法律之概念 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [fǎlǜzhīgàiniàn]
法律之概念 英文
the concept of law
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 律 : Ⅰ名1 （法律; 規則） law; rule; statute; regulation 2 （律詩的簡稱） short for lüshi 3 （姓氏） a ...
  • 概 : Ⅰ名詞1 （大略） general outline 2 （神氣） manner of carrying and conducting oneself; deportment ...
  • 念 : Ⅰ動詞1 （看著文字發出聲音; 讀） read aloud 2 （上學） study; attend school 3 （想念; 考慮） think...
  • 法律 : law; statute法律保護 legal protection; 法律程序 legal procedure; 法律承認 de jure recognition （...
  • 概念 : concept; conception; notion; idea
  1. The writer recognizes that as well to should include the concordat the occasion, quanta that establish him also infringement not default the square ' s proper avail, non obstinate this fraction the avail and does not occupy the point, and deny their entity but the non possums, for example the corporeal have the minor faults, treaty about body breach of warranty the etc. ultimately is a treaty about the negligence responsibility is an infringement reliance avail, the writer recognize and should include the modern law of contract of proper avail, quanta to have the infringement

    最後就是締約過失責任是只侵犯了信賴利益嗎，筆者認為應該包括固有利益，因為現代契約法有侵權法向合同法轉移的情況，其根源就是侵犯的包括固有利益。再次是關于預期違約責任的一些問題，預期違約來源於英美法系，對于預期違約的概念國內有三種，筆者認為它的定義是在合同締結之後至合同履行期到來之前產生的履約危險加以救濟的法律制度。
  2. This dissertation takes feuerbachs meticulous logical structure as masterstroke, explains his whole deduction process, which from the conception of civil penalty to the theory of psychological coercion, again from law deterrence to the principle of legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime. and it also states that, feuerbach takes the external behavior for condemnatory object, obviates the intervention of sentiment, abandons moral punishment or moral principles, moreover, excludes judiciary arbitrariness by means of law restriction, besides, emphasizes law deterrence and creates the theory of psychological coercion, and as a result establishes the principle of legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime

    本文以費爾巴哈嚴謹縝密的邏輯結構為主線，梳理了其從市民刑罰概念的構築到心理強制說的提出、再到確定刑罰法規中法律威懾思想的確立直至罪刑法定主義原則的整個推論過程，闡釋了費爾巴哈把客觀的、外部的行為作為處罰的對象，排除情操的介入，把法律置於可罰性的絕對根據之中，擯棄道德性刑罰或道德性原理，通過把法官約束在法律之中的方式排斥了法官的恣意專斷，又強調法律的威懾，創立心理強制說，從而確立了罪刑法定主義的刑法思想。
  3. Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law

    再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。
  4. Ehrlich is generally accepted as a producer of the sociology of law according to his idea about the concept and the source of law different from tradition

    埃利希之所以被法學界公認為法社會學的創始者，在於他對法律概念和法律來源的解釋不同於傳統的觀念。
  5. However, the relevant questions are full of challenge. in the world scope, the negotiable instrument consideration is seldom provided in the negotiable instrument laws of the countries in the genevese uniform negotiable instrument law system, which is not meant that the negotiable instrument consideration is nothing important. it has both theoretic and practical meanings

    我國法律體繫系屬大陸法系，在民法體系中沒有規定對價制度，我國票據法總體上也是采納日內瓦統票法系的立法思路，但是在第10條第2款規定: 「票據的取得，必須給付對價」 ，首次將對價這個概念引入我國的基本法律之中。
  6. This article analyses four double fundamental legal conceptions separately, which are hohfeld ’ fundamental legal conceptions ? ? the lowest common denominators, by means of semantic analysis and psychology, and are simplified to three double fundamentally legal conceptions, and make the conceptions of “ rights ” clear, and reveal various relations of concepts, and points out working process of rights, and puts forward a new right structure model, and applies the right structure model to analyses differentiation of real rights and creditor ' s rights, and raises a new differentiation of rights of property

    本文用語義分析的方法並借鑒了心理學的知識對霍菲爾德的權利基本概念? ? 「法律最小公分母」 ，四對八個基本法律概念做了逐一分析，將其精簡到三對六個基本法律概念，釐清權利概念的含義，並揭示各概念之間的關系，指出權利的發生過程，提出新的權利結構模型。並應用該權利結構模型對物權和債權的劃分做了分析，提出財產權的新的劃分。
  7. It starts with the definition of director, pointing out that director refers to the principal who has the rights to attend directorate meetings, participate in decision - making of company ' s important management affair and delegate the company, including board chairman, vice board chairman, executive director, director, administrative officer and syndic. at the same time, this article takes the legal status of director ( namely the relationship between director and company ) for the basis of establishing director liability. this kind of relationship has many theories such as entrustment, deputing and commission regarding to different legal culture tradition of different countries

    文章從董事的概念、分類入手，認為董事是指有權出席董事會、參與公司重大經營事務決策、可對外代表公司的負責人，包括董事長、副董事長、執行董事、董事、行政長官、理事等，同時，認為董事的法律地位（即董事與公司的之間的關系）是我們確立董事責任的基礎，而其關系視各國法律文化傳統之不同有信託、代理、委任等諸多學說，都各有其道理，但筆者認為應定位為「法定」更為妥當。
  8. Part one : this part introduces the summarization of the abs ( asset - backed securities ), which includes the conception, the basic theory, the features, the categories, the basic running process, and the circumstance of the research and development, etc. part two : the main contents of this part are the necessity and the analysis for the feasibility of the financing of securities depending on the charges of expressways, including the analysis for the feasibility of the financing of securities on the basis of the expressways " charges, the option between the two operation models, and the analysis for the feasibility of the operation of indigenization, etc. part three : this part mainly demonstrates how to design the plan of a company for the financing of securities and indigenization, which consists of the introduction of a company ' s background and the main problems to be confronted, the features of the basic assets and the analysis of the cash currency, the selection of spy, the design of trading structure, the product design of securities, etc. part four : this part discusses the financial evaluation about a company ' s design of the financing of securities and indigenization on the basis of the expressways " charges, the analysis of the risks and the analysis in general

    本文的創新之處在於: （ 1 ）通過對我國《信託法》 、 《公司法》等相關法律、法規的深入研究，提出在國內現行制度框架和市場環境下，以信託方式設立特設目的機構的基本思路，並構架了類附擔保公司債信託型和信託簽發企業銷售型兩種較為滿意的本土化交易結構方案，具有一定的理論創新性; （ 2 ）將資產證券化這一金融創新工具應用到高速公路融資領域，論證了高速公路利用收費證券化融資的必要性和可行性，並提出了一個可供借鑒的操作性方案。本文可能的不足是在證券化產品設計方面由於筆者知識水平的欠缺，深感作得不是很深入，需進一步的完善和細化;另外對各種交易結構模式的設計和分析只是一種理論上的探討，到底是否有效和可行需接受實踐的進一步檢驗。論文分為四個部份:第一部份，資產證券化概述，包括資產證券化的概念、基本理論、特點、基本形式、基本運作流程、國內外研究和發展現狀等。
  9. In other words, today ' s concept of law is different from the concept of law of some generations or centuries in the past

    換言之，今天的法律概念是不同於過去某一時代或世紀的法律概念的。
  10. Beyond the skepticism about conceptual analysis discussed earlier, there are a variety of possible critical responses to the razian claim that we can and should speak of necessary truths regarding our concept of law

    除了前面討論的關于概念分析之懷疑主義以外，對拉茲式主張? ?我們能夠並且應該根據我們的法律概念談論必然的真理? ?還存在幾種不同的批判性回應。
  11. Legal translation is a double operation consisting of both legal and interlingual transfer, with the legal aspect constituting the principal part of the work

    摘要法律翻譯不僅僅是語際轉換工作，它同時?及不同法律制度之下的法律概念所產生的結構性差異，故而同時也是一種法律轉換的工作。
  12. With the background of the contrary of the theory of the object of rights and the humanist idea of personality is the essence of person, chinese legal researchers crate the abstract concept " personality interest " as the objects of the personality rights and the personality rights legal relationship to achieve the objective of protecting the personality

    摘要在將人格視為人之根本的人文主義理想與權利客體理論矛盾的背景下，為了實現對人格的全面保護，我國學者採用了「人格利益」這一抽象概念作為人格權與人格權法律關系之客體。
  13. In the author ’ s point of view, the concerning issue involves perception of the legal attributes of intellectual property, thus a perspective of comparison between property and intellectual property would be a significant way to perceive the issue ; then the thesis compares the property and intellectual property in details in aspects of legal objects, definition, attributes, content and the remedies with a conclusion that the intellectual property has no essential difference with the property law, while general principles of the property law could act as a direct guide to intellectual property, and this is a rational foundation for intellectual property being stipulated in the chinese civil code ; lastly the thesis expounds the rationalism of intellectual property being stipulated in the chinese civil code and the general mode

    對此，筆者認為，知識產權在民法典中立法地位問題，涉及對知識產權的法律屬性和特點的認識，因此，從知識產權和物權的比較角度來認識知識產權，無疑會是研究確立知識產權在民法典中立法地位的一個很好的視角。接著將知識產權和物權就權利客體、二者的概念，權利性質，權利內容，權利救濟這幾個方面加以比較探討。在此筆者得出認識:作為規范無形財產之支配、利用關系的法律，知識產權法與規范有形財產歸屬關系的物權法並無本質區別，物權法的基本原則，對于知識產權應當具有直接的指導作用，這使將知識產權納入民法典具有合理基礎。
  14. ( 3 ) the idea suggested in this paper of converting flood into utilizable resource 、 attempering flood by engineering means and supervising human behaviors in the flooded area. to overcome the various barriers arising from ideology 、 systems 、 technology and economy which the establishment of risk management system of flood will be confronted with, this paper also suggests a statistical approach to estimate extremum and the concept of gray - uncertainty risk in figuring flood risk and analyses the severe harmfulness of accidents of extremum risk, furthermore, supplements and perfects present quantity - analyzing method of risk loss

    3 、本文提出洪水資源化的觀念，以工程手段對洪水進行調節，以法律、行政、經濟、教育等綜合性的手段對人類在洪泛區中的行為進行管理，是削弱洪水的危害性、減輕洪水風險的有效方式，提高的防洪安全保障需求，實行洪水風險管理是必由之路。洪水風險管理體制的建立必然面臨觀念方面、體制方面、技術方面與經濟方面的重重障礙，並提出洪災風險評價的極值統計學方法和灰色-隨機風險率的概念，建立了其表達形式與計算方法，它完善了現有的風險損失量化方法。
  15. In chinese, conviction is a legal word and exists in both chinese criminal law and criminal procedure law. but it is far from a legal conception, because the connotations of conviction are different and there is no precise definition of conviction in chinese criminal law and criminal procedure law

    在我國刑事法律中，定罪是一個法律詞匯，在刑法和刑事訴訟法中都有其立身之處，但卻不屬於一個法律概念，因為刑法和刑事訴訟法中所言的定罪沒有統一的內涵，也沒有給出確切的定義。
  16. The fundamental conception of it is that this crime is committed by state personnel who has made use of the convenience of his duty so as to occupy, misappropriate and abstain unlawful economic interests

    其基本概念即國家工作人員利用職務便利，出於佔有、挪用或其他謀取不法經濟利益之目的，所實施的危害經濟秩序或財產關系，觸犯刑律應予刑罰的行為。
  17. The other is that the difference of maliciousness showed by indirect intention and recklessness in the statutory crimes is so little that it can be omitted, while the number of the statutory crimes is becoming bigger and bigger accompanying with the boost and development of the market - directed economy in current china

    「復合罪過形式概念」就是在這樣的背景下呱呱墜地的。質言之， 「復合罪過形式」是解釋「一個具體犯罪同時可能具有間接故意與過失兩種罪過形式」這一法律現象的理論模型。
  18. The provisions of the contract fraud crime are particularly described in details, including almost all the situations that should be punished by this crime, at the same time, in the last clause, supply a “ if defrauding privies of property in other ways ” as the minimum - guarantee clause, in order to avoid the gap in law, to avoid that the new situations, problems cannot be penalized, due to the rigidity of the law

    進而通過借鑒《刑法》關于妨礙對公司、企業管理秩序罪一章有關法律條文的表述，結合國內、外理論研究的一些觀點，提出「虛假陳述的合同詐騙」之概念。意圖將合同詐騙的刑法防線前移，使之能夠有效調整當前市場經濟中日益復雜的經濟糾紛，良好的實現法律的社會價值。
  19. In the dissertation, the author, from the visual of comparative law, showed a comprehensive introduction and inspection on memorandum of association in anglo - american legal system and continental legal system through basic theories as its concept, types, legal features and legal significance, etc. meanwhile, the author made a deep exploration and research on the nature of company memorandum and the relationship between it and law by analysis of cases. at last, the effective ways of perfecting the regulations and rules in corporation law of china are under exploring combined with specific legislation and present situation of company regulations in china

    筆者著力從公司章程的概念、類型、法律特徵、法律意義等基本理論問題入手，從比較法的視域對英美法系和大陸法系主要國家的公司章程制度進行了廣泛、全面地介紹和考察，並以案例分析的方法深入地探討和論證了公司章程的性質和公司章程與法律之間的關系等重要的理論問題，最後結合我國獨具特色的公司章程的立法和現狀，尋求完善我國公司法關于公司章程制度的有效途徑。
  20. Although military government is an accepted concept in the law of the united states, the limits placed upon its exercise are prescribed by the international law of belligerent occupation

    盡管軍事政府之概念為美國法律所接受，其實施之?圍與條件限於國際法中之交戰國占領法。
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