法定單證 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [fǎdìngdānzhèng]
法定單證
英文
legal document-
The structure of this paper goes like this, the first chapter introduce the development of e - b / l in practice and in laws. and draw a conclution that the electrification of the b / l is a history tide. in the second chapter, on the basic of reseach the security trap in e - b / l running, 1 conclude six security elements of, e - b / l : the liability of the system, the authenticity of dealers ' identity. the integrity and secrecy of electronic data, and the validity and evidence effectiveness of electronic data. from the third chapter to the eighth, 1 reseach these elements one by one. the third chapter introduce the establishment of the e - b / l security system, and some related laws the fourth chapter introduce the certification authority of e - b / l. in the fifth chapter, 1 introduce the encrypt of electronic information and some countries ' control on use / import / export crytography. the sixth chapter introduce the concept and principle of digital signature, and reseach some related legal issues. the seventh chapter reseach the legal demand of validity, then come to a conclution that to establish a independent electronic information system is necessary. in the eighth chapter, 1 reseach some countries " regulation on the evidence effectiveness of electronic data
第二章在分析電子提單運作中的安全隱患的基礎上，歸納出其六大安全要素，即系統的可靠性、交易者身份的真實性、數據電訊的機密性和完整性、數據電訊的合法有效性以及交易者行為的不可抵賴性。第三章到第八章分別對這六大要素進行分析：第三章介紹了電子提單網路安全體系的建立以及系統安全保護法規，第四章則介紹了電子提單的安全認證機構，第五章介紹了信息加密技術以及各國立法對密碼技術的進出口及使用的控制，第六章介紹了數字簽名的概念及原理，並以bolero為例介紹了數字簽名的技術方式，對有關法律問題作了論述；第七章首先論述了電子提單對有效性的法律需求，然後結合國內法和國際規則的規定論證了數據電訊制度產生的必然性；第八章通過對各國立法對電子證據的法律效力的規定，論述了對電子交易至關重要的數據電訊的不可抵賴性。The ata carnet however does not exempt other statutory requirements such as import or export licence or quota visa
然而， ata報關單證不豁免其他法例規定，例如進口或出口許可證或進口配額。Through a great deal of chemical element collections and in many ways of argument, the chemical element ( the famous spot historic monument and special product etc. in hangzhou ) that affirms the one has already can ' t represent hangzhou of now, but define deep hangzhou of the cultural bottom 蘊 with other more modern signs again much superficial with the 驕躁, and " 杭 " navigation, mean hangzhou only, in no way its idea, is because of " last years of the period of 禹, cruise the meeting 稽 to go to this, give up the sail debarkation, is a 杭, start to see in the writing ", so in addition to " 杭 " word, the manifestation of other one contents can ' t explain the whole hangzhou
經大量的元素收集及多方的論證，認定單一的元素（杭州的名勝古跡及特產等）已不能代表如今的杭州，而用其他更現代的符號來定義文化底蘊深厚的杭州又多顯浮華與驕躁，且「杭」通航，只意為杭州，絕無它意，是因「禹末年，巡會稽至此，舍航登陸，乃名杭，始見于文字」 ，因此除「杭」字外，其他單一內涵的表現形式無法詮釋整個杭州。The dissertatio n constructs the index system, introduces the coefficients of development, coordination, fairness, and the coefficient of sd, which is composed by the former three and can reflects the sd overall strength of watershed, brings forward the quantative criteria of in order that the research of wrcc is based on the good watershed ecology and environment, the dissertation, according to the ecological appropriate theory, builds the logarithm normal distribution model about the relation between the growth of natural vegetation and the depth of groundwater ; based on this relation model, proposes a quantitative method of ecological water requirement ( ewr ) of natural vegetation in arid area, which utilizes the results of rs technique and the spot testing data of vegetative physiology demand
針對流域特點建立了基於水資源的流域可持續發展評價指標體系，引入發展系數、協調系數、公平系數，以及由其構成的衡量水資源支撐社會可持續發展綜合水平與能力的可持續發展系數，提出了可持續發展的定量判別方法。為保證在良好生態的前提下進行水資源承載能力研究，論文根據生態適宜性理論，建立了乾旱區典型天然植物生長與主要環境因子的偏態單峰對數正態分佈模型。基於此關系模型，利用遙感技術成果以及植物生理需水的現場實驗數據，提出了乾旱區天然植被生態需水量計算方法。This thesis tries to update the cmdsr system to achieve the characters below : real - time, better robust, higher recognition rate, non - special - man. considering the disadvantages of traditional improved spectrum subtraction speech enhancement, this thesis proposes the theory of fuzzy spectrum subtraction based on the fuzzy theory and improved spectrum subtraction speech enhancement ; as for the difficulties of detecting the endpoint of speech signal, the thesis gives the table of initial and the improved parameters, with which we can confirm the endpoints of mandarin digit speech ; the thesis puts forward two - level digit real - time speech recognition system, the first level is based on discrete hidden markov model which is linear predictive coding cepstrum ( lpcc ) and difference linear predictive coding cepstrum ( dlpcc ), the second level is based on formant parameters ; as for the realization of hardware, the thesis depicts the realization of every part of cmdsr based on the tms320vc5402 in detail ; as for the development of software, the thesis gives the software design flow chart of cmdsr, simulates the basic theory with matlab language and gives the simulation results
針對傳統的「改進譜相減法語音增強」參數設定單一、環境適應能力差的缺點，提出了一種利用模糊理論和「改進的譜相減法」結合的「模糊譜相減法語音增強」 ;針對語音信號端點檢測困難的特點，通過matlab模擬試驗，給出了能夠準確確定數碼語音端點的初始和改進參數表;提出了利用基於線性預測編碼倒譜參數和差分線性預測編碼倒譜參數相結合的離散隱含馬爾可夫模型進行第一級識別、利用共振峰參數進行第二級識別的兩級漢語數碼語音識別系統，在保證系統實時性的同時，實現連接漢語數碼語音識別系統識別率的提高;在硬體實現上，詳細闡述了基於tms320vc5402的連接漢語數碼語音識別系統各部分硬體設計;在軟體開發上，給出了連接漢語數碼語音識別的軟體設計各部分的流程圖，並對各部分進行了matlab模擬，並給出了模擬結果。Using the net assets per capital, the investment return rate, the t - m model, the h - m model, the single factor evaluating model which consists of the treynor index, the jensen index, the sharpe index and the square m index, we evaluate the performance of the twelve mutual funds. and we come to the following conclusions : ( 1 ) after the modification of the risk factor, our mutual funds in the recent one year outguess the market ; ( 2 ) better performance comes from the aid of the government, the improvement of the investment environment and the hard, smart work of the managers especially in the way of selecting some securities in the capital market. ( 3 ) though we make progress, there are still many problems which prevent the further development of our mutual funds such as the devise of the management fee and the characteristics of different funds, all of them divided into the subjective ones and the objective ones
通過使用投資基金單位凈資產和投資收益率指標、單因素整體績效評估模型，包括treynor指數、 jensen指數、 sharpe指數和業績的m ~ 2測度以及t - m 、 h - m模型對12隻樣本基金進行實證研究，實證研究表明： （ 1 ）經過風險調整后，在最近的一年中，我國證券投資基金的業績總體上優於市場基準組合； （ 2 ）基金業績的提高得益於管理層的重視、投資環境的改善和基金經理的經營，而基金經理的良好業績是通過一定的證券選擇來獲得的； （ 3 ）已成為證券市場上舉足輕重力量的基金在發展過程中雖然取得了一定的成績但其進一步發展還面臨著許多問題，有主觀存在的諸如管理費率的設定、基金風格方面的問題等等，也有客觀存在的諸如證券市場現階段的不完善等等，所以，我們應該抓住《證券投資基金法》問世帶給基金業發展的契機，大力促進證券投資基金規范發展，採取各種措施做大、做優和做強基金業。Concretely speaking, the stock of listed company, because of its existence free of paper and the electrical trade style, should be registered at the stock exchange and on the register of members ; to the stocks of non - listed company, if they are order stocks, they should be transferred to the pledger with endorsement and also be registered on the register members ; if non - order stocks, they should be transferred to the pledger directly. another one is how t o optimize the register member. the third part expounds the legal effects
因此對有限公司股權質押而言，應移轉股單于質權人佔有；對股份公司股票因其是否上市而不同，對上市公司股票因其存在形式的無紙化及交易的電子化而且是記名性股票，所以需要在法定的證券交易場所和公司股東名冊上進行設質登記；對于非上市公司的股票因其以紙面形式存在，如果是記名股票則需要在股票上進行背書並移轉于質權人佔有，以及在公司股東名冊上進行質押登記；如是無記名股票，則需在證券交易所將股票交付質權人佔有。The solution was proven by experiments to be easy, fast, with high precision, and suitable to on - field calibration
通過實驗分析驗證，該方法簡單、快速，且精度較高，適用於傳感器的現場標定。The main purpose of this paper is to study crack growth rate of a class of nonlinear viscoelastic materials under the condition of constant load and small - strain. in this paper : the new test program is raised by referencing the existing test programs and by our trial and error ; in the new test program, facilities involved in the nonlinear viscoelastic crack tests are relatively few, the test process is relatively simple and the data obtained from the experiments are credible. on this basic, the calculation of j integral of nonlinear viscoelastic double cantilever beams specimens and the parameter of fracture work of corresponding nonlinear viscoelasticity are derived
具體成果包括： 1 、證實了雙懸臂梁試件用於非線性粘彈性裂紋擴展實驗研究的優點：雙懸臂梁試件在實驗中能觀測到的擴展過程持續時間比較長，在計算j積分時，計算方法簡單； 2 、得到了改性聚丙烯材料用於非線性粘彈性裂紋擴展實驗的兩種有效的試件構形和相應的試件尺寸；採用不斷改善夾具的方法使得加載穩定； 3 、經過連續四個多月的時間得到了一組有用的實驗數據； 4 、得到了裂紋長度與時間的關系、裂紋擴展速度與時間的關系、裂紋擴展速度與裂紋長度的關系。Where the place of payment was not prescribed or clearly prescribed, and cannot be determined in accordance with article 61 hereof, the buyer shall make payment at the seller ' s place of business, provided that if the parties agreed that payment shall be conditional upon delivery of the subject matter or the document for taking delivery thereof, payment shall be made at the place where the subject matter, or the document for taking delivery thereof, is delivered
對支付地點沒有約定或者約定不明確，依照本法第六十一條的規定仍不能確定的，買受人應當在出賣人的營業地支付，但約定支付價款以交付標的物或者交付提取標的物單證為條件的，在交付標的物或者交付提取標的物單證的所在地支付。With the powerful technical force, we have the high design creativity. the annual production capacity of single class product line are more than 50 million yuan. our company were award the honour of " quality first, credit first " and the legal measurement enterprise by shantou people s government and chaoyang people s government for many times
年單班生產能力1億多元，企業連年來被汕頭市人民政府授予「重合同，守信用」光榮稱號和法定計量單位全國aaa質量信用企業納稅信用a級企業，並已經通過了iso 14001環境管理體系和iso 9001質量管理體系認證2005年度還被評為誠信納稅模範事跡刊登在廣東省國家稅務局網站。The classification to transport document is worth learning
對運輸單證的分類規定值得我國海商法學習。Writer ' s view of point is that delivery of cargo without original bills of lading has the character of breaching of the contract, because releasing cargo against original bills of lading is carrier ' s legal liability in carrying out the carriage of goods by sea. also it has the character of action in tort, as if the actions violate the civil law of liability in tort, the doer shall take on the liability of compensation. however when actions are both of breach and in tort, the chinese law gives the victim the rights to choose to sue in tort or of breach, but some limitations in applying substantive law
第二章論述無單放貨的法律性質，筆者認為，無單放貨具有違約性，因為保證憑正本提單交付貨物是承運人在履行海上貨物運輸合同中的一項法定義務；無單放貨具有侵權性，只要無單放貨行為構成承擔侵權行為民事責任的要件，無單放貨行為人就必須承擔賠償責任；同時，無單放貨的違約性和侵權性可能構成責任競合時，我國法律允許受害人可以選擇一個訴因行使其請求權，但對實體法請求權的選擇，法律作出了一定范圍的限制；最後，無單放貨在某種程度上促進了航運業的發展，我們不能一概加以否定，無單放貨在特定情況下具有一定的合理性。Secondly, we introduce the recurrence definition of the non - uniform algebraic - hyperbolic b - spline basis using divided differences and the de boor - fix recurrence definition on polynomial functions, and based on the new forms, algebraic - hyperbolic b - spline curves are obtained. they share most of the properties as those of the b - spline curves in the polynomial space. we focus on deducing the calculating and knot inserting formulae for this new kind of curves and then prove that they have the variation diminishing properties
二、利用廣義差商，基於多項式b樣條的deboor - fix遞推定義，給出了任意階非均勻代數雙曲b樣條的遞推定義，由此構造麯線，證明它的幾何不變性、仿射不變性、凸包性、 v . d .性等，重點給出了非均勻代數雙曲b樣條曲線的遞歸求值和節點插入演算法，演算法簡單且穩定，便於在計算機上實現Article 47 domestic organizations that fabricate, alter, lend, transfer, or repeated use import and export check - off sheets in violation of stipulations on the management of foreign exchange check - offs, or fail to go through check - off procedures shall be warned and criticized by foreign exchange administrations, have their illegal incomes confiscated, fined between rmb 50, 000 yuan and rmb 300, 000 yuan, or be affixed with legal responsibilities if they commit crimes
第四十七條境內機構違反外匯核銷管理規定，偽造、塗改、出借、轉讓或者重復使用進出口核銷單證的，或者未按規定辦理核銷手續的，由外匯管理機關給予警告，通報批評，沒收違法所得，並處5萬元以上30萬元以下的罰款；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。We first design the construction modules of serially concatenated quantum convolutional code. and then design the corresponding code - coding gate - array. in quantum error avoiding code, we first unified the definitions of decoherence - free subspace, and then proved that all these definitions are equivalent
在量子避錯碼方面，統一了各種無消相干子空間的定義，證明了各種定義之間的等價性，同時提出一種利用群論方法構造無消相干子空間的簡單方案。A rapid, simple method has been developed for determination of ammonium perchlorite by using formaldehyde. this experiment proved that this method saved measuring time, raised speed and efficiency
摘要實驗證明甲醛法測定銨鹽含量，只要準確測定出較正因子對結果加以校正，是能夠直接使用未經蒸餾去除甲醇的甲醛溶液而測定結果不存在顯著差異，本方法簡單、快速。So how to transfer scientifically self - balanced test data into top load curve according to its actual working behavior, become the obstacle of its practical application. in accordance with actual forcing behavior and reaction mechanism between pile and soil, the article analyzes the relation between top part and bottom part, load transferring mechanism and difference with other loading way by ansys program. so the reliability of determine bearing capacity by self - balance method has been proved
本文根據自平衡加載方式下樁身的實際受力狀況、樁土間的相互作用機理以及單樁破壞機理，建立了單樁的離散元模型，採用ansys通用分析軟體，選取合理的單元類型、材料特性等，數值分析了基樁在自平衡加載方式下上下樁段的相互關聯、荷載傳遞機理以及與其它加載方式的區別，論證了採用自平衡試樁法測定單樁極限承載力的可行性。The qualitative analysis method includes standardization investigate method, " four stage symptom " analysis method, " three months fund turnover chart " analysis method, technological process picture analysis and mark management method. the quantitative analysis method includes single variable model, various variable model, z score model, f score model, relative liquidity target and the way of empirical analysis
其中定性分析法介紹了標準化調查法、 「四階段癥狀」分析法、 「三個月資金周轉表」分析法、流程圖分析法和管理評分法；定量分析法介紹了單變量模型、多變量模型、 z計分模型、 f計分模型、相對流動性指標和實證分析方法。Said certification marks mean signs which are controlled by organizations capable of supervising some goods or services and used by entities or individual persons outside the organization for their goods or services to certify the origin, material, mode of manufacture, quality or other characteristics of the goods or services
本法所稱證明商標，是指由對某種商品或者服務具有監督能力的組織所控制，而由該組織以外的單位或者個人使用於其商品或者服務，用以證明該商品或者服務的原產地、原料、製造方法、質量或者其他特定品質的標志。分享友人