溫度限界 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [wēndùxiànjiè]
溫度限界 英文
temperature limit
  • 溫 : Ⅰ形容詞（不冷不熱） warm; lukewarm; hot; gentle; mild Ⅱ名詞1 （溫度） temperature 2 （瘟） acute ...
  • 度 : 度動詞[書面語] （推測; 估計） surmise; estimate
  • 限 : Ⅰ名詞（指定的范圍; 限度） limit; bounds Ⅱ動詞（指定范圍, 不許超過） set a limit; limit; restrict
  • 界 : 名詞1 （相交的地方; 劃分的界限） boundary 2 （一定的范圍） scope; extent 3 （按職業、工作或性別等...
  • 溫度 : [物理學] temperature
  • 限界 : bound
  1. At a recent meeting in cartagena, columbia, trade ministers reaffirmed this commitment, reiterated a mandate to working groups to continue to set the stage for negotiations, and agreed on immediate steps to start us toward our goal such as the deregulation and modernization of customs procedures

    3 .對每個管制點以設定臨界限制如溫度與時間，來建立預防措施。譬如就煮熟的食物來說，這可能包括設定最起碼的烹煮溫度與時間，以確保煮出來的食品是安全的。
  2. The lower limit of temperature at which this occurs is known as the softening point or critical temperature.

    呈現這一性質的溫度下限稱為軟化點或臨界溫度。
  3. However, one of the most serious impediments to wider use and improve precision of psi is its sensitivity to external vibration with the consequence that psi has rarely been used in a manufacturing in - situ and some special situations, such as that the optical path is very long or the detected unit is very large

    通過嚴格控制環境條件（溫度、氣流、振動等） ，其理論光程差（位相）的最小解析度可以達到nm的數量級。然而，由於干涉計量測試靈敏度高、精度高，對外界振動非常敏感，使它的應用范圍受到限制。
  4. This paper also researches on thermal elastoplastic analysis model of multilayered graded coating structures on the basis of thermal elastoplastic analysis model of trilayered materials with the focus on the structural character of graded coating. it builds the thermal elastoplastic analysis theory for the graded coating structure that has a single plastic layer or two plastic layers. it gives the analytical formulas of thermal stresses and the thermal elastic - plastic transform temperatures of graded coating that has a single plastic layer or two layers under the thermal loading

    針對梯度塗層的結構特徵，在建立的三層疊層材料熱彈塑性分析模型的基礎上，對多層梯度塗層結構的熱彈塑性分析模型進行了研究，分別建立了含單個塑性層和兩個塑性層的梯度塗層結構的熱彈塑性分析理論，給出了在熱載荷作用下含單個塑性層和兩個塑性層的梯度塗層的熱彈性-塑性臨界溫度和熱應力分析公式，利用有限元分析對理論模型進行了驗證。
  5. ( 3 ) temperature field and residual capacity of reinforced concrete member after fire studied by the numbers, various boundary conditions of heat exchange equation and the solutions of them given an account, the formulae of the residual capacity of the members after fire established, the program of temperature field programmed on the basic of finite difference algorithm, a case given to demonstrate

    （ 3 ）對火災后構件溫度場的分佈和剩餘承載力的計算進行了系統地分析和研究。討論了熱傳導方程的各種邊界條件及相應的解法，建立了不同構件的剩餘承載力計算公式，並結合工程實例用有限差分法編制了相應的溫度場計算程序，與實例吻合良好。
  6. Finally, an energy approach is combined with the fem in the simulation of the crack propagation along the fiber / matrix interface in a pull out process. the simulated results are in nice conformity with experimental results. the second part of the research deals with the characterization of the failure process in the fragmentation tests, which is one of the most frequently used test methods in studying thermal mechanical properties of fiber / matrix interfaces

    在這一部分工作的最後，採用能量法與有限元法結合起來，模擬纖維抽拔試驗中裂紋的擴展:針對以往研究工作中的不足之處，在模擬中使用能量釋放率，在表徵界面破壞時，所使用的應力強度因子考慮了纖維和基體兩種材料的不同屬性，並考慮裂紋尖端的單元奇異性，來研究裂紋長度和溫度對裂紋擴展的影響。
  7. Here, fem is applied in the analyses of i ) fiber axial stress and interphase shear stress in fragmentation tests during initially applied strain, ii ) influence of temperature on the stress transfer across the interface, iii ) modulus and thickness of the interphase and their influence on interfacial stress transfer, iv ) interfacial debonding process, and v ) fragment aspect ratio, contact friction along the interface and their influences to the interfacial stress transfer efficiency

    在論文的這部分工作中，使用有限元法描述和分析了逐節斷裂試驗中初始應變下的纖維軸向應力和界面相剪切應力，溫度對界面應力傳遞的影響，界面相模量和厚度、纖維節長寬比、界面脫粘過程、界面接觸中的摩擦效應等因素對逐節斷裂試驗中應力傳遞的影響。
  8. According to actual situation of production wells, external boundary conditions and coupled inner boundary conditions between welibore and adjacent rocks, welibore and production zones, adjacent rocks and production zones are constructed, and an alternate direction implicit finite difference algorithm ( adi ) is used to solve temperature models

    根據生產井的實際情況，構建起外邊界條件以及井筒與圍巖、井筒與產層、圍巖與產層之間的耦合內邊界條件，採用交替方向半隱式有限差分方法（ adi方法）求解所建立的井下溫度場模型。
  9. In this paper, temperature distributions of buried cable were analyzed according to the knowledge of heat transfer, after constructing heat conduction equation and boundary condition, temperature distributions were calculated with the finite element method in which the grids divided into a triangle format

    摘要結合傳熱學知識對地下直埋電纜溫度場進行分析，構造出熱傳導方程和邊界條件后利用有限元法計算了地下電纜的溫度場分佈，計算區域採用三角形單元剖分法。
  10. Based the humidity theory, the paper adopts the relative humidity as the character value and puts forward using 30 % rh and below 0c dew - point as the on - line monitoring critical value. it gives the method of volume ratio convert at the different temperature. with the standard value, we can conclude the result of moisture content

    針對現有規程標準中控制水分的指標的缺點和局限，提出了採用相對濕度作為監測特徵量並轉換為露點以直觀表示設備絕緣狀況：採用30相對濕度及0以下露點作為監測的臨界值與允許值；同時推導出了體積比單位在不同溫度下的折算方法，以結合現有標準，綜合分析，做出判斷結論。
  11. 4. in the vegetation growth simulating model, a new vegetation phenology and temperature criteria added, which control the growth time of deciduos needleleaf forest in north china, make the simulated results more fit the fact

    4 ）在植被生長模式的模擬中，在物候方面增加了限制，即用界限溫度控制北方冬季落葉樹木的生長季，使結果更加接近實際情況。
  12. Thaw settlement cause negative friction. this paper base on the thought of " initiative cooling ", aim at three problems existing in common concrete pile used in frozen soil, a new type of pile is proposed to overcome the disadvantages of the classical pile used in frozen soil. pile body within active layer is fluted and refilled with porous materials such as gravels and ballasts, convection will be occur and then thermal exchange inside porous material in winter while only heat conduction exists in summer, as a result the soil around flutings will be cooled, so the top line of permafrost will be drive up

    本文基於「主動冷卻」地基的思想，以及針對凍土地區普通混凝土樁存在的三大問題，提出了一種新型樁的設計思路，運用數值模擬試驗手段對其冷卻機理與加固機理進行了系統研究，即在凍融活動層的深度范圍內，在混凝土樁身的表面刻槽，修築完時槽內填充碎石、塊石等多孔介質，通過外界大氣溫度的自然波動下多孔介質在冬季時存在的對流換熱機制，而在夏季只存在熱傳導，來達到主動冷卻樁周凍土和抬升凍土上限的目的。
  13. This article describes a way of special ultrasonic system which monitors thermal stress in seamless welded rails. this monitoring system is a non destructive testing system, which adopts avr mcu and high - precise time chip processing as the core of it, and adopts the critically refracted longitudinal wave as the object of measuring. my studying focuses on the theory of the monitoring system, which will be listed in this arctile : according to the snell theory, the theory of motivating of critically refracted longitudinal wave is described in details, and the finite element software is used to emulate the propagating course. the formulas of calculating the pts of swr are taken from the acoustoelasticity theory, and the calculating the parameters is introduced. according to assemble materials, three kinds of ways of monitoring the pts of swr using critically refracted longitudinal wave are described, which are measuring the sound - time in changeless distance, ultrasonic critical - angle refractomery and frequency spectrum, the first way of ways is used in this experiment system. the factors, which effect the monitoring system, are assaid in some degree based

    本文的研究工作重點在無縫焊接鋼軌溫度應力測量系統的理論模塊，包括根據snell原理，研究極限折射縱波的激發機理，並使用有限元軟體ansys進行模擬;根據聲彈性理論以及公式推導出計算無縫焊接鋼軌中的溫度應力的公式，並對其中參數的求解方法進行介紹;根據收集的資料，介紹了三種使用極限折射縱波測量無縫焊接鋼軌溫度應力的方法，即固定距離測量聲時法、臨界角折射法和頻譜分析法，本實驗系統使用的是第一種;根據實驗經驗以及相關資料，分析了影響極限折射縱波測量溫度應力的幾個因素，並提出了相應的解決方法;根據實驗系統的需要，獨立設計並加工出相關配套的實驗設備，包括實驗鋼塊、有機玻璃楔塊、固定件、載荷外框裝置等。
  14. At first, the finite element formulation is presented to determine the flutter characteristics of laminated panels at elevated temperature. then both the linear and nonlinear panel flutter characteristics are analyzed. the panel flutter boundaries are finally determined and the effect of temperature, airflow speed, etc, on the panel flutter characteristics is analyzed

    為此，本文首先建立了復合材料壁板熱顫振的有限元模型並對受熱壁板的線性和非線性顫振特性進行了研究；最後確定了壁板的顫振邊界，分析了溫度、來流速度等因素對壁板顫振特性的影響規律。
  15. Thirdly, the conclusions of the two aspect applications are given as follows : the exploration of the application of the evaporation duct prediction to the flux relationship research and evaporation duct predicting shows that based on this predicting method and with microwave refractometer, as sensor, ( 1 ) the dimensionless gradient function of temperature, humidity and refractivity in the flux relationships can be determined with higher precision, ( 2 ) the limitations of conventional observations on the predicting accuracy for evaporation duct can be avoided and the precise prediction for evaporation duct can be obtained with the accurate measurement of refractivity profile within a few meters. the radar performance under given evaporation

    三、對兩個應用問題的討論表明：基於本文發展的蒸發波導預測理論，使用微波折射率儀為傳感器： （ 1 ）開展通量關系研究時，可以用於邊界層溫度、濕度和折射率無量綱梯度函數的精確測定和得到蒸發波導環境預測所需的偽折射率參數化函數關系； （ 2 ）預測蒸蒸發波導環境特性和傳播特性及其應用研究發波導環境時可以避免使用傳統氣海界面要素測量中存在的局限，並用折射率音d面不太高的精確測量結果精確預測蒸發波導環境。
  16. This paper is consisted of two major parts : one deals with the general working performance of the fmghp by setting up mathematic model and developing computer procedure, getting the datum related to the capillary flow and heat transfer, analysing the working characteristics of fmghp in different working temperature, heat flux and inclination angle etc. in this part, the prediction of capillary and boiling limit are also included. the other major part studies the flow and heat transfer characteristics in the micro - film region formed by the meniscus attached on the metalic fin in the micro rectangular groove. investigations on the influence of width of groove and other factors on heat transfer in this region have been made. the importance of this micro - region in the heat transfer of the entire heat pipe has been unveiled. the heat transfer characteristics gotten by this research could be used in design and application and also optimization of this kind of fmghp

    本文在大量查閱現有國內外文獻的基礎上，總結並綜合前人有關微槽平板熱管理論研究方面的成果，對單面刻有槽道的微槽平板熱管進行了較為深入和細致的研究。本文的研究共分兩大部分，其中第一部分考察了該型熱管的整體工作表現，通過建立數學模型和開發相應的計算程序，得到了熱管內部毛細流動和傳熱的數據，分析了熱管在不同工作傾角、不同加熱熱流以及不同工作溫度等情況下工作特性的變化規律，考察了汽液界面上的剪切作用對熱管傳熱量的影響，並且進一步在理論上預測了該型熱管的毛細和沸騰極限。
  17. Abstract : based on the operation data, the cold start - up and warm start - up curves of a czecho 200 mw steam turbine are worked out according to the operation rules ; the fem calculating models of the temperature field and stress field of the high pressure rotor are established, and the suitable boundary conditions are given ; the temperature field and stress field of the high pressure rotor are calculated and analysized during these two working situation

    文摘:在現場實測數據的基礎上，根據運行規程擬定捷制200mw機組的冷態啟動和溫態啟動曲線；建立高壓轉子溫度場和應力場有限元計算模型，確定相應的邊界條件；計算分析在這兩種工況下高壓轉子的溫度場和熱應力場。
  18. This paper studied two - dimension model of rotor and cylinder and builded the finite element model. generally take the rotor and the cylinder as control objects ， definite their boundary conditions ， solute their temperature fields ， and then analyst their bear expansions and distortions as well as thermal stress distribute ， to control the courses ， and keep the unit the most optimum operating condition. and put the theories into practice developed by c + + program, used as the important part of the online monitoring and management system of life of the steam turbine

    本文對汽輪機轉子和汽缸的二維模型的進行分析，建立有限元模型；將汽輪機轉子和汽缸作為控制對象，確定其邊界條件，求解其溫度場，分析其熱膨脹、熱變形以及熱應力分佈；採用c + +語言編制汽輪機高壓缸、中壓缸以及缸體的溫度場實時在線監測程序，作為汽輪機壽命在線監測與管理系統的核心部分，用以指導汽輪機的啟停及運行過程，使機組可以安全的、經濟的運行。
  19. The transient mathematical equations are addressed for the coupled heat and moisture transfer by taking account of moisture accumulation procedure. an analytical method by means of the transfer function is proposed to predict the transient distributions of temperature and moisture content at different interfaces in walls. a numerical analysis approach based on an efficient finite - difference method is developed to deal with the procedure of coupled heat and moisture transfer in a multilayer wall with nonlinear boundary conditions considered

    建立了考慮濕積累過程的瞬態熱濕耦合模型，在方程中引入了濕積累項；發展了一種傳遞函數解析方法進行墻體內不同剖面處溫度和含濕量的動態預測；首次提出了一種基於有效有限差分法預測非線性邊界條件下多層多孔結構內的傳熱傳濕過程的數值分析方法，求解過程中考慮了瞬態邊界條件，從而避免了通常處理中由於邊界條件設定為常數而給計算帶來的誤差，對于多層結構每一層物性參數的非連續性，則採用了有效的有限差分逼近處理。
  20. And then, we specially study the effect of spin interaction ' s anisotropy on the critical temperature tc. from what we have observed we suggest that the critical temperatur tc grows as the anisotropy intensifies, while the system magnetization becomes weaker. the system becomes id if the anisotropy ratio r goes to infinity, and its equilibrium state keeps zero magnetization at any finite temperature, which confirm that there is no observable transition for id system

    其後，著重研究了自旋相互作用的各向異性程度r對其臨界溫度t _ c的影響，總結出：隨著系統各向異性程度的增強，系統的臨界溫度向高溫轉移，而系統的磁化強度在不斷的減弱；當r趨近於無窮大時，系統演變為一維系統，系統在任何有限溫度下達到的平衡態始終保持磁化強度為零，這也證實了一維系統不發生相變
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