無性系選擇 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [wúxìngxìxuǎnzhái]
無性系選擇 英文
clonal selection
  • 無 : 無Ⅰ動詞（沒有） not have; there is not; be without Ⅱ名詞1 （沒有） nothing; nil 2 （姓氏） a surn...
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 系 : 系動詞（打結; 扣） tie; fasten; do up; button up
  • 選 : Ⅰ動詞1. （挑選） select; choose; pick 2. （選舉） elect Ⅱ名詞（挑選出來編在一起的作品） selections; anthology
  • 擇 : 擇動詞（挑選） select; pick; choose
  • 無性 : [生物學] asexual; [植物學] neuter; agamo 無性繁殖 vegetative propagation; 無性生殖 asexual reprod...
  • 選擇 : select; choose; opt; election; choice; culling; alternative
  1. In trpsin tolerance assay. this virus could resist to 1 % trpsis at 37 in an hour. in acid tolerance assay, this virus was resistant to ph3. 0 and ph5. 0 at 37 in 2 hours, and the average infection litre of the virus decreased little. in heat assay, at 50, the virus was processed from 5 minutes to 150 minutes and at each condition the viral virulence reduced to some certain degree. among these conditions, when at 50 in 30 minutes. the average infection litre of this virus decreased over 2 tilre. and when al 50 in an hour, cpe of ihis virus disappeared. when time was set for an hour. but with processed in different temperature as 50 60 70, 80, the virus losl the multiplication capacity complelely. in biological assay, we selected different cell lines to cultivate this virus by laking advantage of possesional cells at that time in our laboratory. then we found that fcwf cell line was the most sensitive to dxmv and mdck was the second. with f81 cell line, after passaged for 12 times continuously with low concentration of fcs. the virus could produce cpe. however, with vero cell line. the virus could not procuce any cpe after many passages. the hemagglutination and lumadsorption reaction test proved that this virus had no any reaction to erythrocyte of pig, fowl and cavy. by neutrolizaion assay, dxmv could be identified as a kind of ccv

    理化學研究表明，該病毒為rna病毒，對氯仿、乙醚敏感；胰酶試驗中，經37 、 1小時處理的病毒，仍然能夠在貓源細胞fcwf細胞上生長，並且毒力基本保持不變；耐酸性試驗中，病毒分別在ph5 . 0和ph3 . 0經37作用2小時，毒力僅下降一個滴度；耐熱性試驗中，該病毒在恆定溫度50 ，設定不同時間，從5分鐘到150分鐘，毒力均有不同程度下降，其中， 50作用30分鐘，病毒平均滴度下降2個單位； 50 ， 60分鐘， cpe消失；恆定時間1小時，設定不同溫度（ 50 - 60 - 70 - 80 ） ，病毒在細胞上完全喪失增殖能力， cpe消失。生物學試驗，利用實驗室現有條件，選擇不同的細胞系對該病毒進行培養，發現該病毒對貓源細胞fcwf最敏感； mdck細胞次之； f81細胞經多次傳代，亦可出現cpe ；而vero細胞則不敏感。血凝試驗表明，該病毒對豬、雞、人及豚鼠的紅細胞均無血凝性。
  2. A compromise has to be made as to the choice of clones to be used as pollen parents.

    對于用作授粉親本的一些無性系的選擇，不得不採用一種折衷辦法。
  3. On the base of researching the theory of the scheme and analyzing the signal feature, it is obtained that the existence manners and character of distance information in the differential frequency signal. at the same time, a new conclusion is gained that the technology of frequency agility can decrease the constant error of system. it is also to say that frequency agility and frequency modulation fixed - distance fuze has the similar feature to random period frequency modulation fixed - distance fuze. according to the theory of address coding in the hopping - frequency communication, the paper presents the principle of selecting the frequency agility sequence which fit to the radio fuze and constructs the frequency agility sequence family based on the rs codes

    在深入研究方案原理和分析信號特徵的基礎上，獲得了該體制引信差頻信號中，距離信息的存在形式和特點，得出了頻率捷變技術的引入降低了系統定距固定誤差這一新的結論，即頻率捷變調頻定距引信在定距性能上具有類似隨機周期調頻定距的特徵。本文引入跳頻通信地址編碼理論，結合無線電引信的具體特徵，提出了適用於無線電引信的頻率捷變序列的選擇原則，並構造了基於rs碼的寬間隔頻率捷變序列族。
  4. Laoyingdi population, baoshan population, yimen population, yupingshan population and shuangbai population. in addition, hierarchical relationships of populations were studied. put together, there are obvious intraspecific differentiations in lilium sulphureum baker apud hook

    綜合上還研究認為，淡黃花百合存在明顯的種內分化，不同的選擇壓力和兼性無融合生殖與該種植物的遺傳多樣性、適應和進化有密切關系。
  5. Disigning coolant channel on the firebox of liquid rocket engine to loxodrome ( equal - angle helix ) groove can improve firebox coolant capability greatly. because the width dimension of loxodrome groove is narrow and the depth is deep, some machining methods are incapable, such as end - milling or electrochemistry. according to the peculiarities, a cnc disk - cutter - milling method which is composed of five motion axes with four simultaneously interpolated ones is researched. because most firebox generatrix is composed of complex curves, it is very difficult to get cnc cutting program with manual means. in order to deal with the problem, the loxodrome mathematics model is studied, and an auto - programming software system is developed. the software system can generate cnc cutting program of loxodrome on many kinds of turned surface. the constriction - distension segment of firebox is the most representative workpiece. the sharp changing of its generatrix slope makes loxodrome milling difficult. with the theory analyzing and practice cutting experiment, some applied techniques, which include milling mode and direction, choosing cutter diameter and cutting start point setting, are developed. adopting the technology above, tens regular workpiece have been manufacturing. the two - year manufacture practice has confirmed the validity and feasibility of developed loxodrome coolant channel milling method. the developed technology is also worth to be referenced to other similar workpiece

    將液體火箭發動機燃燒室的冷卻通道設計為斜航線（等傾角螺旋線）槽形，可以大幅度改善燃燒室的冷卻性能.斜航線冷卻槽的槽寬尺寸較小而槽深尺寸較大，所以無法使用棒銑刀銑削、電化學等加工方式.針對這些特點，提出了五軸控制、四軸聯動的數控片銑刀銑削加工方法.由於燃燒室外表面的母線輪廓復雜，手工編制數控加工程序難度大.為了解決數控加工程序的編制問題，研究了斜航線的數學模型，開發了自動編程軟體系統.使用該系統，可以生成多種母線輪廓回轉體外表面上的斜航線數控加工程序.燃燒室收斂-擴張段的母線斜率變化大，加工難度大，是斜航線冷卻通道加工的最典型工件.經過理論分析和實際切削實驗，研究了針對該類型工件的片銑刀直徑選擇、銑削方式和方向、刀具調整和起刀點的設置等多項實際的加工方案.採用上述的一系列技術，已經成功地加工了數十個合格工件.經過兩年多的實際生產過程應用，驗證了所開發的斜航線冷卻通道加工方法的正確性和可行性.這些加工技術的研製成功，對其他相似類型零件的加工亦具有參考意義
  6. Index analysis on comprehensive judgement of drought resistance ability of white poplar hybrid clones

    氮素高效基因型杉木無性系的選擇研究
  7. The safety of transmission line plays a important role in power system safety it is not only the requirement of ensure supply power reliability, but also the necessary precondition of enhance power system stabilization, to remove faulty line quickly and accurately, also keep non - faulty line continuous work when some transmission line faults current differential protection is a kind of simple, reliable and good - selective protection manner to any variety of transmission lines, power system development needs current differential protection apply to transmission lines, moreover the advancement of electric and communication technology enable current differential protection apply to transmission lines firstly, the paper discusses, analyses the research and application transmission line protection in detail, compare the principle and realistic presupposition of general line pilot protections secondly, because conventional current vector differential protection are influenced easily by load current and transitional resistance, in order to at the same time quicken protection act, the principle and criterion include work characteristic of differential protect based on fault component sampled values are studied, results shows that differential protect based on fault component sampled values excels general vector current differential protection in reliability, sensitivity and anti - saturation of current transformer in addition, synchronous current sampling methods at all terminals of line is analyzed and estimated lastly, the principle and criterion. also device design about current sampling values differential protection based on optical fiber communication, which apply to short transmission lines are concretely investigated,

    基於基爾霍夫定律的電流差動保護無論對於何種形式的輸電線路都是一種簡單、可靠、選擇性強的保護形式，電力系統的發展使得電流差動保護應用於線路保護成為需要，而電子、通信技術的發展使得電流差動保護應用於輸電線路成為可能。首先，本文對目前線路保護的研究和實際應用情況進行了討論和分析，比較了常用線路縱聯保護的實現原理和實現條件及優缺點。其次，針對常規相量電流差動保護易受正常負荷電流和故障過渡電阻影響的缺點，同時為加快差動保護的動作速度，對基於故障分量瞬時采樣值電流差動保護的原理、判據、動作特性等作了討論和分析，結果表明基於故障分量瞬時采樣值電流差動保護在可靠性、靈敏度、抗電流互感器飽和方面明顯優于常規相量電流差動保護，對電流差動保護各端的同步采樣方法和數據通信也進行了分析和評價。
  8. This study was conducted to examine the interrelationship of 10 seed vigor traits in 12 wheat genotypes through variance, co - variance and path coefficient analysis, to determine broad - sense heritability, and to estimate genetic advance under selection. the genotypes showed significant difference for all traits, except for percentage of normal seedling. genetic correlation between conversion efficiency of seed reserve, electrical conductivity with other traits were not significant, showed that selection for any of them might be possible without hampering any other traits. however path coefficient analysis indicated that conversion efficiency of seed reserve, seed reserve utilization ratio have strong direct effect in affecting seedling weight, and that mean germination time has significantly negatively correlated in affecting gi. moderate to high estimates of broad - sense heritability, genetic coefficient of variation and expected genetic advance were obtained for electrical conductivity, germination index, mean germination time, seed dry weigh, seedling dry weigh, seed reserve depletion ratio indicating the possibility for improving these traits

    本研究利用12個普通小麥品種對10個種子活力性狀的遺傳變異和相關研究，表明除正常幼苗百分率外，其餘種子活力性狀在品種間均存在顯著的差異.種子貯藏物質轉換效率、電導率兩個性狀間及與其它性狀均無顯著的遺傳相關，因此對他們的選擇不會影響到其它性狀.通徑分析表明幼苗干重主要取決于種子貯藏物質轉換效率、種子貯藏物質利用速率;發芽指數主要由平均發芽時間決定.電導率、發芽勢、幼苗干重、種子干重、發芽指數、種子貯藏物質消耗比率6個性狀表現中到高的遺傳力、遺傳變異系數和相對遺傳進展，指明通過遺傳育種手段改良這些性狀是可能的
  9. 3. the trapping characteristics of ordinary helical gear pump are lucubrated by theory for the first time, the theoretic relation of the gear rotor between the end overlap coefficient and trapping phenomenon is discussed respectively with clearence or without clearcence, and the relation of trapping volume with the rotational angle turn is also discussed. the selective range of the helical angle that can eliminate completely the trapping of helical gear pump is gained, which never appeared in literature before

    首次對普通斜齒齒輪泵的困油特性進行深入的理論研究，分別討論了有側隙和無側隙時普通斜齒齒輪泵轉子的端面重合度與困油現象之間的理論關系，以及困油容積隨轉角的變化關系，得到了完全消除斜齒齒輪泵困油沖擊的螺旋角機械科學研究院博士學位論文的選擇范圍。
  10. This paper standards the system and demonstrates the operating rules from two aspects, which are the cost of human resource and the value of human resource. the fifth chapter designs a set of human resource accounting system to present difficulty which will take convenience to the organizations that attach importance to human resource accounting

    第五章主要針對目前應用中無方向性的困難，設計了一套具有一定切實可行價值的人力資源會計制度體系方案，以便重視人力資源的組織能夠有計劃、有步驟、有重點、有選擇地在會計實務中操作。
  11. At present, people usually use birefrigence and quasi - phase - matching methods to achieve higher effiency in the process of conversion. a significant advantage of quasi - phase - matching method is that the interaction is occurred through the largest element of the x ( 2 ) tensor ; the period of optical superlattice can be designed randomly, and any interaction can be matched without walk - off angle ; they are fitted to be used in frequency conversion of lower power especially. the quasi - phase - matching method has some advantages over birefrigence method, improving the efficiency of frequency conversion ; the range of frequency conversion covers its whole transperant wavelength

    由於準相位匹配技術有其獨特的優勢，可以利用非線性光學晶體的最大二階極化張量，如ppln 、 pplt 、 ppktp用的非線性極化張量都是d _ （ 33 ） ，其有效非線性系數高出普通非線性光學介質（如bbo 、 lbo 、 ktp ）一個數量級，而且可以人為靈活設計調制周期，通過周期設計其頻率變換范圍可以覆蓋準相位匹配介質的整個透明波段，選擇無走離效應，解決了常規pm難以解決的問題，拓寬了非線性晶體的應用范圍，極大地提高了頻率轉換效率，已成為非線性光學材料和固體激光器的研究熱點之一。
  12. Secondly, the author makes a brief introduction of the divergences for the understanding of the concept of the juristic act of real right, probes into the inner construction of the concept of the juristic act of real right, puts forward that we should combine the declaration of will and the forms and consider the legal effect to define the concept of the juristic act of real right and delineates the reasonability of this definition on the above basis, the author examines the relations between the concept of the juristic act of real right and the choice of different legislative models of patterns of real - right changing process and favors the german legislative pattern as the example to follow in our legislation

    其次簡介了學界對物權行為概念的分歧，並深入剖析了物權行為概念的構成，提出了以意思表示與形式相結合，並吸納物權行為外在的法律效果來界定物權行為的概念，繼而闡釋了如此定義物權行為的合理性。並在此基礎上，探討了物權變動立法模式的選擇與物權行為概念的關系，提出了我國宜采德國式的物權變動立法模式的主張。最後歸納介紹了物權行為理論在現代法上的基本內容，即主要包括分離原則、抽象原則和形式主義原則，並探討了物權行為理論的適用范圍，提出了無因性原則的適用條件。
  13. In this paper, a new control strategy based on the adaptive deadbeat voltage space vector is presented. this control scheme has a lower sample frequency and a smaller difference between switch frequency and sample frequency. it has many advantages, such as producing zero vectors organically, tracing exactly, non - shaking, etc. and its dynamic response is better

    對于電能質量調節器來講， pwm跟隨指令參考信號的控制性能在很大程度上影響著裝置的補償效果，本文選擇無差拍電壓空間矢量控制為系統控制策略，這種控制方法具有采樣頻率低，開關頻率與采樣頻率的差距小，能有機地產主零矢量、跟蹤精確以及無抖振等優點，動態響應快。
  14. Abstract : biological invasions are a continuous feature of a non - equilibrium world, ever more so as a result of accidental and deliberate introductions by mankind. while many of these introductions are apparently harmless, others have significant consequences for organisms native to the invaded range, and entire communities may be affected. here we provide a survey of common models of range expansion, and outline the consequences these models have for patterns in genetic diversity and population structure. we describe how patterns of genetic diversity at a range of markers can be used to infer invasion routes, and to reveal the roles of selection and drift in shaping population genetic patterns that accompany range expansion. we summarise a growing range of population genetic techniques that allow large changes in population size ( bottlenecks and population expansions ) to be inferred over a range of timescales. finally, we illustrate some of the approaches described using data for a suite of invasions by oak gallwasps ( hymenoptera, cynipidae, cynipini ) in europe. we show that over timescales ranging from 500 10000 years, allele frequency data for polymorphic allozymes reveal ( a ) a consistent loss of genetic diversity along invasion routes, confirming the role of glacial refugia as centres of genetic diversity over these timescales, and ( b ) that populations in the invaded range are more subdivided genetically than those in the native range of each species. this spatial variation in population structure may be the result of variation in the patchiness of resources exploited by gallwasps, particularly host oak plants

    文摘:生物入侵是不均衡世界的一個永恆話題，尤其是當人類有意或無意地引入物種后.很多引入顯然是無害的，但另外一些則有著嚴重的後果，會給入侵地的生物以至於整個生物群落造成影響.本文總結了分佈區擴張的常見模式，概述了它們對遺傳多樣性和種群結構式樣所造成的影響.描述了如何根據以一批遺傳標記所得到的遺傳多樣性式樣來推斷入侵途徑，來揭示伴隨擴張選擇和漂變在形成種群遺傳樣式中的作用.本文對日益增多的群體遺傳學方法進行了總結，這些技術可以用來在不同的時間尺度上推斷種群規模所發生的巨大變化（瓶頸效應及種群擴張） .最後，我們以歐洲櫟癭蜂（膜翅目，癭蜂科，癭蜂族）一系列入侵的數據為例對一些方法進行了說明.從500 10000年的時間尺度上，多態的等位酶位點上等位基因頻率的數據表明: 1 ）遺傳多樣性沿入侵路線呈不斷下降的趨勢，支持了冰河期避難所作為遺傳多樣性中心的作用; 2 ）入侵地區的種群與該物種原產地的種群相比，遺傳上的分化更為強烈.這種種群結構在空間上的變異可能是被櫟癭蜂開發的資源尤其是櫟樹寄主在斑塊上出現變異的反映
  15. A novel aqueous two - phase system can be formed by the mixtures of a polymer and cationicanionic surfactants. such a system can be used as a partitioning system of proteins. in this work, we investigated the formation, phase behavior and protein partitioning in aqueous two - phase systems formed by dodecyltriethylammonium bromide / sodium dodecylsulfate / peg and dodecyltriethylammonium bromide / sodium dodecylsulfate / dextran. the ligands with affinity were attached to the polymers and the affinity partitioning of proteins was investigated. it was shown that the surfactants and polymers are enriched in different phases of aqueous two - phase systems. phase separation are promoted by increasing temperature and adding inorganic salts. different proteins are partitioned in different phases. the selectivity of protein partitioning is increased by adding ligands with affinity

    報道了由正負離子表面活性劑與高聚物混合溶液形成的一種可用於蛋白質的分離及分析的新型雙水相萃取體系.研究了正負離子表面活性劑（溴化十二烷基三乙銨/十二烷基硫酸鈉）分別與葡聚糖和聚乙二醇混合雙水相體系的形成規律、相行為及牛血清蛋白和溶菌酶在雙水相體系中的分配.通過在高聚物分子中接上親和配基，研究蛋白質在雙水相體系中的親和分配.結果表明，在該體系中，表面活性劑與高聚物分別富集於不同相中.升高溫度及加入無機鹽均可促進雙水相體系的形成，不同蛋白質可分配于不同的相中.親和配基的引入極大地增強了蛋白質分配的選擇性
  16. The great tour purchasing power is the drive power of promoting the region ' s tourism developmentln the regional space, scale economic and regional separation are one of the basic characteristics of promoting tourism industry, so we must arrange the regional tourism industry with a systematic method and give prominence to the central city. for its outstanding area in the regional space, central city has evident superiority in the regional ecnomic development, and has echelon between central city and its periphery scennic spots, which is the inducement mechanism of tourism industry ' s arranging, developing and advancing step by step. for the law of diminishing marginal utility and the theory of equilibrium, the max utility equilibrium of tourism consumption be at the point of tangency of undiscrepancy curve and the cost budget curve

    中心城市居民巨大的出遊力是拉動其周邊旅遊地發展重要的內在驅動力；由於地緣關系，區域規模經濟與地域分割並存，是旅遊產業運動的一個基本特徵，為此必須對區域旅遊經濟進行系統化布局，突出中心城市的產業中心性；因其區位條件獨特，中心城市在區域經濟發展中居於明顯的優勢，與周邊城鄉部位存在經濟發展上的梯次性，這種梯次性是區域旅遊生產力布局、產業發展梯次傳動，最終整體聯動的經濟誘導機制；根據邊際效用遞減規律和旅遊者最大效用均衡理論，旅遊消費效用最大化的均衡在無差異曲線與開支預算線的切點（即旅遊目的地選擇的最佳位置）上，且隨著邊際效用遞減，目的地選擇的最佳位置向遠離中心城市方向移動，這就是中心城市與周邊旅遊地互動關系的經濟學解釋。
  17. The dissertation refers to comparatively full literatures in the field of vsc, and the development history and characteristics of vsc are summarized, and the elementary concepts, elementary definitions, elementary properties, elementary principles and design methods are particularly introduced, and the causes of the chattering phenomenon are systematically analysed, and the study status of the chattering phenomenon and the main methods to eliminate the chattering are elaborated. for the deficiencies of traditionary methods, three improved methods are developed, which are improved exponent reaching law solution, variable boundary layer solution and the solution by adding an auxiliary continuous control term. for uncertain linear systems, an adaptive fuzzy integral variable structure control stategy ( afivsc ) is put forward to eliminate the chattering around the sliding plane, which introduces fuzzy logic to soften the non - linear discontinuous sig nal in the control variable and utilizes adaptive theory to adjust output membership function according to how much the uncertainty of the system is

    比較全面地查閱了關于變結構控制理論的文獻，總結了滑模變結構控制的發展歷史和特點，詳細介紹了變結構控制的基本概念、基本定義、基本性質、基本原理以及設計方法；系統分析了變結構控制系統抖振產生的機理，並闡述了國內外目前對抖振問題的研究現狀以及消除抖振的主要方法；針對傳統抑制和消除抖振方法的不足，改進了傳統方法，得到了三種新的消除抖振的方法? ?即改進的指數趨近律法、可變邊界層法和附加連續項法；針對不確定性線性系統，在變結構控制策略中引入模糊邏輯和自適應理論來消除滑動平面上的抖振，提出了一種自適應模糊積分變結構控制方案（ afivsc ） ，利用模糊邏輯來柔化控制量中非線性不連續部分，採用自適應理論，根據系統不確定性大小在線調整模糊輸出量的隸屬函數，另外，鑒于模糊控制本質上是有靜差的，所以本文選擇了帶積分項的切換函數，由於積分項的存在使系統較正為無靜差系統。
  18. And that with your choice of 2, 4, 6 or 8 speakers. musicians too will certainly get all they want for the money out of the aureon 7. 1 space

    對于音樂家而言， aureon 7 . 1 space眾多的模擬數字輸出入介面，無疑的為您的多軌硬盤錄音系統的專業性提供了最佳選擇彈性。
  19. A study on optimum age and gain for early selection of superior clone in cunninghamia lanceolata hook

    杉木優良無性系早期選擇年齡和增益
  20. But the performance of the mimo system has deep relation with the properties of the multi - path signal in that environment, particularly affected by the correlation, the time spread and the azimuth spread of each path. therefore, in order to achieve potential huge capacity of the channel, gain prospective performance, choose appropriate system configurations and design excellent algorithms for signal processing, it is very important to realize and master the characteristics of channel in the indoor and the outdoor environment

    而多入多出系統的性能，在很大程度上跟所處環境的多徑信號性質有關，特別與各條路徑之間的相關度、時延擴展和角度擴展有很大的關系，因此，了解和掌握戶內和戶外環境中無線多入多出通道的特徵，對實現潛在的巨大通道容量、取得預期的性能、選擇合適的系統結構和設計優良的信號處理演算法至關重要。
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