenvector to get weight value

本章分為兩部分，第一部介紹分析法的提出、原理以及解決問題的思路和步驟；第二部建立模型確定權重，根據層次分析法的原理和步驟，建立人口現代化指標體系的模型，運用sas求解所構造的非對稱判斷矩陣的最大特徵值，從而得出所對應的特徵向量，變形后得到權重。

Moreover, aiming at the location of inclined license plate, we have proposed the algorithm based on gray changing characteristic and orientation field. in this section, we discussed in detail the application of mathematical morphology operator in rough locating objective region and introduced the theory and realization method of orientation field. then we used it to detect inclined angel of objective region, finally we can precisely locate and emendate the inclined license plate based on detection result, and so we provided the favorable foundation for segmenting character

此外針對傾斜車牌區域的定位分割問題，提出了基於灰度變化特性和方向場計算的定位演算法，其中詳細討論了數學形態學運算元在目標區域粗定位中的應用，重點介紹了方向場計算理論和實現方法，並將其應用於目標區域傾斜角度的檢測，根據檢測得到的結果進行了傾斜車牌區域的準確定位和校正，為后續的字元分割打下良好的基礎。

Since the varies of gun attitude angle and the vertical vector of the homograph plane are one - to - one, all the elements of modulation gun can be transformed into the calculation of the vertical vector angle, which avoids the calculation accuracy loss of the traditional approach under the condition of the tiny attitude angle disturbance

由於火炮姿態角變化與相應平面的法向量是一一對應的，從而可將調炮諸元轉化為法向量夾角來計算，這樣可避免傳統方案在微小姿態角擾動情形下導致的計算精度可能的損失。

The thesis corers three basic viewpoints : first, it is imperative that government should reform and be aware of the national and international circumstances. second, the reform achievements and experiments lay the theoretic and realistic basises for the following all - round innovation of government. third, under the direction of governance and good governance theory, government reform should farther turn to service administration, limited administration by law and promote government capacity

本文主要提出了以下基本觀點：第一，政府改革勢在必行，但必須充分認識到我國目前所處的國際、國內形勢；第二，我國政府正在進行的局部改革成果將為政府管理全面創新奠定理論和現實基礎；第三，在治理和善治理念的指導下，政府改革應朝服務行政、有限行政、法治行政方向轉變，全面提升政府能力。

7mpa / km in the center of the zone ( 6 ) in the hot dry rock geothermal energy extraction system, after the system start to operate, the normal stress of crack show the pronounced influence depending on the temperature ' s change in a month, there are a marked drop in temperature nearby the injection well, forming a lower stress area, with the heat extraction, the temperature ' s change even gradually, but the temperature descend quickly nearby the production well, forming a new lower stress area

（ 6 ）高溫巖體地熱開發中，裂縫面法向應力受溫度變化的顯著影響，在系統開始運行的一個月內，注入井附近區域其溫度降低較快，形成低應力區;隨開采時間的延長，其溫度變化逐漸平緩，而生產井附近區域溫度降低加快，逐漸形成新的低應力區。

Effects of single joint with nonlinear normal deformation on p - wave propagation

非線性法向變形節理對彈性縱波傳播的影響

Specific measure is, change enterprise loses a this business severally the method of emeritus cost, change to be united to enterprise and worker according to fixed computational cardinal number and extraction scale by social insurance device or tax authority collect emeritus fee, form the emeritus fund that consolidates management by the society, the emeritus charge of company worker extends directly by social insurance device, or entrust bank, post - office generation hair and entrust an enterprise to extend, in order to achieve balanced with the emeritus expense burden that reduces an enterprise, the equal competition that is an enterprise creates a condition

具體辦法為，改變企業各自負擔本企業退休費的辦法，改由社會保險機構或稅務機關按照一定的計算基數與提取比例向企業和職工統一徵收退休費用，形成由社會統一治理的退休基金，企業職工的退休費用由社會保險機構直接發放，或委託銀行、郵局代發以及委託企業發放，以達到均衡和減輕企業的退休費用負擔，為企業的平等競爭創造條件。

State - owned enterprises legislation is also converting from the constructive shape of enterprises hi the past to the industrial investment policy

並且，國有企業法也正由原來的企業組織形態法向國家投資政策法轉變。

In this paper, on the basis of existing tracing method and differential coefficient method, five new methods are put forward, superposing of infinitesimal element - tangent method, differential coefficient - tangent method and equation method, by taking advantage of fast calculating ability of the computer. two - dimensional planar electrostatic field of complicated charged bodies are simulated successfully with these methods. the changing trend of electric field along a certain direction of a set of point charges are also given in this paper

本文利用計算機快速準確的計算能力及其強大的圖形處理功能，在現有循跡法和微分法的基礎上，提出了微元疊加一切線法、微分一切線法以及方程法方法，成功地模擬了一些復雜帶電體的二維平面靜電場以及平面分佈的點電荷系的電場沿空間某方向的變化趨勢。

Based on the transfer - matrix method, the general expressions of equivalent four - terminal network parameters of varying section torsional horn are derived, the relations between frequency equation and both the rotational velocity amplification and that of the surface tangential velocity of stepped type torsional ultrasonic horn with transitional section of cosine - like type are obtained

摘要基於傳遞矩陣演算法，推導出了變截面桿扭轉振動時等效四端網路參量的一般表達式，研究了帶類餘弦過渡段階梯形變幅桿扭轉振動頻率方程與角速度放大倍數及外表面切向速度放大倍數等的關系。

Abstract : the method of fast finite element analysis of sheet metal forming based on deformation theory was explored, and the computer program was implemented

文摘:研究了基於形變理論的金屬板料成形快速有限元分析的方法? ?反向方法，並實現了計算程序。

In this thesis, different types of stability equations, including orr - sommerfeld equation ( ose ) and parabolized stability equation ( pse ) based on the “ slow change ” hypothesis and the local method equation which is computed in local range, are derived from navier - stokes equation with “ small disturbance ” hypothesis

本文從navier - stokes方程出發，導出不同形式的流動穩定性方程，包括採用小擾動理論得到的orr - sommerfeld方程（ ose ） 、基於流向慢變特性而得到的拋物化穩定性方程（ pse ）以及在一小范圍內計算的局部法方程。

The direction of my thesis is creating a new type coherent coupling diode laser array with high optical quality by bidirectional coupling with optical fiber array. thus the welding quality and welding speed can be improved. in my research experiments, the cylinder fiber lens is used as a coupling lens system firstly

本課題首先使用柱透鏡耦合方案作為雙向耦合的先行方案，使用光學設計軟體模擬半導體激光器的光斑在經過光纖柱透鏡后的整形變化，指導了使用光纖柱透鏡進行大功率半導體激光器列陣與光纖密排陣列耦合的方法。

Detection of motion - target based on improved gradient vector flow snake model

基於改進梯度向量流形變模型的動目標檢測方法

Based on the minimum potential energy principal, the influences of three loads, which are concentrated force, trapezoidal load and sinusoid load, over shear lag of cantilever single - box - single - cell box girder are deducted and discussed, and a conclusion is reached, which has some instructive significance for designer to determine the sectional dimension and reinforcing bars ; the bending normal stress changes greatly as considering the shear lag effect

以最小勢能原理為基礎，推導並討論了3種形式的荷載：集中力、梯形荷載、正弦形荷載對懸臂單箱單室箱形梁剪力滯的影響，得出考慮剪力滯效應后彎曲法向應力有較大變化的結論，對設計人員確定截面尺寸、截面配筋具有一定的指導意義。