混合成本制度 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [húngěchéngběnzhìdù]
混合成本制度 英文
hybrid cost system
  • 混 : 混形容詞1. （渾濁） muddy; turbid2. （糊塗; 不明事理） foolish; stupid
  • 合 : 合量詞（容量單位） ge, a unit of dry measure for grain （=1 decilitre）
  • 成 : Ⅰ動詞1 （完成; 成功） accomplish; succeed 2 （成為; 變為） become; turn into 3 （成全） help comp...
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  • 度 : 度動詞[書面語] （推測; 估計） surmise; estimate
  • 混合 : （攙雜在一起） mix; blend; mingle; admix; mixture; mix up; interfusion; commixture; blending; cre...
  1. In the paper, the diabase fiber was also selected to reinforce pvc for the first time, which has high intensity, high rigidity and low cost, the diabase fiber was treated firstly, then during mixing, melting, pressing procedure, the diabase / pvc composite were prepared

    本文首次對高強度、高剛度、低成本的輝綠巖纖維增強pvc復合材料進行了研究。論文首先對輝綠巖纖維進行了表面改性，然後將改性后的輝綠巖纖維與pvc混煉、壓片制備了輝綠巖纖維pvc復合材料。
  2. Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law

    再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。
  3. To arrive the resea rch target, the paper mostly use the new institution economics theory and its method, and the cost - value analysis method to research the mechanism of natural resources mixed market and its optimum institution way to optimize it. the second charter of the paper introduces the basic theory about the natural resources market. it comprise the pigouvian tax theory, coase theorem, and the market regulation theory which include the public value theory, the capture theory, and the modern market regulation theory which include the rent - seeking theory, the contestable market theory and the new institution economics regulation theory

    為此，論文理論研究部分主要依據新制度經濟學分析方法和成本?效益分析方法自下而上研究自然資源混合市場的運行機制及其優化的制度途徑：論文第二章首先闡述和介紹自然資源市場相關的基礎理論，主要介紹庇古稅理論、科斯定理和市場規制理論，後者包括公共利益理論、俘虜理論和現代市場規制理論，如尋租理論、可競爭性市場理論和新制度經濟學規制理論等。
  4. According to the request of this subject, we have developed the system hardware and software for the slave device and the inspection software running on the pc. in this paper all of the followings is illustrated detailedly, such as the research on the principles of measurement and its realization, three means of water - level measurement that are separately based on photo electricity coder, pressure sensor and potentiometer ; selection of the microchip, we choose an advanced integrated soc ( system on chip ) microchip c8051f021 as the main controller ; realization of signal sampling, processing and its conversion in the mcu ; application of high precision 16 bits adc cmos chip - - ad7705 in our system, designing its interface with the microchip and relevant program ; using a trickle charge timekeeping chip ds1302 in the system which can provide time norm and designing of its i / o interface and program ; additionally, a 4 ~ 20ma current output channel to provide system check - up using ad421. in the system, ad421, ad7705 and the microchip compose spi bus ; to communicate with the master pc, here we use two ways which are separately rs232 and rs485 ; moreover, there are alarm unit, keyboard unit, power supply inspection unit and voltage norm providing unit in the system

    針對研製任務的要求，課題期間研製了下位機系統硬體和軟體，開發了上位機監控軟體，其中所作的具體工作包括：測量原理的研究和在系統中的實現，在本次設計中用三種方法來進行水位測量，分別是旋轉編碼器法、液位壓力傳感器法和可變電阻器法；主控晶元的選擇，我們選用了高集成度的混合信號系統級晶元c8051f021 ；實現了信號的採集和處理，包括信號的轉換和在單片機內的運算；高集成度16位模數轉換晶元ad7705在系統中的應用，我們完成了它與單片機的介面設計及程序編制任務；精確時鐘晶元ds1302在系統中的應用，在此，我們實現了用單片機的i o口與ds1302的連接和在軟體中對時序的模擬，該晶元的應用給整臺儀器提供了時間基準，方便了儀器的使用；另外，針對研製任務的要求，還給系統加上了一路4 20ma模擬信號電流環的輸出電路來提供系統監測，該部分的實現是通過採用ad421晶元來完成的，本設計中完成了ad421與單片機的spi介面任務，協調了它與ad7705晶元和單片機共同構成的spi總線系統的關系，並完成了程序設計；與上位機的通信介面設計，該部分通過兩種方法實現： rs232通信方式和rs485通信方式；系統設計方面還包括報警電路設計、操作鍵盤設計、電源監控電路設計、電壓基準電路的設計。
  5. Based on the recent reserch at home and abroad, the frc application in civil engineering were discussed. it included : the smart cfrc based on piezoelectricity, the temperature deformation control of synthetic frc structure, and the basic mechanical properties of frc. however, few reports concentrated on energy dissipation of flexible frc structure

    這些研究涉及到各個方面，包括碳纖維混凝土壓電等機敏性的研究、合成纖維混凝土結構溫度變形控制的研究以及纖維混凝土基本力學性能和大型工程應用的研究等，而關于柔性纖維混凝土結構的能量耗散方面的研究較少。
  6. Firstly, the paper retrospects the development of eso and tries to probe into the theoretical field : the explanation of it ' s definition, the conclusion of it ' s characters, the comparison of eso and other stock inspiration system, followed by the analysis of it ' s theoretical basis and incentive effect ; meanwhile, the paper probes into the realistic situations of eso in usa and china in order to seek the regulation and draw the advantages and disadvantages ; to this part, the paper takes the following four items as the main barriers to eso ' s implementation in china : the over restriction of current law system, the low efficiency of the market, the poor corporate governance structure and a lack of a reasonable performance index system, and elaborately analyze the impacts of the obstacles on eso ; after the analysis made above, the paper gets down to taking some methods to solve the problems in accordance with the characteristic of the barriers. as far as the internal defects of the mechanism are concerned, the paper begins with the scientifically design of the key components, studying the aspects of bestowal, change, loss, the executive method and the executive time. then the paper focuses on designing a performance index system which is an essential part of eso, introducing the bsc to improve the present performance index system, under the reasonable guidelines resigning it at both the levels of company ' s and employee ' s levels. finally, as regards how to perfect the outside surrounding of eso, the thesis makes some suggestion

    本文首先回顧了股票期權制在國內外的發展及較為詳盡的分析了股票期權制度的相關理論：闡述了其涵義，特徵，理論基礎，激勵效應並於其他幾個較易混淆的股權激勵機製作逐一的比較，以進一步澄清人們對其的錯誤認識；同時，對股票期權制在美國和我國的現狀進行深入的實證研究，探求其內在規律，在肯定其成果時指出其不足；至此，筆者認為，我國上市公司要推行股票期權制度將主要面臨以下四類障礙：公司治理結構不完善、市場有效性差、現行法規體系不完善及缺乏客觀的業績考評指標體系，並詳細分析了各類障礙的現狀及對股票期權制的負面影響；在此基礎上，針對各類障礙的不同性質，著手探討消除這些障礙的措施：對于股票期權制內部的缺陷，本文先對各個關鍵要素進行科學設計，系統的剖析了贈與、變更、喪失、執行方式、股票來源等技術性問題，再以大量篇幅研究了如何構建出一套與實施股票期權制相配套的業績考核指標體系，引進平衡計分卡的思想對國內現有的指標體系加以改進，以一組合理的評價原則為指導，從公司及員工個人業績考評兩個層面上來設計該指標體系。
  7. To increase the rate of hitting the grade of liquid steel based on match between converter and continuos caster in capacity is considered as a promising way to improve process control and make production cost - efficient at steel making division. based on lgmis and the model of process - control of converters, the factors, which impact to the hit ratio of grade of liquid steel, have been investigated in details. the influence of quality and availability of primary raw materials, such as hot metal, semi - steel and mixture hot metal and semi - steel, on quality of liquid steel has investigated

    本文結合攀鋼轉爐煉鋼工藝現狀及全連鑄對鋼水質量的要求，從改進煉鋼過程質量控制的角度，以轉爐連鑄機爐機匹配條件下提高鋼種煉成率為目標，在現有lgmis系統和轉爐煉鋼過程靜態控制模型的基礎上，詳細分析了攀鋼轉爐煉鋼的鋼種煉成率以及影響攀鋼轉爐煉鋼的鋼種煉成率的因素，分析了轉爐煉鋼主原料（鐵水、半鋼、混合鐵水）的質量和物流條件對攀鋼煉鋼過程質量的影響，提出了通過控制轉爐煉鋼主原料質量和物流條件改進煉鋼過程質量控制的策略。
  8. But in the theory field, the systematical and deeply research is not given, so the application of the rule of foreseeability appears the hazy and confused in the judicial practice. according to many questions about the rule in theory, the thesis expounds the theoretical development and legal values of this rule at first. then the thesis discusses about the theoretical composition of the rule, and holds the delinquent party should foresee that the range of compensation of damages is the damages caused by his breaking contract when he negotiates a contract. finally separately discusses on the relationship between the rule of foreseeability and the principle of complete compensation, between the rule and the doctrine of liability fixation for breach of contract, between the rule and the theory of causal relationship

    然而，理論界對可預見性規則尚缺乏系統、深入的研究，導致在司法實踐中對該制度運用時的迷茫和混亂。針對可預見性規則的諸多理論問題，本文首先對可預見性的理論發展、法理價值進行了闡述;其後就可預見性規則的理論構成進行了探討，認為違約一方在合同締結之時預見或應當預見到的因違約造成的損害為其損害賠償的范圍;最後對可預見性規則與完全賠償原則、違約歸責原則和因果關系理論的關系作了探討，認為可預見性規則存在的積極意義在於合理限制違約損害賠償范圍。
  9. The authour investigate the dosing conditions and effect of the pac to the huanghe water - source, which includes the following four parts : the selection of the pac ; the confirmation of dosing scheme and effect of the pac ; the research of application of potassium permanganate in combination with pac ; the research of the pac ' s modification and the modified effectiveness. the experiment is mainly carried out on the pilot system in the jieyuan water plan of tianjin. the results of the reseach include the following : l ) the pac from zunhua plant is selected as the better carbon for the source water of tianjin through the experiment ; 2 ) through the pilot experiment we conclude that the pac ' s best adding point is the mixing tank and the better dose is 10mg / l, on which the codmn of filtered water can be decreased to 40 % and the effluent have no problem of odour and color ; 3the adsorbing experiment show that pac mainly adsorb the organic matters which molecular wt., distribution between 500 and 3000, and can adsorb organic matters whose molecular wt., distribution are bigger than 6000 if the dose of it is adequent ; 4 ) pac together with potassium permanganate can remove the organic matter more effectively than each of them alone, and reduce the rising trend of turbidity of the flotation ' s effluent due to adding pac ; 5 ) the thesis made a research on the surface properties and the adsorbing capability of the modified carbon by oxidizer : the modified carbon with 20 % h2o2 can remove more organic pollutants than the untreated one by 12 % when we add a higher dose of coagulant ; 6 ) the modification of reduction and loading metal ions are also sttldied, and drow the following conclusions : the modified carbon with 5 % ammonia can enhance the organic matter ' s removal effectiveness by 10 % to the tianjin source water than the untreated one, and the modified one with loading metal ion remove the organic matters from the tianjin source water better ( 8 % ) than the untreated one due to the strong affinity betwween the humic acid and copper ion

    本文的實驗主要是在天津芥園水廠的中試系統上完成的，論文的成果和結論主要包括： 1 ）通過靜態實驗選定河北遵化活性炭廠生產的煤質炭為適合天津原水的炭種； 2 ）中試實驗確定粉末活性炭的較佳投加點為混合池投加，較佳投加量為10mg l ，此時可使濾后水的cod _ （ mn ）降低40 ，且可較好地控制濾后水的嗅味和色度； 3 ）初步確定粉末活性炭對原水中有機物的吸附主要集中在分子量在500 - 3000范圍內，投量增大時可吸附部分分子量大於6000的有機物4 ）中試實驗表明：粉末活性炭與高錳酸鉀聯用可取得較兩者單獨應用時對有機物更好的去除效果，且對因投加粉末活性炭而造成的氣浮出水濁度升高有一定的改善作用； 5 ）研究並初步確定氧化改性對粉末活性炭表面性質和有機物的去除效果的影響：粉末活性炭的氧化改性會使其表面的酸性官能團大量增強，表面極性增加；經20的過氧化氫改性的活性炭在增大混凝劑投加量（ fecl _ 3投量為15mg l ）時對有機物的總體去除效果較原活性炭提高12 ， 1次氯酸鈉改性活性炭對有機物的去除效果較原活性炭提高6 ； 6 ）研究並初步確定還原改性、負載金屬離子對原水中有機物的去除效果的影響：經5氨水改性的活性炭可提高天津源水中有機物的去除率達到10 ；負載銅離子后的活性炭可提高對腐殖酸類物質的去除能力，一般可提高8左右。
  10. About system of supervision organizations, on the basis of dialectical law of regulation - - - innovation - - - regulation, function - based financial supervision system should be built up and the national financial supervision bureau should be set up to regulate financial trade uniformly and solve the problem of supervising financial innovations. what " more, we should build up such a cubical financial supervision organization system that integrate the financial authority " supervision with financial trade self - discipline, social supervision and discipline of inner financial institutions. at the same time, we should organically integrate stability and flexibility of financial supervision law, change legal system of financial supervision in line with provisions of wto

    在立法價值取向上，應當重視金融監管法的效率價值，以維護金融秩序作為基本價值目標，在具體操作上重點突出促進金融業公平競爭、提升金融運行效率兩個價值目標，並保持各目標之間的平衡與協調；在監管體制上，根據「監管? ?創新? ?再監管」的辯證規律，建立功能型金融監管體制，成立銀行業監督管理委員會，組建國家金融監管局對金融業實行統一監管，妥善解決混業經營模式下金融創新的監管問題，形成國家管理機關監管、行業自律、金融機構自律和社會監督相結合的立體的金融監管組織體系；在監管法律體繫上，應有機結合金融監管法的穩定性和靈活性，按wto的要求變革金融監管法律制度，修改《商業銀行法》 、 《保險法》 、 《證券法》及其他不適應混業經營的法律、法規，建立健全有關金融控股公司、網路銀行等方面的法律、法規。
  11. This problem results in the confusion of the judges in determining the legality of the evidence in the practice of the civil proceedings, and therefore the different conclusion when determining the same evidence by different judges or courts, which greatly affects the authority of the judiciary. this paper focuses on the practical issues occurred in the content of the authentication, its principle, its standard and the guidelines., it starts from the definition and content of the authentication with respect to the theoretical research in the issues of authentication and the relevant judicial practice in china, first, it makes clear what authentication is, that is, the definition, characteristics and content of the authentication

    這些問題造成民事審判實踐中法官認證活動的混亂，導致不同法官或不同法院對同樣證據的認定結論卻不相同，嚴重影響了司法的權威性。本文側重於認證內容、認證原則、認證標準、認證規則中存在的具體問題，結合我國關于認證的理論研究及司法審判實踐，從認證的涵義、內容入手，首先明確什麼是認證即認證的概念、特徵、內容，然後分析認證制度的價值是什麼
  12. Since 1980 ' s, some advanced countries, such as the united state, british and canada, have generally established financial system of mixed operations instead of specialized operations. in that case, more and more financial supermarkets appear while commercial bank mixing with investment bank becomes the global tendency. thus, after wto entry, it is impossible for china to stray off the world financial trend

    80年代以來，在市場力量的作用下，英國、日本、加拿大、美國等西方主要發達國家相繼放棄金融業分業經營制度，重新確立混業經營的金融制度， 「金融超市」 、 「金融巨無霸」隨之不斷涌現，商業銀行融合投資銀行業務成為了全球金融業的發展趨勢，加入wto后的中國在金融制度方面不可能長期游離於世界潮流之外。
  13. The study on the behavior of semi - rigid joints in steel - concrete composite frames gets widely attention recently. a high degree of continuity can be achieved at a very low cost just providing the slab with rebar running along the column. furthermore, stiffness and ultimate resistance can be controlled in a rather simple way by a suitable selection of steel connection detailing and amount of reinforcement

    鋼-混凝土組合框架中半剛性組合節點性能的研究近來引起了廣泛的關注，這種節點形式花很低的成本就可以通過混凝土板內的縱向鋼筋實現組合梁在不同跨之間的連續性，而且通過選擇合適的型鋼樑柱連接方式和縱向鋼筋數量，可以有效地控制節點的剛度與承載能力。
  14. A blending type of contract system and costs for multi - times transaction in the transformational period

    轉型時期的混合式契約制度與多重交易成本
  15. Based on the basic principles of densified systems containing homogeneously arranged ultra - fine particles ( dsp ) and reactive powder concrete ( rpc ) adopted by foreign researchers specialized in building materials, silica rume, ultra - fine fly ash, quartz powder, 52. 5 - class portland cement and superplasticizer were selected and mixed, the theoretic of mixed steel fiber reinforced cement - based composite materials and of micro - aggregate filling voids were applied, the composition was adjusted, the mixture ratio of rpc was optimized, a suitable curing schedule was adopted, in the result, an ultra - high performance concrete designated rpc was successfully prepared by normal technology methods

    本文基於超細粒聚密材料（ dsp ）和活性粉末混凝土（ rpc ）配製的基本原理，選用硅灰、粉煤灰、石英粉和硅酸鹽水泥，輔以高效減水劑，採用多重復合的技術路線，運用混雜鋼纖維增強理論和微集料填充密實原理，調整材料組成，優化混凝土配合比，結合適宜的養護制度，在現有技術條件下，成功制備出了rpc200材料。
  16. This article performs a rational analysis of the current financial system of china, points out the deficiencies of this system and concludes that china ' s adoption of the separate financial system is an irrational choice. in view of the conditions of china ' s financial system and legal framework, it is suggested that china, in the context of the current transfer of its economy, should choose a financial system that, on the one hand, allows the mixing of different industries, and on the other hand, insists separate regulation of different industries in the system. furthermore, this article proposes a legal framework that suits the adoption of a mixed financial system, with initial plans for the main laws in this framework

    本文對中國目前實行的金融分業制進行了理性分析，指出了其內在缺陷，並認為我國現行金融分業模式為一種非理性選擇;本文從我國金融體制和金融法律制度體系的實際出發，結合國外的成功經驗，提出了中國在當前經濟轉軌時期應選擇「混業經營，分業監管」的金融體制模式，並以最終實現「混業經營，統一監管」的金融體制模式為目標的觀點;在此基礎上，提出了建立適應混業制的金融法律制度體系的構想，並對主要法律制度安排提出了初步方案。
  17. In this article we will prove the feasibility of highway construction rock material production base in hubei province from three aspects : economy, technique and finance. then we will researche the management of rock material production base from two points of view : property right dividing and corporate governance. and we hope the production base may improve the capacity of pitch mixture and prolong the pitch pavement life by modern production technics, scientific composing design and high economic income and serve for the construction of high - grade highway in hubei province

    本文從經濟、技術和財務三方面論證了建立湖北省公路建設石材生產基地建設方案的可行性，並從產權界定和公司治理結構兩個角度對石材生產基地的運營做了進一步深入的研究，希望以精良的礦料制備、科學的組成設計和較高的經濟收益，來改善瀝青混合料的路用性能，延長瀝青路面的使用壽命，更好地服務于湖北省的高等級公路建設。
  18. But now contradiction among the controls of the three aspects and confusion during the project management often occurred, mostly because the present control methods only focus on the purely considered control of the three aspects and lack of integrated control. according to the characteristic of the construction cost control, a new conception and system of cost integrated control based on network scheduling technology and computer simulation technology are presented in this paper

    目前採用的項目控制方法是將三者分開進行控制，這種方法雖然在實踐中也能產生一定的作用，但是它割裂了項目管理中的各職能關系，不能形成有效的合力對項目的質量、進度、成本進行綜合控制，往往存在質量、進度、成本控制的不統一、項目管理混亂等弊端。
  19. The main innovations of this dissertation are as follows : 1. an new method which have the advantages of both sensitivity loop shaping technique and model matching technique is bring forward

    本文的創新之處主要有以下四點： l 、山模型跟蹤控制器設計原理和混合靈敏度成形原理，提出了基於互補行庭成形和h 。
  20. The combination of the subtree - based storage model with the document - based to ensure the efficiency and integrality of the data retrieval for all sorts of heterogeneous and context mixed data to the fullest extent ; 2. dynamically branching and merging combined with the data mapping mechanism, supports the xml document efficiently and can improve the operation capability of the system to some extent ; 3. referring to the characteristic of xquery, it presents a new operation language for xml data, xqul, which supports the query operation as well as the update operation on xml ; 4

    本文提出了一套較為通用的非結構化信息的nativexml文檔存儲訪問策略和實現方案作為對非結構化信息存取機制研究的探索和嘗試，主要包括下列理論及技術: 1 .基於子樹和基於文檔的存儲模式相結合，以最大程度保證底層各類形式異構和內容混雜的數據存取的有效性和完整性; 2 .動態分枝合成技術和數據映像機制的引入，實現對xml文檔的有效支持，並在一定程度上提高系統處理性能; 3 .結合xquery查詢語言特點，提出一種新型xml數據操作語言xqul ，支持xml數據的查詢以及更新操作; 4 .三種索引（文檔索引、結構索引、值索引）的建立，為xml數據提供從站點到文檔，從文檔到元素的多級訪問策略。
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