灌溉需水量 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [guàngàixūshuǐliáng]
灌溉需水量
英文
duty of water- 灌 : Ⅰ動詞1 (輸水澆土) irrigate 2 (倒進去; 注入) pour in; fill 3 (飲酒; 勉強他人飲酒) drink wine...
- 溉 : 動詞[書面語]1. (澆水) supply with water 2. (洗滌) cleanse; wash
- 需 : Ⅰ動詞(需要) need; want; require Ⅱ名詞1. (需用的東西) necessaries; needs 2. (姓氏) a surname
- 水 : 名詞1 (由兩個氫原子和一個氧原子結合而成的液體) water 2 (河流) river 3 (指江、河、湖、海、洋...
- 量 : 量動1. (度量) measure 2. (估量) estimate; size up
- 灌溉 : irrigate; irrigation; watering
- 水量 : water yield; the yield of water水量計[表] watermeter; 水量平衡 water balance; 水量收支 water budget
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In recent years, the water - saving and control irrigation technique of rice has diverted from plot experimental and demonstration to lare scale. and has got remarkable economic and social benefits. amed at the characteristics of this irrigation area, optimal selection for water - saving techniques of rice, deciding the amout of leaching water and irrigation modles, investigating the adaptability of the water - saving and control irrigation technique in saline land. studying the increase in production mechanism of the technique are important to extend the technique, to better and develop saline land as well as slick spots. according to the results of field experiments, optimization study was conducted on the water - saving irrigation technique of rice in saline land, the effects of different water - saving irrigation techniques on the physiological indexes and yield of rice were systematically analyzed. by using mutiplepurpose fuzzy optimization method, better. water - saving irrigation technique was selector out, that is. the control irrigation technique in rice. the mechanism of it was analyzed from the aspect of the physiological and ecological saving water of rice to provide the implemental process and technical point ; throgh the quantitive analysis and comparision on control irrigation and control class ( flood irrigation ), high production and quality mechanism of the technique was analyzed in terms of physiology indexes of rice, the variation of soil moisture, the pest resistance and the lodge resistance, the change of soil temperature in paddy fields. the yield constitutive factors, the quality of rice and so on. in saline land. control irrigation and intermittent leaching modles were adopted to validate the adaptability of the technique in irrigation of rice in saline land, to analyze rice ' s physiological - ecological indexes and the change of soil salt content under the conditions of control irrigation leaching of rice and and to provide control irrigation and combined modle of intermittent leaching to adapt to different conditions
本文從試驗及試驗資料入手,取得以下主要成果和結論:對鹽堿地水稻節水灌溉技術進行優化研究,系統地分析了不同節水灌溉技術對水稻生理指標及產量的影響,採用了多目標模糊優化的方法,對灌水技術進行綜合評判,優選了節水灌溉技術,論證該地區宜採用水稻控制灌溉技術;闡述控灌技術通過調節和控制水稻的需水規律,降低水稻高產情況下的無效水量消耗,從水稻生理、生態節水兩方面分析了控灌技術節水機理,針對性地總結出水稻各生育期實施節水控灌技術的步驟及技術要點;通過控灌與淹灌的定量對照比較,從根系、莖蘗、冠層葉片及綠葉動態到株高,土壤水分變化,抗病蟲害、抗倒伏能力,稻田土溫變化,產量構成因素及稻米品質等諸多方面進行動態比較,分析控灌技術高產優質機理;在鹽堿稻地採用控制灌溉+間歇淋洗模式,跟蹤測試田間水鹽變化狀況,驗證控制灌溉技術在鹽堿地區水稻灌溉中應用的適應性,通過分析水稻控制灌溉淋洗條件下水稻生理生態指標,提出優化控制灌溉+間歇淋洗組合模式,為進一步在高礦化度地區試驗水稻控灌技術奠定基礎。Two aspects of the problem are discussed : one is that lift irrigation is no need when abstraction volume capability of canal head can meet the demand ; the other is that lift irrigation is in need when abstraction volume capability of canal head can not meet the demand
它包括兩個方面:一是當渠首可引水量能滿足灌區灌溉用水量時,則不需要提水灌溉;二是當渠首可引水量尚不能滿足灌區灌溉用水量時,則需提水灌溉來補充灌溉用水量。Analysis of irrigation demands and evapotranspiration in the piedmont of taihang mountain
太行山山前平原區蒸散量和作物灌溉需水量的分析According to the least twin multiplication to calculating the sensitivity index in several water production functions. thus, the writer obtains the fitted the value of the sensitivity index and the varied rule. at the same time, the writer puts forward a new method named rag a ( real coding based accelerating genetic algorithm ) and combines raga with dpsa to calculating the best irrigation system under the non - sufficient irrigation of well irrigation rice in sanjiang plain
根據《隨機水文學》理論中的時間序列分析法,建立了適合三江平原井灌水稻需水量預報的非平穩時序隨機模型;通過分析降雨隨機特性,選定季節性時序隨機模型,建立了適合三江平原井灌水稻降雨預報的月平均降雨模型;根據最小二乘法,計算出幾種常用水分生產函數中的敏感指數及敏感系數,進而得到三江平原適宜採用的水分生產函數漠型及模型中敏感指數的變化規律;本文提出遺傳動態規劃法( raga ? dp ) ,即採用改進的基於實數編碼的加速遺傳演算法( realcodingbasedacceleratinggeneticalgorithm ,簡稱raga )與動態規劃法( dpsa )相結合,推求非充分灌溉條件下三江平原井灌水稻的最優灌溉制度。At present, whereas so many reasons such as its using function changing from irrigation to city water supply, the increasing of importance, the original design standard on the low side, the damage and aging of structure, the demand for seismic fortify in strong earthquake region and offering data of technical alteration for adding flux aftertime, it is important for safety and seismic capability of this aqueduct bridge
目前,該渡槽使用功能由灌溉輸水改為城市供水、實際重要性提高、鑒于原設計標準偏低、結構的病害和老化破損以及地處強震區對抗震設防的要求,為日後加大流量進行技術改造提供依據,因而急需對渡槽作較詳細的安全可靠性評估和抗震性能評估。本文針對該渡槽進行了原位現場檢測,並對其進行結構分析計算和結構的安全性能與抗震性能的評估等方面的工作。First each of the eight factors, i. e., per capita water resource available, per capita water requirement quantity, environmental water use rate, utilization rate of water resource, industrial water requirement quantity per 10, 000 industrial product value, water requirement module, regional irrigation rate was analyzed. then the water resource capacity in hejin city was evaluated by applying the fuzzy comprehensive estimation
選取了人均水資源可利用量,人均供水量,生態需水率,水資源利用率,萬元工業產值需水量,需水模數,生活需水定額,耕地灌溉率等8個評價因素,利用模糊綜合評判模型對其水資源承載能力進行了評價研究,並提出了河津市水資源安全對策。At present, the studies about the controlled alternate furrow irrigation are focused on how it affects the water physiological indexes, water consumption and yields of crops. but, some problems suc h as the soil infiltrative parameters, irrigating water advancing, water redistribution in soil, calculation of crop water requirement and water consumption, and the upper and lower limit indexes of soil moisture, guiding a field irrigation after the controlled alternative furrow irrigation is implemented in field, have not been researched systematically and deeply. if these problems could not been solved commendably, the popularization of controlled alternate furrow irrigation will be affected
然而,目前有關交替隔溝灌溉的研究還主要集中於這種灌水方式對作物水分生理指標、耗水量和產量的影響方面,而對大田採用這種灌水式后的土壤入滲參數變化情況、作物需水量與耗水量計算、以及指導大田灌溉的水分下限控制指標等與大田生產實際密切相關的幾個問題基本上還沒有進行系統的深入研究,而這些問題如不能得到很好地解決,勢必會對這種灌水方式的推廣應用產生嚴重的影響。According to the optimal irrigation scheduling, the irrigation demand hydrographic in four representative years of huimin and wudi are computed
在灌溉制度模擬優化的基礎上,推求出代表年惠民、無棣推至田間的基本灌溉需水量和需水過程。Secondly, many crop water parameters, including eta, wue and water sensitive parameters etc., were studied through onsite experiment, typical household survey and other methods. by analyzing crop water usage characteristics, we concluded : 1. about eta : the amout of pear water consumption was highest ( 750. 2mm ), however, the watermelon planted in greenhouse consumed only 266. 5mm ; 2
通過對大田作物需水量與自然降水量的平衡分析,可以將順義區主要大田作物分為三類: 1 )灌溉需求量較大的作物,包括水稻、冬小麥、苜蓿、棉花; 2 )灌溉需求量較小的作物,包括夏播作物(夏玉米、夏花生、夏大豆)和耐旱、避旱作物(高梁、穀子) ; 3 )中間型作物,包括大部分春播作物(春玉米、春花生、春大豆等) 。This dissertation describes the studying of the whole construction of water - saving irrigation expert control system, the realization of hardware and software and low - cost soil - moisture sensor which is needed for water - saving irrigation. the distributed control system based on bus. according to real - time data of soil - moisture, water - level of sump, pressure of tube, etc. and irrigation knowledge in expert knowledge bases, it can make decisions such as when to irrigation, the water quantity to irrigation and the cost and benefit of the irrigation
本文對節水灌溉專家控制系統的總體結構、軟硬體實現以及節水灌溉急需的低成本土壤水分傳感器進行了研究,系統採用了基於總線的分散式控制結構,根據實時檢測的土壤水分、水槽水位、管道壓力等實時參數,知識庫的作物灌溉知識,分析決策灌水時間、灌水量、灌溉成本及灌溉效益。Main results are generalized as follows : in dry year, coupling fitness of water requirement to rainfall reaches 90 % for sorghum and spring millet during crop ' s growth and reproductive season in shunyi county, while 85 % for peanut and soybean, 70 % for spring com and cotton, 65 % for alfalfa, and 55 % for cropping pattern of rice followed by wheat
主要結論包括: 1 )順義區乾旱年型下,高粱和春谷全生育期需水與降水的耦合度達到90 ;花生和春大豆其次,達到85 ;春玉米和棉花為70 ;苜蓿65 ;水稻和冬小麥?夏作物組合耦合度只有55 。需水量和灌溉定額則與耦合度大小相反。We found that the higher midlayer and deeplayer water contents after harvest, the faster alfalfa grew, and, the more quickly covered the bare soil, the more soil evaporation restrained. in this way, the soil could sustain higher shallow soil water contents
即使在平水年和豐水年,在7月之前降水也不能滿足苜蓿的正常生長需要,而在7月以後,降水量略大於苜蓿需水量,所以要獲得高產必須進行灌溉。/ based on the trends of present cropping development and irrigation efficiency increase in the region, water supply can meet irrigation by 89 % in 2010, 75 % in 2020 and 70 % in 2030 to crop ' s water requirement under normal condition. water supply can meet irrigation by 100 % in 2010, 88 % in 2020 and 83 % in 2030 to 85 % of crop ' s water requirement under normal condition. the situation of water shortage in the region is more austere in dry year
3 )按目前種植業發展趨勢並考慮到灌溉效率的提高,平水年在100充足灌溉方式下, 2010年、 2020年和2030年可供水量對灌溉的滿足率分別為89 、 75和70 ;在85虧缺灌溉方式下, 2010年供水可以滿足需要, 2020年和2030年供水量對灌溉的滿足率為88和83 ;乾旱年度的灌溉滿足率更低,形勢更為嚴峻。The first part is about the computing of crop water requirements ( or crop evapotranspiration ) and net irrigation requirements ( nir ) of ten crops in bojili irrigated district. then the traditional irrigation schedules of winter wheat and summer maize, which are the main crops in bojili, were evaluated with simulating model isareg. third, the field application efficiency in the experimental areas was evaluated from three methods
本文即是由灌區實測資料計算各種作物需水量,推求其凈灌溉需水量;然後通過模型檢驗現行作物灌溉制度是否具有合理性,並對田間灌溉系統進行評價,求其實際田間灌溉效率;最後由兩種不同灌溉制度方案的對比,確定試區合理的作物灌溉制度,在此基礎上求出各代表年的田間灌溉需水量和用水過程線。In the fourth part, the field irrigated water requirement were gotten based on the recommended irrigation schedules and irrigated areas often crops. in this paper, the reference evapotranspition et0 in three counties in bid was computed by penman - monteith method and the crop coefficients, kc of ten crops by kcisa model and the crop water requirements, etc, were computed simply by kc et0. meanwhile, four representative years by frequency analysis are gotten according to net irrigation requirements and planted areas of different crops in bojili irrigation district
本文首先採用fao最新推薦的penman - monteith方法計算灌區的參照騰發量et _ 0 ,用kcisa按照fao的計算方法推求十種作物的作物系數k _ c ;由此基礎上計算出作物需水量et _ c ,根據結果分析了不同作物的需水規律;同時用作物缺水量nir (凈灌溉需水量)進行頻率計算,求出了灌區的四個代表年,並分析了代表年年內自然水分狀況和作物缺水規律。Based on the data obtained from the experiments on the soil with same structure under three cropping patterns, this paper makes a research into the numerical relation between the parameters of infiltration model and physical parameters of soil, and forms the statistic model about them, in order to produce a simple and easily used calculation method and a model for infiltration parameters and to provide the calculation parameters as required for the technical parameters of the water - saving irrigation
本文以榆次同一質地三種不同耕作方式下的土壤在自然條件下進行的大量試驗結果為依據,分析了土壤入滲模型參數與所獲得的土壤物理參數之間的定量關系,研究和建立土壤入滲模型參數與土壤物理性狀參數間的統計模型,為地面灌溉節水向深層次的發展提供簡單易行的土壤入滲參數確定方法和模型,為確定節水灌水技術參數提供所需的計算參數。According to the correlativity between stomatal conductance and soil moisture, root system distribution and soil water profile, these greenbelt should irrigate when soil moisture is high, and their scheming wetted soil layer depth is shallow in slow consumption stage ; irrigate when soil moisture is low, and their scheming wetted soil layer depth is deep in quickest consumption stage ; irrigate when soil moisture is higher, and their scheming wetted soil layer depth is deeper hi slower consumption stage
在草坪弱、泡桐中耗水期時,土壤高含水量時即須淺層灌溉補水,以滿足其萌發需要;中、強耗水期,可低土壤含水量時深層灌溉補水;微耗水期,為安全越冬,又需中深層灌溉補水。最大灌水定額由灌溉飽和點、補償點和計劃濕潤深度確定。Among these numerous prediction methods, bp neutral network methods is considered as the best one and applied prevalently, with high precision, good effect and feasibility. so this study chose bp to predict water demand in tangshan city of the programming year of 2010 year. because the original statistic data of water resources utilizing was about resident living and factory producing, water demand with bp method was just the two
對幾種典型需水量預測方法進行評析,在眾多預測方法中選擇應用最為廣泛、預測精度高、效果好的bp神經網路法預測規劃水平年2010年城市需水量,由於原始統計數據主要城市生活和工業用水, bp預測的也只是這兩部分用水量,對于農業用水則通過灌溉用水定額和灌溉面積計算,生態環境用水則是類比調查確定。The premises of the simulation are that the runoff from upreach is 7. 8 108m3 / a and the means of economization on water is in effect. when studied it was thought firstly the water for the lake area and the living plant of the oasis, then for forest - sod irrigation and farmland irrigation
模擬計算是以上游下泄水量7 . 8 10 ~ 8m ~ 3 a為前提條件,在實行節水措施,完善供水系統的情況下,首先滿足維持和恢復一定規模湖泊面積,保證綠洲植被正常生長所需水量,然後考慮林草灌溉用水和農田灌溉用水量。This paper takes the bojili irrigation district ( bid ) as an example to study crop water requirements and irrigation scheduling for improvement of water management at both levels
本文以山東簸箕李灌區為例,研究引黃灌區的作物需水量和灌溉制度,為改進灌區和流域水管理提供科學依據。分享友人