混雜變量 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [húnzábiànliáng]
混雜變量
英文
confounding variables-
Aiming at such problems in combustion system of homemade middle and miniature boiler, as a complex system with the character of dead zone, time variation, serious non - linearity, large time delay, coupling and a lot of disturbance, this paper presents a new set of optimal control resources. by using well - matched control method on system, stable automatic running is realized. having the serious divulgence coals difference a lot from each other in character, instability of chemistry, value of lowest emission of heat, home - made boiler controller is not at all ideal. instead of traditional model that controls the ratio based on proportional control or with the correct signal of the amount of oxygen, this paper, combined with intellect control theory - - fuzzy control and self - optimizing concept, propounded a kind of fuzzy self - optimizing controller to be used in air supplying system of the boiler, and expatiates on the idea of dividing the control process into two parts, dynamic and static to realize, thus meets the demand of homemade boiler economic running
本設計針對國產中、小型電站鍋爐燃燒系統參數時變、嚴重非線性、干擾因素復雜、耦合嚴重、模型不易確定的特點，提出多變量協調控制方案，解決了系統可控性差，難以實現穩定自動運行的問題；在此基礎上，改變以往以煙氣含氧量控制送風的傳統模式，針對國產電站鍋爐設備主體及一、二次送風迴路泄露嚴重，煤種混雜、成分不穩定、燃燒發熱值低、燃燒效率不高等問題，應用智能控制理論中的模糊控制技術，結合自尋最優控制的思想，設計了一種模糊自尋優控制器，應用在電站鍋爐送風控制系統上，並闡述了動靜態兩種實現途徑，通過在線優化風煤配比，實現最佳經濟燃燒，切實保障了鍋爐的經濟運行。Based on the theories of hybrid / mixed finite element method, the generalized energy functional including stress, mechanical displacement, electric displacement, electric field and electric potential is used, with the electric - potential relations and the constitutive equations of piezoelectric materials constrained, hybrid energy functional including mechanical displacement, electric potential and stress is gained. moreover, splitting in - plane components and transverse components, the mixed energy functional in which mechanical displacement, transverse stresses and electric potential as basic variables is derived. with the use of surface stress parameters of sub - elements, the continuity of transverse stress at interfaces between layers is obtained
在回顧雜交混合有限元理論的基礎上，從包括位移、應力、應變、電勢、電位移、電場強度六個未知量的廣義壓電材料能量泛函出發，通過約束電場強度?電勢關系、應力與應變及電場強度的關系，得到僅包括位移、電勢、應力三個未知量的雜交變分泛函，利用一般層合板的雜交混合變分原理，分離面內分量和橫向分量，導出以位移、橫向應力、電勢為未知量的壓電層合板的修正變分泛函，作為壓電層合板的雜交元列式的理論基礎。It was revealed that the hexagonal order was destroyed and the phase transition from hexagonal to amorphous structure with the increment of manganese ion, and with the appropriate neutral hexadecylamine ( hda ) with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide ( ctab ) as mixed template, mn - mcm - 41 was synthesized with well uniformly pore size and hexagonal mesostructure for the additional function of n - metal covalent bond, and the ordered structure was mediated by the influence on the packing parameter
表明隨著mn ~ （ 2 + ）引入量的增加，導致介孔長程有序結構的破壞，最終引起由六方相向無定型相的轉變。適量中性表面活性劑十六胺的引入以形成混合模板劑，通過在原有靜電作用基礎上增加n -金屬鍵作用，合成結構較為完整的錳摻雜mcm - 41材料。The longrun tea group dedicates itself to changing the present situation that quality of pu - erh tea is mingled and irregular, more importantly, the group has been taking it as the number one aim to produce safe, healthy and hygienic tea for the consumers
龍潤茶業集團，致力於改變當前普洱茶市場質量參次不齊，龍蛇混雜的現狀，更以為消費者提供安全、健康、衛生的普洱茶品為第一目標。The direct optimal model of multi - objective mixed discrete variables for lager - scale water supply system was established, by replacing complicated network hydraulic equation with nodal pressures macroscopic model and relationship model between pump stations flow and head in water supply systems without tanks or towers, genetic algorithm was developed to solve the direct optimal model
以測壓點壓力宏觀模型、水源供水量和水源供水水頭之間的關系模型替代復雜的管網水力平衡方程，建立了大型供水系統的多目標混合離散變量的直接優化調度模型。在沒有水池和水塔的供水系統中，利用遺傳演算法對直接優化調度模型進行求解。The force of the core is a machine of inevitability, of change, vanishing and blending confusedly
它核心之能量是一個必然性及變革的機器，消滅著及混亂地摻雜著。Abstract : one of the unsolved problems of the high power application of high temperature superconductors is how to lower the energy dissipation induced by flux motion. due to the extremely high anisotropy, small coherence length and weak pinning potential, the mixed state phase diagram which is tightly related to the flux dynamics becomes very complicated. a brief account is given of the field induced crossover of criticalities of energy dissipation, which has been observed in our recent sensitive electromagnetic measurement
文摘:高溫超導體在強電方面應用的關鍵問題是如何克服磁通運動所造成的能量損耗.由於存在極強的各向異性、短的相干長度和小的磁通釘扎勢，因此與磁通運動緊密相關的混合態相圖變得很復雜.文章綜述了根據一系列靈敏的電磁測量所觀察到的磁場誘導的能量耗散行為的轉變It is constructed that radial impact and rubbing dynamics differential equations of the rotor system having the nonlinear rigidity on the unsteady and non - linear oil film. the bifurcation and chaos behavior of impact and rubbing fault rotor system caused by the parameters of nonlinear rigidity, rotor rotating speed, eccentric mass is analyzed, in the numerical value analysis method. the bifurcation diagrams, maximum lyapunov exponent diagrams, poincar maps, phase plane portraits, trajectories of journal center, time - history curve, amplitude spectra diagrams of the rotor motion are used
（ 2 ）建立了具有非線性剛度的轉子系統在非穩態非線性油膜力作用下的徑向碰摩動力學微分方程，並應用含高階余項的非線性動力方程的線性化數值法研究了此類系統響應的復雜動力學行為，利用轉子響應的分岔圖、最大lyapunov指數曲線、 poincar截面映射、時域波形、相軌線、軸心軌跡、幅值譜等圖形分析了系統響應的周期運動、擬周期運動、倍周期分岔、混沌等運動形式的轉化與演變過程，重點研究了非線性剛度、轉子轉速、偏心質量等系統參數對碰摩故障轉子系統的分岔和混沌行為的影響。First, the current optical system construction ' s optimization algorithms are based on the just optical system ' s preliminary construction which designers have selected. optical system program can not automatically change the optical elements ' nember. so that optical system design ' s intelligentized degree is not high. now this paper applies the genetic algorithms to lens design and shows that the genetic algorithms can effectively work in automatically changing the optical elements ' nember. next, this pape present a new computer design method that applies the genetic - simulated annealing algorithms to directly design the binary optical element
首先，由於現有的光學系統結構設計的優化演算法都是在選定了初始光學結構的基礎上，只對光學結構參數進行優化選擇，在優化過程中不能夠自動改變光學面數，導致光學系統設計的智能化程度還不是很高，採用遺傳演算法，實現了光學面的自動增減；其次，區別于傳統的二元光學設計方法，為避免其量化臺階數過大導致的成本及加工復雜度的增加，提出了運用混合優化策略遺傳-模擬退火演算法直接設計二元光學元件的新的計算機方法。Methods a retrospective survey was done in 68 complicatedly injured eyes undergoing routine closed vitreetomy due to vitreous opacity with massive hemorrhage, or with traumatic retinal detachment and proliferative vitreoretinopathy ( pvr ), foreign bodies in posterior segment, endophthalmitis, posterior - dislocation of lens and so on, and most of them received the combined operations simultaneously
方法回顧分析復雜眼球外傷68隻眼，因玻璃體大量積血混濁、伴外傷性視網膜脫離及增生性玻璃體視網膜病變（ pvr ） 、眼後段異物、眼內炎、晶體后脫位等病變，行常規閉合式玻璃體切除術，同時根據不同伴隨病變聯合相應的手術治療。In recent years, during the detection of the established reinforced concrete or the prestressed concrete box girder bridges etc. the large structures, we can find that the concrete in particular structural positions such as the anchorage zones of prestressed reinforcement with dense reinforcement, the prestressed pipe in which the space of reinforcement or the thickness of concrete cover is small, the top and bottom flange of box girder and so on has brought great difficulty to concrete construction because of the small size and densely - packed reinforcement
對于變截面t梁、工字梁、箱梁等常見結構，截面形式復雜，一些部位尺寸較小且密集配筋，如梁頂板，梁底板，預應力管道間，混凝土不可避免的造成不密實導致耐久性降低，而這些問題往往為設計者所忽略。對于新建橋梁混凝土的密實度問題，尤其是新建橋梁關鍵部位的混凝土密實度和耐久性問題，人們研究和關心的較少，這也為橋梁的質量監督控制和使用壽命埋下了隱患。Creep stress is a key part of temperature stress. in the course of computation of thermal - creep - stress, elastic modulus of concrete is related to the age of concrete ; creep of concrete not only is related to the age of concrete, but also loading duration and the relation is complex
徐變應力是溫度應力的重要組成部分，在溫度徐變應力計算過程中，混凝土的彈性模量與加載齡期有關，混凝土的徐變度不但與加載齡期有關，還與持荷時間有關，而且關系相當復雜。After anglicizing the historical evolution and formed background of the real property tax systems, the paper defines the development and change of the tax system of real property of our country, introduces the historical origin of current real property tax system. from a large number of laws and regulations of involving the tax revenue of the real property, the paper studies main tax category and relevant category of real property in the market operation, and then put their main regulations in order. base on the investigations and examples the paper carries on positive analysis to the tax revenue burden and tax system structure s of the real property market, and draws a conclusion that the real property market burden is overweight which caused by the confusion of taxes and fees and conclusion that the tax system structure is " laying stress on flowing instead of making light of tenure "
通過對解放后不動產稅制的歷史沿革及形成的背景的分析，明確我國不動產稅收制度發展、變化的過程，以及我國現行不動產稅收體系的歷史淵源；從大量涉及到不動產稅收的法律、法規入手，研究了我國在不動產市場運行各個環節對不動產課征的主要稅種和相關稅種，並理清了它們的主要規定；通過案例分析和調查研究對不動產市場的稅收負擔情況和稅制結構情況進行實證分析，得出了稅費混雜，市場負擔過重以及稅制結構「重流輕存」的結論；通過對不動產各項稅種的詳盡考察，得出了我國不動產稅制體系中存在的主要問題；通過分析各國（地區）不動產稅收體系的構成，以及在取得、保有、轉移三個環節上的稅制關系，提出了我國不動產稅制體系可以借鑒的經驗和啟示；通過借鑒各國（地區）不動產稅收體系構建的經驗，結合我國的實際情況，找到了實現改革我國不動產稅制目標的途徑，構建、完善我國在新時期的不動產稅收體系，並且在此基礎上提出征收以不動產佔有稅為主體的財產稅的觀點。Reactive power optimization is a large - scale nonlinear optimization problem with a large number of variables and uncertain parameters, the operating variables include continuous and discrete variables, so the optimization becomes very complex
電力系統的無功優化問題是一個多變量、多約束的混合非線性規劃問題，其操作變量既有連續變量又有離散變量，使得優化過程十分復雜。However, signals take effect by the switch of signal phases, which introduces integer control values into the traffic control problem, so the traffic control problem becomes a large - scale mixed integer programming problem, the computation of which requires an exponential - complexity optimiz ation algorithm
但是，信號燈通過相位切換對交叉口進行控制，同時也在交通控制模型中引入了整數決策變量，使交通控制模型成為一個大規模混合整數規劃問題，需要指數復雜度的優化演算法。The research on rotor dynamics takes a new look after introducing the theory of modern nonlinear dynamics. domestic and international scholars did a lot of research effort by the theory of modern nonlinear dynamics, such as bifurcation and chaos behavior on crack rotor system, vibration of oil film, rub - collision rotors, loosening foundation, catastrophe and gradation of rotor trouble. we got many important results, but most of research that focused on single deck rotors with singularity troubles, research coupling troubles of rotor systems is not enough
目前，國內外科技工作者採用非線性理論和方法對轉子系統進行了大量的研究工作，包括轉子系統裂紋故障的分岔與混沌行為及穩定性，轉子系統的油膜震蕩、碰摩、基礎松動的研究，轉子系統故障的慢變過程及突變的研究等，但是目前轉子系統多被簡化為具有某一單一故障的單盤轉子模型，對耦合故障多盤轉子系統的動力學行為和故障機理研究還比較少，而工程實際中的轉子系統模型更為復雜，耦合故障普遍存在。There are some disadvantages in the processing of the materials for the insulation of high voltage power cable in china such as the process equipments are complicate, which need more energy and the process flow is long and so on, we need to intake that vast scale from foreign enterprises yet. in order to change the present status, this paper has successfully developed the materials with new process equipments and new process flow, which are made with compounds containing universal resins of china and assistants such as peroxide, antioxidant and so on
為了改變國內高壓電力電纜絕緣料尚需大量進口和國內研製的高壓電力電纜絕緣料存在加工設備繁雜、能耗大和工藝流程長等不足的現狀，本論文採用國產通用樹脂，加入交聯劑、抗氧劑、加工助劑等，通過物理預混和熔融共混的方法，用國產設備特定的組合和特定的生產工藝，成功開發了可交聯ldpe高壓電力電纜絕緣料。For example, concrete durability - design relies mainly on complex special testes, e. g. thawing and freezing test and permeability resistance test etc. on theories and test methods of workability - design, testes for theological properties of concrete, workability evaluation, determination of optimum dosage of water - reducer etc - are all depend on experimental methods
例如，在耐久性設計方面，依賴于專項復雜測試，如抗凍融試驗和抗滲試驗等；在工作性設計的理論和測試方面，混凝土流變性能的測試、工作性的評價、減水劑最佳摻量的確定等都沒有脫離經驗的方法。Hybrid systems are classified according the interacting type of discrete event and continuous variable
按離散事件和連續變量相互作用的類型，對混雜系統進行了分類。The results of multiariable analysis indicated that current smokers hae a 2. 60 - fold increased risk of haing seere hypoglycemia while controlling for confounders in two models, dr
在兩模型的混雜設計的多變量分析的結果表明，當前吸煙者有2 . 6倍的升高嚴重的低血糖的風險。分享友人