法律上的承認 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [fǎlǜshàngdechéngrèn]
法律上的承認 英文
de jure recognition
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 律 : Ⅰ名1 （法律; 規則） law; rule; statute; regulation 2 （律詩的簡稱） short for lüshi 3 （姓氏） a ...
  • 上 : 上名詞[語言學] （指上聲） falling-rising tone
  • 的 : 4次方是 The fourth power of 2 is direction
  • 承 : Ⅰ動詞1 （托著; 接著） bear; hold; carry 2 （承擔） undertake; contract （to do a job） 3 （客套話...
  • 認 : 動詞1 （認識; 分辨） recognize; know; make out; identify 2 （建立關系） enter into a certain rela...
  • 法律 : law; statute法律保護 legal protection; 法律程序 legal procedure; 法律承認 de jure recognition （...
  1. Of policy - holder and insurance mark between ought to have concern of jural approbatory interest

    投保人與保險標的之間應當具有法律上承認的利益關系。
  2. This article consists of five parts as following : mortgage of uncompleted building was originated from the common law and the law of hong kong, so the paper probes into its meaning - the transformation of the specific property right ; when the debtor fails to perform his duty, the creditor can obtain the title determinately ; the debtor enjoys the right of redeeming the collateral security through fulfilling his debt, the creditor has the obligation of returning the property at the same time. secondly, the author summaries its essential feature on the practice of the real estate mortgage hi the mainland of china - the target of the mortgage is a kind of expective interest ; the mortgage is a kind of guarantee which is settled through making over the interests in expectancy ; the risk of the mortgaged uncompleted building should be borne by the realty company instead of the mortgagor ; the phase of the mortgage ; mortgage is realized in a particular way. thirdly, on the basis of analyzing the legal nexus that is involved, the paper points out that the legal ne xus of the mortgage is just between the mortgagor and the mortgagee

    樓花按揭作為一種擔保方式起源於英美法上的mortgage ，所以本文第一部分首先探討了mortgage在英美法上的含義：特定財產權利的轉移；在債務人不履行債務時，債權人可以確定地取得所有權；債務人享有通過履行債務而贖回擔保物的權利，同時債權人負有交還財產的義務。其次，就我國的樓花按揭實踐總結了其基本特徵：樓花按揭涉及兩個合同三方當事人；樓花按揭的標的是一種期待性利益；樓花按揭是通過轉讓物業權益而設定的一種擔保方式；預售樓花滅失的風險應有開發商承擔；樓花按揭的階段性；樓花按揭實現方式的特殊性。最後，分析了樓花按揭所牽涉的各個法律關系，認為真正的樓花按揭法律關系只是購房人與銀行之間的按揭貸款關系，按揭當事人只有購房人（按揭人）與銀行。
  3. Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law

    再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。
  4. On the base of the general principle in the civil law such as equality, voluntary, justness, trust, and none - abuse right, the main relieve means are compensation of property damage and adopt the other responsible approach. we improve the law system of personality right from consummating the right of name and portrait, agreement with the transfer of the part personality right, to regulating the relative heritance of the relative personality right in china

    在遵循平等、自願、公平、誠信和權利不得濫用等民法基本原則的基礎上，對侵害人格權商品化的救濟方式應以財產損害賠償為主、兼采其他責任方式，並從完善姓名權、肖像權等人格權制度，承認部分人格權的可轉讓性，規定有關人格權的相對可繼承性等方面完善中國的人格權法律制度。
  5. The author argues that two step shouid be taken to judge the causation properly. the first step is to anaiyze whether causation in fact is decided according to the but for ruie ; the second step to anaiyze whether causation in iaw is decided according the foreseeabiiity ruie. from those steps the causation can be decided and the scope of the carrier ' s iiability is fixed

    本文針對審判中判斷因果關系的方法和標準不統一的問題，提出應當明晰化實踐中採用的因果關系認定方法，認定因果關系時應當分兩個層次進行，首先是根據要不則無規則判斷事實上的因果關系是否成立，其次是根據合理預見規則判斷法律上的因果關系是否成立，最後根據因果關系得出承運人的賠償范圍。
  6. Establishing principle of a legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime, the constitutive elements of a crime stipulated in the criminal law is the sole legal basis of conviction, so we ought to research them in the angle of constitution of crimes. based on our current theories of constitution of crimes, in this thesis, the author detailed studied the series of acts both prescribed in the criminal law and wide - recognizied in the academic circles, and proved that in which element they did not accord with the constitution of a crime

    這種研究方法並不科學，尤其是罪刑法定原則確立后，犯罪構成就是定罪的唯一法律根據，我們也應該從犯罪構成的角度來審視它們。本文立足於我國的犯罪構成理論，對刑法明文規定的以及理論上廣為承認的一系列不構成犯罪的行為進行了較為詳細的分析，從犯罪構成的角度論證了它們分別是在哪一個要件上阻卻成立犯罪的。
  7. Because the family contract responsibility system involves too many aspects, the author will discuss this problem from two aspects, namely, the original and the derivative acquisition of the contractual right of land, which concerns the possessor and the user of the contractual right of land, the alienation, inheritance, mortgage, tenancy and share of the contractual right of the land, and land registration etc. so as to make the system more theoretically and legislatively reasonable, and more practically applicable

    分析現有制度在主體關系確認上存在的不足，提出擺脫對承包地所有權主體性質的爭論，確認所有權主體在實踐中的代表人為村民委員會;定性承包地經營權主體的法律地位，且非本社區的成員禁止原始取得該社區土地的承包經營權。第三部分具體探討土地承包經營權的傳來取得。分析土地承包經營權的轉讓、抵押、繼承、入股、出租等在立法和實踐中存在的問題。
  8. We must have a comprehensive and objective understanding of dicey ’ s theoretical system. he was launched from three aspects : first, in the conflict law or private international law sense, the discussion of the nature of the subject, including the case of a foreign element, the division of the england law, the explain of the ambiguity of " law of a given country ", the time of the emergence of the rules about choice of law is later than the local law, the reasons for the application of foreign law, the similarities among the rules about choice of law of civilized nations ; second, the appropriate methods for the treatment of conflict of laws, including theoretical method and positive method ; third, the general principles underlying the rules or maxims which collectively make up the branch of law, including six principles of jurisdiction and choice of law

    然而，本文認為這些批判中存在著對戴西理論認識上的局限性。戴西運用實證的方法，在充分考察英國國際私法的基礎上，承認了法律域外效力，客觀劃分了法律部門，提出了保護既得權這一原則。通過對戴西既得權理論的重述，對既有的對戴西理論的評價的反思，本文重新評價了戴西的既得權理論，並且發掘了既得權方法對于國際私法的現實意義，從而有益於國際私法的理論研究和實踐發展。
  9. Any marriage, whether or not so recognized, entered into outside hong kong according to the law of the place where it was entered into but shall not, in the case of a marriage which is both potentially and actually polygamous, include marriage between a man and any wife other than the principal wife

    在香港以外任何地方按照當地法律而締結的婚姻，不論該婚姻是否獲香港法律承認，但如該婚姻有可能並且實際上是多配偶制婚姻，則「婚姻」不包括一名男子與其正妻以外的其他妻子之間的婚姻。
  10. Writer ' s view of point is that delivery of cargo without original bills of lading has the character of breaching of the contract, because releasing cargo against original bills of lading is carrier ' s legal liability in carrying out the carriage of goods by sea. also it has the character of action in tort, as if the actions violate the civil law of liability in tort, the doer shall take on the liability of compensation. however when actions are both of breach and in tort, the chinese law gives the victim the rights to choose to sue in tort or of breach, but some limitations in applying substantive law

    第二章論述無單放貨的法律性質，筆者認為，無單放貨具有違約性，因為保證憑正本提單交付貨物是承運人在履行海上貨物運輸合同中的一項法定義務；無單放貨具有侵權性，只要無單放貨行為構成承擔侵權行為民事責任的要件，無單放貨行為人就必須承擔賠償責任；同時，無單放貨的違約性和侵權性可能構成責任競合時，我國法律允許受害人可以選擇一個訴因行使其請求權，但對實體法請求權的選擇，法律作出了一定范圍的限制；最後，無單放貨在某種程度上促進了航運業的發展，我們不能一概加以否定，無單放貨在特定情況下具有一定的合理性。
  11. The main types of college teachers ’ appointment contract include : the college teachers ’ of the fixed deadline, the college teachers ’ appointment contract of the deadline to complete the certain work, and the college teachers ’ appointment contract of the special attendance, and also we can get another two types of college teachers ’ appointment contract, which are individual college teachers ’ appointment contract and collective college teachers ’ appointment contract, according to the number of people in one party ; they must be work out by the strict written form, and must pass through the offer and the acceptance step, and don ’ t acknowledge the legal effect of the factual appointment contract ; after the appointment contract becomes effective, the higher college as the appointed party and the teacher as engaged party should completely fulfill the right and obligation provisions in the contract under the instructions of the three principles : fulfill personally, comprehensively, cooperatively. in which, the teachers ’ rights and obligations include : enjoy and undertake the rights and obligations as the specialist engaged in education, teaching and the scientific research ; may change or terminate the contract on the basis of the bilateral consultation, but dismissal and resignation must conform to the agreement or the legal matter ; in the liabilities for breach the contract, be headed by the practical fulfillment, including other two remedial way which are damage compensation and penalty ; in the dispute solution, must establish the perfect concrete mediation system, the arbitration and the civil lawsuit system

    高校教師聘任合同主要類型為固定期限的高校教師聘任合同、以完成一定工作為期限的高校教師聘任合同和特殊照顧的高校教師聘任合同，也可依據合同當事人一方人數的多寡不同，也可將個人高校教師聘任合同和集體高校教師聘任合同;其應當以嚴格的書面形式訂立，須經過要約、承諾步驟，且不應當承認事實聘任合同的法律效力;聘任合同生效后，作為聘任方的高等學校和受聘方的教師應當在親自履行、全面履行和協作履行三大原則的指導下完全履行合同中所約定的權利義務條款，其中教師的權利義務內容包括作為一般公民和作為從事教育教學及其科研活動的專業人員所應享有或者承擔的權利義務;經過雙方的協商可以變更或者終止合同，但解聘和辭聘必須符合約定或者法定的事由;在違約責任形式上，應當確立以實際履行為首，包括損害賠償、違約金等三種補救方式;在爭議解決方式上應當建立健全具體的調解制度、仲裁和民事訴訟制度。
  12. This article is mainly a discussion on the spiritual damage compensation for close relatives of victim under the situations of damage to right of life, damage to the right of health and damage to the right of personality of the dead, which is based on an introduction and comparison of the concerned foreign legal regulations and academic theories and in combination with the legal practice in china wherefore the author put forwards his own ideas as following : first, under the condition that there is a distance of time between inj ury and death, the close relatives of the dead shall inherit the right of claim for spiritual damage compensation of the dead for the suffering before his death, in addition to their own intrinsic right of claim for spiritual damage compensation ; the second, under the condition that the inflictor has caused the disablement of the sufferer or serious damage to his health, the close relative in a limited cycle of the sufferer should be granted with the right of claim for spiritual damage compensation, which is confirmed in law and becomes a practice in foreign countries ; the third, since the aim of the law to protect the personality of the dead from infringement is to protect the benefits of the close relatives of the dead and to maintain public benefits, is constituted on the personality of the dead the close relative of the dead may initial legal proceeding for spiritual damage compensation

    本文重點探討的就是公民生命權受到侵害、健康權受到侵害、 「死者人格」受到侵害這三種情形下的受害人近親屬的精神損害賠償請求權問題。探討以介紹和比較國外相關法律規定和學術理論為前提，結合我國的實際情況，從理論與實踐相結合的角度對以上各問題分別進行了分析，並提出了作者自己的一些見解：第一、在公民從受傷害到死亡有一段時間距離的情形下，死者的近親屬除依法享有其固有的精神損害賠償請求權以外，還可以繼承死者生前就其所受之精神損害而享有的精神損害賠償請求權；第二、在加害人的行為已造成直接受害人殘疾，或者是造成其健康嚴重受損的其他後果的情形下，我國應在借鑒國外已有立法和判例的基礎上，賦予一定范圍內的受害人近親屬以精神損害賠償請求權；第三、法律保護死者人格不受侵害的目的是為了保護死者近親屬的利益和維護公共利益，一般情形下，只要死者近親屬能證明其訴訟主體的合法性，能夠證實侵害「死者人格」的行為已構成侵權，即可推定死者近親屬因此而遭受了精神痛苦? ?無須舉證的「名義上的精神損害」 ，死者近親屬即可提起精神損害賠償之訴。最後，本文認為，加強對受害人近親屬的權利和利益保護問題的研究，既有一定的必要性，同時又具有十分重要的現實意義。
  13. This paper began from the definition gender and analyzed the traditional concepts of equality and tried to explain that the former what - is - called equality wrong point of view which wanted to efface the existing difference between man and woman and wanted to get the absolute equality. with the help of some postmodern terms and views, the writer tries to descontruct the traditional mode of equality and tries to take advantage of the individual characters of man ' s and woman ' s to make them can enjoy differential equality on the basis of admitting the i nfluence of gender on man and woman. the writer also suggests that the party that take more duties or lossed because of the differential equality should be compensated by the government through the laws, policies and economic approaches

    然而，現實生活中，女性得到的平等權仍是形式上的平等，離真正的男女平等還相差甚遠，造成此現象的原因是多方面的，本文僅從「社會性別」這一概念入手，通過對傳統平等觀的剖析，說明以往的平等權是一種企圖抹殺客觀存在的男女性別差異和社會性別的影響，要求男女絕對一樣的平等的錯誤觀點，筆者藉助后現代主義的部分觀點試圖解構這種傳統固定的平等模式，以期在承認社會性別對男女影響的基礎上，發揮、利用男性與女性各自的優點和特點，對其實行有差別的平等，對由於實行「有差別」的平等給女性（或男性）造成的損失或對多承擔義務的一方，國家從法律、政策、經濟等多方面對受損害者和多承擔義務者給予救濟，以此達到女性平等權的真正實現。
  14. It has four faces : recognition of love in early theological writings is non - historical ; jenaer manuscript described the recognitions based on affection of family, form of law and essence of nation which bear many similarities to the corresponding discuss in elements of the philosophy of right, but they are different on the questions of function of family and the coming into being of civil society ; phenomenology of spirit builds the mutual recognition between human beings on the politics of battle of life and death and implies a radical revolutionary standpoint

    它有四副面孔：早期神學著作中的愛的承認關系是非歷史的；耶拿手稿描述了社會倫理發展中的家庭的情感承認關系、法律的形式承認關系和國家的實質承認關系； 《法哲學原理》中的相應論述與此有著很多一致之處，但在家庭的職能和市民社會的產生等問題上存在著重大差異； 《精神現象學》則把人與人之間的相互承認奠基於生死斗爭的政治，從而暗示了一種激進的革命立場。
  15. From belongings attributive or have on say, always insurant ( namely insurance application ) all or management, or keep for other, or the belongings that be shared with other place and is in charge of by insurant and the property that have other jural approbatory and insurant to have economic interests, belong to the insurance limits of company worth

    從財產的歸屬或佔有上說，凡是被保險人（即投保單位）所有或經營治理，或替他人保管，或與他人所共有而由被保險人負責的財產以及具有其他法律上承認的與被保險人有經濟利害關系的財產，都屬于企業財產的保險范圍。
  16. Because only the stock price rises can the management get compensation from the margin between the exercise price and the market price of the stock of the corporation. this article discusses the legal problems of establishing stock option system in our country. this article consists of four parts

    股票期權源於西方，在我國是新生事物，甚至在法律上沒有得到承認，所以關于股票期權的概念，在我國仍有爭議，本文首先將股票期權與期股、員工持股做比較，然後闡述股票期權的特徵。
  17. " this is an important piece of legislation that gives legal recognition to relationships that until now were invisible in the eyes of the law, " miss munn said

    「過去一直被法律視而不見的同性戀關系現在獲得了法律上的承認，這是立法上的一個重要進步。 」
  18. Insurable interest is the one that the insured has in subject matter insured recognized by law

    保險利益是指投保人對保險標的所具有的法律上承認的利益。
  19. In practice, can regard company worth as safe mark have the following kinds : ( 1 ) belong to enterprise itself all or what be shared with other person and keep by this enterprise is corporeal belongings ; ( 2 ) by business management of enterprise or the tangible worth that keep for other ; ( 3 ) the tangible worth that other has jural approbatory and enterprise to have economic interests

    實踐中，可作為企業財產保險的標的有以下幾種： （ 1 ）屬于企業本身所有或與其它人共有而由該企業保管的有形財產； （ 2 ）由企業經營治理或替他人保管的有形財產； （ 3 ）其它具有法律上承認的與企業有經濟利害關系的有形財產。
  20. The new york convention set up a legal frame for an international system of acknowledgement and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards and limits the factors which grants the courts in the enforcement country to make a refusal decision, and these principles had already been largely absorbed by domestic laws

    《紐約公約》在國際層面建立了一個承認與執行外國仲裁裁決制度的法律框架，同時對被申請承認與執行國法院拒絕承認與執行外國裁決的理由加以限制，這些制度在很大程度上已為各國國內法所吸收。
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