漢德公式 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [hàndégōngshì]
漢德公式 英文
the hand formula
  • 漢 : 1 （朝代） the han dynasty （206 b c a d 220）2 （漢族） the han nationality3 （漢語） chinese （...
  • 德 : 名詞1 （道德; 品行; 政治品質） virtue; morals; moral character 2 （心意） heart; mind 3 （恩惠）k...
  • 公 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （屬于國家或集體的） state owned; collective; public 2 （共同的;大家承認的） common; gen...
  • 式 : 名詞1 （樣式） type; style 2 （格式） pattern; form 3 （儀式; 典禮） ceremony; ritual 4 （自然科...
  1. From left : takaaki kato, general manager, hong kong branch of mizuho corporate bank, ltd., chris chan, regional head, corporate banking, greater china the philippines of sumitomo mitsui banking corporation, james gibson, managing director and head of coverage of calyon, rose lee, managing director, head of corporate banking for hong kong of hsbc, eiichi yoshikawa, regional head for hong kong, general manager of the bank of tokyo - mitsubishi ufj, ltd., hong kong branch, amy kwok, executive director of sun hung kai properties financial services limited, gilles boumeester, general manager for north east asia of rabobank international, mignonne cheng, head of north and east asia, chief executive of bnp paribas, hong kong branch, jiang yi sheng, assistant general manager of industrial and commercial bank of china asia limited, grace fung oei, managing director, regional head of global corporates, greater china client relationships for wholesale banking of standard chartered bank hong kong limited, didier leblanc, managing director, head of loan and syndication, asia pacific, structured finance of bnp paribas, brian but, director and head of syndications for north east asia of rabobank international and derick chan, head of corporate banking of industrial and commercial bank of china asia limited

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  2. In orde r to solve this problem, cooter and ulen brought forward their own theory on the base of hand formula, which is more reasonable than hand formula

    為了解決這一問題，考特和尤倫在漢德公式的基礎之上提出了自己的一組梯級推進的公式理論。其理論既簡便易行，又有經濟上的合理性。
  3. In united states v. carroll towing co., he defined reasonable care in algebraic terms. under the learned hand rule, a party is found negligent and therefore liable for ( at least part of ) the damages resulting from his actions if b < pl. " b ", the burden of adequate precautions, is the accident avoidance cost

    漢德法官在對「美利堅合眾國訴卡羅爾拖輪公司案」的審理中，根據此理論提出了廣為人知的「漢德公式」 ： b pl ，即侵害方是否承擔責任取決於他採取預防措施的費用）是大於還是小於事故發生的可能性叩）和事故造成的損失幾）的乘積。
  4. " p " is the probability that an accident will occur and " l " is the cost of the resulted losses, if the accident does occur

    漢德公式的提出使法律上「理性人」這一概念變得精確和可操作了。
  5. " pl " ( the probability of the accident multiplied by the gravity of the resultion injury ) is the risk associated with the activity, the expected liability or the discounted accident cost. hand formula is the first attempt which uses economic analysis to deal with tort. though hand formula makes the reasonable - man standard more accurate, actually, hand formula and the reasonabl - man standard are not absolute in solving the cases

    但是，漢德公式和理性人標準的運用並不是絕對的，在實際的案件審理中，仍然存在一些抗辯理由，因此，漢德公式並不是看上去那麼簡單，在具體案件中應用它並使其符合效益原則更不是一件容易的事，漢德公式在確定行為人的責任或義務范圍以及處理侵權糾紛方面的確有一些積極意義，但它的適用也受到許多限制。
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