This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory
本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質
熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在
的問題,主要研究內容有: ( 1 )實驗、測定了20種常見生物質
的能量(發
熱量)和c 、 h 、 n元素含量,根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量
的生物質能量預測經驗公式,並通過r _ ( 0 . 05 )檢驗;為閃速
熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便; ( 2 )選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加
熱速率( 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min )和恆溫加
熱的tg和dtg實驗,根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質
熱解反應動力學微分方程,並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求
解,
解析出各種生物質
的頻率因子和活化能參數,進而建立了各種生物質
的熱解動力學模型,為科學確定反應器
的閃速
熱解工作溫度范圍及
熱解反應動力學描述,提供了理論和依據; ( 3 )為研究和確定不同尺度
的生物質顆粒中心達到全
熱解的時間,在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度
的生物質顆粒
的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定,得出生物質
的長徑比( l d )一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間,平均為5 . 3
的結果; ( 4 )採用復雜溫度場傳
熱學理論對生物質傳
熱過程及充分
熱解時間理論進行了研究,
解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分
熱解溫度
的時間( t ) ,得出了理論推導
的充分
熱解時間與最大產油率
的熱解時間相一致
的結果,為閃速
熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據; ( 5 )根據上述實驗結果,綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理,推導、建立了轉錐式閃速
熱解反應器物料滯留時間( )與轉速(或頻率)合理匹配理論; ( 6 )提出了轉錐式閃速
熱解反應器
的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。
So in china research with investigate to adapt to the state of the nation, using above and all kinds of abandon biomass with the large quantity ' s resources of low quality and low price food economily, fleetnessly and high - efficiently to convert for that can act for on a certain degree the petroleum conversion of bio - fuel - oil theories with method, have important of economic meaning is with the social meaning, this text author is on check the foundation of the related data of domestic and international large quantity, proceeds living creature quality pyrolysis experiment that solve, established the pyrolysis solution to respond the dyn amics model, combine right turn the main design theories that equip of solution of pyrolysis of quality of rotating cone type living creature that parameter to proceeds the research, provided the theories the basis with experiment the data in the follow - up research
因此,在我國,研究和探索適應國情,將上述各種廢棄生物質和大量
的低質低價糧食資源,經濟、快速、高效能地轉化成可在一定程度上替代石油
的生物燃油
的轉化理論和方法,具有重大
的經濟意義和社會意義。本文作者在查閱國內外大量相關資料
的基礎上,進行了生物質
熱解的實驗,建立了
熱解反應動力學模型,並對轉錐式生物質
熱解裝置
的主要參數
的設計理論進行了研究,為后續研究提供了理論依據和實驗數據。
The process parameters for pyrolysis of sugar and phenol resin are optimized
得到蔗糖及酚醛樹脂
熱解的優化工藝。
And the chemical reactions in the pyrolysis process were also discussed
並對輪胎熱解的化學反應過程進行了總結性的討論。